Unit 8 Once upon a Time 单元知识点梳理(背诵版 训练版)人教版(2024)七年级下册

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Unit 8 Once upon a Time 单元知识点梳理(背诵版 训练版)人教版(2024)七年级下册

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Unit 8 Once upon a Time 单元知识点梳理(背诵版+讲解版)
upon [ p n] prep. 在……上 P57
once upon a time 从前;很久以前 P57
bite [ba t] v. 咬;咬伤 P58
bite through 咬穿 P58
net[net] n. 网;网状物
hunter [ h nt ] n. 猎人;搜寻者 P58
promise [ pr m s] v.承诺;保证;n.承诺;诺言 P58
long ago 很就以前 P58
war [w ] n. 战争 P58
neighbour [ neib ] n. 邻居 P58
wise [wa z] adj. 明智的;高明的 P58
emperor [ emp r ] n.皇帝 P59
lie [la ] v. 撒谎 n. 谎言 P59
pretend [pr tend] v. 假装;伪装 P59
official [ f l] n.官员;高级职员 P59
silly [ s l ] adj. 愚蠢的;傻的 P59
decide [d sa d] v.决定 P59
praise [pre z] n. 赞美;表扬 P59
afraid [ fre d] adj. 害怕的;担心的 P59
suddenly [ s dnl ] adv. 突然地;出乎意料地 P59
at first 起初;最初 P60
truth [tru θ] n. 真相;事实 P60
tell the truth 说实话 P60
make money 赚钱 P60
true [tru ] adj. 符合事实的;真正的 P60
hate[he t] v. 不喜欢;厌恶;讨厌 P60
get out 逃脱;离开 P61
king [k ] n. 君主;国王 P61
artist [ ɑ t kl] n. 美术家;艺术家 P61
quickly [ kw kl ] adv. 快速地;很快 P61
smile [sma l] v. 微笑n. 微笑;笑容 P61
all over 到处;遍及 P61
ugly [ ɡl ] adj. 丑陋的;难看的 P62
duckling [ d kl ] n. 小鸭子 P62
real [ri l] [r l] adj. 真的;真正的 P62
laugh at 嘲笑 P62
go away 走开 P62
search for v. 寻找;搜寻 P62
hen [hen] n. 母鸡 P62
hopefully [ h pf l ] adv. 有希望地 P62
purr [p ] v.(在愉快时)发出呜呜声 P62
lay [le ] v.(laid)下(蛋);放置;搁 P62
swan [sw n] n.天鹅 P62
feather [ fe ] n.羽毛 P62
to sb’s surprise 出乎某人的意料 P62
size [sa z] n. 大小;尺寸 P63
come out 出现;盛开 P63
genie [ d i n ] n.妖怪;鬼 P63
die [da ] n. 死亡;消失 P63
make a promise 许下诺言 P63
someone [ s m w n] pron.某人;有人 P63
set [set] v. 使处于某钟状态;使开始 P63
set…free 释放 P63
rich [r t ] adj.富有的;富含……的 P63
powerful [ pa f l] adj.强大的;有影响力的 P63
anyone [ en w n] [ en w n] pron.任何人;某个人 P63
instead of 而不是;代替 P63
succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 P63
himself [h m'self] pron.他自己;他本人 P63
in the end 最后;终究 P63
Hans Christian Andersen 汉斯 克里斯蒂安 安徒生 P63
SECTION A What are your favourite stories
1.bite→________(过去式)
2.hunt→________(名词,猎人,搜寻者)
3.sudden→________(副词)
4.lie→________(现在分词)
5.true→________(名词)
6.hate→________(反义词)→________(近义词)
7.quick→________(副词)
8.one→________(序数词)
9.mouse→________(复数)
10.break→________(过去式)
11.same→________(反义词)
12.kind→________(名词)
13.lucky→________(反义词)→________(副词)
14.art→________(名词,艺术家)
15.choose→________ (过去式)→________ (名词)
1. bit 2. hunter 3. suddenly 4. lying5. truth 6. like/ love; dislike 7. quickly 8. first9. mice 10. broke 11. different 12. kindness13. unlucky; luckily 14. artist 15. chose; choice
