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湖北省部分市州2024年秋季高二年级期末质量监测
英语
本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1.What did the speakers plan to do this evening
A.Stay at home. B.Go to the movies. C.See a performance.
2.What does the woman mean
A.The room needs cleaning.
B.The man should wear thick clothes.
C.She wants to keep the window open.
3.Where does the conversation probably take place
A.In the flower shop. B.In the garden. C.In the supermarket.
4.Who is the woman probably talking to
A.A salesman. B.A policeman. C.A repairman.
5.What are the speakers mainly discussing
A.A gift. B.An exam. C.The man's parents.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Why does the oven fail to work
A.It's too old to use. B.It wasn't used properly. C.There is a power cut.
7.What will the man do next
A.Get his phone. B.Get changed. C.Cook lunch.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.How long did the woman travel in Japan in April
A.Two days. B.Three days. C.Fifteen days.
9.Why did the woman go to Britain last week
A.To visit a friend. B.To attend a wedding. C.To finish a project.
10.Where are probably the speakers
A.In the restaurant. B.In the tea house. C.In the man's house.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What does the woman want the man to do
A.Renat his house to her.
B.Help her move house.
C.Look for a new place for her.
12.Why is the woman dissatisfied with the apartment she lives in
A.The rent is high.
B.It's far away from her college.
C.The traffic nearby is terrible.
13.How does the woman sound in the end
A.Grateful. B.Regretful. C.Worried.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.What is the boy probably doing at first
A.Watching TV. B.Visiting a zoo. C.Doing his homework.
15.When is the boy likely to finish his homework
A.By next Thursday. B.By next Friday. C.By next Saturday.
16.What is the boy's attitude towards the woman's plan for tomorrow
A.Annoyed. B.Casual. C.Favorable.
17.What is the boy going to do next
A.Ring his classmate. B.Meet his friend. C.Eat a banana.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.When will the whole city be finished
A.By 2027. B.By 2025. C.By 2024.
19.What is the purpose of the project
A.To expand the land area of the Maldives.
B.To develop the economy of the Maldives.
C.To solve a problem caused by sea level rise.
20.What kind of family did Koen Olthuis'mother come from
A.A family of shipbuilders.
B.A family of architects.
C.A family of engineers.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
NEW DISCOVERIES
Lasting marks of stress
For humans， scientists once made a “cumulative adversity index（累积逆境指数）”，which describes the amount of adversity a person experiences as a child. Now，scientists have made a similar one to study the influence of early-life stress on marmots（土拨鼠）living in Colorado， US， reported Live Science. The marmots index brings together ecological, parental and social challenges. The index will help people improve the survival chances of endangered animals in the wild.
Life source deep down
People have long believed that plants make most of the world's oxygen using sunlight. But now, scientists have discovered that oxygen can also be produced deep in the ocean out of sunlight or plants, noted Science Alert. This occurs on the seafloor where special rocks called polymetallic nodules（多金属结核）are found. These rocks help create an electrical reaction that can split（分解）water into hydrogen and oxygen.The discovery can contribute to our understandings of the impact of deep-sea mining.Feast for the eyes
Why is it easy to overeat at a buffet A study published in Science Direct,an online academic database, has found that food waste at buffets may be caused by cognitive overload. When there are a lot of different foods, diners often want to try a variety of dishes out of fear of missing out. People may end up choosing foods they like less, which contributes to food waste.
Power of perception
A groundbreaking study featured in Science News has revealed the profound impact of perception on food waste behavior, particularly in the context of household food disposal. The research dug into the realm of psychological factors, showing that attitudes, perceptions, and emotions are the pivotal drivers behind the minimization of food waste. This discovery not only enriches our understanding of consumer behavior but also paves the way for more effective strategies in the global fight against food waste.
21.What is the significance of the marmots index study
A.Tracking marmot intelligence. B.Evaluation climate impact on species.
C.Increasing survival chances. D.Measuring monitor population growth.
22.What is a shared insight from the last two studies
A. Fear of missing out leads to waste.
B. Buffets and households waste food equally.
C. Cognitive overload is exclusive to buffets.
D. Food waste is related to psychological factors.
23.Where is this text probably taken from
A.An academic article. B.An exam paper.
C.A culture magazine. D.A course plan.
B
Earlier this year, I was looking for part-time work. Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop nearby， was hiring， so I went in for a trial shift（轮班）.While I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer, the bonds and memories I made there turned out to be more valuable than any paycheck.
