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高考题型组合练
作业36　四选一阅读＋七选五阅读
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·山东青岛一模)
Monet：The Immersive(沉浸式) Experience
Monet：The Immersive Experience in Liège invites you to step into the world of the French painter Claude Monet，one of the greatest artistic geniuses of the nineteenth century!
Explore some of the most breathtaking paintings by Claude Monet with the help of a digital 360-degree presentation.The unique exhibition concept is staged with ①state-of-the-art multimedia technology，which shows very large images of Monet’s paintings on the walls and floors of the building.It has music，the smell of flowers，and ②voice-over in several languages to make the paintings ③come alive in a way never seen before.
To fully get into the world of the French painter，visitors are guided through three experience rooms.Each room is a ④highlight on its own and provides visitors not only with an insight，but also with new experiences and new viewpoints on Monet’s life，his work and his masterpieces.
Practical info
·Date：from March 2024
·Opening hours：
Wednesday，Thursday：10：00 am－7：00 pm
Friday：10：00 am－8：00 pm
Saturday：9：00 am－8：00 pm
Sunday：9：00 am－7：00 pm
Monday and Tuesday：closed
·Duration：the visit will take around 60 to 75 minutes
·Location：Eglise Saint-Pholien，Rue Saint-Pholien,4020 Liège
·Please consult the FAQs of this experience here
1．How does the exhibition help visitors explore Monet’s paintings
A．It uses digital technology.
B．It gives lectures on art.
C．It offers stages to visitors.
D．It provides language services.
2．What will visitors experience in the three rooms
A．An exploration on French art.
B．An introductory tour of painters.
C．A unique journey to Monet’s world.
D．An encounter with Monet-inspired artworks.
3．Which of the following is a recommended visiting time
A．11：30 am(Wednesday，February 21)．
B．10：00 am(Tuesday，March 19)．
C．7：30 pm(Thursday，March 28)．
D．4：00 pm(Sunday，March 7)．
语境猜词
①state-of-the-art(合)＝state＋of＋the＋art
②voice-over(合)＝voice＋over
③come alive
④highlight(合)＝high＋light
B
(2024·湖南益阳三模)
College professors these days face an ever-higher ①bar to grab the attention of their students，forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls.But when your professor is a social media star，it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimova，who teaches physics at Texas A & M University，has managed to get her students，as well as future generations，excited about the science.Known as “Dr.Tatiana” to her students and online fan base，the professor performs physics tricks with ②boundless energy and enthusiasm.Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have ③racked up hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms.
In the kid-friendly videos，Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments，from ping-pong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows，bicycle wheels and hair dryers.She ④credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success.“This is just one of our ways to connect with people to make physics accessible to people，” she tells NPR.As part of the physics department’s extensive ⑤outreach program，she also puts on shows almost every week teaching physics to K-12 students.“The sooner kids are taught physics and taught it well，the better，” she says.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science.But it wasn’t always that way.When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago，she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students.She was used to teaching juniors，as she had for a few years prior to that.But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students，first impressions are make or break.
“I did not grab their attention on the first day—that was my mistake，” she says.“I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning，and then it took me a while to find my voice.”
By the second semester，she found her footing，tweaking her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller，and get her students engaged.The key，she says，has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal.
4．What is the main challenge faced by college professors in large lecture halls
A．Competition with smartphones and laptops.
B．Limited resources for teaching materials.
C．Inadequate support from the university.
D．Lack of interest from students.
5．What role does the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimova’s social media success
A．Encouraging students to use social media.
B．Creating social media accounts for her.
C．Producing videos of her physics lessons.
D．Promoting weekly teaching programs.
6．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Erukhimova’s junior students in paragraph 4
A．To review her teaching plans.
B．To show an application of her idea.
C．To highlight the differences of teaching.
D．To erase doubts about her approaches.
7．What lesson did Tatiana Erukhimova learn when she initially started teaching college freshman
A．The importance of establishing a personal connection with students.
B．The significance of focusing on junior-level students.
C．The effectiveness of traditional teaching methods.
D．The need for advanced teaching materials.
语境猜词
①bar
②boundless(派)＝bound＋less
③rack up
④credit (转)n.→v.
⑤outreach(合)＝out ＋reach
C
(2024·福建漳州三模)
The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size，as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures，a leading fossil expert has said.
Professor Steve Brusatte，a palaeontologist at the University of Edinburgh，suggested that the way in which other mammals have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future.He compared the potential problem of people as similar to that of early horses，which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55 million years ago.
Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals，Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas，an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule.“The reasons are not entirely understood，but it is probably，in part，because smaller animals have a higher surface area ①relative to their volume than bigger animals and can thus improve the dissipation of the extra heat，” he writes.
Brusatte said that becoming smaller was “a common way that mammals deal with climate change”．He added，“That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller，but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures rise pretty quickly.That does raise the question：If temperatures do rise really quickly，might humans get smaller And I think that’s certainly ②reasonable.”
However，not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink.Professor Adrian Lister of the Natural History Museum in London said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak.“We are not really controlled by natural selection，” he said.“If that was going to happen，you’d need to find large people dying before they could ③reproduce because of climate warming.That is not happening in today’s world.We wear clothes，we have got heating，we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.”
8．What does the underlined word “dissipation” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Exchange. B．Formation.
C．Absorption. D．Emission.
9．How do mammals cope with climate change according to Brusatte
A．By moving to colder regions.
B．By reducing their body sizes.
C．By losing their weight.
D．By adjusting their diet.
10．What is Adrian Lister’s attitude towards the recent study
A．Worried. B．Objective.
C．Skeptical. D．Approving.
11．What is the best title for this text
A．The Threat of Climate Change to Human Survival
B．The Impact of Climate Change on Mammal Body Sizes
C．The Evolutionary Trends in Mammal Body Sizes
D．The Adaptive Strategies of Mammals to Climate Change
语境猜词
①relative to...
②reasonable(派)＝reason＋able
③reproduce(派)＝re＋produce
D
(2024·河北衡水一模)
Nir Eyal was part of a team of Stanford MBAs and also one of the brightest investors in Silicon Valley.He documented his experiences，reading and observations of hundreds of companies to know how mind manipulation(操纵) worked—how products change our actions，and create desires.The result of his research is the Hook Model.
A trigger is the actuator of behavior.Triggers come in two types: external and internal.Habit-forming products start by alerting users with external triggers like an email，a website link，or the app icon.For example，suppose Barbra，a young woman in Pennsylvania，happens to see a photo in her Facebook taken by a family member from a rural part of the state.It’s a lovely picture and since she is planning a trip there，the external trigger’s ①call-to-action intrigues her and she clicks.By cycling through ②successive hooks，users begin to form associations with internal triggers，which attach to existing behaviors and emotions.
The simple action takes Barbra to a website called Pinterest，a “pinboard-style photo sharing” site where she is dazzled by other fascinating objects related to what she is generally interested in—namely things to see on her upcoming trip.
③Variable rewards are one of the most powerful tools companies implement to ④hook users.Research shows that levels of the dopamine(多巴胺) rise when the brain is expecting a reward.Wanting rewards creates a focused state，which suppresses the areas of the brain associated with judgment and reason while activating the parts associated with wanting and desire.
When Barbra ⑤lands on Pinterest，she’s spending more time hunting for the next wonderful thing.Before she knows it，she enjoys endlessly scrolling Pinterest，and she builds a desire to keep the things that delight her.By collecting items，she’ll be giving the site data about her preferences.Soon she will follow and make other investments，which serve to increase her ties to the site and prepare her for future loops through the hook.
12．What did Eyal’s research focus on
A．His personal experiences.
B．His findings of Hook Model.
C．His observations of companies.
D．His researches on human brain.
13．What drives Barbra to access Pinterest
A．The website has a unique style.
B．A photo in her Facebook attracts her.
C．External and internal triggers both work on her.
D．There is a lot of information about her upcoming trip.
14．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A．How a reward works.
B．How the brain works.
C．Why the levels of dopamine rise.
D．What influences judgment and reason.
15．How did Pinterest hook Barbra
A．By suggesting on investments.
B．By offering appealing discounts.
C．By learning about her preferences.
D．By making workable plans for her future.
语境猜词
①call-to-action
②successive(派)＝success＋ive
③variable(派)＝vary＋able
④hook(转)n.→v.
⑤land(转)n.→v.
Ⅱ.七选五阅读(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·山东济宁一模)
Recently，I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. 1 So，today，I want to introduce a very simple tool—the MicroMOVEment Wheel.It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it.
2 She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals.While it was originally aimed at writers，you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.
3 Here’s how it works.Take a blank ①sheet of paper and draw a large circle，and then another smaller circle in the middle.In the central circle，write down what you are inspired to achieve.Remember，journalling does not need to feel like a
chore in your day.So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising. 4 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments.Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length.So，in the case of journalling，that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting，on any given day.
Let’s say you’re new to journalling.By setting aside five minutes out of your day，you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 5 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.When you keep the steps small，it will become ②doable and achievable.
A．Next，divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts.
B．It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK.
C．There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling.
D．Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses.
E．Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious.
F．Then，list any associated words，images or thoughts that are generated by the word.
G．The core of this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps.
语境猜词
①sheet熟义：n.床单
生义(文义)：
②doable(派)＝do＋able
语境猜词答案 Ⅰ.A.①adj.应用最先进技术的；最先进的　②n.解说，画外音　③生动起来　④n.最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分 B．①n.障碍　②adj.无限的；无穷的　③累计获得 ④认为是……的功劳；把……归于 ⑤n.外展服务 C．①与……相比；相对于　②adj.合理的 ③v.生育；繁殖 D．①行动号召；行为召唤　②adj.连续的；相继的；接连的　③adj.多变的　④吸引　⑤登陆 Ⅱ.①n.一张　②adj.可做的，可行的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Explore some of the most breathtaking paintings by Claude Monet with the help of a digital 360-degree presentation.”可知，这个展览通过数字技术帮助游客探索莫奈的画作。故选A。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段“To fully get into the world of the French painter，...with new experiences and new viewpoints on Monet’s life，his work and his masterpieces.”可知，游客们在三个体验室可以体验一次独特的莫奈世界之旅。故选C。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据Practical info部分的“Date：from March 2024”和“Opening hours：Wednesday，Thursday：10：00 am－7：00 pm，Friday：10：00 am－8：00 pm，Saturday：9：00 am－8：00 pm，Sunday：9：00 am－7：00 pm，Monday and Tuesday：closed”可知，3月7日，星期天下午4点可以参观。故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学物理系教授Tatiana Erukhimova通过社交媒体平台激发学生对科学的热情。
4．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students，forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls.”可知，大学教授在大型演讲厅面临的主要挑战是与智能手机和笔记本电脑的竞争。故选A。]
5．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success.”可知，她把她在社交媒体平台上的成功归功于大学营销团队对她课程视频的录制。故选C。]
6．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“When she first started teaching...But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students，first impressions are make or break.”可推知，作者在第四段中提到Erukhimova教的大三学生的目的是突出教学的差异。故选C。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Tatiana Erukhimova刚开始教大学新生时，并没有在上课第一天就抓住学生们的注意力，错过了与学生建立联系的机会，她认为那是自己的失误，即她当时明白了与学生建立个人联系的重要性。故选A。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。爱丁堡大学古生物学家史蒂夫·布鲁萨特教授称，气候危机可能导致人类体型缩小，也有专家对此观点表示怀疑。
8．D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than bigger animals and can thus improve...”和下文“of the extra heat”并结合常识和前缀dis-可推知，体型较小的动物比体型较大的动物更容易散热，所以画线词的意思是“散发”，与D项意思相近。故选D。]
9．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Brusatte said that becoming smaller was ‘a common way that mammals deal with climate change’．”可知，根据布鲁萨特的说法，哺乳动物通过缩小体型来应对气候变化。故选B。]
10．C　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Professor Adrian Lister...said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak.”以及下文可知，Adrian Lister对最近的研究持怀疑态度。故选C。]
11．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第一段“The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size，as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures，a leading fossil expert has said.”可知，本文探讨了气候变化对哺乳动物尤其是人类的体型的影响。B项符合主题，故选B。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了“上瘾模型” Hook Model 通过触发 Trigger 、行动 Action 、奖励 Reward 、投入 Investment 四个阶段的循环，形成用户的习惯。
12．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The result of his research is the Hook Model.”可知，Eyal的研究重点在于发现“上瘾”模型。故选B。]
13．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“这是一幅可爱的图片，因为她正计划去那里旅行，外部触发器的行动召唤引起了她的兴趣，她点击了。通过循环浏览连续的感兴趣的内容，用户开始与内部触发器形成联系，这些触发器附加到现有的行为和情感上”可知，外部和内部触发都促使Barbra访问Pinterest。故选C。]
14．A　[段落大意题。根据第四段第二、三句“研究表明，当大脑期待奖励时，多巴胺的水平会上升。想要奖励会产生一种专注的状态，这种状态会抑制大脑中与判断和理智相关的区域，同时激活与想要和欲望相关的部分”可知，第四段主要讲述奖励是如何奏效的。故选A。]
15．C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“通过收集项目，她将向网站提供有关她偏好的数据。很快，她将跟随并进行其他投入，这有助于增加她与该网站的联系，并为她未来的循环做准备”可知，Pinterest通过了解Barbra的喜好来吸引她。故选C。]
Ⅱ.1.D　2.B　3.G　4.A　5.F作业37　四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：40分)
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
(2024·河北邯郸三模)
Why do children learn so quickly Is it simply a necessity，or is a child’s brain more capable of taking in new information than an adult’s brain
“It is a common way of thinking that ‘children are like sponges’ and have the magical ability to learn new skills faster than an adult，but there are some misconceptions here，” said Debbie Raven，a researcher at the University of Chester.“A child’s cognitive(认知的) development is age-related and，naturally，children perform worse than their older peers in most areas.However，there are times when being young brings an advantage，and this is especially true around their earliest years.”
This advantage is largely due to neuroplasticity，meaning the brain’s ability to form and change its connections，pathways and wiring based on experiences.Neuroplasticity is what gives children the capacity to learn—and，if necessary，unlearn—habits，routines，approaches and actions very quickly.This ability is most constant and rapid before a child’s fifth birthday，when much of what they encounter or experience is novel.“This ability to learn quickly is connected to several areas，including plasticity，their experiences with adults，their environment，and their biological drive to explore，”Raven said.“Childhood is a place where children spend their time catching up with adults’ more sophisticated abilities.”
Language learning，in particular，is an area where children often have a huge advantage over adults.This is largely because babies are able to tune in to the rhythm and sounds used in their native language，and can therefore become fluent speakers by the age of four.“This ability can help young children learn a second or third language with apparent ease，”Raven said.
In a research paper，the authors suggest that “human babies are born seeing and hearing linguistic information that older children and adults miss，although they lose this ability with more experience in their environments”．Moreover，babies can “discriminate speech sounds and tones used in all of the world’s languages，making them open to all input，regardless of the linguistic environment they are born into”．
1．Why does Raven make the remarks in paragraph 2
A．To prove a new theory.
B．To share personal experience.
C．To correct a wrong belief.
D．To solve long-held confusion.
2．What’s one feature of “neuroplasticity”？
A．It enables children to break a habit quickly.
B．It accompanies a person all through his life.
C．It is entirely based on a kid’s past experiences.
D．It disappears soon after a child’s fifth birthday.
3．What impacts kids’ quick learning ability according to Raven
A．Their brain structure.
B．Their habits and routines.
C．Their parents’ experiences.
D．Their inborn desire to explore.
4．What does the author mainly talk about in the last two paragraphs
A．Why children are talented language learners.
B．What are the proper ways of learning languages.
C．When is the best time to learn foreign languages.
D．How environments can influence language learning.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·广东佛山二模)
At graduation ceremonies，it’s common to see parents proudly cheering and clapping for their kids.But have you ever seen it 1 the other way around A heart-warming viral video shows a little girl named Shivaee 2 rooting for her dad during his graduation ceremony.
The video shows Shivaee’s dad，Aashish，walking up to the stage to 3 his master’s degree certificate from Teesside University in England.As the then 34-year-old 4 the stage，Shivaee shouts，“Congratulations，Daddy！” stimulating 5 from those in the room.
The dad， 6 by the act，replies，“I love you.” and blows her a kiss.Excited to 7 a moment with her dad，she replies，“I love you，Daddy！” His smile grows even wider，and he looks deeply moved when his 8 is announced and he joins the rest of the 9 on the stage.
“This ceremony would have been 10 without my princess，” Aashish wrote on social media.“Her 11 spread through the silent ceremony hall，my heart melted along with all the others present. 12 the graduation award，I felt ‘Being father to my daughter’ is the biggest 13 to me.”
Shivaee was barely 3 years old when the video was taken in 2022.That makes the 14 even more sweet，and it’s something her dad will never forget.He added，“This was the cutest moment during my whole graduation ceremony.It would stay 15 forever.”
1．A.show B．happen
C．change D．return
2．A.secretly B．patiently
C．shyly D．loudly
3．A.pick up B．show off
C．apply for D．hand out
4．A.observes B．decorates
C．occupies D．approaches
5．A.laughter B．encouragement
C．suspicion D．opposition
6．A.confused B．embarrassed
C．relieved D．touched
7．A.share B．imagine
C．choose D．recollect
8．A.news B．name
C．plan D．prize
9．A.professors B．audiences
C．graduates D．kids
10．A.complex B．special
C．incomplete D．unbearable
11．A.words B．story
C．ideas D．optimism
12．A.Thanks to B．Regardless of
C．Rather than D．As for
13．A.challenge B．achievement
C．opportunity D．contribution
14．A.father B．dream
C．girl D．scene
15．A.popular B．awake
C．alive D．hopeful
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·河北沧州一模)
The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket，developed by Chinese privately-owned aerospace company LandSpace,1.____________(launch) into space on December 9th,2023 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center，taking three satellites into orbit.
It is the second successful flight for the company with the ZQ-2 series rocket，the 2.___________________(late) example of Chinese privately-owned aerospace companies sending satellites into orbit.The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the 3.__________________(plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth，further highlighting the 4. (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket，and also 5. (mark) a step forward for the company and China’s commercial aerospace industry.
The ZQ-2 Y3 has 6. total length of 49.5 meters，which is capable of placing a 1.5-ton payload into a typical sun-synchronous orbit at about 500 kilometers above the Earth.Future models could ultimately increase the payload to four tons,7. can facilitate the deployment(部署) of low earth orbit satellites and cargo spacecraft.
Now China is home 8. world-class enterprises in the fields of raw materials，electronic information，and equipment required for rocket manufacturing(制造).9.____________________(obvious)，the rapid development of China’s commercial aerospace companies and the domestically developed rockets with cost advantages 10. (benefit) China’s Internet constellation(互联网星座) construction plan greatly in the future.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了孩子们学得快的原因，并解释了他们为什么在语言学习领域有天赋。
1．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘It is a common way of thinking...but there are some misconceptions here’．..A child’s cognitive(认知的) development is age-related and，naturally，children perform worse than their older peers in most areas.”可知，研究员黛比·拉文发表评论是为了纠正一个错误的认识——孩子有比成年人更快地学习新技能的神奇能力。而实际上孩子的认知发展与年龄有关。故选C。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Neuroplasticity is what gives children the capacity to learn—and，if necessary，unlearn—habits，routines，approaches and actions very quickly.”可知，“神经可塑性”的一个特点是它能使孩子们很快改掉一个习惯。故选A。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘This ability to learn quickly...and their biological drive to explore，’ Raven said.”可知，拉文认为，孩子与生俱来的探索欲望影响了孩子的快速学习能力。故选D。]
4．A　[段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“Language learning，in particular，is an area where children often have a huge advantage over adults.This is largely because...”以及最后一段的“In a research paper...although they lose this ability with more experience in their environments.”可知，作者在最后两段主要讲到为什么孩子在语言学习领域往往比成年人具有巨大优势，即为什么孩子是有天赋的语言学习者。故选A。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了34岁的父亲Aashish在领取硕士学位证书的毕业典礼上，年仅3岁的女儿Shivaee大声祝贺他，让Aashish十分感动和暖心。
1．B　[空前it指代上文“At graduation ceremonies，it’s common to see parents proudly cheering and clapping for their kids.”这一情况，此处指相反的情况发生，故选B。]
2．D　[根据下文“rooting for her dad”和“Shivaee shouts，‘Congratulations，Daddy！’”可知，Shivaee大声为父亲加油。故选D。]
3．A　[pick up捡起，领取；show off炫耀；apply for申请；hand out分发。根据空后“his master’s degree certificate from Teesside University in England”可知，此处指Aashish领取他在英国提赛德大学获得的硕士学位证书。故选A。]
4．D　[根据上文“Aashish，walking up to the stage”以及句意可知，此处指当时34岁的Aashish走近舞台。故选D。]
5．A　[suspicion怀疑；opposition反对。根据上文“Congratulations，Daddy！”并结合选项可知，她大声祝贺父亲的话引得众人大笑。故选A。]
6．D　[根据下文“he looks deeply moved...”可知，父亲被女儿的举动感动。touch与move是同义词复现。故选D。]
7．A　[recollect回忆。根据上文Shivaee祝贺父亲获得学位以及下文“she replies，‘I love you，Daddy！’”可知，她和父亲分享了毕业的时刻，故选A。]
8．B　[根据上文“his master’s degree certificate from Teesside University”以及下文“is announced”可知，Aashish要领取毕业证书，所以是被叫到名字。故选B。]
9．C　[graduate毕业生。根据上文“his master’s degree certificate from Teesside University”可知，当时在领取毕业证书，所以是加入了其他毕业生。故选C。]
10．C　[根据下文“without my princess”可知，Aashish认为没有自己的女儿在场，仪式就不完整了。故选C。]
11．A　[根据上文“Shivaee shouts，‘Congratulations，Daddy！’”以及“she replies，‘I love you，Daddy！’”可知，此处指女儿的话传遍了寂静的仪式大厅，故选A。]
12．C　[thanks to由于；regardless of不管；rather than而不是；as for至于。根据下文“I felt ‘Being father to my daughter’ is the biggest”可知，Aashish认为做女儿的父亲比拿到毕业奖重要。故选C。]
13．B　[根据上文可知，34岁的Aashish拿到了硕士学位证书，但是比起这个，他认为做女儿的父亲才是自己最大的成就。故选B。]
14．D　[根据下文“This was the cutest moment during my whole graduation ceremony”可知，当时年仅三岁的Shivaee让场景更加甜蜜了。故选D。]
15．C　[alive继续存在；hopeful有希望的。根据上文“it’s something her dad will never forget”可知，Aashish不会忘记这一刻，即这一刻在他心里永存。故选C。]
Ⅲ.1.was launched　2.latest　3.planned　4.maturity
5．marking　6.a　7.which　8.to　9.Obviously
10．will benefit　作业38　应用文写作＋读后续写
Ⅰ.应用文写作(告知信)(满分15分)
(2024·山东青岛一模)
假定你是李华，你校今年开设了蔬菜栽培、手工艺(handcraft)等实践课程。请你给外国好友John写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．你的参与情况；2.你的体会。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
(2024·广东佛山二模)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Mom，please，” Anna begged eagerly.“Please，let me do it by myself！” She had never made cookies by herself before，but at the age of nine，she felt capable of handling many things.Her friends had been baking cupcakes for a year.Yet，it seemed her parents had little faith in her.