SECTION B What can stories teach us
1.hen→________(复数)
2.hope→________(形容词) →________(副词)
3.lay→________(过去式)
4.like→________(反义词)
5.fisherman→________(复数)
6.die→________(过去式)
7.power→________(形容词)
8. success→________(动词) →________(形容词)→________(副词)
9.him→________(反身代词)
10.friend→________(形容词)
11.rich→________(反义词)
12.think→________(过去式)
13.catch→________(过去式)
14.ugly→________(反义词)
15.surprise→________(形容词,惊奇的;惊讶的)→________(形容词,令人吃惊的;使人惊奇的)
1. hens 2. hopeful; hopefully 3. laid4. dislike/hate 5. fishermen 6. died 7. powerful8. succeed; successful; successfully 9. himself10. friendly 11. poor 12. thought 13. caught14. beautiful 15. surprised; surprising
once upon a time 很久以前 bite through 咬穿
long ago 很久以前 all over 到处,遍及
an ugly duckling 丑小鸭 laugh at 嘲笑
tell the truth 说实话 go away 走开
make money 赚钱 search for 寻找
get out 逃脱,离开 instead of 而不是代替
a funny story 一个有趣的故事 only if 只有
make a promise 许下诺言 set free 释放
to sb's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 met a cat 遇到一只猫
make up an ending 编造结局 look silly 看起来很傻
from different cultures 从不同的文化 be similar to. 与…相似
caught the lion 抓住狮子 one another 互相
succeed in doing something 成功做某事 at first 起初
promised to help 承诺去帮助 go away 消失
let the mouse go 让老鼠走开 began laughing 开始笑起来
bite through the net 把网咬穿 told the truth 说真话
lose something 失去一些东西 come out 出现;盛开
all the other duckling 所有其他的小鸭 Be friendly to, 对。。。友好
make wonderful clothes 做漂亮的衣服 be different from 与…不同
couldn't see anything. 看不到任何东西 how to paint 如何涂色
choose a different book 选择另一本书 pretend to make 假装去制作
give me some time 给我一些时间 prepare to die. 准备死亡
take the king to his house 带国王去他的家里 with special skill 有特殊技能的
make me wait so long 让我等了这么久 the right place 合适的地方
Succeed in saving himself 成功地拯救了自己 stay with you 和你待一起
instead of giving them anything 而不是给他们任何东西 came to a lake 来到了一个湖
make them rich and powerful 让他们富有和强大 with long necks 有长脖子
search for a new home 寻找新家 white feathers 有白色羽毛
want him to live with them 希望他能和他们住在一起 lie to him 对他撒谎
The mouse bit through the net. 那只老鼠咬穿了网。
【用法详解】
Bite为动词,译为“咬、啃、叮、刺”;其过去式为bit。
Eg: My sister’s dog bit me yesterday. 我妹妹的狗昨天咬了我。
常见搭配:bite sb. in/on 身体部位 咬某人的某个部位
注意:用in时表示“咬到里面”;用on时表示“咬住表面”。
Eg: The dog bit in the meat. 狗咬了一块肉。(咬进嘴里)
The dog bit on the bone. 狗咬住了骨头。
Bite也可为名词,译为“咬了一口”,其复数形式为bites。
Eg: He took a bite of the cake. 他吃了一口蛋糕。
The mouse promised to help the lion. 老鼠答应帮助狮子。
【用法详解】
Promise在此处为动词,译为“答应、许诺”等;
常见搭配:promise to do sth. 答应做某事
Promise sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事
Promise that从句 承诺...
