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Unit 3 Environmental Protection Using language——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册同步课时作业
一、语法填空
1.I really appreciate the emphasis they lay _________ the construction of community library for children.
2.I was greeted with breathtaking desert scenery _________ instant I got off the plane.
3.The conclusion drawn by the team, _________ summarized all the key findings, was both clear and compelling.
4.Some people think that Confucius (孔子), _________ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B. C. , influenced the development of chopsticks (筷子).(用适当的词填空)
5.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog_________ (follow ) them.
二、完成句子
6.安理会将决定采取何种措施来恢复和平与安全。(restore)
The Security Council shall decide ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ peace and security.
7.随着这些运动的实施,中国的水道正走向一个清洁和可持续的未来。
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____, China's waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable fixture.
8.有了这些措施,相信漓江之美必将世世代代保存下来。
With these measures, _____ _____ _____ _____ the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
9.这些化学品导致严重的水质问题,造成鱼类数量减少。
These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, _____ _____ _____ in the number of fish species.
10.为了养活更多的人,(人们)使用了更多的化学物质来增加作物产量。
_____ _____ _____ _____ more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production.
三、阅读理解
We often work to save the most charismatic(有超凡魅力的) species in the world. Is it time to think beyond pandas and tigers
Take a good look at the American burying beetle. Today it is assessed as critically endangered. Like the tiger, the beetle is decreasing in number. The tiger is an instantly recognisable symbol of species conservation, but most people aren't familiar with the beetle.
This phenomenon is called the domination of flagship species—charismatic creatures such as tigers organisations use to increase support and funding for conservation. That's largely because humans are attracted to large-bodied animals with forward-facing eyes and human-like traits that make such species more relatable. As a result, many less well-known organisms fail to get the support and funding to ensure their survival even though they play an important role in the ecosystem.
Which species could be saved They may not charm us with fuzzy paws and puppy dog eyes, but many ignored species deserve some love. The world needs to better recognise the contributions of these underdogs rather than "only spending money on cool species," says University of Kent conservationist Bob Smith.
I suspect that most of us who care about creatures could agree on this: Charisma is in the eye of the beholder. In that case, can't we broaden the list of species considered popular and even beautiful Smith says we can—and there's a name for them: Cinderella species. These are mostly threatened species that are still very popular with the public yet are typically overlooked as flagships. Smith is convinced that "less well-known and less popular species can still be good flagships with more marketing effort".
In a recent study, Smith settled another myth about poster animals that they don't help publicise the world's most species-rich and threatened places. A prioritisation (优先次序) model Smith created showed that hot spots of the most important conservation worldwide also are home to more than 500 flagship and Cinderella species, and that drawing more attention to Cinderella species could boost funding and public campaigns for habitat protection.
Let's be clear, though: It's still OK to root for pandas and tigers. "The reason I got into conservation is that I liked these species," Smith says. "That is fair enough. But it's our job as conservationists to try to inspire people to love other species too."
11.According to the passage, why are people unfamiliar with the American burying beetle
A. It is critically endangered. B. It is decreasing in number.
C. It is not a flagship species. D. It is not instantly recognisable.
12.What can we learn from the passage
A. Cinderella species have made threatened species well-known.
B. Cinderella species are popular but ignored as endangered animals.
C. Flagship species have raised enough funds for endangered organisms.
D. Flagship species and Cinderella species usually live in the same areas.
13.What does the underlined phrase “root for” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Take control of. B. Get close to. C. Show support for. D. Check up on.
14.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. It's Time to Study Cinderella Species
B. Who Should Decide Which Species to Save
C. Do Flagship Species Help or Hurt Conservation
D. Conservation Can't Just Be a Popularity Contest
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：on
解析：“lay emphasis on” 是固定短语，意为 “强调；重视”，符合此处表达他们对儿童社区图书馆建设重视的语境，所以填 “on”。
2.答案：the
解析：“the instant” 是固定搭配，相当于连词 “as soon as”，引导时间状语从句，表示 “一…… 就……”，符合语境，所以填 “the”。
3.答案：which
解析：此处考查非限定性定语从句，先行词是 “The conclusion”，关系代词 “which” 在从句中作主语，指代先行词来进一步说明这个结论的相关情况，所以填 “which”。
4.答案：who
解析：考查定语从句。此处引导非限制定语从句,修饰上文的the great Chinese scholar Confucius。
5.答案：following
解析：考查with 复合结构。分析句子结构可知,follow与 their pet dog之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式作宾补。
二、完成句子
6.答案：what; measures; shall; be; taken; to; restore
7.答案：With such campaigns in effect
8.答案：it is believed that
9.答案：causing a decrease
10.答案：In order to feed
三、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段第一句中的This phenomenon is called the domination of flagship species可知,美国埋葬虫不被人们所熟知是因为它不是旗舰物种,故选C项。
12.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的These are mostly threatened species that are still very popular with the public yet are typically overlooked as flagships.可知,Cinderella species(未受到关注的物种)是受欢迎的物种,但也是被忽视的旗舰物种,故选B项。
13.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。由画线部分前的It's still OK以及后文的But it’s our job as conservationists to try to inspire people to love other species too.可知,作者呼吁人们除了支持熊猫和老虎,也要爱护、支持其他物种。由此可知,画线部分意为“支持”。故选C项。
14.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容,尤其是第四段中的The world needs to better recognise the contributions of these underdogs rather than “only spending money on cool species,”...可知,作者在文章中多处提到一些物种的保护不被重视是因为它们不是旗舰物种并希望这种现状可以被改变,D项(保护不能仅仅是人气竞赛)符合文章主题,故选D项。Unit 3 Environmental Protection Learning about language——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册同步课时作业
一、语法填空
1.The teacher insisted that every minute _________ (make) full use of to do the work well.