“Anna is going to make cookies Alone？” her brother，Carl，asked with a laugh.“That is going to be disaster！” Carl used big words to act smarter than Anna.Having a big brother could be annoying.Admittedly，Anna always appeared clumsy.But that was before she turned nine.She thought her parents should realize she would do better now.
At her words，a flash of uncertainty crossed her parents’ faces.Would they agree Holding her breath，she had waited for what seemed like ages.Surprisingly，Mom nodded，saying，“Okay，but please be careful，and remember to take a look at the cookbook first.”
Fueled by determination，Anna raced to the kitchen.With each step，there was a sense of purpose and confidence growing within her.She had already done it with Mom a million times before.Putting the cookbook aside，she got down to baking cookies from memory，breaking eggs，dropping a cold stick of butter，adding salt and then...um...yes，mixing it well! Using a mixer was easy.She turned on the mixer at the medium speed—and whoa.Whoa.Whoa! Butter splattered(飞溅) everywhere，making the kitchen in a mess.Collecting herself，she turned back to the mixing bowl and started again.This time with softer butter.
Anna placed rounded spoonfuls of mixture onto the cookie pan and put it into the oven(烤炉)．Within a few minutes，a fantastic smell filled the kitchen—the smell of cookie success! She was going to silence all those doubts.No more eye-rolling from her big brother.No more “You’re too young，Anna” from her parents.She believed she had grown up and became mature enough to be relied on.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
The moment Anna pulled the pan out of the oven，Carl stepped into the kitchen.
Now she decided to have another try，carefully following the cookbook.
答案精析
Ⅰ.参考范文
Dear John，
For the sake of developing students’ hands-on skills and helping them appreciate the value of labour，our school has launched varieties of practical courses，such as vegetable planting and handcrafts.I’m extremely delighted to share this experience with you.
Exhausting but rewarding，planting vegetables benefited me enormously，during which I engaged in and witnessed the whole eggplants growing process.What’s more，under the guidance of professional craftsmen，I was absorbed in creating refined conventional Chinese artworks，such as paper-cutting，Chinese knot，clay figures and so on.This experience has been eye-opening，giving me a deeper appreciation of our cultural heritage.
Not only did the courses teach me valuable skills but they also instilled a greater respect for nature and tradition in me.I can’t wait to show you some of the crafts I’ve made and perhaps share some fresh vegetables when you visit!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.参考范文
The moment Anna pulled the pan out of the oven，Carl stepped into the kitchen.There was a smug grin on his face.“Well，well，well，Anna，it seems your cooking adventure ended in disaster，just as I predicted，” he teased with superiority.Anna’s heart sank as she surveyed the misshapen burnt cookies on the tray.She had underestimated the importance of measuring ingredients accurately，resulting in an unappetizing mess.Carl’s mocking laughter echoed in her ears，fueling her frustration and disappointment.She knew her failure resulted from her ignoring the cookbook.
Now she decided to have another try，carefully following the cookbook.Determined to redeem herself，Anna carefully measured each ingredient，ensuring precision in every step of the process and taking care to avoid the mistakes of her previous attempt.After twenty minutes，Anna opened the oven door to reveal perfectly golden-brown cookies.Her parents’ eyes were filled with pride and admiration.Even Carl couldn’t hide his astonishment.At that moment，Anna realized success wasn’t just about baking perfect cookies；it was about believing in herself and being meticulous in everything she does.作业39　四选一阅读＋七选五阅读
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·山东聊城一模)
Books That Can Help Teens Manage Anxiety
Children experience anxiety differently from adults，and it also looks different in each child.Fortunately，books can serve as tools for guiding children through the anxious thoughts and feelings they may experience.The following are four books that can help children effectively manage their anxiety.
The Healthy Coping Coloring Book and Journal by Pooky Knightsmith
This coloring book is specifically designed for children aged 8 to 14 and activities range from coloring to journaling and drawing，all of which are developed to help children deal with troubling situations.The different activities can be beneficial for ①self-expression.
Please Explain Anxiety to Me! by Laurie E．Zelinger and Jordan Zelinger
Written by psychologists，this story breaks down both the physical and emotional symptoms of anxiety.The story compares the natural anxiety kids feel to dinosaurs fearing being threatened in the wild.It explains that some anxiety (for example，a dinosaur’s anxiety about being eaten) can be our body’s way of protecting us from threats.
Sea Otter Cove by Lori Lite
This is a book that teaches children how to use proper breathing techniques to calm down，lower stress，and control anger.Through ②playful sea otters and other delightful characters in the book，children get to experience belly breathing.This effective，self-calming technique is also known as diaphragmatic breathing or deep breathing.
The Worry Glasses by Donalisa Helsley
This book is about a little girl named MJ.It tells the story of how she learns to defeat her worries.All through the story，her wonderful ③counselor Miss Jessica patiently helps her.The book includes a list of exercises designed to relieve kids’ anxiety.It also offers tips to parents and adults who live with anxious children.
1．What’s the common ground of the activities in Pooky Knightsmith’s book
A．Encouraging children to express anxiety.
B．Helping children increase intelligence.
C．Measuring children’s mental health.
D．Inspiring children’s artistic talent.
2．What method does Lori Lite offer to lower anxiety levels
A．Journal writing. B．Controlling anger.
C．Belly breathing. D．Holding breath.
3．Which of the four books introduces some work-out to manage anxiety
A．The Healthy Coping Coloring Book and Journal
B．Please Explain Anxiety to Me!
C．Sea Otter Cove
D．The Worry Glasses
语境猜词
①self-expression(合)＝self-＋expression
②playful(派)＝play＋-ful
③counselor(派)＝counsel＋-or
B
(2024·广东湛江二模)
Lexi is just a little girl from Canada who found herself in a ①heart-stopping situation.It started off as a normal car trip.Angela Shymanski，Lexi’s mom，was at the wheel，navigating the ②tricky roads of the Rockies with her daughter Lexi and her baby Peter in the car.An unexpected animal ran into the road.Angela swerved(突然转向) to avoid the animal.Unfortunately，their car was off the road，falling down a steep embankment(路堤)．
The crash was ③nothing short of terrifying.Angela ended up with a broken back.She was unconscious，and unable to help her babies.Meanwhile，baby Peter’s cries echoed in the chaos.But Lexi，only five years old，didn’t freeze.Instead，she showed courage that would leave many grown-ups in awe.
She quickly ④jumped into action.The little girl，without even shoes on her feet，wrestled free from her seatbelt and climbed the 40-foot embankment.Once she reached the top，Lexi did everything she could to ⑤flag down a passing car in order to get help for her mom and brother.
Lexi’s insistence finally paid off.A car stopped，and the people inside didn’t hesitate to help her call for emergency services.When the paramedics(护理人员) arrived，they found Angela in a severe state，and her heart had stopped.Thankfully，they managed to bring her back.
Lexi’s dad，reflecting on the incident，couldn’t help but be amazed by his daughter’s bravery.He stressed how important it is for kids to be prepared for emergencies，shocked at how Lexi remembered and acted on what she had been taught.It’s a powerful reminder of what kids can do ⑥when push comes to shove.
And Lexi’s heroism didn’t go unnoticed.She was awarded a Bronze Medal for Bravery by the police.But for the Shymanskis，the real prize was being back in each other’s arms，safe and sound.
4．What caused the accident
A．The tough road.
B．The children’s noise.
C．A car that suddenly swerved.
D．An animal appearing suddenly.
5．What was Lexi’s first move after the accident
A．Putting on her shoes.
B．Managing to get out of the car.
C．Flagging down a passing car.
D．Scaling the 40-foot embankment.
6．What can we learn about Lexi from paragraph 5
A．Her heroic action deserved recognition.
B．Her dad knew her daughter well enough.
C．She had learned how to deal with emergencies.
D．It was important for her to face some emergencies.
7．Which of the following can best describe Lexi
A．Brave and honest.
B．Calm and courageous.
C．Thoughtful but stubborn.
D．Caring but naughty.
语境猜词
①heart-stopping(合)＝heart＋stop＋ing
②tricky(派)＝trick＋y
③nothing short of...
④jump into action
⑤flag down
⑥when push comes to shove
C
(2024·广东韶关二模)
Would a person born blind，who has learned to distinguish objects by touch，be able to recognize them purely by sight if he ①regained the ability to see The question，known as Molyneux’s problem，is about whether the human mind has a ②built-in concept of shapes that is so ③inborn that a blind person could immediately recognize an object with restored vision.Alternatively，the concepts of shapes are not inborn but have to be learned by exploring an object through sight，touch and other senses.
After their attempt to test it in blind children failed，Lars Chittka of Queen Mary University of London and his team carried out another experiment on bumblebees.To test whether bumblebees can form an internal representation of objects，they first trained the insects to distinguish globes from cubes using a sugar reward.The bees were first trained in the light，where they could see but not touch the objects.Then they were tested in the dark，where they could touch but not see the items.The researchers found that the insects spent more time in contact with the shape they had been trained to associate with the sugar reward，even though they had to rely on touch rather than sight to distinguish the objects.
The researchers also did the opposite test with ④untrained bumblebees，first teaching them with rewards in the dark and then testing them in the light.Again，the bees were able to recognize the shape associated with the sugar reward，though they had to rely on sight rather than touch in the test.In short，bees have solved Molyneux’s problem because the fact suggests that they can ⑤picture object features and access them through sight or touch.
However，some experts express their warnings against the result.Jonathan Birch，a philosopher of science，cautions that the bees may have had prior experience associating visual and tactile(触觉) information about straight edges and curved surfaces in their nests.
8．What is Molyneux’s problem about
A．Whether mankind’s sense of touch outweighs sight.
B．Whether mankind’s idea of shape is inborn or learned.
C．Whether blind people can identify the shape of an item.
D．Whether the blind can regain their sense of touch after recovery.
9．How did Lars Chittka and his colleagues try to figure out Molyneux’s problem
A．By experimentation on blind children.
B．By conducting controlled experiments.
C．By rewarding bumblebees with sugar.
D．By observing bumblebees in their nests.
10．What is Jonathan Birch’s attitude towards the conclusion of the bee experiments
A．Skeptical. B．Supportive.
C．Dismissive. D．Ambiguous.
11．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A．Scientists Found Senses Matter
B．Visual-Tactile Puzzle Has Been Solved
C．Experiments Will Help the Blind Regain Sight
D．Bumblebees May Help Solve Molyneux’s Problem
语境猜词
①regain(派)＝re＋gain
②built-in(合)＝built＋in
③inborn(合)＝in＋born
④untrained(派)＝un＋train＋ed
⑤picture(转)n.→v.
D
(2024·山东济南一模)
Like many people over the past few years，I have found myself turning to audiobooks as my main means of reading literature.I find it far more comfortable to “read with my ears” while my eyes are resting.My ①consumption of new books has doubled as a result—but a recent paper makes me wonder if this will come at the price of my ②comprehension.
The study comes from Boaz Keysar and Janet Geipel，both at the University of Chicago，and it draws from the “dual process model” of mental processing.According to this view，we have two ways of assessing information.System 1 is intuitive(直觉的)，relying on natural ability and feeling.It is quick，but likely exposed to ③misinformation.System 2 is ④analytical involving the use of logic reasoning.It is mentally demanding.When it is engaged，we think our way through the material step by step.
For decades，psychologists have designed various tests to determine which of these two systems a person is using.As one example，consider the following question：How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark(方舟)？If you answered two，you were probably only considering the core of the question，which is System 1 thinking.To get to the right answer—zero，you need to think more carefully about the wording，which would allow you to remember it was Noah who built the Ark，not Moses.That is the kind of analytical process.
Keysar and Geipel’s brilliant idea was to investigate whether the sensory form—seeing vs.hearing—of the information would make a difference.They found that it did：when answering these kinds of simple questions，participants were more likely to make errors when the sentences were spoken out loud，rather than written.
A greater reliance on our feelings could be a problem if we are consuming information that needs logical study.For this reason，I will return to reading non-fiction with my eyes rather than my ears.But I won’t stop listening to novels.I am quite happy to go with the flow of my emotions while my critical mind takes a break.
12．What does the author think of listening to audiobooks
A．It is economical.
B．It is demanding.
C．It is time-consuming.
D．It is relaxing.
13．Which of the following best describes System 2 model
A．Relatively reliable.
B．Fully automatic.
C．Question-centered.
D．Emotion-involved.
14．Why is the Ark mentioned in paragraph 3
A．To present a fact.
B．To illustrate a view.
C．To introduce a topic.
D．To draw a conclusion.
15．What does the author intend to tell us
A．Listening to books comes at a price.
B．Reading non-fiction books benefits.
C．Critical thinking is a must in reading.
D．Ways of processing information differ.
语境猜词
①consumption(派)＝consume＋ption
②comprehension(派)＝comprehend＋sion
③misinformation(派)＝mis＋information
④analytical(派)＝analyse＋tical
Ⅱ.七选五阅读(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·河南濮阳一模)
No matter how friendly your tone is or how ①honey-sweet you are in a conversation，when you use one of these two words (or both) in your sentences，the message to your conversation companion is “You are wrong”． 1 They are “no” and “but”．
These words don’t say，“Let’s discuss this” or “I’d love to hear what you think about this” to people.They say，“You are wrong and I am right.” If your conversation companion is also eager to win at any cost，you will have a potential battle on your hands.The result？ 2
Are you interested in a little test to see how competitive your co-workers are Try this.For one week，keep a ②scorecard of how many times each person uses “no” or “but”． 3 And，if you ③dig a little deeper，you’ll see patterns emerge.For instance，some people use these words to gain power.You’ll see how much people hate it，consciously or not，and how it stifles(抑制) rather than opens up discussions.
　　 4 Practically without even thinking，I keep count of their use of these two little words.It’s such an important indicator! If the numbers pile up in an initial meeting with a client，I’ll interrupt him or her and say，“We’ve been talking for almost an hour now，and do you realize that you have responded 17 times with either ‘no’ or ‘but’？” This is the moment when a serious talk about changing behavior begins.
If this is your interpersonal challenge，you can do this little test for yourself just as easily as you can to judge your co-workers.Stop trying to defend your position and start ④monitoring how many times you begin remarks with “no” or “but”． 5 For example，“That’s true，but...”．Another expression is “Yes，but...”．
A．I use this technique with my clients.
B．Why do people like to say these two words
C．What are these conversation stopping words
D．Nothing more can happen that will be productive.
E．It’s human nature to like being accepted and recognized.
F．You will be shocked at how frequently these words are used.
G．Pay close attention to when you use these words in sentences.
语境猜词
①honey-sweet(合)＝honey＋sweet
②scorecard(合)＝score＋card
③dig deep
④monitor(转)n.→v.
语境猜词答案 Ⅰ.A.①n.自我表现，自我表达　②adj.有趣的；爱玩的 ③n.顾问 B．①adj.惊心动魄的；令人心悸的　②adj.难对付的　③简直就是；无异于　④立即行动　⑤挥手示意停车　⑥别无选择时；须孤注一掷时 C．①v.重新获得　②adj.嵌入式的；内置的 ③adj.天生的，先天的　④adj.未受训练的，未经培养的　⑤想象 D．①n.消耗量　②n.理解力　③n.错误信息 ④adj.分析性的 Ⅱ.①adj.甜美的　②n.记分卡　③深入挖掘 ④监视；监测
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fortunately，books can serve as tools for guiding children through the anxious thoughts and feelings they may experience.”和The Healthy Coping Coloring Book and Journal by Pooky Knightsmith部分的“The different activities can be beneficial for self-expression.”可知，这几本书都是帮助青少年克服焦虑的，因此Pooky Knightsmith的书里的活动的共同点是鼓励孩子表达焦虑。故选A。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据Sea Otter Cove by Lori Lite部分的“Through playful sea otters and other delightful characters in the book，...is also known as diaphragmatic breathing or deep breathing.”可知，Lori Lite提供了腹部呼吸这种方法来降低焦虑水平。故选C。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据The Worry Glasses by Donalisa Helsley部分的“The book includes a list of exercises designed to relieve kids’ anxiety.”可知，The Worry Glasses介绍了一些控制焦虑的锻炼方法。故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大的一名五岁的小女孩Lexi在一次车祸中表现出非凡的勇气和冷静。
4．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“An unexpected animal ran into the road.Angela swerved(突然转向) to avoid the animal.Unfortunately，their car was off the road，falling down a steep embankment(路堤)．”可知，事故是由一只意外冲到路上的动物造成的。故选D。]
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The little girl，without even shoes on her feet，wrestled free from her seatbelt and climbed the 40-foot embankment.”可知，事故发生后，Lexi首先设法从车里出来。故选B。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“He stressed how important it is for kids to be prepared for emergencies，shocked at how Lexi remembered and acted on what she had been taught.”可知，Lexi学习过如何应对紧急情况。故选C。]
7．B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Instead，she showed courage that would leave many grown-ups in awe.”以及第三段“She quickly jumped into action.The little girl，without even shoes on her feet，wrestled free from her seatbelt...to flag down a passing car in order to get help for her mom and brother.”可知，Lexi在面对紧急情况时勇敢且冷静。故选B。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过大黄蜂实验研究莫利纽克斯问题，即一个天生失明但通过触摸学会区分物体的人在恢复视力后是否能够通过视觉来识别物体。
8．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The question，known as Molyneux’s problem，is about whether the human mind has a built-in concept of shapes...but have to be learned by exploring an object through sight，touch and other senses.”可知，莫利纽克斯问题的内容是人类对形状的认知是天生的还是后天习得的。故选B。]
9．B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，Lars Chittka和他的同事是通过开展控制实验来研究莫利纽克斯问题。故选B。]
10．A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段“However，some experts express their warnings against the result.Jonathan Birch...cautions that...”可知，Jonathan Birch对由蜜蜂实验得出的结论持怀疑的态度。故选A。]
11．D　[标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了通过大黄蜂实验研究莫利纽克斯问题，所以D项是本文最好的标题。故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕作者使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历和体验展开，并引入了一项关于信息处理方式的研究，以此为基础探讨了过于依赖感觉对信息处理产生的影响。
12．D　[观点态度题。根据第一段中“Like many people over the past few years，I have found myself turning to audiobooks as my main means of reading literature.I find it far more comfortable to ‘read with my ears’ while my eyes are resting.”以及最后一段中“But I won’t stop listening to novels.I am quite happy to go with the flow of my emotions while my critical mind takes a break.”可知，作者认为听有声读物会让人放松。故选D。]
13．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“System 2 is analytical involving the use of logic reasoning.It is mentally demanding.When it is engaged，we think our way through the material step by step.”和第三段的“To get to the right answer...That is the kind of analytical process.”可推知，System 2模式相对可靠。故选A。]
14．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“As one example...How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark(方舟)？If you answered two...which is System 1 thinking.To get to the right answer—zero，you need to think more carefully about the wording...That is the kind of analytical process.”可知，作者提到方舟是为了举例说明一个观点，即System 1和System 2在处理信息时的不同方式。故选B。]
15．A　[推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，尽管听书让作者增加了阅读量，但研究结果显示，听书在处理某些信息时可能不如阅读书面材料准确。特别是对于那些需要逻辑研究的信息，听书可能导致更多的错误。因此，作者认为听书是有代价的，特别是在理解方面。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.C　2.D　3.F　4.A　5.G作业40　四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：40分)
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
(2024·江苏连云港二模)
Like many of the Indigenous(土著的) communities across the Australian continent，the remote communities in north-west New South Wales are struggling.Many of the 300 or so residents rely on welfare.Higher electricity bills—up to $3,000 a quarter for some households—further worsen the poverty.They’re always at the end of the power line，so the service that is there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost.It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.