Eg: He promised to come early. 他答应早点来。
I promised my mother to clean the room. 我答应我妈妈打扫房间。
He promised that he would study hard. 他承诺他会努力学习。
Promise也可为名词,译为“诺言”。
常见搭配:make a promise 许下诺言
Keep a promise 信守诺言
Break a promise 违背诺言
Promise oneself 指望、期待
Eg: I made a promise to my parents that I would study hard. 我向父母许下承诺会努力学习。
He always keeps a promise. 他总是信守诺言。
Don’t break a promise easily. 不要轻易违背诺言。
He promised himself a good vacation. 他期待自己有一个美好的假期。
The farmer’s son broke his leg. 农民的儿子摔坏了腿。
【用法详解】
break为动词,译为“破坏、违背、打破、中断”等;
Eg: The stone broke the window. 石头打破了窗户。
常见搭配:break into 闯入
Break out 爆发
Break through 突破
Break down 出故障、损坏
Break up 破裂、分开
Eg: The thieves broke into the bank. 小偷闯入银行。
The war broke out in 1939. 战争在1939年爆发。
The scientist broke through in his research. 科学家在他的研究领域取得突破。
The car broke down on the way to the airport. 车在去机场的路上出故障了。
Their relationship broke up. 他们的关系破裂了。
Break也可为名词,译为“休息”。
常见搭配:have a break 休息一下
Eg: She is tired, she’d better have a break. 她太累了,她最好休息一下。
But don’t you want to read it by yourself 但是难道你不想亲自读一下吗?
【用法详解】
yourself为反身代词,译为“你自己”,其复数形式为yourselves,译为“你们自己”。
短语by oneself译为“独自地、亲自地”等;常用来表示某人独立地做某事或独处。
在句中常常位于动词之后作宾语。
Eg: I cooked dinner by myself. 我独自做晚饭。
He built the treehouse by himself. 她独自建造了这个树屋。
【易混辨析】 of oneself、by oneself、for oneself、in oneself区别
Of oneself译为“自发地、自动地”
By oneself译为“独自一人、独立地”
For oneself译为“为自己”
In oneself译为“就其本身而言”
Eg: She woke up of herself. 她自己醒来的。
She used to sit by herself and read. 她从前常常独自坐着看书。
You should work out the problem for yourself. 你应该独立解决这个问题。
The wood is hard in itself. 这种木头本身是硬的。
Two brothers came and lied to him. 两个兄弟来骗他。
【用法详解】
Lie在此处为动词,译为“说谎、躺、位于、摆放”;
注意:lie在译为“躺、摆放”时,其过去式为lay,过去分词为lain;
Lie在译为“说谎”时,其过去式为lied;过去分词为lied;
常见搭配:lie to sb. 对某人说话
Lie down 躺下
Eg: He lied to me . 他对我说话。
She lay on the bed all day yesterday. 她昨天整天躺在床上。
The village lies in a small forest. 村庄位于一座小森林里。
Lie也可为名词,译为“谎话”,其复数形式为lies。
常见搭配:tell a lie/lies 说谎
Eg: I do think that he doesn’t tell a lie. 我真的相信他没有说谎。
【知识拓展】
Lay除了是lie的过去式外,也可译为“产卵、安排、铺设”等,此时其过去式和过去分词均为laid。
Eg: My canary has laid an egg. 我的金丝雀下了一个蛋。
Lay out the tablecloth on the table. 把桌布铺在桌子上。
A man came to lay the carpet. 一名男子来铺地毯。
常见搭配:lay the table 摆设餐桌
Lay off 解雇
Eg: Please help me lay the table. 请帮我摆桌子。
So they had to lay off a third of the people. 所以公司不得不解雇三分之一的人。
They pretend to make the clothes. 他们装作在制作衣服。
【用法详解】
pretend为动词,译为“假装、装作”。
常见搭配:pretend (not) to do sth. 装作(不)做某事
Pretend to be doing sth. 装作正在做某事
Pretend to be + 名词/形容词 装作是...
Pretend that 从句 装作...
