资源简介 2024-2025学年中考英语一轮复习语法篇专题5:名词的辨析一、单项选择题1.This is a ____.A.bike B.kite C.ruler D.pen2. —I have ____ in learning English and I'm worried. Could you help me with it —Sure. I'd love to.A.joy B.interest C.kindness D.difficulty3. —Jack, do you know when the train leaves —Sorry, I don't. But you can get the ____ you need on the Internet.A.information B.number C.question D.story4. / t z de nd r s t t t m i n wa l t z w ki /A.It is dangerous to tidy the machine while it is working.B.It is dangerous to test the machine while it is working.C.It is dangerous to touch the machine while it is working.5.— We can always find something good in a bad ____ if we look for it.— It's so true. Let's make full use of what comes.A.situation B.direction C.instruction D.competition6. I have a ping-pong ball and a ping-pong bat.A.computer game B.basketball C.tape player7. ____ is the first. We should eat ____ in order to(为了) stay ____.A.Health, healthy, healthilyB.Healthy, healthily, healthC.Health, healthily, healthy8. — Tony, don't waste food. You should put ____ rice in your bowl.— OK, Mum.A.the number ofB.the proper number ofC.the proper amount of9. —Look! The baby likes you.—Well, sometimes a baby just needs a gentle ____and lots of smiles.A.fight B.touch C.skill D.blanket10. The old people in our ____ need care and protection.A.heaven B.society C.nature D.century11. Be careful! There is some ____ on the ground.A.glass B.books C.newspaper12.—Can you give me some ____ on learning English well —Sure. Watching English programmes.is a good way.A.questions B.advice C.lessons D.information13. My mum promised me a pair of new shoes as a ____ for my good grades.A.price B.prize C.pride14.Listening to music and watching films are both relaxing forms of _______.A.achievement B.agreement C.development D.entertainment15.—In China, we use red paper for hongbao because red means good luck.—That's interesting! I want to know all the Chinese ________.A.traditions B.sentences C.notices D.problems16. Taking a break after lunch helps us have more ____ in the afternoon.A.luck B.wealth C.energy17.It's better to keep your __________down in public places even if you're with your friends.A.sound B.noise C.voice D.throat18.The journey to Congjiang is a great ________ for Steve to learn more about the magic places that he has known from books and pictures.A.introduction B.competition C.pressure D.chance19. —I have never been to Tenglong Cave.—____A.Neither doI. B.So haveI.C.Neither haveI. D.So doI.20. —Many students don't know how to ____ difficulties and become worried.—I think they should ask the teacher for help.A.play with B.deal withC.talk with D.come up with二、语法填空21. Shakespeare is a successful (write).22. Come on, Fred. Don't be sad. Nobody your ability. You have created a lot of famous paintings. There is no that you are a great artist.23. The great (invent) is from the United State.24. Students can take part in many (activity) after school.25. This (year) school trip was different. We had three (day) holiday.26.I'm feeling bad after a terrible (ill). It worried me a lot.27.She got great (satisfy)from helping people to read.28.