To that end，Anderson and other Indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance(FREA) to push for renewable energy in Indigenous communities.They partner with private enterprises to support Indigenous communities looking to switch to renewable energy.
“We can build a power station where the community exists，” Anderson says，“so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.”
Only a handful of Indigenous communities have set up renewable energy projects in Australia.The Indigenous-owned and -operated company AllGrid Energy，for instance，has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to replace diesel(柴油) generators in the communities of Ngurrara and Kurnturlpara in the Northern Territory’s Barkly Tableland.Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016，people were moving back to their homelands，the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.
But FREA will go one step further，working with community leaders and acting as a conduit(纽带) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with.This is essential，says Anderson，to avoid predatory(吞并) practices they have seen in the past，with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage.The FREA has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with Indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.
One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project.“Our experience is that if we can make it work for one community，it will work in every other community，” Anderson says.
1．What is FREA expected to do for the remote Indigenous communities
A．Increase power supply to them.
B．Help them return to their homelands.
C．Shake them off poverty.
D．Reduce their higher power costs.
2．What does the author indicate by mentioning AllGrid Energy
A．Renewables projects are inaccessible.
B．Renewables projects are quite workable.
C．Renewables projects can increase locals’ income.
D．Renewables projects can coexist with diesel power plants.
3．What’s paragraph 5 mainly about concerning FREA
A．Its strategies to win over the businesses.
B．Its cooperation with community leaders.
C．Its potential conflict with energy companies.
D．Its innovation in directing renewables projects.
4．What’s FREA going to do next
A．Consult the experts.
B．Select a pilot community.
C．Collect sufficient construction fund.
D．Make renewables projects available to all.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·浙江台州二模)
Kwane Stewart，a devoted vet(兽医) in San Diego，had reached a point of burnout in his career.The animal 1 where he worked was full of abandoned pets as people 2 to deal with the ongoing economic decline.In those days，animals would be euthanized(安乐死) if they weren’t 3 in seven days.The cruel reality deeply troubled Stewart，even leading him to consider 4 his profession.
One fateful day，outside a convenience store，he 5 a homeless man with a dog suffering from a visible skin issue.The man, 6 for a solution，shared his dog’s suffering.Stewart examined the dog and then 7 some medicine to him.In tears，the man thanked Stewart，saying “Thank you for not 8 me”．The very words served as a wake-up call to Stewart and inspired his next 9 .
Stewart began working as a street vet during his free time，determined to 10 on his own.Over a nine-year period，he provided 11 medical care for over 1,000 homeless people and their pets and in 2020，he created a nonprofit organization Project Street Vet.
For Stewart，the most rewarding aspect of his work lies in the one-on-one 12 with the homeless.By 13 helping their cherished companion，Stewart helps 14 their faith in humanity.Their gratitude fuels him to continue his mission，offering 15 to those facing awful circumstances.
1．A.shop B．shelter
C．lab D．farm
2．A.struggled B．managed
C．intended D．hesitated
3．A.trained B．examined
C．adopted D．selected
4．A.assessing B．advancing
C．delaying D．quitting
5．A.mentioned B．interviewed
C．recognized D．encountered
6．A.regretful B．desperate
C．grateful D．responsible
7．A.delivered B．sold
C．offered D．returned
8．A.ignoring B．hurting
C．blaming D．bothering
9．A.game B．chapter
C．firm D．research
10．A.have a try B．keep a balance
C．make a difference D．set an example
11．A.free B．safe
C．expensive D．private
12．A.decisions B．connections
C．discussions D．competitions
13．A.slightly B．hardly
C．simply D．generally
14．A.celebrate B．follow
C．test D．restore
15．A.hope B．freedom
C．pride D．respect
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·河北唐山一模)
Featuring a dynamic design，the horse-face skirt is widely preferred by fans of traditional clothing in China.Exploring ways 1. (promote) the culture，they prefer to wear traditional clothing when taking part in cultural activities and share the beauty on the Internet.
The horse-face skirt 2. (originate) in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty due to its functionality and artistic style.It is 3. (traditional) composed of two identical overlapping(部分重叠) panels 4. (wrap) around the left and right side of the lower body.Each panel is composed of a large rectangular(长方形的) panel of fabric，a side piece made up of several smaller panels and another rectangular panel 5. (narrow) than the first.Attached to a waistband by ties，the two sides overlap each other so that one of the large straight panels on each piece is in the front and back of the skirt.This overlapping nature leaves openings in the front and back of the skirt，making 6. very suitable for horse-riding.
While maintaining the essential design 7. (element) of the horse-face skirt，modern designers change its outline，length，or detailing to match current fashion trends，appealing 8. a broader audience for usual daywear or formal evening fashions.
“This kind of skirt shows the grand 9. (elegant) that is admired in Chinese culture.Knowing 10. we come from，we can then be clear about where we are going，” Daben，a Chinese vlogger，told the Global Times.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了FREA组织助力澳大利亚的土著社区推动建立可再生能源项目，并起草协议条款以避免企业利用贫困获利。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Higher electricity bills—up to $3,000 a quarter for some households—further worsen the poverty.They’re always at the end of the power line，so the service that is there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost.It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.”以及第二段首句可知，FREA被期望为偏远的土著社区降低他们较高的电力成本。故选D。]
2．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“AllGrid Energy...has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to...Within two months of the system...the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.”可推知，作者提到AllGrid Energy是为了说明可再生能源项目相当可行。故选B。]
3．D　[段落大意题。根据第五段“But FREA will go one step further...The FREA has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies...for renewable energy projects.”可知，本段谈论的主要内容是FREA在指导可再生能源项目方面的新方法。故选D。]
4．B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project.”可知，FREA下一步将会选择一个试点社区。故选B。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了圣地亚哥的一位敬业的兽医夸恩·斯图尔特的职业经历和个人成长。
1．B　[根据前文“Kwane Stewart，a devoted vet(兽医) in San Diego”以及后文“was full of abandoned pets”可知，斯图尔特在动物收容所工作。故选B。]
2．A　[根据前文提到动物收容所里满是被遗弃的宠物并结合后文“deal with the ongoing economic decline”可知，人们难以应对持续的经济衰退。故选A。]
3．C　[根据前文提到动物收容所里满是被遗弃的宠物以及“In those days，animals would be euthanized(安乐死)”可知，如果动物在7天内没有被收养，就会被安乐死。故选C。]
4．D　[根据前文“The cruel reality deeply troubled Stewart”以及后文“his profession”可知，这一残酷的现实深深困扰着斯图尔特，甚至令他考虑辞职。故选D。]
5．D　[根据前文“One fateful day，outside a convenience store”可知，他是在一家便利店外面偶然碰到一个无家可归的人。故选D。]
6．B　[根据前文提到这个人的狗患有皮肤问题以及后文“for a solution，shared his dog’s suffering”可知，他应是渴望找到一个解决办法。故选B。]
7．C　[根据前文“Stewart examined the dog”以及后文“some medicine to him”“In tears，the man thanked Stewart”可知，应是斯图尔特检查了狗，然后主动给了那个男人一些药。故选C。]
8．A　[根据前文“One fateful day，outside a convenience store，he a homeless man with a dog suffering from a visible skin issue.”可知，男人是一个流浪汉，所以在得到帮助后应是感谢斯图尔特没有忽视他。故选A。]
9．B　[根据后文“Stewart began working as a street vet during his free time”可知，斯图尔特在空闲时间开始做街头兽医，所以是流浪汉说的话激发了他开启人生的新篇章。故选B。]
10．C　[have a try试试；keep a balance保持平衡；make a difference有影响；set an example树立榜样。根据前文“Stewart began working as a street vet during his free time”以及后文“he provided...in 2020，he created a nonprofit...Vet”可知，斯图尔特决心发挥自己的作用。故选C。]
11．A　[根据后文“in 2020，he created a nonprofit organization Project Street Vet”可知，斯图尔特成立了非营利组织，所以应是他提供免费医疗服务。故选A。]
12．B　[根据后文“Their gratitude fuels him to continue his mission，offering to those facing awful circumstances.”可知，此处指他与无家可归者一对一的联系。故选B。]
13．C　[根据前文“Over a nine-year period，he provided medical care for over 1,000 homeless people and their pets”以及后文“their faith in humanity”可知，此处由帮助无家可归者的宠物上升到他们对人性的信心，所以应是通过简单地帮助他们珍爱的同伴。故选C。]
14．D　[根据后文“their faith in humanity”并结合选项可知，应是“帮助他们恢复了对人性的信心”符合语境。故选D。]
15．A　[根据前文“Stewart helps their faith in humanity”可知，斯图尔特帮助无家可归者恢复了对人性的信心，结合他成立非营利性组织等举动，此处表示为那些面临恶劣环境的人带来希望。故选A。]
Ⅲ.1.to promote　2.originated　3.traditionally　4.wrapped
5．narrower　6.it　7.elements　8.to　9.elegance
10．where作业41　应用文写作＋读后续写
Ⅰ.应用文写作(发言稿)(满分15分)
(2024·湖北武汉一模)
假如你是某中学学生会的主席李华，你们学校将接待来自美国一所中学的访问代表团，你将代表学生会在欢迎会上发言。请你写一篇发言稿，内容要点如下：
1．表示欢迎；2.表达对两校交流的期待；3.祝愿访问成功。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear friends，
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
(2024·江苏南京一模)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the town of Greenfield，a group of three adventurous spirits—Jack，Simon，and Lucas—had discovered an ancient map in Jack’s grandfather’s house.The map，yellowed with age，described a mysterious island that had the legendary(传说的) Silver Falcon，a statue that was said to award its finder enormous wisdom and fortune.
As typical eighth graders with the excitement of discovery and dreams of greatness，they decided they would be the ones to discover this hidden treasure.They agreed to start this search during the upcoming spring break，keeping their plans secret from the adults who would undoubtedly discourage such a dangerous adventure.
The days that followed were filled with preparation.They read books on survival，learned about the stars for navigation，and tested their courage in smaller woods.The boys were united by their unshakable resolve and the promise of an adventure that could change their lives forever.
As spring break began，they set out just as the sun painted the sky with colors of orange and gold.They felt a mixture of excitement and slight nervousness.They carried backpacks filled with supplies and the ancient map that they hoped would lead them to glory.
The beginning of their journey was full of laughter and songs around the campfire，but as days passed，the trip’s reality set in.The path grew more dangerous，and the maps guided them through thick woods and muddy wetlands.They learned to work together as their friendship was tested by constant challenges.Slowly，the island drew nearer.
A conflict arose when they reached the foot of Mount Veritas，the final barrier before reaching the island.Lucas twisted his ankle，and the slightest movement sent sharp pains shooting through his leg.With time running out，Jack and Simon had to make a choice：should they push on and risk Lucas’ well-being or turn back after coming so far
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
At crossroads，Jack and Simon exchanged knowing glances.
When reaching the Silver Falcon，the three boys found no fortune there at all.
答案精析
Ⅰ.参考范文
Dear friends，
On behalf of our student council，I would like to extend a warm welcome to the visiting delegation from the United States! We are more than delighted to have you here and are excited about the opportunity for cultural exchange between our two schools，which is greatly meaningful to all of us.
This visit presents a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other，as we share our unique perspectives and experiences.We do hope that through this interaction，not only can we broaden our horizons but also deepen our understanding of different cultures and educational systems.
We genuinely believe that this visit will be a great success and that it will create lasting friendships between our students.Let us seize this opportunity to build bridges of understanding and cooperation，as we work towards a brighter and more connected global community.
Ⅱ.参考范文
At crossroads，Jack and Simon exchanged knowing glances.They realized they couldn’t leave Lucas behind and that the statue could wait，but their friendship could not.With great determination and strengthened bonds，they constructed a makeshift stretcher and carried Lucas through the last leg of their journey.As they reached the top of the last hill，the island revealed itself in all its glory.It was more impressive than they could have ever imagined.The Silver Falcon stood in the center，its wings shining in the sunlight.
When reaching the Silver Falcon，the three boys found no fortune there at all.At that time，they realized the true treasure of their journey.It wasn’t about the wisdom or fortune the Silver Falcon could bring—it was about the memories they had created together and the lessons they learned along the way.In an unexpected turn，the Silver Falcon seemed to acknowledge their growth.As they stood before it，its eyes shone brightly，and the forest around them came alive with the songs of birds and rustling of leaves.A soft voice filled the clearing，congratulating them on their bravery and unity.作业42　四选一阅读＋七选五阅读
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·湖北武昌区高三期末)
The Self-Portrait Challenge
Have you ever done a self-portrait in an art lesson at school？Today，we’re challenging you to write self-portrait poems.It’s not uncommon to feel like the way people see you on the outside doesn’t quite match up with how you feel on the inside.So creating a self-portrait can be a good opportunity to address those differences and present the realest，truest version of yourself.
Your challenge is to create a self-portrait in lines，using words instead of paint.Read on for some more inspiration.
Writing Tips
·Have a go at writing a list of metaphors exploring your physical appearance，starting from your head and working your way down towards your feet.
·Instead of representing yourself directly，take on another character，such as a fictional character，a historical figure，or even a different version of yourself.
·Play around with personification，by taking on the voice of a physical object in your poem.Think about what a self-portrait from the point of view of a mirror，or a bowl of your favourite food would look like
How to Enter
This challenge is for writers aged up to 25 based anywhere in the world.The deadline is 23：59 GMT,17 March 2024.You can send a poem，or poems，written down，or as video or audio files.We are using Submittable to accept submissions to this challenge.You will need to make a free Submittable account to submit in this way.Using Submittable helps our team to administrate and process entries more quickly.Selected poets will be published on Young Poets Network.
1．What does the Self-portrait Challenge encourage participants to do
A．Explore true selves.
B．Convey positive emotions.
C．Illustrate personal profiles.
D．Compare different personalities.
2．What is suggested to better handle the challenge
A．Using simple language.
B．Presenting yourself directly.
C．Taking a different point of view.
D．Focusing on physical appearance.
3．What is “Submittable” likely to be
A．A writing tool.
B．A search engine.
C．An email account.
D．An online platform.
B
(2024·湖南二模)
At just 17，Lauren Schroeder has already made a significant impact on her community.Her voyage began at 14，volunteering at a food shelter.While packing boxes with canned goods for needy families，Lauren detected a substantial shortage：fresh vegetables.This observation sparked an idea that soon grew into a community-wide initiative.
Lauren pictured transforming part of her family’s 150-acre farm into a garden committed to growing produce for local families.Her proposal was met with a hint of concern from her mother，Katie Schroeder.While supportive，she also foresaw the extensive labor involved.Despite the agricultural background—her family typically planted soybeans and corn—vegetable cultivation was a novel pursuit.Nevertheless，Lauren was eager to tackle the nutritional deficiency she had uncovered.
The hard work began in earnest.Not discouraged by potential obstacles，Lauren dived into research to be a seasoned vegetable cultivator and secured a grant(拨款) from the National FFA Organization to cover initial costs.Subsequently，she spent two to three hours daily watering her crops by hand through the hot Iowa summers，sandwiching this commitment between softball practices.Furthermore，she carefully tended to her garden，combating weeds and harvesting crops，with green beans proving particularly challenging.
Eventually，with assistance from her younger brothers and sisters，Lauren’s half-acre garden produced 15 varieties of vegetables.In its first year，the garden generated 40 pounds of produce，benefiting food banks，nursing homes，and soup kitchens.
Motivated by the early achievements，Lauren doubled the garden’s size.To date，she has donated over 7,000 pounds of produce，valued at approximately $15,000，commanding community respect.Her work has found a deep echo among others，notably a mother from a local shelter who was grateful for the fresh food that reminded her children of home.
Lauren’s inspiration is straightforward yet deep-seated.“I wanted to have something that would impact people，” she told KWQC.Her actions demonstrate her belief in the power of community and the joy obtained from helping others—a feeling that will undoubtedly shape her future initiatives.
4．Why did Lauren initiate the community garden
A．To pursue a new hobby.
B．To explore plant cultivation.
C．To fill a food shelter’s vegetable gap.
D．To gain recognition in her community.
5．How did Lauren overcome her lack of experience in vegetable farming
A．By doing trial and error.
B．By conducting thorough research.
C．By engaging in fundraising activities.
D．By maintaining consistent hard work.
6．What do we know about Lauren in the initial process of vegetable cultivation
A．She was passionate and determined.
B．She was inexperienced but creative.
C．She was observant and popular.
D．She was concerned but hard-working.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Garden to Table：a Solo Effort
B．Local Garden：Hope for the Globe
C．Harvesting Hope：Community Growth
D．Farming Fundamentals：a Teen’s Journey
C
(2024·广东梅州二模)
New findings suggest that when it comes to learning，the snake may be quite a bit like humans.David Holtzman，a scientist at the University of Rochester，has found that snakes have a much greater capacity for learning than earlier studies had indicated.
Holtzman’s study challenged 24 snakes to escape from a black plastic container the size of a child’s pool.Cards mounted on the container’s walls and tape on its floor provided the snakes with visual and touchable signals to find their goal：holes in the container’s bottom that offer a dark，comfortable spot to hide.
Simply falling into a hole isn’t the only proof that the snakes are learning something，though.“Speed to find that goal is one of the measures which shows they’re learning，” Holtzman says.“On average，they take over 700 seconds to find the correct hole on the first day of training，and then go down to about 400 seconds by the fourth day of training.Some are actually very fast and find it in less than 30 seconds.”
Studies dating back to the 1950s interpreted snakes’ awkwardness with mazes(迷宫) as a poor reflection on their intelligence.“Early attempts to study snake intelligence were problematic because the studies used mazes as testing arenas(场地)—as though snakes might be expected to run through mazes in the same way mice run through mazes，” says Peter Kareiva，a professor of zoology.“Snakes do not encounter anything like mazes in nature，and they do not learn how to run mazes in laboratory conditions.”
Holtzman also found a few age-based differences in the signals the snakes use.Young snakes appear to be more adaptable and resourceful，using a variety of clues to find their way to the exit.But their elders seem to rely much more heavily on visual clues.“Actually，one of the amazing findings from our studies is that snakes do use vision in locating places，” says Holtzman.“They don’t just rely on the chemical clues picked up by sticking their tongues out，as many snake biologists assume.”
8．What is the function of the cards and tape
A．To direct the snakes to the exits.
B．To protect the snakes from bright lights.
C．To cover the holes at the container’s bottom.
D．To make the container a comfortable spot to stay.
9．What do the data in paragraph 3 show about the snakes according to Holtzman
A．They are skillful escapees.
B．They are good learners.
C．They communicate with each other.
D．They adapt to environments quickly.
10．What was the problem with early attempts to study snake intelligence
A．They chose the wrong testing arenas.
B．They failed to do tests in laboratory conditions.
C．They referred to studies dating back to the 1950s.
D．They compared snakes with a different kind of animal.
11．What astonishes Holtzman about snakes
A．They rely on sight to find their way.
B．They leave chemical clues everywhere.
C．The young beat their elders in many ways.
D．Their tongues are unable to recognize chemical clues.
D
(2024·河北保定一模)
Politicians，business bosses，and other types of leaders indeed tend to like speaking with their hands，but does the habit influence how others interpret those words To get to the bottom of it，a team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics conducted a series of experiments on volunteers who viewed videos of people speaking with and without hand movements.
After showing the volunteers videos of people speaking under different conditions，the researchers asked them questions about what they had heard.Some conditions involved the speaker stressing different parts of words in a sentence.Other conditions involved the speaker making various types of hand gestures，such as pointing and sweeping movements.The team recorded the volunteers as they viewed the video recordings，questioning the volunteers afterward about what they had seen and heard.
Researchers found that the volunteers were more affected by syllables(音节) spoken with the conjunction of hand gestures：In 20 percent of the cases，the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture.Interestingly，however，volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred.
Body language expert Carol Goman said，“Studies have found that speaking with your hands really can change the view of your character.People who communicate through active gesturing tend to be considered warm，agreeable，and energetic，while those who remain still are seen as logical，cold，and analytic.In fact，a 2015 study that studied TED Talks，which posts international talks online，found that the most popular speakers used nearly twice as many gestures as the least popular speakers used.”
The research team said that their findings suggest that hand gestures are an important part of in-person communication that have a direct impact on what the listener hears.Furthermore，they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.
12．What’s the researchers’ purpose of doing the experiments
A．To examine the volunteers’ interpreting skills.
B．To test the impact hand gestures have on the effectiveness of speaking.
C．To record the volunteers’ questions for the speaker.
D．To confirm the influence hand movements have on leaders.
13．What did the researchers find in the experiments
A．Hand movements affected what the listener heard.