Once, a man who works for the union of the local movie theater came in to place an order. He wanted a cake to celebrate a victory he'd had in stopping thetheater from being kicked out by its landlord. Moonmilk's owner was touched by the story and refused payment for the cake. Later, the union leader-so moved by the gesture-delivered free movie tickets to Moonmilk staff. The older women customers are among my favorites. Their concern is poignant; they often wonder if I'm Okay and tell me I look tired.
One regular, always alone and smiling, is kind and generous, always declaring we have the best ice cream in the city. There's also the guy who comes frequently to ask if we have the chocolate orange flavor-that we only ever have at Christmas. I always have to say no, but his persistence brings me joy, especially on days when I'm tired.
As with any job, there are unpleasant moments. My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream, and it's always annoying when a group of people come in and take way too long to order, holding up all the others waiting. Worse still,in the fall, my full-time job's schedule becomes more demanding and I know I'll have to scale back my shifts. I will run into my favorite customers less often.
But my experience working at Moonmilk has offered much more than just a paycheck. It has helped me feel more connected to my local community. The interactions and connections I've made will sustain me until at least next summer.
24.What initially drew the author to work at Moonmilk
A.A love for cake and ice cream. B.The chance to earn extra money.
C.A personal connection to the shop. D.The manager's engaging personality.
25.What does the underlined word“poignant” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A.Heartwarming. B.Surprising. C.Distracting. D.Embarrassing.
26.What trouble does the author encounter at work
A.Bad-tasting ice cream. B.Far-off job destination.
C.Constant physical pain. D.Numerous customer demands.
27.What lasting effect does the job at Moonmilk have on the author
A.Renewed purpose awareness. B.Strengthened social participation.
C.Advanced financial independence. D.Improved working competence.
C
Thinking through problems can be challenging, but there are ways to become fairer and more objective. One such method is illeism（第三人称叙述法），an ancient strategy where one speaks about oneself in the third person rather than the first. For example, Julius Caesar used it in his writings, “Caesar defended the public" instead of "I defended the public." This subtle switch gives the statement an air of fairness. Though it may seem strange today,psychological research suggests it brings cognitive benefits by helping to separate emotions from decision-making.
To understand how illeism aids decision-making, we must explore how scientists, like Igor Grossmann, measure wisdom. Grossmann identified key components of wise reasoning,such as modesty and considering other viewpoints. His research demonstrated that wise reasoning can predict life satisfaction and social relationship quality. However, Grossmann also found that people are better at making wise decisions for others than for themselves-a phenomenon he called Solomon's Paradox, after the Biblical king who was wise in advising others but struggled with his own decisions.
Could illeism help solve Solomon's Paradox Grossmann's studies suggest it can. By talking about our problems in the third person, we gain distance, helping us to see the
bigger picture. This helps to calm down emotions that might confuse our thinking. In a study with Ethan Kross, people using illeism showed more humility and made better decisions,suggesting that the practice helps people think more wisely.
Grossmann's latest research shows that regular use of illeism can have lasting benefits.Participants who wrote in the third person daily saw improvements in wise reasoning and emotional regulation. This suggésts that illeism helps us manage stress and approach challenges more thoughtfully, which I now apply to all areas of my life.
28.Why did Julius Caesar use illeism in his writings
A.To overstate his achievements.
B.To simplify the language for his audience.
C.To appear more personal and approachable.
D.To make his statements sound more factual.
29.What is Solomon's Paradox described in the article
A.The ability to make decisions without emotion.
B.The skill of reasoning wisely in personal matters.
C.The tendency to give better advice to others than to oneself.
D.The strategy of using third-person perspective in decision-making.
30.What does the research by Grossmann reveal on the regular use of illeism
A.It worsens emotional responses.
B.It is unrelated to life satisfaction.
C.It is only beneficial for public speaking.
D.It helps manage stress and make decisions.
31.What is the primary focus of the article
A.The use of illeism by historical figures.
B.A psychological strategy to improve decision-making.
C.The influence of language on emotional expression.
D.A comparison between first-person and third-person speech.
D
Germany is at the forefront of a green energy revolution with the rise of balcony solar panels. These lightweight, plug-and-play panels are not only affordable but also easy to install,allowing everyday citizens to generate their own electricity.