Eg: He pretended to be reading a book when his mother came in. 他假装在看书,当他妈妈进来时。
He pretended to be a doctor. 他假装是医生。
He pretended that he didn’t see me when I passed by. 当我经过时,他假装没有看见我。
He pretended not to have heard about it. 他假装没听说过这件事。
What lovely clothes! 多么可爱的衣服啊!
【用法详解】 感叹句的表达
How + 形容词 (+ 主语 + 谓语!)= What (+ a/an) + 名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语!)
注意:我们可以通过找句子的主语谓语来判断用how还是what开头:将句子的主语谓语去掉,
看看还有没有名词,有名词用what开头,没名词用how开头。
Eg: How clever she is! = What a clever girl she is! 多聪明的女孩啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊!
【即学即用】
( C )1. ______ wonderful Yang Liping’s dance is!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
( B )2. ______ interesting book it is!
What B. What an C. How D. How an
( A )3. ______ good advice the teacher gave me!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
No one wanted to look silly. 没有人想看起来愚蠢。
【用法详解】
No one译为“没有人、任何人”,在句中可作主语、宾语或补语。
Eg: No one came to the party last night. 昨晚没有人来参加派对。
She is no one to be trifled with. 她不是可以轻视的人。
【易混辨析】 no one和none区别
No one指代一个群体或类别中不存在某种特征或品质的成员,只能用来指人,不可与of连用;
None即可用来之人也可用来指物,后面常接of,构成“none of + 名词/代词”结构。
二者作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
Eg: No one enjoys this movie, it’s too boring. 没有人喜欢这部电影,它太无聊了。
There are many books on my shelf, but none of them are up to date. 书架上的书不少但都是过时的。
【即学即用】
( B )1. After the exam, I asked my classmates how they did. But ______ answered.
none B. no one C. nobody D. nothing
( A )2. As we were asleep, _____ of us heard the sound.
none B. no one C. all D. both
The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes. 皇帝决定给每个人看看他的新衣。
【用法详解】
decide为动词,译为“决定”;
常见搭配:decide to do sth. 决定做某事
Decide that从句 决定...
Decide on/upon sth. 决定某事
Eg: I decided to go to the party. 我决定去参加聚会。
He decided that he was right. 他断定他是对的。
We decided on a date for the meeting. 我们决定了会议的日期。
Decide的名词形式为decision,译为“决定”。
常见搭配:make a decision 做出决定
Eg: It’s time to make a decision on the project. 是时候对这个项目做出决定了。
【即学即用】
( C )1. They decided ______ to Beijing on Friday.
go B. going C. to go D. to going
2. The bottom line is that we have to make a _decision_ (decide) today.
People in the street praised them. 街上的人都在称赞他们。
【用法详解】
praise为动词,译为“表扬、赞扬”等;
常见搭配:praise sb./ sth. (for sth.) 因某事赞扬某人
Eg: Today, the teacher praised the students for their performance. 今天,老师称赞了同学们的表现。
praise也可为名词,译为“赞美、表扬、称赞”等。
常见搭配:in praise of ... 赞美...
Eg: His parents are full of praise for the progress he’s making. 他的父母对他取得的进步赞不绝口。
People wrote many poems in praise of our beloved Premier Zhou.
人们写了许多诗词歌颂我们敬爱的周总理。
【即学即用】
( B )1. The coach _____ the player for his hard work during the training.
decided B. praised C. excused D. blamed
( C )2. People praised him _____ saving the child in the water.
in B. at C. for D. to
They were afraid to look silly too. 他们也害怕看起来愚蠢。
【用法详解】
afraid为形容词,译为“害怕的、担心的”,常跟系动词连用。
Eg: Don’t be afraid. 别怕。
I’m afraid I can’t pass the exam. 恐怕我不能通过考试。
常见搭配:be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事(因担心可能会发生某事)
Be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事(因害怕而不敢做某事)
Eg: I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕伤了她的感情。
I’m afraid to tell her. 我不敢告诉她。
【即学即用】
( B )1. My little daughter is afraid ______ out at night alone.
go B. to go C. goes D. going
( A )2. He is afraid ______ in front of his classmates.
to speak B. of speak C. to speaking D. speak
The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. 国王等了几个月变得很生气。
【用法详解】
wait为动词,译为“等待、等候”。
常见搭配:wait (for) sb./ sth. 等待某人/某物
Wait to do sth. 等待做某事
Wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
Wait in line 排队等候
Wait one’s turn 等待轮到自己
Wait a minute/ moment 等一下、稍等片刻
Can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings.
