资源简介

Unit 5 Working the Land
My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger. ——Yuan Longping
Yuan desired to prevent hunger and (starve) in the world. He can do this through his scientific knowledge of crops such as rice, allowing these crops to grow in places and situations they (normal) would not be able to do so. By doing this, Yuan increased people’s access food
by allowing farmers to produce more.
Terraced fields are common in hilly or (mountain) areas where the farmers cut into the hills to create flat surfaces—terraces—on to grow crops. As water runoff is a problem on slopes, a low wall is (type) built around each terrace to hold the water in.
Supplementary Vocabulary
oxen cattle pull plough fertilize pesticide/insecticide
agritourism tend to crops back-breaking labour arid
drip irrigation moisture hydroponics fibre mat
vertical farming tray automated/automatic tractor harvester
cultivate positioning system trim ripe storage
livestock plantation greenhouse orchard hay straw
dairy oat sorghum barn hoe peasant rural exodus
mechanization breed non GMO (genetically modified organism)
A Pioneer for All People
Yuan Longping, (出生于) Beijing, had a slim but strong body like of millions of Chinese peasants, whom he had committed all his life. Instead of following his parents’ suggestion, he (choose) to major in agriculture in the hope of (解决危机) caused by severe (粮食短缺). It is unrealistic to have larger fields, so he was (convince) that the solution consisted in (提高产量) in the (give) amount of fields. No sooner had the concept of hybrid rice (put) forward than it (stir) up intense debate over the theory could be put into practice. The (assume) got its final answer when news came that Yuan had (overcome) enormous technical challenges and the hybrid (able) farmers to
(扩大产量) significantly.
As (estimate), more than half of domestic rice (consume) in China
(由...组成) crops that (generate) from Yuan’s hybrid strains. Yuan enjoyed a fame at home and abroad due to his invaluable contributions to the whole world. In spite of his reputation and the wealth (come) along, he was still a man of soil who made large donations to (赞助) agricultural research, giving no thought to (名人;出名) or money.
Yuan Longping’s (持续不断的) ability to go after his dreams leaves a deep impression on all of us. Once in an interview, he announced that he had envisioned rice plants as tall as (高粱), with each ear of rice as big as a (扫帚), and each grain of rice as huge as peanut.
Chemical Versus Organic Farming
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilizers have been (wide) used in farming as an effective way to fight crop disease and increase output, but recently it is found that the (长期的) use could bring harm both the land and people’s health.
Pesticides damage the land by killing the harmful bacteria as well as the helpful . The chemicals (persist) in the soil and underground water affect the cops (grow) on the land, as a result of , people and animals feed on them will inevitably get ill. Besides, crops
(spray) with chemical fertilizers grow too fast to (富含) nutrition. Though beautiful on the outside, they actually just contained more water essential minerals and has very (淡的) flavor.
As a result, organic food has become a hit among customers who pursuit health and in turn some farmers have (转向) organic farming. Through employing (自然手段), organic farmers keep their soil (免除疾病). Farmers also change their crop grown in each field every year so as to improve their land for the next (批) crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different (deep) of soil to keep it rich, such as planting peanuts which grow on the ground’s surface and other vegetables that (深深扎根) together.
What keeps people from (entire) banning man-made chemicals in agriculture is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food (global), but organic farming is
(远远不) able to meed that need. Therefore, more options and chances are waiting to be found a suitable solution that could put sufficient and (有营养的) food on the table (同时) protecting the environment.
Supplementary Information
Yuan Longping considered himself more a farmer and worker of the land a lab-bound scientist. Yuan became world-famous due to his development of a “hybrid” (品种) of rice in the 1980s. The greater (产量) was beneficial to those suffering from the effects of
(饥荒) and helped lift people out of this dire situation. Furthermore, he was trying to grow new kinds of rice
would grow in an even (wide) range of locations, such as saltwater. Seawater rice was
(origin) developed for coastal or desert areas of China the land is too saline or alkaline
(grow) much rice. The initial (试验田) were in Qingdao, where diluted seawater was used to (灌溉) the crops. In 2018, the project (expand) to Dubai, where the main issue is a lack fresh water to grow water-hungry (作物). It (hope) that in the future saltwater rice will become a common staple in desert countries in the Middle East and elsewhere in the world.
The most important crop (除了) rice is wheat, which is grown on different parts of China, and is used to make noodles and bread. Corn is also a popular crop in north and north-eastern China, which is used both for food and for animal (饲料).
There are two kinds of hunger (face) the world, which require different (反应): one is hunger caused by natural or man-made disasters, such as (干旱), wars, and famines. The affected people become refugees . The (营救) focus on supplying them with food or relocating them to where they can find shelter. The second kind of hunger is malnutrition . The cause of this situation is lack of economic development or opportunities. Aid agencies work to help the people there get higher (收入) so that they can afford to buy more and better food.
答案：
starvation; for; normally; 梯田; mountainous; which; 流失; typically
牛；牛群；犁地；施肥；杀虫剂；农业旅游；照顾庄稼；辛苦的劳动；干旱的；滴灌；水分/湿润；水培；纤维垫；垂直农业；托盘；自动的；拖拉机；收割机；培育；定位系统；修剪；成熟的；储存;家禽；种植园；温室；果园；干草；稻草；奶制品；燕麦；高粱；谷仓；锄头；农民；乡村外迁；机械化；繁殖；非转基因 、
born in; that; to; chose; tackling the crisis; food shortage; convinced; boosting the yields; given; been put; stirred; assumption; overcome; enabled; expand the output; estimated; consumption/consumed; is comprised of; are generated; coming; sponsor; celebrity; ongoing; sorghum; broom
widely; long-term; to; ones; persisting; grown; which; that; sprayed; be rich in; than; mild; 热门; switched to; natural means; free of disease; batch of; various; depths; put down roots deeply; entirely; globally; nowhere near/far from; as; nutritious; while
as; than; strain; output/yield; famine; that/which; wider; originally; where; to grow; test fields; 稀释的; irrigate; was expanded; of; plants; is hoped; 主食; besides; feeds; facing; responses/reactions; drought; 难民; rescues; 营养不良; 救援机构; income

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