In Germany, individual panels can be bought for as low as 200 euros, and complete sets are about twice that cost. New laws prevent landlords from blocking solar panel installations （安装）and simplify registration requirements， making personal solar systems more attractive. There is a growing diversity of users, including older people and adult women,and many are young families concerned about climate change. Most of the solar panels are produced in China, which has dominated the global industry and reduced costs.
Waltraud Borg, a Berlin rétiree, was delighted to install several on her balcony after discovering them at a sustainability trade fair. "It's thrilling to be more independent,"she said. Each panel produces enough power for a laptop or a small fridge, and over 500,000systems have been set up across Germany.
The boom in solar panel use is partly dueto new laws that have eased installation regulations. As part of its push to move away from dependence on Russian natural gas, the European Union is looking to quadruple（变成四倍）the amount of power generated through photovoltaic（光伏）sources by 2030，to 600 gigawatts（吉瓦）．Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year. In the first half of this year, Germany added 90 gigawatts of photovoltaic capacity, according to Rystad Energy.
The so-called plug-in systems convert the direct current from the panels to alternating current for home use. Janik Nolden, founder of Solago, a German start-up, noted that most customers prefer to install the panels themselves. His company has grown rapidly,shipping products across Germany and into Austria. Plug-in solar panels are also gaining popularity in other European countries, with pricés dropping steadily.
Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store electricity for later use. Apps let users monitor their energy production, which has become a popular pastime,sparking friendly competition among neighbors. Thomas Losch, initially skeptical, became fascinated with solar power after seeing a neighbor's setup. He now checks his app every morning to see how much energy is being generated. "I am completely hooked,"he said."It's a good feeling to do my bit for the environment.”
32.What advantages do balcony solar panels have based on the passage
A.They are primarily intended for use by the young.
B.They have fully replaced traditional power systems.
C.They are cost-effective and applied in every aspect of life.
D.They can cut emissions, save on bills, and gain policy support.
33.What will be.Germany's achievement in photovoltaic capacity by 2030
A.90 gigawatts. B.150 gigawatts. C.200 gigawatts. D.600 gigawatts.
34.How do small-scale batteries boost the use of balcony solar panels
A.Enable energy storage for future use. B.Perfect competition atmosphere.
C.Monitor batteries' charging process. D.Decrease solar panel efficiency.
35.Which of the following titles is the most suitablefor the passage
A.EU's 2030 Solar Power Goals
B.Small-scale batteries Dominate Market
C.Balcony Solar Panels: A German Revolution
D.Solar Energy: Economic and Environmental Impact
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People are confident in their opinions even when they know little
In a debate, if you strongly feel you're right, you may actually be wrong, a study shows. You may be experiencing what scientists call an “illusion（错觉）of information adequacy". The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, was conducted by a team of scientists from the US. 36
The team conducted an online experiment involving 1,261 participants from the US.The participants were divided into.three groups, each reading an article about a fctional school that lacked water. The article for the first group presented only reasons why the school should be integrated with another that had sufficient merger. 37 Both sad they were just as well-informed as anyone else, and that most other people would make the same choice as they did. In the third group, 55 percent supported the merger while 45 percent were against it.
“ 38 ”Angus Fletcher, one of the scientists, explained to Popular Science,“This makes us tend to think that we have all the crucial facts about a decision, leaping to confident conclusions and decisive judgments. 39 ”
Interestingly, after being presented with all the facts, many participants in the first two groups changed their minds. 40 This showed that, when given more comprehénsive information, people may be willing to change their opinions. However, as noted by Popuilar Science,changing deeply rooted views on more complex topics can be much more challenging.
A.But the second disagreed.
B.In fact, we are missing necessary information.
C.Nevertheless, the third group changed their minds too.
D.This resuIts in a mix of opinions similar to those of the third group.
E.The less our brain knows, the more confidently it knows all it needs to know.
F.Scientists think "illusion of information adequacy" makes for our mutual cooperation.
G.They believe this "illusion" may contribute to misunderstandings and conflicts in our lives.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A few years ago, we bought a model Lego set for my dad's birthday, hoping to combine his love for architecture with family time. Each evening, my dad and I 41 the large dining table to plan our line of attack. We faced thousands of 42 white pieces, each packaged with precision in numbered plastic bags, 43 by a thick instruction booklet.
We were amazed by how 44 the model was. We also realized the booklet itself was a work of art, beautiful, but also surprisingly 45 and clear. It provided us with the comfort of 46.We knew if we followed all the 47 ,we would end op with a modei
that looked 48 like the picture on the box. If we made a mistake, all we had to do was 49 our steps, flip back the pages and start again.