B．The speaker stressed different parts of words in a sentence.
C．People spoke with different kinds of hand gestures.
D．The most popular speakers used more gestures than the least popular speakers did.
14．What does the underlined word “conjunction” mean in paragraph 3
A．Assistance. B．Combination.
C．Disturbance. D．Interpretation.
15．What may the researchers agree with
A．Gestures can influence others’ view on one’s personality.
B．Understanding gestures is a must in every language.
C．In-person communication helps interpret gestures.
D．Responses to gestures are learning behavior.
Ⅱ.七选五阅读(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江杭州二模)
It’s no secret that reading good news feels a lot better than reading bad news.Like，would you rather bite into a lemon，or sip on a fresh glass of lemonade
1 The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert(警觉的) to what’s going on around us.While reading traditional，more negative news is important，consuming good news is also part of staying informed. 2 And it also brings meaningful benefits，like reduced stress and anxiety，higher rates of engagement，community building skills，and inspiration for creating a better world.Plus，knowing what to look for in the good news landscape is a key part of improving our media literacy skills and being thoughtful news consumers.
In fact，good news，known as solutions journalism，is becoming more popular，as publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories.Good Good Good is one of them. 3 A team of reporters and editors there work daily to deliver stories that make readers feel hopeful and equipped to do more good with possible solutions.
“If it bleeds，it leads.” has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news stories about violence，death and destruction draw readers’ attention. 4 The thing is，however，there’s also good stuff out there—the delightful and kind parts of humanity.“Beautiful stories are happening worldwide. 5 When you do find them，the world can suddenly feel like a very different place.Good news is a vital part of how we learn about the world and solving the world’s problems，” Hervey，one of Good Good Good’s editors said.
A．Share good news with people around you.
B．But the “bad news” has its place in the world.
C．It provides a more balanced view of the world.
D．It’s just that we don’t hear as much about them.
E．Heart-warming stories make you cry and feel good.
F．And so，negative news stories are everywhere on news media.
G．The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了关于一个自画像挑战的信息，包括其目的、一些相关的写作建议以及如何参与。
1．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，创作一幅自画像是一个很好的机会，可以解决这些差异，展示最真实的自己。由此可知，自画像挑战鼓励参与者探索真实的自我。故选A。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据Writing Tips部分最后一句可知，可以从镜子的角度，或者从一碗你最喜欢的食物的角度看一幅自画像是什么样子。由此可知，要更好地应对这一挑战应该采取不同的角度。故选C。]
3．D　[推理判断题。根据How to Enter部分的倒数第二、三句可知，想要参与此次挑战的人员需要创建一个免费的Submittable账户并以这种方式提交；使用Submittable可以帮助团队更快地管理和处理提交的作品。由此可推知，Submittable可能是一个在线平台。故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的劳伦·施罗德通过在自家农场建立一个蔬菜园，为有需要的家庭提供新鲜蔬菜，从而对社区产生了显著的影响。
4．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her voyage began at 14，volunteering at a food shelter.While packing boxes with canned goods for needy families，Lauren detected a substantial shortage：fresh vegetables.This observation sparked an idea that soon grew into a community-wide initiative.”可知，劳伦创立社区菜园的原因是为了填补食品庇护所中新鲜蔬菜的短缺。故选C。]
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Not discouraged by potential obstacles，Lauren dived into research to be a seasoned vegetable cultivator”可知，劳伦通过进行深入的研究克服了自己在蔬菜种植方面的经验缺乏。故选B。]
6．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Despite the agricultural background...Lauren was eager to tackle the nutritional deficiency she had uncovered.”可知，劳伦充满激情；根据第三段中的“Not discouraged by potential obstacles，Lauren dived into research...FFA Organization to cover initial costs.”可知，劳伦又是有决心的。故选A。]
7．C　[标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“This observation sparked an idea that soon grew into a community-wide initiative.”及第二、三、四、五段对于劳伦种植蔬菜的努力和成就的描述并结合最后一段可知，文章讲述了劳伦如何通过在自家农场的一部分土地上种植蔬菜来帮助社区，她的努力不仅解决了新鲜蔬菜短缺问题，还对社区产生了积极影响，使得更多人得到了帮助。C选项“收获希望：社区成长”适合作本文标题。故选C。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家大卫·霍尔兹曼发现蛇的学习能力比之前的研究表明的强很多。
8．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Cards mounted on the container’s walls and tape...provided the snakes with visual and touchable signals to find their goal：holes in the container’s bottom”可知，这些卡片和带子可以指引蛇找到出口。故选A。]
9．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘Speed to find that goal is one of the measures which shows they’re learning，’ Holtzman says.‘On average，they take over 700 seconds....and find it in less than 30 seconds.’”可知，第三段的数据主要表明蛇是有学习能力的，即它们是很棒的学习者。故选B。]
10．A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“Early attempts to study snake intelligence were problematic...in the same way mice run through mazes”以及“Snakes do not encounter...in laboratory conditions.”可推知，研究蛇的智力的早期尝试所选择的测验场地不正确。故选A。]
11．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Actually，one of the amazing findings from our studies is that snakes do use vision in locating places，’ says Holtzman.”可知，令霍尔兹曼感到惊讶的是蛇是靠视觉确定位置的。故选A。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，在谈话中使用手势与否会对听众产生很大影响。
12．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段“Politicians，business bosses，and other types of leaders indeed tend to like speaking with their hands，but does the habit influence how others interpret those words？...researchers...conducted...experiments...”可知，研究人员做实验的目的是测试手势对说话有效性的影响。故选B。]
13．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 20 percent of the cases，the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word...and the hand gesture occurred.”以及末段首句可知，研究人员在实验中发现手势会影响听者听到的内容。故选A。]
14．B　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中“In 20 percent of the cases，the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture.”可推知，此处是指志愿者更容易受到与手势相结合而被说出的音节的影响，所以conjunction意为“结合”。故选B。]
15．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furthermore，they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.”可推知，研究人员可能认同“对手势的反应是一种学习行为”的观点。故选D。]
Ⅱ.1.B　2.C　3.G　4.F　5.D作业43　四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
(2024·山东青岛一模)
At a conference last week，I received an interesting piece of advice：“Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek，a fellow psychology professor.He wasn’t objecting to any particular claim I’d made—he was offering a strategy for pursuing better science，and for encouraging others to do the same.
To understand the context for Nosek’s advice，we need to take a step back—to the nature of science itself.Despite what many of us learned in elementary school，there is no single scientific method.Just as scientific theories change，so do scientific methods.
Assuming you are right might be a motivating force，sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires.But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks，and for scientific arguments to develop into personal battles.Beginning，instead，from the assumption you are wrong，a criticism is easier to be viewed as a helpful pointer，a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong—a goal that your critic probably shares.
Nosek’s advice may sound pessimistic，but it’s not so foreign to science.Philosophers of science sometimes refer to the “pessimistic meta-induction(元归纳)” on the history of science: All of our past scientific theories have been wrong，so surely our current theories will turn out to be wrong，too.That doesn’t mean we haven’t made progress，but it does indicate that there is always room for improvement—ways to be less wrong.
I like the advice because it builds in an awareness of our limitations and the readiness to accept the unknown(“there are things I do not know！”) along with a sense that we can do better(“there are things I do not know yet！”)．It also builds in a sense of community—we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right.Perhaps the focus on a shared goal—our goal as scientists and humans of being less wrong—can help make up for any harm in scientific motivation or communication.
1．Why did Nosek send the advice
A．To express opinions about the author’s claims.
B．To remind the author to be open to criticism.
C．To encourage the author to take up science.
D．To better the author’s understanding of psychology.
2．How does assuming you are wrong help
A．It motivates scientists to make efforts.
B．It addresses personal attacks and conflicts.
C．It sets a constructive improvement goal.
D．It contributes to a deeper insight into yourself.
3．What does the author think of science theories
A．Dynamic. B．Testable.
C．Pioneering. D．Well-established.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Accept the Unknown
B．Aim to Be Less Wrong
C．Get Engaged in Psychology
D．Dig into the Nature of Science
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·广东广州一模)
I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift.I took a 1 as the snowstorm was approaching.
Then the snow started and was coming down 2 .Within minutes I was in a white-out.The windows were 3 and getting covered with snow，so I slowed down and rolled down my driver’s side window，thinking I could better 4 the road edge and keep to a straight line.But really，I had no 5 where I was.I stopped and kept the car running to stay 6 .I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.
The call left me in 7 .Breathe，I told myself.An idea occurred to me.I 8 my location online and explained what I was 9 ，wishing for anyone to come to my rescue.Soon enough，people started chiming in on my post.I got a 10 from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby.I had never been more 11 .
Then I saw a big 12 in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me， 13 the wind and snow each step of the way.“You’ll be OK.Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow，sure of the 14 .I drove slowly behind him.When we reached his house，I burst into tears of 15 .
1．A.shortcut B．turn
C．look D．risk
2．A.soon B．fast
C．lightly D．suddenly
3．A.locked B．closed
C．frozen D．broken
4．A.follow B．cover
C．mark D．remember
5．A.plan B．clue
C．doubt D．problem
6．A.awake B．calm
C．warm D．still
7．A.confusion B．trouble
C．embarrassment D．panic
8．A.confirmed B．found
C．posted D．checked
9．A.looking at B．going through
C．searching for D．carrying out
10．A.tip B．view
C．like D．message
11．A.inspired B．relieved
C．convinced D．amazed
12．A.policeman B．creature
C．shadow D．figure
13．A.fighting B．avoiding
C．checking D．reporting
14．A.goal B．danger
C．depth D．direction
15．A.hope B．love
C．gratitude D．pride
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·江苏连云港二模)
It is believed that Chinese knotting，also known as zhongguojie，originated for recording information and exchanging messages 1. writing was invented.Over the past thousands of years，knots 2. (play) an important part in the life of Chinese.3.____________________(initial)，Chinese knots acted as good-luck charms to drive away evil spirits.Today，Chinese knots are widely used to decorate homes during festivities.
A major characteristic of Chinese knots is that they are often tied from a single continuous length of string.The knots are commonly named 4. the shape it takes.Chinese knots are created in a 5. (various) of colors such as gold，green，blue，or black，though the most commonly used color is red,6. symbolizes good luck and prosperity.
Crafting the Chinese knot is a three-step process 7. (involve) tying knots，tightening them and adding the finishing touches.The knots 8. (pull) tightly together and are strong enough to be used for binding or wrapping，making them very practical.
Today，most of such knots are often mass manufactured in factories.Skilled knot artists weave complex knots that you might see 9. (sell) as souvenirs that you can take back with you.If you have time，why not try your hand at it Perhaps these age-old charms can add 10._________________ touch of good luck to your daily life
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了作者对在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这条建议的看法，并肯定了它所带来的好处。
1．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段末句和第三段末句可知，Nosek提出的这条建议是一个追求更好科学的策略，从“假设自己错了”开始，就会更容易接受批评，让自己减少错误，由此可推测出，Nosek提出这条建议是为了提醒作者对批评持开放态度。故选B。]
2．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段末句和第四段末句可知，“假设你错了”让你将批评视为减少错误的建设性建议，让你意识到永远有进步的空间，由此可推测出，“假设你错了”可以帮助设立一个建设性的改进目标。故选C。]
3．A　[观点态度题。根据第二段中的“Just as scientific theories change，so do scientific methods.”可知，作者认为科学理论是不断发展变化的。故选A。]
4．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句和最后一段最后一句可知，本文主要讨论了在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这个方法，它有助于让所有人关注减少错误这一共同目标，从而让科学取得进步，由此可推测出，B项“力求减少错误”是本文的最佳标题。故选B。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一场突如其来的暴风雪中迷路并被困在车中，随后通过社交媒体发出求救信号，最终得到一位陌生人的救援，并被引领至安全之地的经历。
1．A　[shortcut近路。根据下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”及“But really，I had no where I was.”可知，由于暴风雪即将来临，作者走了一条近路，结果遇到了麻烦。故选A。]
2．B　[根据下文“Within minutes I was in a white-out.”可知，雪下得很快，故选B。]
3．C　[根据下文“getting covered with snow”可知，此处说的是暴风雪中车窗的状态，分析待选项，C项“frozen”表示的含义符合语境，故选C。]
4．A　[根据下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知，此处说的是沿着路边行驶以保持直行，故选A。]
5．B　[根据下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911.”可知，作者因暴风雪迷路，不知道自己在哪里，故选B。]
6．C　[still静止的。根据上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知，作者停下来但保持汽车运转(开着空调)。由此可知，作者试图通过保持汽车运转的方式保暖，故选C。]
7．D　[根据上文“I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.”可知，作者向911求救，却被告知要等一晚上，因此感到惊慌失措，故选D。]
8．C　[根据下文“Soon enough，people started chiming in on my post.”可知，作者在网上发布了自己的位置，故选C。]
9．B　[go through经历，遭遇；search for查找；carry out执行。根据下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知，作者讲述的是自己正遭遇的事情，故选B。]
10．D　[tip建议，小费。根据下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，作者收到了一条消息，故选D。]
11．B　[根据上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，在困境中有陌生人试图帮助作者，使作者感到如释重负，故选B。]
12．D　[根据下文“in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知，此处说的是一个身形高大的人，故选D。]
13．A　[根据上文“Then the snow started and was coming down .Within minutes I was in a white-out.”可知，前来帮助作者的人顶着大风大雪前来，分析选项，A项“fighting与……作斗争”表达的含义符合语境，故选A。]
14．D　[根据上文“Follow me.”可知，前来帮忙的人知道方向，故选D。]
15．C　[gratitude感激。根据上文“But really，I had no where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知，作者在暴风雪中迷路，被陌生人帮助。由此可知，作者心怀感激，故选C。]
Ⅲ.1.before　2.have played　3.Initially　4.after　5.variety
6．which　7.involving　8.are pulled　9.sold　10.a作业44　应用文写作＋读后续写
Ⅰ.应用文写作(通知)(满分15分)
(2024·浙江绍兴二模)
假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，本学期你校将为外籍学生开设一系列以中国传统文化为主题的研讨活动(workshop)，请你写一则通知，内容包括：
1．介绍活动；2.阐明理由；3.邀请参加。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
Notice
The Students’ Council
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
(2024·江苏宿迁一模)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Not again！” Aliya shouted angrily，looking at the marks she had attained in her maths test.
It seemed as if failing in the math test had become part and parcel of her life.Despite her efforts，she had been unable to perform well.Tears in her eyes，she quickly shoved(乱塞) the paper into her bag before any classmate could make a rude comment on her.
Effortlessly，using the back of her palm，she was wiping the tears when her teacher Mrs Leena noticed her.She came to Aliya’s desk and，in a soft voice，asked to see her during the break time.
Wondering what it could be，Aliya waited impatiently for lunchtime.Finally，when the bell rang，she made her way to Mrs Leena.As soon as she saw Aliya，she gestured for her to sit on the empty chair beside her.
She carefully studied her face，cleared her throat with a bright smile and said，“You seem to be anxious.I think I know what’s bothering you.If you allow me I think together we may come up with a good solution.”
With a puzzled look，she said，“Well ma’am，you know I have been struggling in maths since the beginning of the term.It seems as if no matter how hard I work，I am unable to get the desired result.I feel so upset.”
“You need not be so gloomy，” encouraged Mrs Leena.“With these three key ingredients：hard work，determination and resilience(韧性)，you will move ahead and succeed.It’s always the first step that’s difficult，but once you decide not to look back and not give up，you will be successful，my e on，gather yourself and let’s work on it together.”
From that day onwards，Aliya worked harder，following her teacher’s advice.By the time the final exams drew close，she had thoroughly revised her math book and got well-prepared.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
On the exam day，a fear of failure upset her stomach.
She passed her math exam with an unbelievable A grade on her report card.
答案精析
Ⅰ.参考范文
Notice
For the sake of helping international students adapt to the life here，our school is organizing a series of workshops on traditional Chinese culture.
As scheduled，the workshops are to take place every Thursday this semester in our lecture hall，from 6 p．m.to 8 p．m.During this period，you will be exposed to the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture outside class，gaining a better insight into Four Treasures of Study，Four Great Inventions，ancient music and lion dance，etc.A certain amount of time will be set aside in each workshop for interaction，during which a teacher will be available to clarify your doubts or offer some suggestions if necessary.
The workshops are supposed to expand your perspective of traditional Chinese culture and meanwhile，make your campus life here easier and more fruitful.We sincerely hope to see you there!
The Students’ Council
Ⅱ.参考范文
On the exam day，a fear of failure upset her stomach.Aliya’s heart raced as she sat down in front of the desk.She took a deep breath，trying to recall the encouragement from Mrs Leena.As she began the test，the questions seemed difficult at first，but she pushed through，step by step，using the strategies she had learned.With each question she completed，her confidence grew.By the end of the exam，Aliya felt a sense of accomplishment，not because she was sure she had aced it，but because she had faced her fears and given it her all.
She passed her math exam with an unbelievable A grade on her report card.The moment she saw the grade，tears of joy welled up in her eyes.It wasn’t just a grade.It was a testament to her hard work，her teacher’s unwavering support，and the resilience she had found within herself.Aliya left the room with her head held high，no longer the student who dreaded math，but a young woman who had conquered her fears and believed in her abilities.作业45　四选一阅读＋七选五阅读
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·江苏南通一模)
Where to Eat in Kuala Lumpur
Great restaurants in Kuala Lumpur offer a genuine global dining experience.Whether you are looking to enjoy hearty comfort food or some local delicacies，the city’s dining scene satisfies all comers.
Mum’s Place
Nothing brings more comfort than mom’s cooking.With recipes inspired by the owners’ mother，this restaurant brings you Nyonya dishes that are truly Malaysian.Located in the district of Damansara Perdana，Mum’s Place is a neighbourhood restaurant with its main customers from residents nearby.Some of the best dishes include cencaru fish，devil curry chicken and beef rendang.
Cantaloupe
Located about 20 minutes from downtown Malacca，it is a home-based eatery with about 10 tables manned by four operators.Unlike most restaurants，food is self-service here，with dishes placed on catering pans for customers to choose from.It serves traditional Malaysian dishes with distinct Chinese influences.You will find rice dumplings and chicken rendang among the offerings.It has two branches in the city.Their dishes sell out fast，so it’d be best to head there before lunch time.
Yum Yum Restaurant
Situated in the beautiful Shangri-La Hotel，Yum Yum Restaurant is among the locals’ many favourite spots to dine at.It offers an interesting Nyonya and Thai food with Chinese influences that make them stand out.The classic dishes include sambal petai prawns，assam fish head and Yum Yum egg.It can get crowded here，so it’d be best to head there early or call ahead for reservations.
Troika Sky Dining
Offering fine dining，the impressive Troika Sky Dining undoubtedly stands out from the pack.Set on the 23rd floor of Tower B of the Troika，it goes without saying that the cloud-skimming views here are something else entirely.The food is what helped it stand out.It serves award-winning French，Italian，Greek，and Spanish food and an adventurous menu of high-end pizzas and pasta.
1．What do Mum’s Place and Yum Yum Restaurant have in common
A．They are based in hotels.
B．They serve Nyonya dishes.
C．They need prior reservations.
D．They offer breathtaking views.
2．Which restaurant serves Western food
A．Mum’s Place.
B．Cantaloupe.
C．Yum Yum Restaurant.
D．Troika Sky Dining.
3．What’s special about Cantaloupe
A．It is a buffet restaurant.
B．It serves hard-to-find dishes.
C．It has branches throughout Asia.
D．It opens for lunch earlier than others.
B
(2024·浙江杭州模拟)
I’m a walker，logging an average of 9,000 steps a day several times a week around my neighborhood.On recent trips to Copenhagen and Stockholm，I noticed tall，fit Scandinavians(斯堪的纳维亚人) walking along on city streets with poles，as if they were cross-country skiing without any snow.
It was a surprise to learn that the addition of the poles makes it a more vigorous，full-body exercise than simply walking—and，as a 76-year-old looking to stay healthy while enjoying the outdoors，I decided to give it a try.
There’s plenty of help online for the new Nordic(北欧的) walker: stand tall，swing your arms out as if to shake hands，and plant your poles with vigour.Then there’s the little matter of the strap(带子) on the pole.This allows the walker to grip the pole when thrusting forward and then relax that hand as the other hand pushes forward—a skill of coordination that builds stronger muscles.
For a warm-up，I started slow: Nordic walking down the hall that extends from my front door to the deck.Keeping balance wasn’t my only problem.The novel use of my arms and upper body was surprisingly demanding.After half an hour，my heart was pounding and I was sweating，but I still wasn’t much good.
Still，I carried on because there’s no arguing with the exercise’s benefits.Nordic walkers’ upper-body exercise increases their heart rate significantly more than walking without poles.And according to cardiologist Dr Aaron Baggish，with poles “you’re engaging 80 to 90 per cent of your muscles.” It also helps people with Parkinson’s，says Burrill.“We put poles in their hands and it’s amazing because they start walking with real rhythm.”
After a few clumsy days of being convinced I would never succeed，suddenly everything clicked.Not only was I able to coordinate the movements，but I was aware that my heart，arms and core were getting a workout.Nordic walking is a form of exercise I expect to enjoy for years to come.