2.Believe it or not, playing with water can keep children _________ (逗笑) for quite a long time.
3.He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known_________ (be) the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.
4.It is generally believed _________ human activities have led to global warming.
5.He told me there _________ (be) a basketball match that afternoon and asked if I wanted to watch it.
二、完成句子
6.那些听天由命的人肯定不会取得任何成就。(submit)
Those who tend to _____ _____ _____ _____ are sure not to make any achievements.
7.为了保护环境,政府已经制定了有关垃圾分类的法规。(regulation)
To protect the environment the government _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ garbage sorting.
8.对政府来说,现在教育是当务之急。(agenda)
For the government, education is _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ now.
9.她拒不忍受被称为骗子。(tolerate)
She refused to _____ _____ _____ a liar.
10.我们代表洪灾地区的人民感谢您的捐赠。(behalf)
_____ _____ _____ _____ in the flood-stricken area, we thank you for your donation.
三、七选五
No matter what profession or occupation you hold you will need to work with others to meet your goals. Group work is a great way to showcase your own skills while getting help from your teammates in areas where you might not be as strong. ①_______
Clarify the team expectations so everyone is on the same page. ②_______.It’s likely that each teammate has a different idea about what’s expected of them, as well as what everyone else needs to be doing. It’s essential that the team discuss these expectations and agree on one universal list of expectations that everyone will follow.
③_______.No one likes a teammate who barely contributes to the project. Take on an equal part of the work, and speak up if you realize you aren’t doing your fair share. Not only will your group mates appreciate your work ethic, it will show your supervisor or instructor that you’re a good team player.
Direct your concern toward the problem, not your teammates. Don’t accuse or blame anyone on your team for causing the conflict, even if you believe they did. ④_______.Have your team work through conflict, using it to their benefit.
Focus on the success of the group, not your personal success. When you’re on a team, everyone’s success depends on each member working toward a common goal. ⑤_______.Keep your focus on your team’s success, and your own success will follow.