Life, however, does not 50 together so neatly and 51 provides us with such clear instructions. We talked over our respective lives, decisions made, and actions and choices never 52 . We think we have the ability of 53 our life, but our choices are shaped by 54 beyond our control. In the face of uncertainty,we have to 55 ,trusting both in the process and the end result.
41.A.gathered around B.sided with C.lived off D.straightened up
42.A.vast B.tiny C.relevant D.original
43.A.favored B.accompanied C.transformed D.covered
44.A.impractical B.unique C.complex D.dull
45.A.ordinary B.abstract C.meaningless D.detailed
46.A.certainty B.relaxation C.insecurity D.competition
47.A.assessments B.circumstances C.instructions D.inferences
48.A.initially B.ultimately C.exactly D.partly
49.A.recycle B.retrace C.reveal D.recall
50.A.fit B.occupy C.shift D.involve
51.A.fundamentally B.merely C.slightly D.rarely
52.A.motivated B.declined C.opposed D.taken
53.A.controlling B.designing C.analyzing D.founding
54.A.rays B.forces C.shadows D.instances
55.A.proceed B.succeed C.predict D.interrupt
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。
The Olympic rings on the Eiffel Tower became a big feature of the Paris Olympics,attracting 56 (crowd) of visitors between July 26 and Aug 11, 57 came to take photos with the eye-catching display in the background. To keep the festive spirit alive,Mayor Anne Hidalgo announced plans to leave the Olympic rings on the Eiffel Tower 58 (permanent)in early September.
However, the 30-ton rings proved too heavy to stay on the tower. Hidalgo suggested creating a lighter version instead, but the proposal caused many heated 59 (argue)."They were a bit large, so it's better 60 (put)small ones that can remain for a few years,”said Gabriel, a French volunteer at the Games, 61 (stand) at the base of the tower on Friday."It would be symbolic and 62 great souvenir." The Association of Descendants of Gustave Eiffel（埃菲尔后裔协会），the designer group of the tower， 63 (disapprove) of the plan. It stated that the Eiffel Tower should not have “the symbol of an outside organization added 64 it in a long-lasting way.”
65 (face)with different ideas, Hidalgo later suggested that the new, lighter Olympic rings could remain until the next Summer Games in Los Angeles in 2028.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周一你校组织高二学生到社会实践活动基地进行采摘大白菜活动。请你给新西兰朋友Peter写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）活动经过； （2）你的收获。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter, Yours, Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At 19, I became an attendant at the Stanley Park Children's Zoo. The children's zoo was ahead of its time. Holes were used instead of cages, and zoo attendants worked hard to make each habitat different and exciting for the animals that lived there.
The harbor seal pups（幼崽）in our care were kept in the back building， away from visitors. Twice a day, we'd take them to the man-made pond in the contact area for a swim.The pond was at the bottom of a waterfall of fresh,cold water.
One day, as I was in the deep, icy water with two seal pups, some people gathered to watch. The pups swam close to me, surfacing occasionally to catch a breath and look around.I noticed a boy, about 10 years old, excitedly pointing at one and calling to his mother to come and see.
Suddenly, the boy yelled, "Where is the other seal " While one of the seals was scratching my leg, my eyes searched the pond for the other, Spica. The water was clear,as well as cold, and it was soon obvious Spica wasn't where he should be. I was shocked as I realized he had swum under a rock formation， which was there to hide the drain（排水管）.That area was too narrow for Spica to turn around in.
“Oh no!" yelled the boy.“The little seal is under the rocks and can't get out. He's going to drown!" Everyone in the zoo came to the edge of the pond to watch the scene. I was frightened and asked another attendant to take the remaining pup to safety. I dove under to check the hole and found Spica trying to get through.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右。
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, Ken, who worked at the main zoo, arrived.
As everyone was silent, Spica raised his head, making a soft, low sound.
高二英语试题答案及详解
1-5ACBCA 6-10CBCBA 11-15 CCAAB 16-20CAACA
21-23 CDA 24-27 BACB 28-31 DCDB 32-35DCAC 36-40GAEBD
41-45ABBCD 46-50ACCBA 51-55DDABA
crowds 57.who 58. permanently 59. arguments 60. to put
61. standing 62.a 63. disapproved 64. to 65. Faced
写作：第一节
Dear Peter,
I am more than thrilled to share a meaningful activity which our school organized for us sophomores to a social practice base to pick Chinese cabbages last Monday.