在河里,丑小鸭游得很好,就像其它的小鸭子一样。
【用法详解】
Just like可以用作副词,放在句中,后面接名词或句子,译为“像...一样”。
Eg: The night of the celebration was just like Christmas for them.
庆祝活动那个的夜晚对他们来说就像圣诞节一样。
【易混辨析】Other, the other, others, the others与another区别:
Other “其他的;另外的”常作限定词使用,后面可以接名词
The other “两者中的另一个”为特指,常用结构为one..., the other... “一个...;另一个”
Others 用于已知的一些人或物中,出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。译为“其他”为泛指,常用结构为some..., others... “一些...,另一些...”。Others = other + 可数名词复数
The others用于指一定范围内出去一个或一部分后,余下的全部人或物。译为“其余的;其余全部”为特指,我们常用the others = the other + 可数名词复数
Another “另一个;再一个”为泛指,三者或三者以上中的另一个
Eg: I can’t see you now -- some other time, maybe. 我现在不能见你 -- 也许别的时候吧。
I have two brothers, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.
我有两个哥哥,一个是医生,另一个是老师。
Some people came by car, others came on foot. 一些人开车来,另一些人走路来。
Can you give me another chance 你能再给我一次机会吗?
So he decided to search for a new home. 所以它决定寻找个新家。
【用法详解】
search为动词,译为“寻找、调查、搜查”。
Eg: He searched every room in the house. 他在房子里的每个房间都进行了搜寻。
常见搭配:search for ... 寻找
Search for information about sth. 搜索关于某物的信息
Eg: I am searching for a lost phone. 我在找丢失的手机。
I am searching for information about the new movie. 我在查找关于新电影的信息。
【即学即用】
警察正在搜寻那个丢失的男孩。
The police _is_ _searching_ _for_ the lost boy.
I wish I looked like you! 我希望我像你们!
【用法详解】
Wish在此处为动词,译为“希望”,
常见搭配:wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
Wish to do sth. 希望做某事
Wish + that从句 希望...
注意:接that从句时,常用虚拟语气。
Eg: I wish to speak to the manager. 我想跟经理说话。
He wished his son to be a teacher in the future. 他希望他的儿子未来成为一名老师。
I wish I were a bird flying in the sky. 我希望我是一只在天空飞翔的鸟。
wish还可作名词,译为“希望;愿望”。
常见搭配:have a wish 有一个愿望
Best wishes (to sb.) (给你) 最美好的祝福
Eg: The prince’s wish came true. 王子的愿望实现了。
Best wishes to you. 给你最美好的祝福。
【知识拓展】 wish与hope区别:
Wish 常指难以实现的“希望”后面即可加to do也可加 sb.to do sth.
Hope 常指容易实现的“希望”后面只能接to do
Eg: I hope to visit Beijing next month. “我希望下周参观北京。”
My mum wishes me to finish my homework in an hour. “我妈妈 希望我一小时后完成作业。”
【即学即用】
( D )1. She _____ she could swim like a fish.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( A )2. We _____ to go climbing tomorrow.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( C )3. I wish it ____ not so cold outside.
shall be B. be C. were D. is
To his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too.