4．What inspired the writer to try Nordic walking
A．Enjoying the outdoor skiing.
B．Observing Scandinavians walking.
C．Getting tired of simple walking.
D．Fancying a healthy lifestyle.
5．What was the main challenge for the author during the initial stages of Nordic walking
A．Building strong muscle in the arms.
B．Using arms and upper body harmoniously.
C．Sweating with heart pounding.
D．Feeling discouraged for lack of progress.
6．What does the author want to show by mentioning people with Parkinson’s
A．The great benefits of Nordic walking.
B．The wide practice of Nordic walking.
C．The urgency to promote Nordic walking.
D．The promising future of Nordic walking.
7．What is the author’s intention in writing this passage
A．To persuade readers to try Nordic walking for fun.
B．To share the experience of trying a new fitness activity.
C．To emphasize the great difficulties of Nordic walking.
D．To compare Nordic walking with simple walking.
C
(2024·湖北三模)
Americans love their automobiles.So long，it seems，as they don’t run on batteries.A survey published in July by the Pew Research Centre found that less than two-fifths of them would consider buying an electric vehicle(EV)．Despite expanding charging networks and more EV models to choose from，that is a slightly lower share than the year before.
The biggest ①block to EV enthusiasm in America is price.The average EV there sells for $52,000，estimates Cox Automotive，a ②consultancy.That is not a world away from the $48,000 that Americans typically pay for a petrol vehicle.But total costs of ownership，which combine the sales price and running costs for five years，vary more widely.At $65,000，the typical EV is $9,000 more expensive to own than a petrol car(owing to factors like ③pricey home chargers，dearer insurance and，compared with Europe and China，inexpensive petrol)．
All this leaves America’s car industry circling a roundabout.Consumers’ unwillingness to pay for expensive EVs is forcing carmakers to take action to shift stock(库存)．Some company has cut its prices several times in the past year.Carmakers are offering average discounts of almost 10% on their EVs，more than twice as generous as for petrol cars.But this is making it even harder for the companies to make money from battery power.Continued losses in turn may make car firms lose appetite to invest in a broader electric offering that would appeal to buyers.
American carmakers are still hoping they can escape this vicious(恶性的) circle.They are mostly postponing their American EV investments rather than pulling the plug on them.And in January the EV tax credits(免税) became available at the point of sale，making it less ④burdensome for buyers to take advantage of them.All this could eventually generate profits for car firms.Eventually may，though，come a bit later than hoped.
8．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The lack of diversity of EVs.
B．The uncertain prospect of EVs.
C．The barrier to the purchase of EVs.
D．The urgency of price reduction on EVs.
9．How do carmakers deal with the depressed EV industry
A．Issuing EV tax credits policy.
B．Offering better discounts on EVs.
C．Cutting down the cost of production.
D．Investing in a wider electric offering.
10．What is the carmakers’ attitude towards the future of EV industry
A．Dissatisfied. B．Dismissive.
C．Cautious. D．Casual.
11．What may be the best title of the text
A．Is America’s EV Revolution Suspending
B．Do Electric Vehicles Outweigh Petrol Cars
C．EV Revolution Is Promoting Energy Transition
D．EV Is Gradually Dominating America’s Car Industry
语境猜词
①block熟义：n.街区；v.阻挡
生义(文义)：
②consultancy(派)＝consult＋ancy
③pricey(派)＝price＋y
④burdensome(合)＝burden＋some
D
(2024·广东梅州二模)
At first look，the playground at the Children’s Guild—Transformation Academy in Baltimore，Maryland，looks like any other.It has swings，slides，and places for children to climb and crawl.But the playground is not just a place for fun.It is also a place where students can learn，grow and gain independence.Everything—from the kind of surface it sits on，to the color of its sitting areas，to the placement of the surrounding fence—is specifically designed for kids with autism(自闭症)．
Mark Rapaport is the managing director of autism services at the Transformation Academy.He said the school accepts students who are aged 5 to 21 with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) and are lower-functioning.
Rapaport said the goal of Transformation Academy is to make the students as independent as possible in an effort to help them prepare for adult life.The school aims to provide help with developing communication and social skills，as well as practical abilities like cleaning or cooking.
The playground designed by Maryland company Sparks@Play，using structures manufactured by Landscape Structures，Inc.，took a month to develop，said Dan Hack.He works for Sparks@Play and helped lead the playground’s design.Hack said he and others spent weeks getting to know the students and understanding their needs before any building was started.The design process involved physical therapists，occupational therapists，and other specialists.The huge $500,000 project was funded with support from the state of Maryland and the nonprofit Orokawa Foundation.
Parts of the playground that seem small are very important for children with autism and other disabilities.The surrounding fence extends into a wooded area to make it seem more open.And the ground under the play areas is made of soft，but solid materials to support students using wheelchairs or crutches.The benches on the outside of the playground look simple from far away，but are “one of our most inclusive sensory” elements，Hack said.They have many different colors that bring about feelings of calm and curiosity.They are also made with smooth material that can be felt and moved.The academy’s Rapaport said if a child starts to feel uneasy，they can sit down and feel the bench，which can help them relax.
12．Why is the playground in Baltimore designed with special materials
A．To make it superior to other playgrounds.
B．To better serve children with autism.
C．To improve the quality of the playground.
D．To make it easier for kids to climb and crawl.
13．What can we learn from the playground project
A．It took months to complete the project.
B．The design process is simple and easy.
C．The result of the project is uncertain.
D．It’s a money-consuming project.
14．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The scale and the structure of the playground.
B．Ways for kids to free from stress and relax themselves.
C．The underlying logic and reasonable factors of the playground.
D．The advantages of the playground for autism and disabled kids.
15．Which best describes the playground in Baltimore
A．Advanced.
B．Environmental-friendly.
C．Functional.
D．Convenient.
Ⅱ.七选五阅读(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·湖南衡阳二模)
①Cheerfulness is a powerful way to deal with a world that will always be tough and unjust in one way or another.It is a sign of strength in the face of difficulties.Different from fear，joy，or anger，cheerfulness isn’t something that overcomes you. 1 As such，you can include it into your life once you make the right mental switch.Here are four ways to do so.
◎Acknowledge the difficulties.
Cheerfulness is an honest emotion because you’re not hiding from reality. 2 Instead，it’s extremely important to be honest with yourself about the problems you’re facing.Only by first
acknowledging that things are tough will you be able to find ways to cope.
◎Don’t focus on the negative.
Whether in your personal life or in society，it’s easy to focus on what’s going wrong.But whatever you focus on，it grows.If you decide to focus on what’s going wrong，those problems will grow in your mind until they consume you. 3
◎Be grateful for what you have.
4 Usually，they’re the things we ②take for granted until they’re no longer there，such as good health，a loving family，or even something as simple as a beautiful sunrise.Being grateful will shift your perspective and make it easier to see ③the silver linings of your problems.
◎ 5
No cheerfulness without laughter.So you can watch comedies，browse memes，or joke around with friends.Laughter strengthens your immune system，boosts your mood，makes you feel less pain，and protects you from stress.Laughter is cathartic(精神宣泄的) and ④infectious.Laugh and brighten the room.
A．Find your sense of humor.
B．Deal with difficulties seriously.
C．Focus on the good things you have.
D．To a large degree，cheerfulness is a choice.
E．You’re not covering your eyes and looking away.
F．Acknowledge the problems，but don’t give them too much attention.
G．Being cheerful will make you see the world and your own life in a different way.
语境猜词
①cheerfulness(派)＝cheer＋ful＋ness
②take...for granted
③the silver lining
④infectious(派)＝infect＋ious
语境猜词答案 Ⅰ.C.①n.阻碍；障碍　②n.咨询公司　③adj.价格高的，昂贵的　④adj.负担沉重的，难以承担的 Ⅱ.①n.高兴，快活　②视……为理所当然　③(不幸或失望中的)一线希望　④adj.有感染力的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．B　[细节理解题。根据文章Mum’s Place部分的“this restaurant brings you Nyonya dishes that are truly Malaysian”以及Yum Yum Restaurant部分的“Yum Yum Restaurant...offers an interesting Nyonya and Thai food”可知Mum’s Place和Yum Yum Restaurant的共同之处在于这两家餐厅都提供娘惹菜。故选B。]
2．D　[细节理解题。根据文章Troika Sky Dining部分的“It serves award-winning French，Italian，Greek，and Spanish food and an adventurous menu of high-end pizzas and pasta.”可知Troika Sky Dining提供西餐。故选D。]
3．A　[细节理解题。根据文章Cantaloupe部分的“Unlike most restaurants，food is self-service here，with dishes placed on catering pans for customers to choose from.”可知Cantaloupe的特别之处在于它是一家自助餐厅。故选A。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者尝试新的健身活动——北欧式健走的体验以及其益处。
4．B　[细节理解题。由文章第一段中“On recent trips to Copenhagen and Stockholm...as if they were cross-country skiing without any snow.”以及第二段“It was a surprise to learn that the addition of the poles makes it a more vigorous...I decided to give it a try.”可知，观察斯堪的纳维亚人拄着两根手杖行走激发了作者尝试这种新的健身活动的灵感。故选B。]
5．B　[细节理解题。由文章第四段中“The novel use of my arms and upper body was surprisingly demanding.”可知，在行走的最初阶段，作者面临的主要挑战是手臂与上身协调使用。故选B。]
6．A　[推理判断题。由文章第五段中“Still，I carried on because there’s no arguing with the exercise’s benefits.”以及“It also helps people with Parkinson’s，says Burrill.‘We put poles in their hands and it’s amazing because they start walking with real rhythm.’”可知，作者想通过提到帕金森氏症患者来展示这种运动的巨大好处。故选A。]
7．B　[写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“It was a surprise to learn...I decided to give it a try.”可知，文章主要介绍了作者尝试新的健身活动的体验。故选B。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国电动汽车行业面临的挑战和困境，包括电动汽车价格昂贵导致购买者热情不高，电动汽车制造商给予更高折扣导致其自身利润下降等问题，最后指出，美国汽车制造商仍希望摆脱当前的困境，实现盈利可能会比预期的时间晚一些。
8．C　[段落大意题。第二段第一句“The biggest block to EV enthusiasm in America is price.”是此段主题句，指出价格是阻碍美国人购买电动汽车的最大障碍；下文通过引用咨询公司Cox Automotive的数据，通过具体的数字来说明价格是最大障碍；由此可知，这一段主要讲了影响美国人购买电动汽车热情的障碍——电动汽车的购买成本较高。故选C。]
9．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Consumers’ unwillingness to pay for expensive EVs is forcing carmakers to take action...more than twice as generous as for petrol cars.”可知，美国汽车制造商被迫在电动汽车销售上提供大幅折扣来销出存货，以应对电动汽车行业的低迷。故选B。]
10．C　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中“American carmakers are still hoping they can escape this vicious(恶性的) circle.They are mostly postponing their American EV investments rather than pulling the plug on them.”可知，美国汽车制造商仍然希望能摆脱这种恶性循环，他们大多推迟了在美国的电动汽车投资，而不是停止投资；由此可知，美国汽车制造商对电动汽车行业的未来持谨慎态度。故选C。]
11．A　[标题归纳题。第一段指出，调查发现，尽管充电网不断扩大，可供选择的电动汽车车型也越来越多，但是美国人对购买电动汽车的热情并不高；下文详细阐述了美国电动汽车行业面临的挑战和困境，包括电动汽车价格昂贵导致购买者热情不高，电动汽车制造商给予更高折扣导致其自身利润下降等问题，最后指出，美国汽车制造商仍希望摆脱当前的困境，实现盈利可能会比预期的时间晚一些。A选项“Is America’s EV Revolution Suspending？”能够概括文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马里兰州巴尔的摩市专门为患有自闭症和其他残疾的学生设计了一个游乐场，旨在帮助他们学习、成长和获得独立，使他们能够更好地融入社会并提高生活质量。
12．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Everything...is specifically designed for kids with autism(自闭症)．”和最后一段中“And the ground under the play areas is made of soft，but solid materials to support students using wheelchairs or crutches.”和“They are also made with smooth material...which can help them relax.”可知，位于巴尔的摩的这个游乐场由特殊材料设计而成是为了更好地服务自闭症儿童。故选B。]
13．D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“The huge $500,000 project was funded with support from the state of Maryland and the nonprofit Orokawa Foundation.”可知，这个操场项目耗资巨大。故选D。]
14．C　[段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段主要讲的是游乐场的设计理念以及包含为自闭症患者带来舒适感觉的因素，即设计游乐场的潜在逻辑和合理因素。故选C。]
15．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hack said he and others spent weeks getting to know the students...and other specialists.”以及最后一段中“And the ground under the play areas is made of soft，but solid materials to support students using wheelchairs or crutches.”和“They have many different colors...can be felt and moved.”可知，在这个游乐场建造之前，设计师充分了解了学生的需求，游乐场是按照学生的需求而建，故它是具有实用功能的。故选C。]
Ⅱ.1.D　2.E　3.F　4.C　5.A作业46 四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：40分)
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
(2024·湖南怀化一模)
The world’s largest ape Gigantopithecus blacki(G.blacki) vanished from Earth between 295,000 and 215,000 years ago，more than 100,000 years earlier than once thought，pushed to extinction as the environment around it shifted，researchers reported recently in Nature.
The fate of G．blacki，twice the size of the largest modern apes and resembling a super-sized version of its close cousin，the orangutan，has long been a mystery.For about 2 million years，G.blacki inhabited a landscape of forests and grasses in what’s now southern China.It left behind only scattered remnants：thousands of teeth and four jawbones，unearthed in cave sediments in the region.
To establish a chronology(年表) for the ape’s extinction，paleoanthropologist Yingqi Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and his colleagues used different dating techniques to determine the ape’s habits，diet and environment.In the teeth，they looked for data on the ape’s diet，measuring isotopes(同位素) of carbon and oxygen as well as examining the teeth for tiny evidence of wear and tear—which can reveal not only diet，but also give hints of repeated behaviors and stress.The team also analyzed the cave sediments bearing the fossils，hunting for fossil pollen and conducting luminescence dating(释光测年) on radioactive elements within the sediments.
The team’s reconstruction revealed that around 700,000 to 600,000 years ago，southern China shifted from its forested landscape to a more seasonally-driven environment.Some apes，including the orangutans，were able to adapt to these changes.But G．blacki was unable to change rapidly enough，and its numbers slowly dwindled before going extinct，the team suggested.
The assembled evidence told a convincing story that “the extinction of G．blacki coincided in southern China with a decrease of forest cover and expansion of savanna-like environments，” said Hervé Bocherens，a biogeologist at the University of Tuebingen in Germany.Still，he said，documenting the extinction of this species from the fossil record is tricky—and it’s impossible to rule out the possibility that pockets of G．blacki may have lingered in still-undiscovered caves for longer.
1．What can be known about G．blacki according to paragraph 2
A．G.blacki shared certain similarities with the orangutan.
B．G.blacki was twice heavier than modern apes.
C．G.blacki lived in places full of basins and deserts.
D．G.blacki might have thousands of teeth.
2．What did Zhang and his workmates do to figure out information related to G．blacki
A．They checked the situation of G．blacki.
B．They repeated the behaviors done by G．blacki.
C．They applied radioactive elements to the analysis of the cave sediments.
D．They measured isotopes of carbon and hydrogen in G．blacki’s diet.
3．What is the meaning of the underlined word “dwindled” in paragraph 4
A．Increased. B．Reduced.
C．Unchanged. D．Multiplied.
4．What can we learn from Bocherens’ words
A．Many hands make light work.
B．One good turn deserves another.
C．Knowledge advances by steps and not by leaps.
D．Experience must be bought.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·广东湛江高三二模)
As an assistant manager at a restaurant，I encountered a heart-warming experience.One day，a father and his young son 1 the restaurant and spent a very long time looking through the menu. 2 ，the father came up and started asking me about 3 because his son was allergic to some food.
At some point，the boy，who was probably six or seven， 4 me a laminated(用薄片覆盖的) card that listed all his allergies.They were a lot.It was 5 for me to remember them，and I didn’t know what the seasoning mixtures were，so I asked to borrow the 6 so I could go check.He 7 ，and off I went.
It 8 that many of our seasoning and sauces contained allergens for the boy.After much effort，I found a 9 option for him and took extra precautions due to his meat allergy.The father was grateful and explained they had 10 to find suitable dining options.This 11 the beginning of a special connection，as they became 12 customers，visiting at least once a week.
The positive 13 I received was a heartening reminder that through genuine care and understanding，we can make a 14 .It reinforces my commitment to ensure that each guest’s experience is memorable and that they can 15 their unique needs.
1．A.entered B．denied
C．noticed D．checked
2．A.Formally B．Gradually
C．Immediately D．Eventually
3．A.expenses B．ingredients
C．tastes D．quantities
4．A.wrote B．drew
C．handed D．lent
5．A.interesting B．enjoyable
C．useless D．impossible
6．A.card B．boy
C．money D．menu
7．A.hesitated B．agreed
C．cried D．laughed
8．A.came to B．looked like
C．ended up D．turned out
9．A.clever B．cheap
C．safe D．new
10．A.struggled B．pretended
C．decided D．forgotten
11．A.designed B．broke
C．marked D．kept
12．A.private B．regular
C．normal D．curious
13．A.lesson B．present
C．envy D．response
14．A.difference B．change
C．sense D．promise
15．A.accept B．promote
C．tailor D．dismiss
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·湖南益阳三模)
Chinese New Year，also known as the Spring Festival or Lunar New Year，is a vibrant and festive celebration 1. (mark) the beginning of the lunar calendar.This annual event 2.______________(root) in Chinese culture，symbolizing renewal，family reunions，and guiding in of good fortune.
The festivities typically span 15 days, 3. colorful parades，dragon and lion dances crowding the streets.Families come together for plentiful feasts，exchanging gifts，and paying 4. (respect) to ancestors.The air is filled with the sounds of joyous laughter and traditional music.
One of the 5. (much) iconic features of Chinese New Year is the red decorations brightening homes and streets.Red symbolizes good luck and 6. (prosper) in Chinese culture.People also participate in the tradition of giving and receiving red envelopes containing lucky money，known as “hongbao”，as 7. gesture of good wish and well-being.
As the Year of the Dragon，Loong Year is particularly auspicious，believed 8.__________________(bring) strength，vitality，and success.People across the globe join in the festivities，creating a sense of unity and shared celebration.
Chinese New Year is a time-honored tradition that 9. (exceed) borders emphasizing the importance of family，cultural heritage,10. the hopeful anticipation of a prosperous year ahead.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了研究发现步氏巨猿远比人们所认为的灭绝得更早。
1．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“The fate of G．blacki，twice the size of the largest modern apes and resembling a super-sized version of its close cousin，the orangutan，has long been a mystery.”可知，步氏巨猿就像放大版的红毛猩猩，即它和红毛猩猩之间有一定相似性，故选A。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“To establish a chronology(年表) for the ape’s extinction...to determine the ape’s habits，diet and environment.”可知，为了弄明白步氏巨猿的灭绝时间，张和其团队研究了步氏巨猿的习性、饮食、生活环境等状况，故选A。]
3．B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前“But G．blacki was unable to change rapidly enough”以及画线词后的“before going extinct”可知，步氏巨猿无法足够快地适应变化，其数量应是先慢慢减少，最后灭绝，dwindled意为“减少”，故选B。]
4．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still，he said，documenting the extinction...still-undiscovered caves for longer.”可知，Bocherens对最新研究成果持保守态度，认为根据化石记录弄明白物种灭绝事件很难，并且不能排除一些步氏巨猿在尚未被发现的洞穴中存活了更久的可能性，故我们能从中学到：认知是循序渐进的，不能一跃而就，故选C。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者作为一家餐厅的助理经理，为对多种食物过敏的小男孩定制菜品的暖心故事。
1．A　[enter进入；deny否认；notice注意到；check检查。根据下文“spent a very long time looking through the menu”可知，应是先进入餐厅，然后浏览菜单。故选A。]
2．D　[formally正常地；gradually逐渐地；immediately立即；eventually最后。根据上文可知，这位父亲花了很长时间浏览菜单，所以是最后走过来问问题。故选D。]
3．B　[expense费用；ingredient材料，成分；taste口味；quantity数量。根据下文“because his son was allergic to some food”可知，小男孩对一些食物过敏，所以父亲询问的是有关食物材料的问题。故选B。]
4．C　[write写；draw画；hand递；lend借出。根据下文“They were a lot.”并结合语境可知，男孩递给作者一张列出所有过敏原的卡片。故选C。]
5．D　[interesting有趣的；enjoyable令人愉快的；useless无用的；impossible不可能的。根据上文“They were a lot.”可知，男孩的过敏原很多，所以作者不可能记住它们。故选D。]
6．A　[card卡片；boy男孩；money钱；menu菜单。根据上文“a laminated(用薄片覆盖的) card”可知，男孩给作者递了一张卡片，作者要求借用卡片以便去核实。card是原词复现。故选A。]
7．B　[hesitate犹豫；agree答应；cry哭；laugh大笑。根据下文“and off I went”可知，男孩同意了作者的请求。故选B。]
8．D　[come to来到；look like看起来像；end up结果，最终；turn out结果是，事实证明。上文提到作者去核实菜品材料，故此处是指结果。故选D。]
9．C　[clever聪明的；cheap便宜的；safe安全的；new新的。上文提到多数材料都会令男孩过敏，结合“After much effort”可知，作者终于为小男孩找到了一个安全的选择。故选C。]
10．A　[struggle努力；pretend假装；decide决定；forget忘记。根据本句的过去完成时态以及空后的“to find suitable dining options”可知，他们一直在努力寻找合适的用餐选择。struggle to do sth意为“努力做某事”。故选A。]
11．C　[design设计；break打破；mark标志；keep保持。根据下文可知，父子俩成了餐馆的常客，所以那一次就餐标志着一种特殊联系的开始。故选C。]
12．B　[private私人的；regular有规律的，经常的；normal正常的；curious好奇的。根据下文“visiting at least once a week”可知，父子俩成了餐馆的常客。故选B。]
13．D　[lesson课，教训；present礼物；envy羡慕；response回应。根据上文可知，父子俩成为常客是作者得到的积极回应。故选D。]
14．A　[difference差异；change改变；sense意义；promise承诺。make a difference意为“有影响；起(重要)作用”。此处指通过真正的关心和理解，我们可以有所作为。故选A。]
15．C　[accept接受；promote促进；tailor定制；dismiss解雇。根据下文“their unique needs”可知，此处指顾客可以定制他们的独特需求。故选C。]
Ⅲ.1.marking　2.is rooted　3.with　4.respects　5.most　6.prosperity　7.a　8.to bring　9.exceeds　10.and作业47　应用文写作＋读后续写
Ⅰ.应用文写作(短文投稿)(满分15分)
(2024·浙江杭州二模)
本学期你校开设了每周一节的英语文学阅读课，请你就此写一篇短文向学校英文报“Student Voice”栏目投稿，内容包括：
1．课程介绍(目的、内容、上课方式等)；2.你的收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
English Literature Reading Class Opens a New World
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
(2024·浙江台州二模)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I stood in the restaurant kitchen，my eyes wide，arms hanging awkwardly，ready to work but unsure of what to do.“You will be trained first，” my manager Aaron said，“and do remember to check every detail！” With these words，he walked away.