Upon arrival, we were divided into groups. The staff first demonstrated the proper way to pick cabbages without damaging the plants. Then, with tools in hand, we entered the cabbage fields. We bent down, carefully examined each cabbage, and used knives to cut the mature ones from the root. As we worked, we chatted and laughed, sharing the joy of harvest. The sun shone brightly, and the fresh air filled our lungs. It was a wonderful and memorable experience.
Through this activity, not only did I learn about farming but also understood the value of hard work better. It was a really rewarding experience.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Just then, Ken, who worked at the main zoo, arrived. Calm and experienced, he immediately sized up the situation since he had dealt with many emergencies. Ken instructed me to fetch a net with a long handle. He then dived into the water, slowly approaching the area where Spica was trapped. Carefully, he inserted the net into the narrow space, trying to attract Spica into it. The seal pup was panicked, twisting about and making it difficult. But Ken didn’t rush, his steady hands and comforting words attempting to calm the distressed animal.
As everyone was silent, Spica raised his head, making a soft, low sound. It was a painful cry that seemed to reach our hearts. Ken persisted, adjusting the position of the net. Finally, Spica, exhausted and desperate, swam into the net. Ken lifted it out of the water gently, the crowd erupting with cheers. I thanked Ken sincerely as he carried Spica to the shore, which was shaken but unharmed, swimming freely. The boy who had cried out earlier was beaming with relief, and the whole zoo seemed to breathe a collective sigh of happiness.
英 语 参 考 答 案 及 详 解
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。主题语境为人与自然。文章介绍了四个新的发现。分别介绍了深海特殊岩石能产生电反应，从而有助于了解深海采矿的影响；了解土拨鼠指数有助于我们提高野外濒临动物的生存机会；了解为什么自助餐容易吃得过多，以及家庭食物浪费背后的心理因素，从而指出食物浪费的问题的原因。
C 细节理解。The index will help people improve the survival chances of endangered animals in the wild.科学家
研究土拨鼠指数是因为它能有助于我们提高野外濒临动物的生存机会。故选 C。
D 推理判断。根据第三段第二句“...has found that food waste at buffets may be caused by cognitive overload.”
和最后一段第二句 “The research dug into the realm of psychological factors, showing that...” 可知，这两个发现
的共同之处在于了解食物浪费背后相关的心理原因。
A 推理判断。根据文章主要内容是三个方面的新发现，可以推测出文章是来自于学术研究方面的文章。
故选A。
B篇
本文是记叙文。主题语境为人与社会。文章讲述了自己在冰淇淋店做兼职工作的一段经历，意外收获了珍贵的人际感情，让作者感受到了社区的温情，超越了金钱的意义。
B 细节理解。第一段中I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer.表明作者兼职工作是
为了挣钱。故选B。
A 猜测词义。第二段中The older women customers are among my favorites.表明作者认为她们的关心是暖心的。
故选A。
C 细节理解。 根据第三段“My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream...”,可知工作带来了持
续的手腕疼痛。故选C。
B 推理判断。最后一段中my experience working at this popular spot has helped me feel more connected to my
local community. 可知这份兼职工作加强了作者的人际交往能力。故选B。
C篇
本文是说明文。主题语境为人与自我。本文探讨了“第三人称叙述法”在决策中帮助人们变得更加理性和智慧。通过引用历史人物尤利乌斯·凯撒的例子，介绍了这种策略的起源，并通过科学研究，尤其是伊戈尔·格罗斯曼的研究，展示了其在解决“所罗门悖论”方面的益处。作者利用亲身经历告诉读者经常使用第三人称叙述法可以带来持久的认知和情感上的改善。