令他吃惊的是,他看到他也是一只美丽的白天鹅了。
【用法详解】
Surprise在此处为名词,译为“惊奇、惊讶”。
常见搭配:to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
In surprise 惊讶地
Eg: I got a big surprise when I saw the gift. 当我看到那份礼物时,我大吃一惊。
To my surprise, he agreed to help me. 令我惊讶的是,他同意帮助我。
She looked at me in surprise. 她惊讶地看着我。
Surprise也可为动词,译为“惊讶”。
常见搭配:surprise sb. into doing sth. 使某人惊讶而做某事
Eg: The news surprised everyone. 这个消息让每个人都感到惊讶。
He surprised me into accepting the job. 他使我惊讶而接受了这份工作。
Surprise的形容词为surprised和surprising;surprised译为“感到惊讶”用来修饰人;surprising译为“感到惊讶的”用来修饰物。
常见搭配:be surprised at/by ... 对...感到惊讶
Eg: I’m surprised at your decision. 我对你的决定感到惊讶。
This is a surprising news. 这是一个令人吃惊的消息。
【即学即用】
( B )1. To our _______, Sam wasn’t _______ at the _______ news.
surprise; surprised; surprise B. surprise; surprised; surprising
C. surprised; surprising; surprised D. surprising; surprised; surprise
( B )2. _______, 90% of the money is hers.
In our surprise B. To our surprise C. To our surprises D. To me surprise
Were they friendly to the ugly duckling 他们对丑小鸭友好吗?
【用法详解】
friendly为形容词,译为“友好的”;其名词形式为friend,译为“朋友”。
常见搭配:be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
Be friendly with sb. 与某人友好相处
Eg: Those children are very friendly. 那些孩子们都很友好。
She is friendly to me. 她对我使友好的。
In school, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates.
在学校,我尊敬老师,与同学友好相处。
【即学即用】
Karen is a _friendly_ (friend) girl.
( C )2. My first teacher was ________ me.
friend to B. friend with C. friendly to D. friendly with
(北京)股份有限公司Unit 8 Once upon a Time 单元知识点梳理(默写版+训练版)
__________ [ p n] prep. 在……上 P57
__________ 从前;很久以前 P57
__________ [ba t] v. 咬;咬伤 P58
__________ 咬穿 P58
__________ [net] n. 网;网状物
__________ [ h nt ] n. 猎人;搜寻者 P58
__________ [ pr m s] v.承诺;保证;n.承诺;诺言 P58
__________ 很就以前 P58
__________ [w ] n. 战争 P58
__________ [ neib ] n. 邻居 P58
__________ [wa z] adj. 明智的;高明的 P58
__________ [ emp r ] n.皇帝 P59
__________ [la ] v. 撒谎 n. 谎言 P59
__________ [pr tend] v. 假装;伪装 P59
__________ [ f l] n.官员;高级职员 P59
__________ [ s l ] adj. 愚蠢的;傻的 P59
__________ [d sa d] v.决定 P59
__________ [pre z] n. 赞美;表扬 P59
__________ [ fre d] adj. 害怕的;担心的 P59
__________ [ s dnl ] adv. 突然地;出乎意料地 P59
__________ 起初;最初 P60
__________ [tru θ] n. 真相;事实 P60
__________ 说实话 P60
__________ 赚钱 P60
__________ [tru ] adj. 符合事实的;真正的 P60
__________ [he t] v. 不喜欢;厌恶;讨厌 P60
__________ 逃脱;离开 P61
__________ [k ] n. 君主;国王 P61
__________ [ ɑ t kl] n. 美术家;艺术家 P61
__________ [ kw kl ] adv. 快速地;很快 P61
__________ [sma l] v. 微笑n. 微笑;笑容 P61
__________ 到处;遍及 P61
__________ [ ɡl ] adj. 丑陋的;难看的 P62
__________ [ d kl ] n. 