A. Make sure you do an equal share of the work.
B. Volunteer to take on extra work when necessary.
C. Treat the team’s accomplishments as a group success.
D. Our guide will show you how to boost your teamwork skills.
E. State the issue you’re having, then listen to what everyone has to say.
F. Instead, keep all of your comments focused on the issue and how your team can solve it.
G. This can include explaining the expectations or asking questions if you find them unclear.
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：(should)be made
解析：insist 表示 “坚持要求” 时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用 “(should) + 动词原形” 的形式。句中 “every minute” 与 “make full use of” 之间是被动关系，意为 “每一分钟都应被充分利用”，所以填 (should) be made。
2.答案：amused
解析：句意为：信不信由你，玩水可以让孩子们开心很长时间。keep sb. + adj. 表示 “使某人保持某种状态”，amused 作形容词，意为 “逗笑的；觉得好笑的”，常用来形容人，故填 amused。
3.答案：being
解析：这里考查独立主格结构。“the most well-known...” 部分在句中作状语，其逻辑主语是 “the most well-known...” 所指代的内容（即前面提到的他的贡献），与后面的 “be” 之间是主动关系，相当于一个伴随状语，所以用现在分词形式 being。
4.答案： that
解析：句意为:人们普遍认为人类活动导致了全球变暖。It is believed that...意为“人们认为……”。故填that。
5.答案： would be
解析：根据下文“想要去看比赛”可知,足球比赛还没举行,要用将来时;再考虑主句的时态为一般过去时,故宾语从句须遵循时态一致的原则,用过去将来时。
二、完成句子
6.答案：submit to their fate
7.答案：has set up regulations regarding/concerning/about
8.答案：at the top of the agenda
9.答案：tolerate being called
10.答案：On behalf of people
三、七选五
答案：DGAFC
解析：①推理判断题。通读第一段，再根据下文第二、四、五段的首句"Clarify the team expectations so everyone is on the same page…Direct your concern toward the problem, not your teammates…Focus on the success of the group, not your personal success(明确团队期望，使每个人都达成共识……把你的关注点放在问题上，而不是你的队友……关注团队的成功，而不是个人的成功。)"可知，本文首先阐述团队合作的重要性，下文中又列举了几个提高团队合作技能的方法，因此，D项"Our guide will show you how to boost your teamwork skills.(我们的指南将向您展示如何提高团队合作技能。)"符合语境，该选项承接上文，统领下文，故选D项。
②推理判断题。根据上一句"Clarify the team expectations so everyone is on the same page.(明确团队期望，让每个人都站在同一个角度。)"和下一句"It's likely that each teammate has a different idea about what's expected of them, as well as what everyone else needs to be doing. It's essential that the team discuss these expectations and agree on one universal list of expectations that everyone will follow.(很可能每个队友对他们的期望值以及其他人需要做的事情都有不同的想法。团队必须讨论这些期望，并就每个人都将遵循的普遍期望达成一致。)"可知，队友之间的期望值可能不一致，团队必须就此讨论，并达成一致，因此，G项"This can include explaining the expectations or asking questions if you find them unclear(这可以包括解释期望，或者在发现不清楚时提问。)"符合语境，该选项句意承上启下，与上下文意思连贯，故选G项。
③段落主旨题。根据下文"No one likes a teammate who barely contributes to the project. Take on an equal part of the work, and speak up if you realize you aren't doing your fair share.(没有人喜欢对项目几乎没有贡献的队友。承担同等的工作，如果你意识到自己没有尽到应有的责任，就大声说出来。)"可知，本段主要阐述自己作为团队中的一员，一定要承担和其他成员同等的工作，尽到相应的责任。因此，A项"Make sure you do an equal share of the work.(确保你所做的工作是平等的。)"符合语境，该选项句意统领下文，是本段的主题句，且该选项中的"equal share"与下文中的"fair share"相呼应。故选A项。
④逻辑关系题。根据上文"Direct your concern toward the problem, not your teammates. Don't accuse or blame anyone on your team for causing the conflict, even if you believe they did.(把你的关注点放在问题上，而不是你的队友。不要指责或责怪你的团队中的任何人导致了冲突，即使你认为他们确实造成了冲突。)"可知，F项"Instead, keep all of your comments focused on the issue and how your team can solve it.(相反，你的所有评论都要关注这个问题，以及你的团队如何解决这个问题。)"符合语境，该选项句意与上文构成转折关系，进一步阐述了要把关注点放在问题上而不是你的队友。故选F项。
⑤细节理解题。根据上文"Focus on the success of the group, not your personal success. When you're on a team, everyone's success depends on each member working toward a common goal. (关注团队的成功，而不是个人的成功。当你在一个团队中时，每个人的成功都取决于每个成员朝着一个共同的目标努力。)"和下文"Keep your focus on your team's success, and your own success will follow.(专注于团队的成功，你自己的成功也会随之而来)"可知，此处强调关注团队成功的重要性，因此，C项"Treat the team's accomplishments as a group success.(将小组的成就视为团队的成功。)"符合语境，该选项句意承上启下，切合文意，且选项中的"a group success"与上文中的"success of the group"相呼应，故选C项。Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册同步课时作业
一、语法填空
1.Participants, most of __________ are middle school students, will meet at the Olympic forest park.
2.With the intention of achieving his academic goals, he__________ (commit) to his study ever since.
3.The family stayed at the hotel longer than planned, on the __________ (insist) of the children who loved the pool.
4.The reporter said that the World Golf Championships to be held in Shanghai __________ (broadcast) live on TV.
5.The British policeman has several nicknames, but the most __________ (frequent) used are “copper” and “bobby”.
二、完成句子
6.老师问学生他们为改善地球的生态做过些什么。
The teacher asked his students _____ _____ _____ _____ to improve the ecology of the Earth.
7.这种气体还通过将热量困在大气层中而导致气候变化。(rap)
The gas also contributes to climate change by _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.
8.最后,我下定决心要抓住这个机会来全面提高我的整体能力。(opportunity)
Finally, I made up my mind to _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ my overall competence.
9.在许多快餐店里,纸吸管的使用有上升趋势。(rising)
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ towards the use of paper straws in many fast food restaurants.
10.毫无疑问,全球变暖对地球上的所有人来说是一个现存的威胁。
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ global warming is a present danger to all of us on the planet.
三、阅读理解
A small Swedish study found evidence of increased melatonin (褪黑素) in healthy adults who used a weighted blanket before bed.