A workmate threw me a dish brush and said，“Let’s get started.” He introduced me to the basics of washing dishes and demonstrated the process.This was the beginning of my part-time job，a new stage where I was both eager to learn and anxious about the challenges ahead.
On a Friday night，Aaron swiftly entered the kitchen.“Who has just bused(收拾) the back right table？” he shouted，his voice sharp with urgency.My hands，slippery with bubbles from the bowl I was washing，nearly let it slip through my fingers.I wanted to say I was guilty，but Aaron’s cold stare didn’t promise a happy reward for the guy who admitted.Finally，a mix of fear and my own conscience pushed the response out of my mouth.
“I did，Aaron.”
“What were you thinking Get back out here and look at what you missed！” His words forced me forward.I grabbed a rag(抹布) and followed him out to table twenty-two.As we made our way through the restaurant，he said something about rags，but I didn’t hear clearly with other conversations going on around us.
I quickly realized the true issue was the mess beneath the table.A nearly full cup of beer had tipped over，creating a small lake on the floor.It was a significant mistake on my part.“Take care of it！” Aaron turned and stormed off to the front of the restaurant.
I dropped down to clean up the beer.That was when another problem occurred.I had brought only one rag.One already wet rag.It did nothing but increase the size of the lake.“More rags，” I thought.Immediately，I rushed into the kitchen and hurriedly grabbed five dry rags，hoping Aaron wouldn’t notice my brief absence.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I had just rushed out when I found Aaron standing in my way.
After cleaning up the mess，I reflected on Aaron’s words.
答案精析
Ⅰ.参考范文
English Literature Reading Class Opens a New World
I’m more than excited to share my experience of the weekly English Literature Reading class.
Starting this semester，the class is designed specifically for us to enhance our English proficiency.Each week this class unfolds with a new literary masterpiece ranging from classic novels to contemporary poetry.Through interactive discussions，group readings，and insightful analysis，we are able to explore the depths of literary.Not only does literature reading give me great enjoyment，but I’ve honed critical thinking skills.
Additionally，the class has sparked a newfound passion for literature within me，igniting my desire to explore further in the vast world of English letters.It has undoubtedly been a highlight of this academic semester.
Ⅱ.参考范文
I had just rushed out when I found Aaron standing in my way.“What’s up？” he asked sharply，his eyes fixed on me.Feeling the weight of my mistake，I stammered nervously，“I need dry rags...to...clean...” Upon hearing this，Aaron let out a heavy sigh.“I told you to grab four dry rags as you came out.Didn’t you hear me？” he remarked，a hint of disappointment in his voice.“This job is about being careful.Now，go clean that up！” Avoiding his gaze，I dashed towards table twenty-two.With an ample supply of rags，I threw myself into the task，tirelessly mopping，scrubbing，and wiping.
After cleaning up the mess，I reflected on Aaron’s words.They were sharp but absolutely right.My inexperience and initial anxiety in this new job had led me to overlook crucial details，and I should have been more mindful of my work.Taking a deep breath，I returned to my duties，bearing Aaron’s words in mind.With every dish washed and every table cleared，I made sure to double-check my work.Everything went well and soon I realized this carefulness would not just apply to cleaning；it would influence every aspect of my job，preparing me to embrace any challenge with responsibility and confidence.作业48　四选一阅读＋七选五阅读
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·山东济南一模)
Making tiny furniture is no piece of cake.In this course，join Amanda Kelly，who is now pursuing her Master’s degree of Fine Arts in Sculpture at Radford University，to learn how to create ①realistic furniture from the beginning.While students who have taken this course are highly encouraged to sign up，students of all levels are welcome!
Course Overview
This course includes five sessions，each lasting for 2 hours on five Tuesdays beginning on November 7.
Session 1(Tuesday,11/7,7－9：00 PM) Foundations and Scale
Session 2(Tuesday,11/14,7－9：00 PM) Making the Side Table
Session 3(Tuesday,11/21,7－9：00 PM) Making the Bed
Session 4(Tuesday,11/28,7－9：00 PM) One Person’s Waste Is Another’s Tiny Treasure
Session 5(Tuesday,12/5,7－9：00 PM) Sharing Your Creations
Pricing Options
In addition to ②full-price tickets of $225，a limited number of no-pay tickets are available for this course.Please note that these tickets are reserved for those who would not otherwise be able to take this course and who expect to attend all sessions.No-pay tickets are distributed via a random drawing two weeks before each course begins.For more information and to apply for a no-pay spot，please click here.
What Else to Know
This is an ③interactive，small-group workshop.Students are encouraged to participate in discussions and work on assignments outside of class.Due to the interactive nature of this course，we strongly recommend students attend as many live sessions as possible.If students are unable to attend the ④ live sessions，after each session they will receive access to a recording of the live session，which they can watch for up to two weeks after the course concludes.
1．In which session may students display their works
A．Session 2. B．Session 3.
C．Session 4. D．Session 5.
2．What can students do if they miss a live session
A．Reach out to other students.
B．Email the instructor immediately.
C．Make up for the class within 72 hours.
D．Watch the recorded class within 14 days.
3．What is the text
A．A research paper. B．A submission guide.
C．A course introduction. D．A furniture brochure.
语境猜词
①realistic(派)＝real＋istic
②full-price(合)＝full＋price
③interactive(派)＝inter＋act＋ive
④live熟义：v.生活；以……为生；居住
生义(文义)：
B
(2024·山东齐鲁三联考)
On that hot August day in 2023，as ash rained down and flames closed in，Jim Rhodes didn’t want to be anywhere but Coulterville.“My kid called from Alabama.We first heard about the fire from him，” Rhodes recalls.“He said，‘Evacuate(撤离)！’ I said，‘Evacuate To where？’”
Coulterville is a tiny town located among dry hills where local people raise cattle and other livestock.It has a main street，a park and a museum.It’s got a cafe，a grocery shop and a post.And with summer temperatures routinely ①topping 100 degrees，it has fires—sometimes big fires.
Eventually，this big fire got a name：the Moc Fire，for the tiny town of Moccasin—where it began as a brush fire.
It burnt for 10 days，consuming almost 3,000 acres.Rhodes woke to find his truck covered in ash and the news was broadcasting evacuation orders.Ranchers(牧场主) across the region were fighting to protect their animals，loading them into the truck or just setting them loose to find safety.Volunteers were readying fairgrounds nearby to shelter animals.Already they were filling up with dogs，cats，chickens，horses，cattle，goats，sheep and rabbits.
As residents and animals were brought out，firefighters ②poured in.“With them came the biggest bulldozer(挖土机)I’ve ever seen，” says Rhodes.“And they were sent to cut the firebreak that could save the town.We knew that if it destroyed the cut，we’d all have to get out of here.”
The situation was clear.The danger was growing.But slowly Rhodes realized that he hadn’t come to Coulterville just to leave when the town needed him.He stayed，joining the ③handful of residents who gathered around the main street where fire officials posted updates.He knew he could help somebody，somehow.
Around midmorning，a farmer he’d never met came by asking for help with animal evacuation.Rhodes’s phone was still ringing，but he knew what to do.“I hung up my phone，got in the truck and ④headed down to his farm，” he says.
4．Why did Rhodes’ kid call
A．To help him put out the fire.
B．To inform him of the big fire.
C．To ask him to set animals free.
D．To persuade him to stay home.
5．What can we know about Coulterville
A．Most residents there raise livestock.
B．It is a small town far from Moccasin.
C．This place seldom has fires in summer.
D．Its inhabitants have plenty of bulldozers.
6．What would Rhodes do next according to the last paragraph
A．Move out to reunite with his kid.
B．Gather his animals to a safe shelter.
C．Help the stranger to save his animals.
D．Join the residents to cut the firebreak.
7．What is the best title of the text
A．Saving Wild Animals in Coulterville
B．A Trusted Neighbor in the Moc Fire
C．A Tiny Town Suffering a Big Disaster
D．Escaping from the Front Line of the Fire
语境猜词
①top熟义：n.顶部，顶端adj.顶端的，顶部的
生义(文义)：
②pour in
③handful(派)＝hand＋ful
④head down to
C
(2024·湖南常德一模)
“So，Mr Albert，you’ve told us about your strengths but what about your weaknesses？” It’s a common interview question.To which a classic humblebrag(谦虚自夸) reply is，“Well.I must admit that I’m a bit of a ①perfectionist.” After all，what company wouldn’t want to employ somebody who seeks perfection But it turns out that there is a profound difference between high-achievers and perfectionists.In a cruel irony，the perfectionist traits could actually prevent someone from achieving their full potential.
The roots of perfectionism actually lie in a deep desire to feel perfect.Most often a perfectionist personality is formed in reaction to some form of childhood trauma.For example，following her parents’ divorce，a young girl might strive to always be good，to always be perfect because at some level she believes that it must have been her fault that her parents separated.So as long as she is perfect，nothing so terrible would happen again.
Given such origins，it appears that the thinking and emotional styles associated with perfectionism are particularly dangerous to mental health.Think of the harshest and most ②merciless perfectionists you know.They always，always，always find fault.Their cognitive(认知的) styles include ③all-or-nothing thinking，where only perfection is seen as an acceptable result；fear of failure，where a perfectionist is driven by fear rather than pulled by the prospect of success in their endeavors；④defensiveness in the face of constructive criticism.All of these seem to be linked to a wide range of psychological problems including eating disorders，anxiety and depression，and even suicide.
Changing this mindset is the key to treating the condition when it becomes a disorder but it is difficult to achieve.Perfectionists are essentially in an abusive relationship with themselves.It’s hard enough to withdraw from abusive relationships with others.How much harder is it when you yourself are the abuser So perhaps a better answer to the interview question posed at the start of this article would be，“I used to be a perfectionist but now I’m well on the road to recovery.”
8．Why does the author mention the interview question in paragraph 1
A．To provide an example.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support the argument.
D．To attract the readers’ interest.
9．Who will most probably become a perfectionist
A．A high-achiever.
B．A person who always finds fault.
C．An overconfident man.
D．A son of a violent alcoholic father.
10．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Perfectionism often has three different types.
B．Perfectionism has a bad effect on physical health.
C．Perfectionism is caused by high personal standard.
D．Perfectionism is a risk factor for psychological disorders.
11．What does the author think of perfectionism
A．It’s hard for people to get rid of it.
B．It drives people to achieve success.
C．It’s more of a strength than a weakness.
D．It inevitably leads to mental problems.
语境猜词
①perfectionist(派)＝perfect＋ion＋ist
②merciless(派)＝merc(y)＋iless
③all-or-nothing(合)＝all＋or＋nothing
④defensiveness(派)＝defens(e)＋ive＋ness
D
(2024·河南南阳一模)
Text message acronyms(首字母缩略词) caused plenty of confusion for the older generations when mobile phones became ①commonplace—now emojis are making the embarrassment become more serious.
Slack，a workplace messaging service，②surveyed 9,400 office workers worldwide including 1,000 in the UK.It found the biggest emoji socially embarrassing action or mistake at work was pictures of lips.Most older workers did not realize the double meaning of the peach emoji，which for younger users means hips.Olivia Grace，a director at Slack，said，“The findings of our research are very clear—be careful when communicating with emojis across generations.Emojis offer a great way to communicate emotion，whether it’s a joke，support or something else，but it’s good to be aware that different meanings may exist to avoid any awkward ③interpretations.”
The simple smiling face was also a source of misunderstanding—60 percent of over-40s used it to show happiness or pleasure but a significant number of younger workers used it to convey “deep anger”．An image of someone painting their nails was the most confusing—it meant nothing to the older generation，while the under-25s said they used it to say “there is gossip”，and the 25- to 40-year-olds used it to communicate making themselves more beautiful.However，all ages agreed on the meaning of some emojis，such as a face with tears of laughter and a crying emoji.
Speaking about its reasons for conducting the survey，Slack said，“Are there certain emojis that should restrict your boss from using them Have your international colleagues ever misunderstood an emoji And do you usually wait to build a relationship before sending emojis at work？” It ④added that with thousands of emojis at users’ treatment，“there’s a lot of potential” to communicate by mistake.
Emojis are not technically a form of language，as they lack grammar.The original user of a particular emoji has no copyright on how it is to be understood.The significance of emojis belongs to those who use them，and they have a truly valuable role in written communication.
12．What did Slack find about emojis
A．Acronyms cause more confusion than them.
B．People understand some of them differently.
C．It’s popular for office workers to use them.
D．They can avoid many awkward situations.
13．How is the third paragraph developed
A．By analyzing causes.
B．By raising questions.
C．By following time order.
D．By making comparisons.
14．Why did Slack conduct the survey
A．To help people use emojis properly.
B．To find original emojis.
C．To prove the convenience of emojis.
D．To explain some special emojis.
15．What is the author’s attitude towards using emojis
A．Unclear. B．Dismissive.
C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
语境猜词
①commonplace(合)＝common＋place
②survey(转) n．→v.
③interpretation(派)＝interpret＋ation
④add(熟义：v.添加，增加；相加)生义(文义)：
Ⅱ.七选五阅读(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江嘉兴二模)
Education is a good opportunity for those of us who expect to better ourselves.But for people in full-time employment，getting the balancing act between work and studying can prove challenging.But look on the bright side. 1
University is often considered a logical step for people who wish to continue their education after school.While options of Master’s degrees，PhDs and other ①postgraduate qualifications exist，many students leave after obtaining their Bachelor’s and head into the world of work. 2 They hope it may open up new opportunities or help them to get a promotion.
In terms of the benefits，learning new techniques that you can bring into the workplace can make you more of an authority in your area and a ②go-to person for advice. 3 In short，studying more could make you more ③promotable down the line and more helpful to the business.
If you study in a classroom，your experience of the workplace could bring a wealth of knowledge to other students and provide real-life examples for you to draw on.You may also meet ④like-minded people. 4 In addition，while adult learners have to consider things like children，home lives and work，many adult and part-time courses are more flexible.Some courses can even be done partly or entirely online，which means you can manage your time more easily and don’t need to factor in travel time.
5 Increasing your skills may open up new careers in your professional life.
A．Studying part-time in the evenings can be a great choice.
B．So，what are the benefits of hitting the books once in work
C．Then you can expand your professional network in the future.
D．They may choose adult courses spreading over a number of years.
E．If the business has a skills shortage，you may be able to fill that gap.
F．Having done the same job for years，some feel like acquiring new skills.
G．So，there are a variety of options for those who wish to return to studying.
语境猜词
①postgraduate(合)＝post＋graduate
②go-to(合)＝go＋to
③promotable(派)＝promot(e)＋able
④like-minded(合)＝like＋minded
语境猜词答案 Ⅰ.A.①adj.逼真的　②adj.全价的　③ adj.交互式的；互动的　④adj.现场直播的 B．①v.超过　②大量地涌进来；蜂拥而来 ③n.少数，少量　④前往 C．①n.完美主义者　②adj.残忍的；无怜悯之心的 ③adj.全有或全无的，孤注一掷的　④n.防御性 D．①adj.普遍的　②调查　③n.理解　④v.补充说 Ⅱ.①n.研究生　②adj.(指对象)寻求协助的，征求意见的　③adj.能推广的　④adj.志趣相投的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一门制作家具的课程，包括课程概述、价格等信息。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据Course Overview中“Session 5(Tuesday,12/5,7－9：00 PM) Sharing Your Creations”可知，学生会在第五节课中展示自己的作品。故选D。]
2．D　[细节理解题。根据What Else to Know中“If students are unable to attend the live sessions，after each session they will receive access to a recording of the live session，which they can watch for up to two weeks after the course concludes.”可知，学生如果错过了现场课程，可以在14天内观看录制的课程。故选D。]
3．C　[推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“In this course，join Amanda Kelly...to learn how to create realistic furniture from the beginning.”可推知，文章是一篇关于制作家具的课程的介绍，旨在与读者分享该课程的相关信息：课程概述、价格、其他须知事项。故选C。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rhodes居住的小镇受到火灾波及，他却选择留下来为当地居民提供帮助的故事。
4．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘My kid called from Alabama.We first heard about the fire from him，’ Rhodes recalls.”可知，Rhodes的孩子之所以打电话是为了告知他这场大火。故选B。]
5．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Coulterville is a tiny town located among dry hills where local people raise cattle and other livestock.”以及第四段中“Ranchers(牧场主) across the region were fighting to protect their animals，loading them into the truck or just setting them loose to find safety.”可知，Coulterville的大多数居民都饲养牲畜。故选A。]
6．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Around midmorning，a farmer he’d never met came by asking for help with animal evacuation...‘I hung up...and headed down to his farm，’ he says.”可知，Rhodes挂断电话，开着卡车去那个求他帮忙疏散动物的陌生人的农场，由此可推知，他接下来会帮助陌生人救他的动物。故选C。]
7．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Rhodes居住的小镇受到Moc大火波及，他却选择留下来为当地其他居民提供帮助，这个故事凸显了Rhodes乐于助人的品质。故最佳标题是“Moc大火中值得信赖的邻居”。故选B。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了完美主义的特质实际上可能会阻碍一个人充分发挥自己的潜力，并解释了完美主义的成因以及危害。
8．B　[推理判断题。第一段前四句提到针对这一常见的面试问题人们可能会说自己是完美主义者，以此自夸，接下来则指出完美主义可能并非优点，由此可知，作者在第一段提到了面试问题是为了引入话题。故选B。]
9．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most often a perfectionist personality is formed in reaction to some form of childhood trauma....So as long as she is perfect，nothing so terrible would happen again.”可知，完美主义大多起源于童年创伤，结合选项可推知，暴力酗酒父亲的儿子最有可能成为完美主义者。故选D。]
10．D　[段落大意题。根据第三段尤其是首尾两句可知，第三段主要讲了完美主义是心理障碍的危险因素。故选D。]
11．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Changing this mindset is the key to treating the condition when it becomes a disorder but it is difficult to achieve.”可推知，作者认为人们很难摆脱完美主义。故选A。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍不同年龄段的人对一些表情符号的理解会有所不同，在使用表情符号，尤其是跨代使用表情符号交流时要小心，以防造成误解和尴尬。
12．B　[细节理解题。由第二段中“It found the biggest emoji socially embarrassing...which for younger users means hips.”可知，Slack对表情符号的研究发现人们对一些表情符号的理解不同。故选B。]
13．D　[写作手法题。由第三段可知，第三段通过比较不同年龄段的人对于同一表情符号的不同理解来阐述表情符号会造成误解。故选D。]
14．A　[推理判断题。由第四段“Speaking about its reasons for conducting the survey...‘there’s a lot of potential’ to communicate by mistake.”可知，Slack之所以进行这项调查是为了澄清误解，帮助人们正确使用表情符号。故选A。]
15．D　[观点态度题。由最后一段中“The significance of emojis belongs to those who use them，and they have a truly valuable role in written communication.”可知，作者认可表情符号在交流中的重要作用，即作者对使用表情符号的态度是赞同的。故选D。]
Ⅱ.1.B　2.F　3.E　4.C　5.G作业49　四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：40分)
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
(2024·湖南岳阳二模)
Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit at some point in their lives.Many will go to great lengths to try to stop.And while not all of us are nail-biters，most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick.So what’s the best way to break one
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to long-term behavior change.This isn’t to say you can’t break a habit.Rather，by understanding the basis of habits，you can create better plans for changing them.For example，we know habits are often affected by environments and routines.Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll through your phone，or watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a sugary snack.