D 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容，文章提到尤利乌斯·凯撒使用第三人称叙述法是为了让陈述听起来更加
客观和可信。因此，凯撒使用第三人称叙述法是为了使他的陈述听起来更符合事实，故选D。
C 推理判断题。根据第三段，所罗门悖论描述的是人们在为别人做决策时比为自己做决策时更明智。因此，
选项C准确解释了所罗门悖论的含义。
D 细节推断题。根据第四段的研究结果，Grossmann和Kross发现使用第三人称叙述法能让人们更好地理解
他人的观点，从而提高决策的明智性。
B 主旨大意题。整篇文章讨论了第三人称叙述法（illeism）作为一种心理学策略，如何帮助改善决策，特别
是在解决所罗门悖论时。因此，选项B是正确的，反映了文章的核心主题。
D篇
本文是说明文。主题语境为人与自然。本文介绍了德国日益流行的插电式太阳能板。这些设备价格下降、安装方便，能让普通家庭通过阳台发电自主供能，减少对传统能源的依赖。得益于政策支持和中国产品的成本优势，德国的太阳能装机量快速增长，帮助应对气候变化，推动了绿色能源转型。参考答案及解析
D 推理判断题。根据第二段，阳台太阳能电池板的受欢迎程度与其减排效果、节省费用以及政策支持密切相
关。选项D直接涵盖了这些因素，而其他选项则夸大或误解了阳台太阳能电池板的作用。故选D。
C推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，“... generated through photovoltaic(光伏) sources by 2030, to 600 gigawatts
(吉瓦). Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year”，可知德国到2030将生产出的电量是欧盟的三分之一，也就是200吉瓦数。故选C。
A 细节理解题。根据最后一段首句的描述，“Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store
electricity for later use.”可知，用户可以储备未来可用电。故A。
C 主旨大意题。纵观全文尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要讨论阳台太阳能电池板如何应对气候变化以及未
来的发展方向。故选C。
阅读七选五
本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与自我。研究表明，在争论中，如果你强烈认为自己是正确的，实际上你可能是错误的。你可能正在经历科学家们称之为“信息充足错觉”的现象。文章通过具体例子解释了这一现象。
G 他们认为这种“错觉”可能导致我们在生活中产生误解和冲突。they指的就是科学家们，其中文章的观
点是：如果你强烈认为自己是正确的，实际上你可能是错误的。E选项表明的观点跟文章论述的相反，是错误选项，故选G。
A 而第二组则持反对意见。前面提到了第一组，后面还有第三组的做法，故选A。
E 我们的大脑知道得越少，就越自信地认为它已经知道了所有需要知道的信息。后面说到: 这使我们倾向
于认为我们有关于某个决定的所有关键事实，从而得出自信的结论和果断的判断。根据研究表明的观点，故
选E。
B 对这样段进行总结，表明而实际上我们缺少必要的信息。故选B。
D 这里表示：结果与第三组的观点混合相似。C选项说第三组也改变他们自己的观点，这与文章主题不符
合。故选D。
完形填空
文章是一篇夹叙夹议。主题语境是人与自我。文章由为爸爸买乐高模型生日礼物为话题，揭示了生活并不像拼图那样整齐地拼凑在一起，也很少为我们提供清晰的指导。从而表明面对不确定性，我们必须继续前进。
41. A 爸爸和我都会围坐在大餐桌旁，计划我们的进攻路线。gather around围坐在…旁。
42. B 我们面对的是成千上万的白色小棋子。从pieces 可以看出，棋子是小的。tiny微小的。
43. B 还配有一本厚厚的说明书。accompanied by 被…所陪伴；伴随着…。
44. C 我们对模型的复杂程度和说明书感到惊讶。后面用到说明书，可以知道模型是复杂的。complex复杂的。
45. D 这本说明书本身就是一件艺术品，既美丽，又令人惊讶地详细和清晰。detailed详细的。
46. A 它给了我们确定性的安慰。有了说明书，拼图就简单了，给我们安慰感。certainty 确定性。
47. C 如果我们按照所有说明操作。这里指说明书上的指导。instruction指导；操作。
48. C 最终得到的模型会看起来和盒子上的图片一模一样。look exactly like 确切的看起来。
49. B 我们所要做的就是回溯步骤，翻回前面的页面，重新开始。retrace回溯。
50. A 生活并不像拼图那样整齐地拼凑在一起。fit安装；拼凑。
51. D 也很少为我们提供如此清晰的指导。rarely几乎不；很少。
52. D 我们讨论各自的生活、做出的决定以及从未采取的行动和选择。take action 采取行动。
53. A 我们认为我们有能力控制我们的生活，但是我们的选择是由我们无法控制的力量塑造的。control控制。
54. B 句意同上。by forces 借助于力量。
55. A 我们必须继续前进，既信任过程，也信任最终结果。proceed继续。
语法填空
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了埃菲尔铁塔上的奥运五环是否应该保留这一问题提出的讨论，最终Hidalgo市长建议保留到2028年夏季奥运会。
56. crowds 考查名词单复数 in crowds of visitors 拥挤的人群。
57. who 考查非限定性定语从句 先行词是visitors指人。
58. permanently 考查词性转换（形容词变副词） 修饰动词用副词。
59. arguments 考查词性转换 此处需要名词，且用复数形式 许多热烈的讨论。
60. to put 考查非谓语动词 to do It’s better to do sth 最好做某事。
61. standing 考查非谓语动词 doing，作伴随状语，表主动关系。
62. a 考查冠词 一个伟大的纪念品。
63. disapproved 考查时态 表述过于的一个事情，用过去时态。
64. to 考查介词 add to 增加；添加。
65. Faced 考查过去分词作状语，注意大写 be faced with 面对…。
听力录音原稿
Text 1
M: I’m sorry I couldn’t get tickets for the concert tonight.