—Who is your favorite (sing) —Liu Huan.29. Sally usually has some /bred/ for breakfast.30. David decided to lose (weigh) by eating less and doing more sports.答案解析部分1.D这是一支钢笔。A.自行车;B.风筝;C.尺子;D.钢笔。根据图片,这是一支笔,因此pen正确,故选D。考查名词辨析,注意识记pen的中文意思。2.D——我在英语学习上有困难,我很担心,你能帮助我吗 ——当然,我很乐意帮助你。joy快乐;interest兴趣;kindness仁慈;difficulties困难。根据题干 I'm worried.Could you help me with it 我很担心,你能帮助我吗?可推测应是说我在英语学习上有困难,have dificulty doing sth做某事有困难,固定搭配。故选D。考查名词词义辨析。理解各个选项的含义,仔细分析句子的内容,根据具体内容作答。3.A——杰克,你知道火车什么时候开吗?——抱歉,我不知道。不过你可以在网上找到你需要的信息。A:信息,B:数字,C:问题,D:故事,根据Internet,可知网上的是信息,故选A。考查名词,注意识记information的用法。4.C机器工作时触摸是危险的。/ t z de nd r s t t t m i n wa l t z w ki /根据音标,对应的单词分别是:it/is/dangerous/to/touch/the/machine/while/it/is/working。此处意思为:机器工作时触摸是危险的。此处为固定句型"it's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth,对某人来说做某事是怎样的"。句首单词首字母大写,故选C。考查肯定陈述句。注意识记固定句型"it's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth"。5.A如果我们去寻找,总能在逆境中找到好的一面。——确实如此。让我们充分利用所得到的。A.situation情况;B.direction方向;C.instruction指令,说明;D.competition竞争。根据We can always find something good in a bad 可知此处指的是在不好的情况下,故选A。考查名词,注意理解选项意思,根据题目所给的语境选择合适的名词。6.B我有一个乒乓球和一个乒乓球拍。computer game电脑游戏;basketball篮球;tape player磁带放音机。划线单词为ping-pong ball(乒乓球),可知是和球类有关,所以basketball,篮球,符合题意,故答案为B。考查可数名词单数。识记名词的意义,结合句意和词义找到符合题意的单词。7.C健康第一。为了保持健康,我们应该吃得健康。health健康,不可数名词,healthy健康的,形容词,healthily健康地,副词,第一空做主语,需要名词,第二空修饰动词,需要副词,第三空前面是连系动词stay,后面需要形容词作表语,故选C。考查不可数名词,副词和形容词。注意副词修饰动词的用法。8.C——托尼,不要浪费食物。你应该在碗里放上适量的米饭。——好的,妈妈。A总数,B适当的数量,修饰名词复数,C适当的量,修饰不可数名词。rice,米饭是不可数名词,故用的proper amount of,此处表达适量的米饭,故选C。考查短语辨析,注意识记the proper amount of的用法。注意词汇之间的细微差别,如近义词、反义词、同义词等。9.B——看!宝宝喜欢你。——嗯,有时候宝宝只是需要温柔的抚摸和很多的微笑。fight打仗;touch触摸;skill技巧;blanket毯子。根据"sometimes a baby just needs a gentle ... and lots of smiles"可知,宝宝需要温柔的触摸,故选B。考查名词辨析。注意正确理解选项中名词的意思,根据题目所给语境选择正确的名词。10.B我们社会中的老年人需要照顾和保护。heaven天空;society社会;nature自然;century世纪。根据"The old people"可知,是社会中的老人。故选B。考查名词辨析。上下文是理解名词含义和选择合适答案的关键因素。仔细阅读题目中的句子或段落,注意名词出现的具体环境和搭配。有时题目会提供线索词或短语,这些线索可以帮助你缩小选择范围或确定正确答案。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误,可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项,可以逐步缩小选择范围,最终找到正确答案。增加词汇量和熟悉常用短语是提高解题能力的关键。多读多写多记,可以丰富你的词汇库并提高对名词辨析的敏感度。11.A小心!地上有一些玻璃。glass玻璃;books书;newspaper报纸;根据Be careful当心,可知地上应该是危险的东西,可知glass玻璃,符合句意,故答案为A。考查名词辨析。理解句意并是不同名词的意义,找到符合题意的选词。12.B——你能给我一些学好英语的建议吗 ——当然。看英语节目。是一个好方法。根据答语"Watching English programmes.is a good way."可知问题在问能不能给我一些学好英语的建议的问题,A.问题,可数名词复数;B.建议,不可数名词;C.课程,教训,可数名词复数;D.信息,不可数名词,故选B。考查名词辨析,注意当我们谈论"一条建议"时,我们使用"a piece of advice";而当我们要表达"一些建议"时,我们使用"some advice"。13.B我妈妈答应给我一双新鞋作为对我好成绩的奖励。price价格;prize奖励;pride自豪。根据"as a ... for my good grades"可知,此处为"作为对我好成绩的奖励"。故选B。考查名词辨析。在解题时,要仔细阅读题目和选项,理解句子的语境和含义,根据句子的逻辑关系和语境,判断哪个名词更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项,可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项,缩小选择范围,将各个选项进行对比分析,找出它们之间的异同点,从而确定正确答案。