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day.Then try to modify them by changing your routine or creating obstacles that make it more difficult to perform the habit in that space.Moving，switching jobs，or even starting a new schedule，are particularly great times to break a habit or build a new one.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising，reading，and TV-watching habits before and after they transferred schools.When students were no longer around old environments and routines，their habits，even the strong ones，significantly changed.
For behaviors like nail-biting，a practice called habit reversal training can be helpful.Developed by psychologists in the 1970s，the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less detrimental.The training requires you to analyze and understand your habit cues，so you can effectively step in at the right times.For example，if you tend to bite your nails at work，keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance.Then，if a stressful email comes in，use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.
Breaking a habit takes time，so remember to give yourself grace and have patience through the process.
1．Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in paragraph 1
A．To make a comparison.
B．To make a conclusion.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To attract readers’ attention.
2．What is one of the best ways to help us control our action
A．Having intentions alone.
B．Understanding the basis of habits.
C．Making practical plans.
D．Adapting the environments or times.
3．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Harmful. B．Helpful.
C．Annoying. D．Time-consuming.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Difficulties in Dealing with Nail-biting
B．Significance of Habit Reversal Training
C．Useful Tips on Getting Rid of a Habit
D．Necessity of Having Grace and Patience
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·山东济南一模)
The 13-year-old girl Anna Grace is a volleyball manager，a basketball manager，and a theater volunteer，but perhaps her greatest 1 is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.
Anna was first diagnosed(诊断)with a rare type of 2 in December of 2019.A softball player at the time，she told her parents she was experiencing muscle 3 in her left arm，only lifting it about eye-level.She had to 4 surgery on her left arm.
For the following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her 5 to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023，doctors 6 a spot on her lungs.She had another 7 on September to remove it.Anna said when she was first diagnosed with cancer，it felt like a learning stage.The second time around，it was a little 8 to accept the news.
And throughout all of this，Anna has had to 9 school work and hospital life.Her sufferings with cancer forced her to really 10 herself because she was out of school for quite a while.Now she has 11 and has straight As.Anna’s father，Eric Bartel，said her journey has inspired him to 12 every moment，enjoying time with his loving daughter.
Anna is doing well these days though.She’s 13 in theater and is a coach’s assistant.“When you’re on 14 you have to keep fighting，”Anna said.“Always live life to the fullest each day.You’re loved.Your life 15 .”
1．A.excitement B．achievement
C．devotion D．ambition
2．A.pain B．cold
C．cancer D．fever
3．A.weakness B．growth
C．recovery D．relief
4．A.perform B．have
C．attend D．refuse
5．A.briefly B．occasionally
C．partly D．regularly
6．A.noticed B．erased
C．ignored D．marked
7．A.assessment B．appointment
C．examination D．operation
8．A.harder B．easier
C．stronger D．better
9．A.solve B．connect
C．abandon D．balance
10．A.apply B．control
C．convince D．forgive
11．A.caught up B．held back
C．dropped out D．blown up
12．A.spare B．appreciate
C．imagine D．create
13．A.active B．graceful
C．dominant D．cautious
14．A.vacation B．trust
C．treatment D．duty
15．A.declines B．suffers
C．matters D．waits
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·江苏南通一模)
Tanghulu(also known as bingtang hulu) is a traditional Chinese snack consisting of hardened sugar coated fruits on a stick.1. (classic)，tanghulu is made of hawthorns that are rich 2. vitamin C．In recent times，tanghulu makers 3. (add) variety to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries，strawberries，pineapples or grapes.
Tanghulu can taste sweet or sour，depending on your fruit.Traditional tanghulu using hawthorn berries is said to taste like a 4. (combine) of both.You can，of course，make your own tanghulu using any fruit you desire.
Tanghulu is easier 5. (make) at home than you might think.The trick is to use the correct water to sugar ratio(比例) and boil the sugar water mixture 6. its temperature reaches 150 ℃.Then quickly dip your fruit skewer(扦子) into the sugar mixture.This will result in fruit coated in a thin layer of hard candy that cracks when 7. (bite) into.
Tanghulu is commonly eaten in the winter.You can find 8. (travel) traders roaming(游荡) in the streets，selling this unique snack.If you want to try the sticky treat 9.___________(you)，you can find tanghulu stands near most of the popular tourist attractions in China.Tanghulu isn’t expensive，as a skewer costs only $1.So，what could possibly stop you from giving one 10. try
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．C　[推理判断题。第一段前两句提到很多人有咬指甲的习惯并试图改掉，接下来提出大部分人都有想改掉的习惯，结合末句“So what’s the best way to break one？”可知，第一段提及“咬指甲”这个坏习惯是为了引出文章主题。故选C。]
2．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段“One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day.Then try to modify them by changing...”可知，管理行为最好的方法之一是改变习惯的环境或时间。故选D。]
3．A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less”以及后文的例子“For example，if you tend to bite your nails at work...use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.”可知，这种训练是要使用玩玩具这种危害性较小的行为来代替咬指甲这种习惯，由此可推知，detrimental意为“有害的”。故选A。]
4．C　[标题归纳题。根据第一段中“And while not all of us are nail-biters，most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick.So what’s the best way to break one？”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了改变习惯的一些方法，故选C。]
Ⅱ.
1．B　[excitement兴奋，激动；achievement成就；devotion忠诚，奉献；ambition抱负，雄心。根据空后“the fact that she has beaten cancer twice”可知Anna Grace两度战胜癌症，这的确是一种伟大的成就。故选B。]
2．C　[pain疼痛；cold感冒；cancer癌症；fever发烧。根据后文“For the following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her to make sure she was cancer-free”可知安娜是被诊断出癌症。故选 C项。]
3．A　[weakness虚弱；growth成长；recovery恢复；relief宽慰。根据后文“in her left arm，only lifting it about eye-level”可知安娜的左臂只能抬到眼睛的高度，所以可以推断肌肉是虚弱无力的。故选A。]
4．B　[perform实施；have有，接受；attend出席；refuse拒绝。根据后文“For the following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her”可知此处指的是安娜不得不接受手术。have surgery“接受手术”。故选B。]
5．D　[briefly简短地；occasionally偶尔；partly部分地；regularly定期地。根据空前“doctors scanned her”和空后“to make sure she was cancer-free”可知，手术后医生定期扫描检查来确定她体内没有癌变。故选D。]
6．A　[notice注意到；erase清除；ignore忽视；mark标志。根据空后“a spot on her lungs”和“remove it”可知此处指的是医生定期扫描时发现她肺上有一个斑点。故选A。]
7．D　[assessment评估；appointment 约定；examination考试；operation手术。根据上文“For the following weekends after the surgery...a spot on her lungs.”以及空前“She had another”可知安娜进行了第二次手术，切除了肺部的斑点。故选D。]
8．B　[harder更难的；easier更容易的；stronger更强壮的；better更好的。根据前文“Anna said when she was first diagnosed with cancer，it felt like a learning stage.The second time around，it was a little”可知在安娜看来第二次诊断出癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样，接受起来要比第一次容易。故选B。]
9．D　[solve解决；connect连接；abandon抛弃；balance平衡。根据空后“school work and hospital life”并结合安娜两次患癌且需定期检查可知安娜在这一过程中需要平衡学习和医院生活。故选D。]
10．A　[apply勤奋工作，努力学习；control控制；convince说服；forgive原谅。根据空后“herself because she was out of school for quite a while.Now she has and has straight As”可知因为身患癌症，安娜的学习落下了很多，所以她迫使自己努力学习。apply oneself“勤奋工作，努力学习”。故选A。]
11．A　[catch up赶上；hold back阻止；drop out辍学；blow up爆炸。根据空后“and has straight As”可知安娜的成绩都是A，所以可以推断经过一番努力安娜终于赶上来了。故选A。]
12．B　[spare匀出；appreciate感激，重视；imagine想象；create创造。根据空后“every moment，enjoying time with his loving daughter”可知安娜与癌症作斗争的经历让父亲深受感动，所以父亲非常珍惜与女儿在一起的时光。故选B。]
13．A　[active积极的；graceful优雅的；dominant占支配地位的；cautious谨慎的。根据空前“Anna is doing well these days though.”以及空后“Always live life to the fullest each day.”可知战胜癌症后的安娜在戏剧方面非常积极。故选A。]
14．C　[vacation假期；trust信任；treatment治疗，对待；duty责任。根据全文内容以及空后“you have to keep fighting”可知此处指的是安娜因为癌症必须接受治疗。故选C。]
15．C　[decline下降；suffer遭受；matter重要，有关系；wait等待。根据前文“You’re loved.Your life”可知在安娜看来我们都被爱着，我们的生命非常重要。故选C。]
Ⅲ.1.Classically　2.in　3.have added　4.combination　5.to make　6.until/till　7.bitten　8.traveling/travelling
9．yourself　10.a作业50　应用文写作＋读后续写
Ⅰ.应用文写作(倡议书)(满分15分)
(2024·河北保定一模)
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。为提升你市的文化品位，你市正在开展“黄河文化带”的建设。请你代表学生会写一份倡议书，向全校学生发出倡议，为打造“黄河文化带”助力。内容包括：
1．活动目的；2.倡议内容：清理活动，保护环境；3.活动意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
A Call for Assistance in Building “the Yellow River Cultural Belt”
Dear fellow students，
Yours faithfully，
The Student Council
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two-Man Ironman
On Sept.17,2022，Jeff and his son，Johnny，set out to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition in Cambridge，where competitors must complete a 140-mile of swimming，bicycling and running in under 17 hours.Johnny was born with cerebral palsy(脑瘫) and could barely walk a few steps with the help of a rolling walker.But his dream of being a runner never stopped.
Determined to show Johnny that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete，Jeff helped him engage in running.They began waking up at 4 am，so Jeff could run while pushing his son in a special wheelchair called a racing chair.Every morning，they drove themselves to run increasingly longer distances.Soon，they were entering 5K races，then on to Ironman competition.At first，Jeff would act as Johnny’s arms and legs，carrying the weight of his son.Gradually，Johnny could even run a few miles using a rolling walker.
The race began with a 2.4-mile swim in the Choptank River.Jeff helped Johnny into a kayak(皮划艇)．With one end of a rope tied to a harness around his back and the other end to the kayak，Jeff eased himself into the water.Swimming while dragging another person was tough enough—Jeff also had to struggle with jellyfish.“I occupied my mind by counting the number of times I got stung(蛰)，” he said.
The pair completed the swim in 90 minutes，and it was on to the next leg：a 112-mile bicycle ride.Their custom-built bike has an extra-strong frame and an additional seat in the back for Johnny that faces backward，better to cheer on other competitors.
After completing the tough bike section in roughly nine hours，they set their sights on the final leg of the race—a 26.2-mile marathon with Jeff pushing Johnny in the racing chair.They’d been competing for 10.5 hours，leaving another 6.5 hours to make their time.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
But at Mile 19，Jeff began to panic，convinced they were going too slow.
After 16 hours,55 minutes and 35 seconds，father and son crossed the finish line together.
答案精析
Ⅰ.参考范文
A Call for Assistance in Building
“the Yellow River Cultural Belt”
Dear fellow students，
I’m delighted to announce that our city is embarking on a project called “the Yellow River Cultural Belt”，with the aim of enhancing the cultural taste of our city.Today，I’d like to call upon all of you to lend your support and participate in this significant endeavor.
As responsible students，we can play a role in promoting environmental protection along the Yellow River.Let’s organize clean-up campaigns and raise awareness among our peers about the importance that we should maintain a clean and healthy environment.Together，we can make the river a picturesque and inviting place for locals and tourists alike.
Thank you for your attention and support.
Yours faithfully，
The Student Council
Ⅱ.参考范文
But at Mile 19，Jeff began to panic，convinced they were going too slow.Somehow he found the energy to pick up the pace，puffing and panting.Spotting sweat trickling down from his father’s wrinkled forehead，Johnny offered to run on his own with his rolling walker.Jeff stopped to help Johnny out of his racing chair，handing the rolling walker to his son.After years of painstaking work，Johnny increased his step counts and was determined to finish his race by himself.Johnny saw the clock ticking down and worried they wouldn’t make the cut-off.However，with Dad’s encouraging words echoing in mind constantly，Johnny managed to carry on.
After 16 hours,55 minutes and 35 seconds，father and son crossed the finish line together.As the crowd engulfed and cheered on an overwhelmed Johnny，a weary Jeff kept a low profile.“My father didn’t want his finish line moment，” said Johnny，tears in eyes.“He wanted it to be mine.What he taught me is that it’s much easier to take on life one step at a time than it is to think about the huge task ahead of you.” Small steps lead to bigger steps.To Johnny，the competition represented what his whole life with cerebral palsy had been about：hard work，dedication，optimism，and determination.作业51　四选一阅读＋七选五阅读
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·福建漳州三模)
I love learning about customs and ①practices in other countries.For this post，I asked all of my friends in the Multicultural Kid Blogger group to give me their favorite birthday traditions!
CHINA
The most special of the birthday traditions in China is for babies.New parents give red eggs(an even number) to friends and family for good mon presents include food，silverware，and money wrapped in red paper.On birthdays，it is common to eat longevity noodles(长寿面) without breaking them for good luck to live a long life.
ISRAEL
Sometimes children in Israel wear a crown(花冠) made from leaves or flowers for their birthday.The birthday child sits in a chair，and gets picked up and raised and ②lowered the chair one time for each year of age，plus one more for good luck.Guests at the birthday party sing and dance around the chair.At birthday parties，kids often play games，such as races with potatoes on spoons.
GHANA
In Ghana，one of the most common birthday traditions is that kids get to eat oto for breakfast：sweet potatoes mixed with onions，made into patties，and fried with hard boiled eggs.Later in the day，Ghanaians sometimes have a party for the child with stew，rice，and kelewele.At the party，girls often like to play a game called ampe.
MEXICO
Mexico families love parties，and celebrate birthdays en grande(盛大地)．The 15th birthday，quincea era is the most important，formal，and ③well-prepared.Mexicans always sing Las Ma anitas to wake up the child on their birthdays.When the birthday girl or boy blows out their candles，guests call for them to ④take a bite of the cake(“mordida-mordida！”) and always push their face into the frosting.A Mexican birthday party always has a pi ata filled with little toys and candies.
1．What do parents both in China and Ghana do for their kids’ birthdays
A．Offer them a special food.
B．Give them money in red papers.
C．Play a unique game with them.
D．Make a special clothing for them.
2．What do kids in Mexico get for their birthdays
A．A blessing song.
B．A beautiful crown.
C．Red eggs.
D．A wonderful breakfast.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A noticeboard.
B．A travel guidebook.
C．A website.
D．A geography magazine.
语境猜词
①practice熟义：n.实践；练习
生义(文义)：
②lower(转)adj.→v.
③well-prepared(合)＝well＋prepared
④take a bite of
B
(2024·河北衡水模拟预测)
Out of all fields of science，physics has a reputation for being difficult to the general public.On top of complex formulas(公式)，the abstract concepts that make it up are sometimes simply hard to grasp.That’s why professor Tatiana Erukhimova works alongside the team of the Physics & Astronomy department at Texas A & M University(TAMU) to produce a series of videos showing real-world applications of physics in a fun and ①insightful way that has earned her fans around the world.
Not only are the explanations in every video easy to follow，but Erukhimova’s enthusiasm is what truly keeps the viewer engaged.For example，in one video，the cheerful professor explains the physics of pressure.To demonstrate how distributing weight allows ②seemingly fragile objects to carry heavier loads，the teacher excitedly steps on a tiny board with lightbulbs and then proceeds to replicate(复制) the experiment with eggs—until it takes an unexpected turn.
Erukhimova’s unique teaching method comes from her hope to get students interested through ③demonstrative classes.“You get this ‘wow factor’ and then it’s easier to find resonance(共鸣)，” she said.“I like what I teach，and I try to share my excitement with them.”
Born to physicist parents，Erukhimova has had a unique ④attachment to the field since she was very little.“My passion for physics is just in my genes，and I cannot imagine my life without physics，” she explained.After being offered a position at Texas A & M almost 25 years ago，Erukhimova moved from Russia to Texas.Since then，she has won over both university students and casual viewers with her particular way of explaining science.
While she is aware that people may not learn a lot from watching a short video，getting them interested and curious about learning more is all worth it.
4．Why does physics seem difficult to the general public
A．It has many formulas.
B．It’s boring and useless.
C．Its concepts are abstract.
D．Access to educational resources is limited.
5．What makes Erukhimova’s videos popular
A．Her family background.
B．Her respect for her students.
C．Her vivid language and personality.
D．Her enthusiasm and teaching method.
6．What does Erukhimova hope to achieve through her demonstrative classes
A．Winning over casual viewers and fans.
B．Getting students interested in physics.
C．Sharing her excitement about physics.
D．Improving students’ academic performance.
7．What can be learned about Erukhimova
A．She has many hobbies.
B．She is a famous scientist.
C．She is devoted to her job.
D．She earns a very high salary.
语境猜词
①insightful(派)＝insight＋ful
②seemingly(派)＝seeming＋ly
③demonstrative(派)＝demonstrat(e)＋ive
④attachment(派)＝attach＋ment
C
(2024·福建泉州二模)
When delivering medications to patients，one of the most effective methods is direct injection(注射) into the ①bloodstream using a needle.But this can be an uncomfortable experience，especially for kids or adults with a fear of needles.While patients do have the option to take oral pills instead，drugs containing large molecules(分子) are not absorbed effectively this way.
Now，inspired by octopus suckers(章鱼吸盘)，researchers from China and Switzerland have designed a ②needle-free alternative: a tiny，drug-filled，cup-like patch(贴片) that sticks to the inside of the cheeks.The device is easily accessible，and it can be removed at any time and the drug gets absorbed through the lining of the inner cheek，the team reports in a paper in Science Translational Medicine.
To test the design，the team 3D printed the suckers.They loaded each with the drug and stuck them inside the cheeks of three beagles，a kind of dog which has a similar inner cheek lining to humans.For comparison，they also delivered the drug to beagles via a pill.After three hours，the team found that drug blood ③concentrations in dogs with the patch were more than 150 times higher than in the dogs that took a tablet.They also found patches worked effectively for drugs with large molecules.
40 healthy human volunteers self-applied water-filled patches to see how well they would stay on while talking and moving their mouths.After 30 minutes，only five of the 40 patches had fallen off，which was because of improper ④placement.Most volunteers said they would prefer a patch over injections for daily applications.
Still，the team only tested the patch for a short time so they would need to find out what would happen if it was used repeatedly.They’d also need to determine which drugs would work with the technology: the target is large molecules，such as those used to treat obesity or osteoporosis，but they can’t be too large to fit in the cup.
8．Why do the researchers develop the patch
A．To help patients overcome the fear of needles.
B．To enable kids to swallow tablets smoothly.
C．To offer a better way of drug delivery.
D．To guarantee the efficiency of oral pills.
9．What does the research on dogs prove
A．It is technologically possible to 3D print the patches.
B．The cheek lining of dogs is similar to that of humans.
C．Patches fall easily with their mouth movement.
D．Drugs are absorbed better through patches than pills.
10．Which of the following can best describe the device
A．Innovative and profitable.
B．Effective and user-friendly.
C．Affordable and accessible.
D．Flexible and long-lasting.
11．What does the last paragraph stress
A．The related issues to be solved.
B．The risk of using patches repeatedly.
C．The way to identity large molecules.
D．The trouble of improving the technology.
语境猜词
①bloodstream(合)＝blood＋stream
②needle-free(合)＝needle-free
③concentration (派)＝concentrate＋ion
④placement(派)＝place＋ment
D
(2024·江苏南通三模)
Psychologists have long been in disagreement as to whether competition is a learned or a ①genetic component of human behavior.Whatever it is，you cannot but recognize the effect competition has on academics and many other areas of contemporary life.
Psychologically speaking，competition has been seen as an ②unavoidable consequence of human drives.According to Sigmund Freud，humans are born screaming for attention and full of organic drives for fulfillment in various areas.Initially，we compete for the attention of our parents.
Current work in anthropology(人类学) has suggested，however，that this view of the role of competition in human behavior may be a fallacy.Thomas Hobbes，one of the great philosophers of the seventeenth century，is perhaps best remembered for his ③characterization of the “natural world”，that is，the world before the introduction of the will of humanity，as being unpleasant and short.This opinion is still widely held，reinforced by Charles Darwin’s highly influential work，The Origin of Species，which established the doctrine(学说) of natural selection.Darwin’s theory has even been summarized as “survival of the fittest”—a phrase Darwin himself never used—further highlighting competition’s role in success.As it has often been pointed out，however，there is nothing in the concept of natural selection that suggests that competition is the most successful strategy for “survival of the fittest”．Darwin said in The Origin of Species that the struggles he was describing should be viewed as metaphors and couldn’t be separated from dependence and cooperation.