W: It’s OK.I know it’s hard to get them. I guess we’ll just stay at home and watch a movie tonight.
Text 2
M: Do you mind if I close the window I’m wearing thick clothes, but I still feel a little cold.
W: The room smells a little bad. I think we need some fresh air.
Text 3
W: Look, these are the vegetables I planted. Are they great
M: Yes, so good! Did you grow those flowers over there, either
W: No. They were planted by my husband.
Text 4
M: Is this a new car
W: Yeah. I bought it last week. I accidentally got a scratch on it when I parked it today.
M: Don’t worry. I can fix it.
Text 5
M: Your new schoolbag is really nice. How did you get it
W: My parents gave it to me because I did well in my physics exam.
M: I see. I like the design of this schoolbag. I’d like to get one.
Text 6
M: Lucy, are you going to bake
W: I want to do that, but the oven doesn’t work. It is only half a year old. It can’t be too old to use.
M: I think so. Did you follow the instructions
W: Of course. I used it properly.
M: Let me see...Oh, I know. The electricity is off.
W: Then we can’t cook lunch, either. How about going to a restaurant
M: Good. Let me change my clothes first.
W: OK. I’ll get my phone.
Text 7
M: April was my busiest month ever. Last month, our company finished three big projects and I had only two days
off. I even had to work late into the night. To be honest, I kind of regret joining this company.
W: Oh, poor you. I traveled to Japan for half a month in April.
M: I really envy you. Well, I heard that you just got back from Britain.
W: Yes. My cousin got married last week, so I went to his wedding ceremony.
M: You mean Jack He’s two years younger than me. I can’t believe he’s married.
W: Yeah. Well, I got some English tea for you. I hope you’ll like it.
M: Thank you so much. In return, this dinner is on me today. You can order anything you like.
W: OK.
Text 8
W: Hello, this is Amy speaking.
M: Oh, hi, Amy. How is your apartment
W: Well, that’s what I’m calling about. I’ve decided to move. You know a lot about the housing situation around the college. Can you keep an eye on some apartments for rent
M: Of course. But what’s wrong with the apartment you live in I remember you’re happy with the rent.
W: It’s not the rent and I can accept that the apartment is a little far away from college. But the traffic near my apartment is killing me. I’ve been late several times. I really regret not choosing the apartment you recommended.
M: Don’t worry. I’ll start looking for apartments from tomorrow. I’ll call you if I find something suitable.
W: You always give me a hand. I really appreciate it.
Text 9
M: Mom, look, the monkeys are eating bananas. And the elephants are bathing in the river. They look so happy.
W: You’ve watched this program many times. Aren’t you bored And it’s ten days before the end of the summer vacation. You promised to finish your homework by next Thursday. I think you should get started.
M: Oh, today is Saturday. I guess I won’t make it.
W: I’ll give you one more day. Is that alright
M: OK. I’ll start doing my homework this evening. Mom, what’s your plan for tomorrow
W: I have a day off tomorrow, so I’ll meet my friends and talk with them over coffee. I haven’t seen them for three months.
M: That’s a good plan. You really need to relax, Mom. You’ve been so tired lately.
W:You are right.
M: So can I invite Mark over tomorrow to do homework together He is the best at math in my class. I can ask him if I don’t understand anything.
W:Sure.
M: Great. I’ll call him right now.