14.D听音乐和看电影都是放松的娱乐方式。achievement成就;agreement同意;development发展;entertainment娱乐。根据Listening to music and watching films听音乐和看电影,可知听音乐和看电影都是娱乐方式,故选D。考查名词辨析,首先理解名词词义,然后根据关键词句意确定名词。15.A——在中国,我们用红纸做红包,因为红色意味着好运。——很有趣!我想知道所有的中国传统。考查名词辨析。traditions传统;sentences句子;notices通知;problems问题。根据前句句意“在中国,我们用红纸做红包,因为红色意味着好运。”可知在中国用红纸做红包是一种传统习俗,所以此处应填“传统”,其它选项语意不通,故选A。考查名词辨析,注意名词traditions的用法。16.C午饭后休息一下可以帮助我们在下午有更多的精力。A.运气。B.财富。C.能量。根据原句Taking a break,in the afternoon,结合选项可知此处是指帮助我们在下午有更多的精力。故选C。考查名词。分析句意及结合句中关键词判断符合句意的名词。17.C即使你和朋友们在一起,在公共场合最好压低声音。sound各种声音的总称;noise噪音;voice嗓音(人的);throat喉咙。根据句意指的是人说话的声音,故选C。考查名词辨析,注意sound,noise,voice,throat的区别与联系。18.D从江之旅对于史蒂夫来说是一个很好的了解更多的神奇地方的机会,这些地方他已经从书和图片了解了。introduction介绍;competition比赛;pressure压力;chance机会。根据learn more about the magic places that he has known from books and picture这些地方他已经从书和图片了解了,可知这对于他来说是一个极好的机会,故选D。考查名词辨析,首先理解名词词义,然后根据句意确定单词。19.C—— 我从来没有去过腾龙洞。 ——我也没有去过。 so/neither十助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语表示前者的情况也适合后者,前后的主语是不一致的,其中so用于前句为肯定句,neither用于前句为否定句,此处前面的句子含有否定词never,所以看做否定句,用neither,排除B和D;前面的句子是现在完成时,后面的句子助动词用have,故选C。考查副词辨析,倒装句和现在完成时。注意倒装句的结构neither十助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语。20.B——很多学生遇到困难时不知道如何处理,因而变得忧心忡忡。——我认为他们应该向老师寻求帮助。A:玩;B:处理; C:交谈; D:想出(计划、方法)。根据宾语difficulties"困难",以及 become worried 因而变得忧心忡忡,可知是遇到困难时不知道如何处理。故选B。考查短语辨析。注意熟记固定搭配deal with"处理"。21.writer莎士比亚是一位成功的作家。write写,动词。根据主语Shakespeare莎士比亚,可知是一位成功的作家,不定冠词a后应填可数名词单数writer"作家"。故答案为:writer。考查可数名词单数。注意熟记可数名词writer"作家",不定冠词a后用可数名词单数。22.doubts;doubt来吧,弗雷德。别难过。没有人怀疑你的能力。你已经创作了许多著名的画作。毫无疑问,你是一位伟大的艺术家。空一,缺少动词,根据You have created a lot of famous paintings,可知是没人怀疑你的能力,doubt是动词,描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故用单三式,空二,there be句型缺少名词作主语,故用doubt,是名词,疑问,故填doubts ,doubt。考查语法填空,注意识记主谓一致的用法。积累词汇和语法知识,扩大词汇量,掌握常见词汇的拼写、词性和意义。23.inventor/invention这个伟大的发明家来自美国或者这个伟大的发明来自美国。分析句子可知,great是形容词,用来修饰名词;invent有两个名词形式,inventor发明家和invention发明,代进句子意思正确;根据谓语动词is可知需填名词单数形式。故答案为inventor或者invention。考查词性变换,注意形容词修饰名词以及名词单复数。24.activities学生放学后可以参加许多活动。activity,可数名词,活动,many后接复数名词,此处作宾语,故填activities。考查名词,本题涉及复数名词作宾语。25.year's ;days'今年的学校旅行不一样。我们有三天的假期。结合句意和句子结构分析,第一空可用名词所有格修饰名词school trip(学校旅行),year年,其名词所有格形式为year's,表示今年的,故填year's。第二空可用名词所有格修饰名词holiday,day天,其名词所有格形式为day's,故填day's。考查名词所有格。注意名词所有格可用于修饰名词。26.illness一场可怕的病后我感觉很不好。这让我很担心。ill生病的,形容词。a后面用单数名词,ill的名词是illness,疾病,故填illness。考查词性转化,首先识记单词词义及词性 ,然后识记a后面用单数名词。27.satisfaction她从帮助人们读书中得到了极大的满足。satisfy满足,实义动词,great极大的,形容词,修饰名词,satisfy的名词是satisfaction,满足,不可数名词,故填satisfaction。考查词性转化,首先识记单词词义及词性,然后识记形容词修饰名词,注意不可数名词。28.singer——你最喜爱的歌手是谁?——刘欢。sing唱歌,实义动词。favourite最喜爱的,形容词,修饰名词,sing的名词是singer歌手,可数名词,is表明主语是单数,故填singer。考查词性转化,首先识记单词词义及词性,然后识记形容词修饰名词,注意根据is确定名词单复数。29.bread萨莉早餐通常吃一些面包。bread的发音为/bred/,面包,不可数名词。根据空格前some,一些,后加复数名词或不可数名词,bread为不可数名词,不需要变形,故答案为bread。考查不可数名词,注意识记不可数名词bread的用法。30.weight他决定通过吃更少和做更多运动减肥。weigh,动词,重达、重;名词,weight,固定打怕lose weight,减肥,故填weight。考查不可数名词、固定搭配。识记短语lose weight。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览