For many people who struggle with anxiety and poor sleep, weighted blankets are one cozy, wellness luxury well worth the small investment. Many shoppers swear by the calming benefits of weighted blankets, reporting better sleep, lower stress and anxiety, and overall increased feelings of relaxation.
But scientifically speaking, there aren’t many studies to confirm the benefits of lying under a weighted blanket. That’s why researchers from Uppsala University in Sweden carry out a small study to find out whether using a weighted blanket — compared to using a light blanket— can actually help boost sleep-promoting chemicals. such as melatonin and oxytocin.
Twenty-six young, healthy adults participated in the study. In stage one they were covered with a weighted blanket (weighing about 12 percent of their body weight) for one hour before bedtime, followed by an eight-hour sleep window. Researchers collected saliva (唾液) samples during the pre-sleep hour to measure changes in melatonin and other hormone (荷尔蒙) materials. In stage two, participants were covered with a light blanket (2.4 percent of their body weight) for the night.
In the end, the results found that when participants laid under a weighted blanket for an hour before bedtime, they showed about a 32 percent increase in salivary melatonin compared to when they used the lighter blanket.
“Our study is the first to suggest that using a weighted blanket may result in a more significant release of melatonin at bedtime,” the study says, adding that more studies are needed to find whether more melatonin will be produced during a whole night’s sleep when frequently using a weighted blanket over weeks to months.
While this study is quite small and just a first step exploring the health benefits of weighted blankets, it does suggest that this cozy blanket may indeed positively promote sleep.
11.Why are people who struggle with sleep problems mentioned
A. To introduce the participants of the experiment.
B. To illustrate the reason of the experiment.
C. To show the conclusion of the experiment.
D. To warn the influence of bad sleeping.
12.What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Change. B. Reduce. C. Carry. D. Improve.
13.What can we learn about the experiment
A. It lasts at least for 8 hours.
B. It is successful and there is no need to carry on.
C. It suggests a weighted blanket may result in a better sleep.
D. It reveals more melatonin is produced during a whole night’s sleep.
14.What could be the best title for the text
A. How to Have a Good Sleep B. A Weighted Blanket or a Light One
C. A Study on Sleep Regulation D. Melatonin and Sleep
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：whom
解析：这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “Participants”（参与者），指人，且在从句中作介词 “of” 的宾语，所以要用关系代词 whom。
2.答案：has been committed
解析：根据时间状语 “ever since”（自从那时起）可知，句子要用现在完成时。“he” 与 “commit” 之间是被动关系，即 “他致力于学习” 是 “他被使致力于学习” 的意思，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为 “have/has been + 过去分词”，主语是 “he”，所以填 has been committed。
3.答案：insistence
解析：“on the insistence of...” 是固定短语，意为 “在…… 的坚持下”，此处需要用名词形式，“insist” 的名词是 “insistence”，所以填 “insistence”。
4.答案：would be broadcast
解析：句意为:记者报道称,在上海举行的世界高尔夫球锦标赛将在电视上现场直播。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词,由said和to be held可知应用过去将来时,且broadcast与从句主语之间是被动关系,所以此处应用would be broadcast。
5.答案： frequently
解析：句意为:英国警察有一些外号,但是人们最常使用的是“copper”和“bobby”。设空处修饰动词used(被使用的),所以应用其副词形式。
二、完成句子
6.答案： what they had done
7.答案： trapping heat in the atmosphere
8.答案： seize/grasp the opportunity to improve
9.答案： There is a rising trend
10.答案： There is no doubt that
三、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由“For many people who struggle with anxiety and poor sleep.…”和“But scientifically speaking, there aren't many studies to confirm the benefits of lying under a weighted blanket”可知，对许多深受睡眠困扰的人来说，盖重的被子会让他们睡得更好，这只是他们的经验之谈，并没有科学证据支撑，有必要设计实验来证明。所以谈到people who struggle with sleep problems,就是为了证明这一实验的必要性。故选B。
12.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段和第三段可知，实验目的是为了确认加重毯子是否有助于睡眠，即加重毯子是否有助于促进“sleep-promoting chemicals”(促睡眠的化学物质)的增加。故选D。
13.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。本题考查的是对实验相关信息的理解。由第六段“Our study is the first to suggest that using a weighted blanket may result in a more significant release of melatonin at bedtime”可知，使用加重的毯子可能会导致睡前释放更多的褪黑素，进而促进更好的睡眠。故选C。
14.答案：B
解析：文章标题题。文章的核心内容是对比使用加重毯子(weighted blanket)和轻毯子(light blanket)对睡眠的影响。标题“A Weighted Blanket or a Light One”直接指向了研究的关键对比点，这与文章的主要内容和研究的焦点相吻合。故选B。

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