Text 10
A city is rising from the waters of the Indian Ocean. The floating city, big enough to house 20,000 people, is being built. It will consist of 5,000 floating units including houses, restaurants, shops and schools. Residents will start to move in early 2025, and the whole city will be completed by 2027. The project is not meant as a wild experiment or a futuristic vision. It’s intended as a practical solution to the harsh reality of sea level rise. The Maldives is made up of 1,190 low-lying islands. 80% of its land area is less than one meter above sea level. And with levels projected to rise up to a meter by the end of the century, almost the entire country could be under water. But if a city floats, it can rise with the sea. This is “new hope” for more than half a million people of the Maldives, said Koen Olthuis, the founder of Water studio, the architecture firm that designed the city. His mother’s side of the family was shipbuilders and his father came from a line of architects and engineers, so he said that it seemed natural to combine the two.
写作评分标准
一、应用文评分原则
1. 本题总分为 15分,按五个档次进行评分。
2. 评分时,应主要从内容、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑,具体为:
(1)对内容要点的覆盖情况以及表述的清楚程度和合理性。
(2)使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
(3)上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3.评分时,先根据作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量, 确定或调整档次,最后给分。
4. 评分时还应注意:
(1)词数少于 60个的,酌情扣分。
(2)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面,评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑 。
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
(3)书写较差以致影响交际的,酌情扣分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档(13—15分)
—覆盖了所有内容要点,表述清楚、合理。
—使用了多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构,可能有个别小错,但完全不影响理解。
—有效地使用了语句间衔接手段,全文结构清晰,意义连贯。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档(10—12分)
—覆盖了所有内容要点,表述比较清楚、合理。
—使用了比较多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构,可能有些许错误,但不影响理解。
— 比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段,全文结构比较清晰,意义比较连贯。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档(7—9分)
—覆盖了大部分内容要点,有个别地方表述不够清楚、合理。
—使用了简单的词汇和语法结构,有一些错误或不恰当之处,但基本不影响理解。
—基本有效地使用了语句间衔接手段,全文结构基本清晰,意义基本连贯。
基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档(4—6分)
—遗漏或未清楚表述一些内容要点 , 或一些内容与写作目的不相关。
—所使用的词汇有限,语法结构单调,错误较多,影响理解。
—几乎不能有效地使用语句间衔接手段,全文结构不够清晰,意义不够连贯。
未能达到预期的写作目的。
第一档(1—3分)
—遗漏或未清楚表述大部分内容要点 , 或大部分内容与写作目的不相关。
—所使用的词汇有限,语法结构单调,错误很多,严重影响理解。
—几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段,全文结构不清晰,意义不连贯。
完全未达到预期的写作目的。
零分
未作答;所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判;所写内容与题目要求完全不相关。
一、读后续写评分原则
1. 本题总分为 25分,按五个档次进行评分。
2. 评分时,应主要从内容、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑,具体为:
(1)创造内容的质量,续写的完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。
(2)使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
(3)上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3.评分时,先根据作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量 , 确定或调整档次,最后给分。
4. 评分时还应注意:
(1)词数少于 120个的,酌情扣分。
(2)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面,评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑 。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
(3)书写较差以致影响交际的,酌情扣分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档(21—25分)
—创造了丰富、合理的内容,富有逻辑性,续写完整,与原文情境融洽度高。
—使用了多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构,可能有个别小错,但完全不影响理解。
—有效地使用了语句间衔接手段,全文结构清晰,意义连贯。
第四档(16—20分)
—创造了比较丰富、合理的内容,比较有逻辑性,续写比较完整,与原文情境融洽度较高。
—使用了比较多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构,可能有些许错误,但不影响理解。
— 比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段,全文结构比较清晰,意义比较连贯。
第三档(11—15分)
—创造了基本合理的内容,有一定的逻辑性,续写基本完整,与原文情境相关。
—使用了简单的词汇和语法结构,有一些错误或不恰当之处,但基本不影响理解。
—基本有效地使用了语句间衔接手段,全文结构基本清晰,意义基本连贯。
第二档(6—10分)
— 内容或逻辑上有一些重大问题,续写不够完整,与原文情境有一定程度脱节。
—所使用的词汇有限,语法结构单调,错误较多,影响理解。
—未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段,全文结构不够清晰,意义不够连贯。
第一档(1—5分)
— 内容或逻辑上有较多重大问题,或有部分内容抄自原文,续写不完整,与原文情境基本脱节。
—所使用的词汇有限,语法结构单调,错误很多,严重影响理解 。
—几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段,全文结构不清晰,意义不连贯。
零分
未作答;所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判;所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完 全不相关。
a

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