小鸭子 P62
__________ [ri l] [r l] adj. 真的;真正的 P62
__________ 嘲笑 P62
__________ 走开 P62
__________ v. 寻找;搜寻 P62
__________ [hen] n. 母鸡 P62
__________ [ h pf l ] adv. 有希望地 P62
__________ [p ] v.(在愉快时)发出呜呜声 P62
__________ [le ] v.(laid)下(蛋);放置;搁 P62
__________ [sw n] n.天鹅 P62
__________ [ fe ] n.羽毛 P62
__________ 出乎某人的意料 P62
__________ [sa z] n. 大小;尺寸 P63
__________ 出现;盛开 P63
__________ [ d i n ] n.妖怪;鬼 P63
__________ [da ] n. 死亡;消失 P63
__________ 许下诺言 P63
__________ [ s m w n] pron.某人;有人 P63
__________ [set] v. 使处于某钟状态;使开始 P63
__________ 释放 P63
__________ [r t ] adj.富有的;富含……的 P63
__________ [ pa f l] adj.强大的;有影响力的 P63
__________ [ en w n] [ en w n] pron.任何人;某个人 P63
__________ 而不是;代替 P63
__________成功做成某事 P63
__________ [h m'self] pron.他自己;他本人 P63
__________ 最后;终究 P63
__________ 汉斯 克里斯蒂安 安徒生 P63
SECTION A What are your favourite stories
1.bite→________(过去式)
2.hunt→________(名词,猎人,搜寻者)
3.sudden→________(副词)
4.lie→________(现在分词)
5.true→________(名词)
6.hate→________(反义词)→________(近义词)
7.quick→________(副词)
8.one→________(序数词)
9.mouse→________(复数)
10.break→________(过去式)
11.same→________(反义词)
12.kind→________(名词)
13.lucky→________(反义词)→________(副词)
14.art→________(名词,艺术家)
15.choose→________ (过去式)→________ (名词)
SECTION B What can stories teach us
1.hen→________(复数)
2.hope→________(形容词) →________(副词)
3.lay→________(过去式)
4.like→________(反义词)
5.fisherman→________(复数)
6.die→________(过去式)
7.power→________(形容词)
8. success→________(动词) →________(形容词)→________(副词)
9.him→________(反身代词)
10.friend→________(形容词)
11.rich→________(反义词)
12.think→________(过去式)
13.catch→________(过去式)
14.ugly→________(反义词)
15.surprise→________(形容词,惊奇的;惊讶的)→________(形容词,令人吃惊的;使人惊奇的)
很久以前 咬穿
很久以前 到处,遍及
丑小鸭 嘲笑
说实话 走开
赚钱 寻找
逃脱,离开 而不是代替
一个有趣的故事 只有
许下诺言 释放
令某人惊讶的是 遇到一只猫
编造结局 看起来很傻
从不同的文化 与…相似
抓住狮子 互相
成功做某事 起初
承诺去帮助 消失
让老鼠走开 开始笑起来
把网咬穿 说真话
失去一些东西 出现;盛开
所有其他的小鸭 对。。。友好
做漂亮的衣服 与…不同
看不到任何东西 如何涂色
选择另一本书 假装去制作
给我一些时间 准备死亡
带国王去他的家里 有特殊技能的
让我等了这么久 合适的地方
成功地拯救了自己 和你待一起
而不是给他们任何东西 来到了一个湖
让他们富有和强大 有长脖子
寻找新家 有白色羽毛
希望他能和他们住在一起 对他撒谎
The mouse bit through the net. 那只老鼠咬穿了网。
【用法详解】
Bite为动词,译为“咬、啃、叮、刺”;其过去式为bit。
Eg: My sister’s dog bit me yesterday. 我妹妹的狗昨天咬了我。
常见搭配:bite sb. in/on 身体部位 咬某人的某个部位
注意:用in时表示“咬到里面”;用on时表示“咬住表面”。
Eg: The dog bit in the meat. 狗咬了一块肉。(咬进嘴里)
The dog bit on the bone. 狗咬住了骨头。
Bite也可为名词,译为“咬了一口”,其复数形式为bites。
Eg: He took a bite of the cake. 他吃了一口蛋糕。
The mouse promised to help the lion. 老鼠答应帮助狮子。
【用法详解】
Promise在此处为动词,译为“答应、许诺”等;
常见搭配:promise to do sth. 答应做某事
Promise sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事
Promise that从句 承诺...