Many studies have been conducted to test the importance placed on competition rather than other values，such as cooperation，and generally conclude that Americans uniquely praise competition as natural，unavoidable，and desirable.In 1937，the ④world-renowned anthropologist Margaret Mead published Cooperation and Competition Among Primitive Peoples，based on her studies of several societies that did not prize competition，and，in fact，seemed at times to place a negative value on it.One such society was the Zuni Indians of Arizona，and they，Mead found，valued cooperation far more than competition.After studying dozens of such cultures，Mead’s final conclusion was that competitiveness is a culturally created aspect of human behavior，and that its popularity in a particular society is relative to how that society values it.
12．What does the author think is commonly seen in many areas of contemporary life
A．The influence of competition.
B．The origin of human drive.
C．The reasons for human behaviour.
D．The disagreement on competition.
13．What does the underlined part “a fallacy” in the third paragraph mean
A．A false idea. B．A hard nut.
C．A losing battle. D．A mixed blessing.
14．What can we learn from Darwin’s words in The Origin of Species
A．All species depend on others for survival.
B．The strongest species proves to be the fittest.
C．Struggles for survival include support of each other.
D．Competition is looked on as the best survival strategy.
15．What conclusion did Margaret Mead reach
A．It is characteristic of humans to be competitive.
B．Americans are uniquely opposed to cooperation.
C．Competition is relatively more popular in Western societies.
D．People’s attitude towards competition is actually culture-bound.
语境猜词
①genetic(派)＝gene＋tic
②unavoidable(派)＝un＋avoid＋able
③characterization(派)＝character＋iz(e)＋ation
④world-renowned(合)＝world＋renowned
Ⅱ.七选五阅读(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·广东佛山二模)
Research has shown that mindful eating has positive impacts on people，so it’s beneficial to know how to eat more ①mindfully.Here are some techniques for eating at a healthy pace.
Remove all distractions while you eat. 1 Make sure your cellphone is face down and you’re not going to be responding to any messages that come through.
Take enough time to finish your meal.Even with all distractions removed，very often you still find yourself eating faster than you should. 2 It takes about that time for your body to get the signal to the brain that you are full.
　　 3 You might wonder how to spend 20 whole minutes eating a sandwich.One way to ②slowdown is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal.Ask yourself: What’s on my plate How hungry am I today Is it too salty Notice the smell，the taste and whatever other senses that arise as you eat.
Limit the amount of the food you might munch(大口吃) on mindlessly.Put a small amount of snack food，like potato chips，in a ③separate bowl to help avoid mindless munching. 4 Putting aside some of the food can help you eat less at a healthier pace.
Actually chew.If you’re wolfing down(狼吞虎咽) your food，you’re probably not chewing it.And chewing is an important part of digestion. 5 Look at each bite before putting it into your mouth，acknowledge what you’re eating and chew，chew，chew.
A．Notice all the little details about your food.
B．Limit your time for a meal within 20 minutes.
C．It helps break up the foods so it’s easier for absorption.
D．Watch out for your food intake and the time you spend on it.
E．When you sit down to eat，spend at least 20 minutes doing so.
F．If you have a whole bag of it，it is challenging to stop after several bites.
G．They can limit your ability to enjoy your food and notice when you are full.
语境猜词
①mindfully(派)＝mind＋ful＋ly
②slowdown(合)＝slow＋down
③separate熟义：v.(使)分离
生义(文义)：adj.
语境猜词答案 Ⅰ.A.①n.习俗　②降低　③adj.做好充分准备的 ④咬一口 B．①adj.富有洞察力的，有深刻见解的 ②adv.表面上　③adj.示范性的　④ n．喜欢 C．①n.血流　②adj.无针的　③n.浓度 ④n.放置 D．①adj.遗传的；基因的　②adj.不可避免的 ③n.特性描述　④adj.世界著名的 Ⅱ.①谨慎地；注意地　②减速；减缓　③单独的，分开的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．A　[细节理解题。根据CHINA中“On birthdays，it is common to eat longevity noodles(长寿面) without breaking them for good luck to live a long life.”和GHANA中“In Ghana，one of the most common birthday traditions is that kids get to eat oto for breakfast：sweet potatoes mixed with onions，made into patties，and fried with hard boiled eggs.”可知，中国和加纳的父母都会在孩子的生日时为他们提供一种特殊的食物。故选A。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据MEXICO中“Mexicans always sing Las Ma anitas to wake up the child on their birthdays.”可知，墨西哥的孩子们过生日时会收到一首祝福歌。故选A。]
3．C　[文章出处题。根据第一段中“For this post，I asked all of my friends in the Multicultural Kid Blogger group to give me their favorite birthday traditions！”可知，文章应该来自网站。故选C。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了物理老师Erukhimova在网络上通过视频来传播物理知识，让学生们对物理感兴趣的事迹。
4．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Out of all fields of science，physics has a reputation...make it up are sometimes simply hard to grasp.”可知，物理对于大众来说很难是由于它的概念是抽象的，难以掌握。故选C。]
5．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Not only are the explanations in every video easy to follow，but Erukhimova’s enthusiasm is what truly keeps the viewer engaged.”可知，Erukhimova的视频受欢迎是由于她的热情和生动易懂的教学方法。故选D。]
6．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Erukhimova’s unique teaching method comes from her hope to get students interested through demonstrative classes.”及最后一段内容可知，Erukhimova希望通过她的课让学生对物理感兴趣。故选B。]
7．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“I like what I teach，and I try to share my excitement with them.”及倒数第二段中“Since then，she has won over...explaining science.”可推知，Erukhimova对她的工作十分投入。故选C。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国和瑞士研究人员设计了一种用来输送药物的杯状贴片装置。
8．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段对针剂注射和口服药丸两种药物输送方式的缺点的描述和第二段可推知，研究人员研发这种贴片是为了提供一种更好的药物输送方式。故选C。]
9．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“After three hours，the team found that drug blood concentrations in dogs with the patch were more than 150 times higher than in the dogs that took a tablet.”可知，对狗的研究证明，贴片这种药物输送方式比口服药片更能使药物被吸收。故选D。]
10．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“the team found that drug blood concentrations in dogs with the patch were more than 150 times higher than in the dogs that took a tablet.They also found patches worked effectively for drugs with large molecules”以及第四段中“Most volunteers said they would prefer a patch over injections for daily applications.”可知，该设备的特点是有效和对用户友好。故选B。]
11．A　[段落大意题。根据最后一段中“Still，the team only tested the patch for a short time so they would need to find out what would happen if it was used repeatedly.They’d also need to determine which drugs would work with the technology”可知，最后一段强调了这一技术还需要解决的相关问题。故选A。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了竞争在人类行为中的根源，指出心理学界对竞争先天性与后天性的争议。通过引用不同学者的观点，如弗洛伊德、霍布斯、达尔文及人类学家米德的研究，说明竞争并非人类行为不可避免的结果，而是文化塑造的产物，其重要性视具体社会价值观而定。
12．A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whatever it is，you cannot but recognize the effect competition has on academics and many other areas of contemporary life.”可知，作者认为人们可以在当代生活的许多领域中看到竞争的影响。故选A。]
13．A　[词义猜测题。画线部分所在句上文“Psychologically speaking，competition has been seen as an unavoidable consequence of human drives.According to Sigmund Freud...”表明，从心理学层面讲，竞争一直被认为是人类本能需求的不可避免的结果，并引用了西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的观点进行佐证。结合however表转折可知，画线部分所在句是在表达与上文相反的观点，即人类学家现今的研究暗示了之前对于竞争在人类行为中所扮演的角色的观点可能是错误的。故a fallacy的含义为“一个错误的想法”。故选A。]
14．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“Darwin said in The Origin of Species that the struggles he was describing...couldn’t be separated from dependence and cooperation.”可推知，达尔文的话意在表明生存斗争中包含了相互支持的成分。故选C。]
15．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“After studying dozens of such cultures...and that its popularity in a particular society is relative to how that society values it.”可推知，人们对待竞争的态度实际上与文化有关。故选D。]
Ⅱ.1.G　2.E　3.A　4.F　5.C作业52　四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：40分)
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
(2024·河北邢台一模)
A recent study conducted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) has discovered that river erosion(侵蚀) can lead to increased biodiversity in areas with minimal tectonic(地壳构造的) activity.The researchers focused their attention on the Tennessee River Basin and examined how the erosion of various rock types by the river had led to the separation and diversification of a type of fish called the greenfin darter.As time passed，these separate fish populations evolved into distinct families with genetic differences.
Scientist Thomas Near observed that the greenfin darter was exclusively found in the southern half of the Tennessee River Basin.The researchers analyzed the genes of each fish in Near’s data set and constructed an evolutionary tree.This tree helped them comprehend the evolution and differences of the greenfin darter species.They discovered that the fish within the same branch of the river were more closely related to each other than to the fish in other branches.
This study provides evidence that river erosion significantly impacts biodiversity in regions with low tectonic activity.It illustrates how changes in the landscape caused by river erosion can lead to the division and diversification of species over time，even in peaceful environments.These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms(机制) that drive biodiversity and evolution，even in areas that are not typically associated with intense tectonic activity.
Subsequently，the team discovered a strong correlation between the habitats of the greenfin darter and the type of rocks present.The southern half of the Tennessee River Basin consists of hard，tightly packed rocks，resulting in turbulent(湍急的) waves in the rivers that flow through it.This characteristic may be favored by the greenfin darter.As a result，the team assumed whether the distribution of greenfin darter habitats had been influenced by the changing rock types，as the rivers eroded the land over time.To test this assumption，the researchers developed a simulation model.Remarkably，the results confirmed their assumption.
1．What is new about the MIT study
A．It finds river erosion can enhance biodiversity.
B．It further proves the mechanisms of river erosion.
C．It proves the geographical features of biodiversity.
D．It classifies a type of fish called the greenfin darter.
2．What can we learn about the greenfin darter
A．Their appearances vary between families.
B．Their genetic constitutions have diversified.
C．They prefer the deep and slow-flowing river.
D．They go extinct in the changing landscape of rivers.
3．How did Near help the researchers reach their conclusion
A．By creating an evolutionary tree of the fish.
B．By offering the fish’s genetic data.
C．By reasoning out the time the fish evolve and separate.
D．By analyzing the genetic similarity between different fish.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．River Erosion Can Shape Fish Evolution
B．Genetic Change in the Greenfin Darter
C．Evolutionary Tree Analysis of the Greenfin Darter
D．The Impact of Climate Change on Fish Diversity
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·湖北武汉一模)
Lexi Reed weighed 485 pounds at the age of 25—a weight that was quite 1 .Danny was overweight himself even though he came in at 280 pounds.But，the 2 part of everything was that the couple were both gaining more weight on what they already had with each passing day.Some of the daily activities，no matter how simple，became a real 3 for the couple.However，after celebrating their first 4 in 2016，they decided to make a positive change in their life.
The couple was making many plans to 5 in the new year 2016 like many other people around the world.They made a New Year’s resolution.But，it was not 6 to many that were made，as they decided to 7 a challenge that would change their lives forever—and for good! So many people make promises to themselves and others that they don’t really 8 ，but the Reeds were not about to act like the others.Theirs were bound to come to 9 .
It was completely unknown to the couple that people were actually 10 them online when they started their journey.Their 11 attracted lots of attention，and people cheered them on.Lexi kept her friends and family 12 with her progress through Instagram.But they were yet to receive a major 13 of their lives：They were 14 in a popular issue of People Magazine known as “Half Their Size”．Before long，the couple’s story had become a real 15 .
1．A.unforgivable B．unbelievable
C．unachievable D．uncomfortable
2．A.vital B．strange
C．miserable D．miracle
3．A.issue B．concern
C．debate D．possibility
4．A.birthday B．valentine
C．Christmas D．anniversary
5．A.work B．run
C．ring D．surge
6．A.equal B．similar
C．familiar D．inferior
7．A.take on B．take out
C．take off D．take in
8．A.put out B．break out
C．spread out D．carry out
9．A.fame B．formation
C．top D．reality
10．A.doubting B．recording
C．following D．serving
11．A.success B．enterprise
C．mission D．innovation
12．A.updated B．inspired
C．moved D．connected
13．A.achievement B．commitment
C．surprise D．boost
14．A.praised B．featured
C．documented D．memorized
15．A.hit B．incident
C．gossip D．legend
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·江苏南京一模)
In recent years，China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program called the New Rural Development Initiative.1. goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure(基础设施)，modernize farming practices，and enhance the overall quality of life for those 2. (live) in the countryside.
One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure 3.________________ includes the construction of better roads，bridges，and watering systems 4.______________(improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities.
Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 5. (technique)．By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies，such as organic farming and the use of machinery，farmers are able to increase their productivity and income 6. damaging the environment.
Furthermore，the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities.Efforts 7. (make) to regenerate local traditions，which not only enriches the cultural 8. (diverse) of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development.The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses 9.__________________ the construction of public facilities.
Through the initiative，China is working hard to create a more prosperous(繁荣的) and 10.________________(harmony) countryside，providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现河流侵蚀可以增加地壳活动少的地区的生物多样性，并以一种名叫绿鳍鲷的鱼为例，说明了这种影响。
1．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A recent study conducted...can lead to increased biodiversity in areas with minimal tectonic(地壳构造的) activity.”可知，麻省理工学院的这项研究发现河流侵蚀可以增加生物多样性。故选A。]
2．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The researchers focused their attention on the Tennessee River Basin...these separate fish populations evolved into distinct families with genetic differences.”可知，绿鳍鲷的基因构成变得多样化了。故选B。]
3．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers analyzed the genes of each fish in Near’s data set and constructed an evolutionary tree.”可知，Near通过提供鱼的基因数据帮助研究人员得出结论。故选B。]
4．A　[标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合全文内容可知，文章主要说明了研究发现河流侵蚀可以增加生物多样性，并以一种名叫绿鳍鲷的鱼为例，说明了这种影响。由此可知，A选项“河流侵蚀影响鱼类进化”最符合文章标题。故选A。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Lexi Reed和Danny夫妇都很胖，但是却决心为自己的生活做出积极改变，在网上有很多人关注他们的进展，后来他们甚至还登上了杂志，成了热门话题。
1．B　[unforgivable不可饶恕的；unbelievable令人难以置信的；unachievable不可实现的；uncomfortable不舒服的。根据上文“Lexi Reed weighed 485 pounds at the age of 25”可知，Lexi Reed的体重是令人难以置信的。故选B。]
2．C　[vital关键的；strange奇怪的；miserable悲惨的；miracle神奇的。根据下文“the couple were both gaining more weight on what they already had with each passing day”可知，他们的体重还在增加，这是很悲惨的。故选C。]
3．A　[issue问题；concern担忧；debate辩论；possibility可能性。根据上文“Lexi Reed weighed 485 pounds at the age of 25”和“Danny was overweight himself even though he came in at 280 pounds.”可知，夫妻两个都很胖，所以一些日常活动对他们来说是一个问题。故选A。]
4．D　[birthday生日；valentine情人节；Christmas圣诞节；anniversary纪念日。根据上文“their first”及下文“they decided to make a positive change in life”可知，他们在一个重要的节日决定要做出积极改变，“纪念日”符合语境。故选D。]
5．C　[work工作；run跑步；ring敲钟；surge急剧上升。根据下文“in the new year 2016.”可知，他们制定一些计划来迎接新年，ring in the new year意为“迎接新年”。故选C。]
6．B　[equal平等的；similar类似的；familiar熟悉的；inferior低等的。根据下文“but the Reeds were not about to act like the others”可知，他们和其他人的新年决心不同，因此空格处是similar。故选B。]
7．A　[take on接受；take out拿出去；take off脱掉；take in吸收。根据下文“a challenge that would change their lives forever”可知，他们决定接受一个将永远改变他们生活的挑战。故选A。]
8．D　[put out扑灭；break out爆发；spread out伸开；carry out实施。根据上文“So many people make promises to themselves and others that they don’t really”及常识可知，很多人会做出承诺，但是不能真正地履行。故选D。]
9．D　[fame名声；formation构成；top顶部；reality现实。根据上文“So many people make promises to themselves and others that they don’t really ，but the Reeds were not about to act like the others.”可知，很多人做出的承诺并不能实现，但是他们跟别人不同，所以他们的承诺注定要成为现实。故选D。]
10．C　[doubt怀疑；record记录；follow(在社交媒体上)关注；serve服务。根据“them online”可知，很多人在网上关注这对夫妇。故选C。]
11．B　[success成功；enterprise事业；mission使命；innovation创新。根据上文“their journey”和第一段的“they decided to make a positive change in their life”可知，此处指他们改变自己的生活的事业吸引了很多人的关注。故选B。]
12．A　[update向……提供最新信息；inspire激励；move移动；connect连接。根据上文“people were actually them online”可知，很多人在网上关注他们，所以Lexi通过Instagram向她的朋友和家人更新了她的进展。故选A。]
13．C　[achievement成就；commitment承诺，保证；surprise惊喜；boost帮助。根据下文“They were in a popular issue of People Magazine known as ‘Half Their Size’．”可知，他们登上了杂志，这对他们来说是惊喜。故选C。]
14．B　[praise表扬；feature特写；document记录；memorize记忆。根据下文“in a popular issue of People Magazine known as ‘Half Their Size’”可知，他们登上了杂志，空格处用feature，表示杂志对他们进行人物专访或进行特写。故选B。]
15．A　[hit热门话题；incident事件；gossip流言蜚语；legend传说。根据上文“They were in a popular issue of People Magazine known as ‘Half Their Size’．”可知，他们登上了杂志，很快就成了热门的话题。故选A。]
Ⅲ.1.The　2.living　3.that/which　4.to improve　5.techniques 　6.without　7.are being made/are made/have been made　8.diversity　9.and　10.harmonious作业53　应用文写作＋读后续写
Ⅰ.应用文写作(邀请信)(满分15分)
(2024·湖南益阳三模)
假定你是学生会主席李华，你校计划定于6月10日在体育馆举办高三毕业典礼，请写封邮件邀请你校外教 David 参加，内容包括：
1．典礼时间与地点；2.典礼内容；3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
(2024·山东青岛一模)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I begged my mom to let me make cookies by myself.Even though I had never attempted baking before，I was nine years old and my friend Emmie had been baking cupcakes by herself for a year.I was determined to prove that I could make it.
My brother，Caleb，laughed at the idea of me cooking alone，calling it a disaster.Having a big brother can be annoying.Despite his laughing，my mom agreed to let me try.She reminded me to take my time and be careful because I’d had some messy spills before I was nine.
I raced to the kitchen and went to work.I cracked eggs and put a cold stick of butter into the bowl.I turned on the mixer at medium speed—and whoa.Whoa.Whoa! What a disaster! I had to wipe butter off my face，then off the table and floor.
Caleb made fun of me again，calling me a mess.I chased him away with a spoon and turned back to the mixing bowl.I started again with softer butter.Referring to the recipe，I poured everything needed into the bowl and mixed it.After that，I put round batter(面糊) onto the cookie sheet and put it into the oven(烤箱)．Within a minute，a fantastic smell filled the kitchen—the smell of cookie success!
I was going to prove that I was responsible.No more eye-rolling from my brother.No more “You’re too young” from my parents.I was grown up and in control.
I stared into the oven，and my heart sank.The neat，little balls had melted(融化) and overflowed to the edges of the cookie sheet.I pulled the pan out just as Caleb wandered back into the kitchen.
“What in the world？” He started to laugh.“Cookie soup？”
“You just be quiet，” I whispered，trying not to cry.“Just leave me alone.”
“How’s it going in there？” Dad called from the living room.
Caleb raised his eyebrows and bit his lip.I responded that everything was fine，pouring the melted batter into the bowl quickly.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
I picked up the directions，wondering what had gone wrong.
I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my parents.
答案精析
Ⅰ.参考范文
Dear David，
How is everything going With great excitement and delight，I am writing to invite you to attend our graduation ceremony，which is scheduled to be held at 9：00 am on June 10 in the school gym.
There are many significant activities，which will never fail to impress you.At the beginning，the headmaster will deliver a speech to express his sincere congratulations on our graduation.After that，to recall our unforgettable experiences in high school，some elaborate shows will be performed.What’s more，don’t miss the golden moment when we will gather together to take photos.
We would be particularly honored by your distinguished presence at the ceremony and we are looking forward to your coming.Please reply to me at your convenience.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.参考范文
I picked up the directions，wondering what had gone wrong.It was then that I realized I had forgotten to add the flour! The batter had been too runny，causing the cookies to spread out.I quickly mixed in the flour and spooned the batter onto a new cookie sheet.This time，I watched carefully as they rose and browned in the oven.The sweet aroma filled the kitchen，and my heart beat with excitement.I couldn’t wait to show my family what I had accomplished.Caleb sneaked in and raised his eyebrows，but this time，I just smiled confidently.
I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my parents.They looked surprised and delighted.“These are...yours？” Mom asked，taking a cautious bite.“They’re...amazing！” She smiled，and Dad nodded in agreement.Caleb sat on the couch，a cookie in his hand，and his face betrayed a hint of pride.“I told you she could do it，” he said with a grin.I beamed，feeling a sense of accomplishment wash over me.I had proved myself，not just to my family but to myself.From that day on，no one doubted my baking skills again.步步高 大二轮专题复习 英语?

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