Eg: He promised to come early. 他答应早点来。
I promised my mother to clean the room. 我答应我妈妈打扫房间。
He promised that he would study hard. 他承诺他会努力学习。
Promise也可为名词,译为“诺言”。
常见搭配:make a promise 许下诺言
Keep a promise 信守诺言
Break a promise 违背诺言
Promise oneself 指望、期待
Eg: I made a promise to my parents that I would study hard. 我向父母许下承诺会努力学习。
He always keeps a promise. 他总是信守诺言。
Don’t break a promise easily. 不要轻易违背诺言。
He promised himself a good vacation. 他期待自己有一个美好的假期。
The farmer’s son broke his leg. 农民的儿子摔坏了腿。
【用法详解】
break为动词,译为“破坏、违背、打破、中断”等;
Eg: The stone broke the window. 石头打破了窗户。
常见搭配:break into 闯入
Break out 爆发
Break through 突破
Break down 出故障、损坏
Break up 破裂、分开
Eg: The thieves broke into the bank. 小偷闯入银行。
The war broke out in 1939. 战争在1939年爆发。
The scientist broke through in his research. 科学家在他的研究领域取得突破。
The car broke down on the way to the airport. 车在去机场的路上出故障了。
Their relationship broke up. 他们的关系破裂了。
Break也可为名词,译为“休息”。
常见搭配:have a break 休息一下
Eg: She is tired, she’d better have a break. 她太累了,她最好休息一下。
But don’t you want to read it by yourself 但是难道你不想亲自读一下吗?
【用法详解】
yourself为反身代词,译为“你自己”,其复数形式为yourselves,译为“你们自己”。
短语by oneself译为“独自地、亲自地”等;常用来表示某人独立地做某事或独处。
在句中常常位于动词之后作宾语。
Eg: I cooked dinner by myself. 我独自做晚饭。
He built the treehouse by himself. 她独自建造了这个树屋。
【易混辨析】 of oneself、by oneself、for oneself、in oneself区别
Of oneself译为“自发地、自动地”
By oneself译为“独自一人、独立地”
For oneself译为“为自己”
In oneself译为“就其本身而言”
Eg: She woke up of herself. 她自己醒来的。
She used to sit by herself and read. 她从前常常独自坐着看书。
You should work out the problem for yourself. 你应该独立解决这个问题。
The wood is hard in itself. 这种木头本身是硬的。
Two brothers came and lied to him. 两个兄弟来骗他。
【用法详解】
Lie在此处为动词,译为“说谎、躺、位于、摆放”;
注意:lie在译为“躺、摆放”时,其过去式为lay,过去分词为lain;
Lie在译为“说谎”时,其过去式为lied;过去分词为lied;
常见搭配:lie to sb. 对某人说话
Lie down 躺下
Eg: He lied to me . 他对我说话。
She lay on the bed all day yesterday. 她昨天整天躺在床上。
The village lies in a small forest. 村庄位于一座小森林里。
Lie也可为名词,译为“谎话”,其复数形式为lies。
常见搭配:tell a lie/lies 说谎
Eg: I do think that he doesn’t tell a lie. 我真的相信他没有说谎。
【知识拓展】
Lay除了是lie的过去式外,也可译为“产卵、安排、铺设”等,此时其过去式和过去分词均为laid。
Eg: My canary has laid an egg. 我的金丝雀下了一个蛋。
Lay out the tablecloth on the table. 把桌布铺在桌子上。
A man came to lay the carpet. 一名男子来铺地毯。
常见搭配:lay the table 摆设餐桌
Lay off 解雇
Eg: Please help me lay the table. 请帮我摆桌子。
So they had to lay off a third of the people. 所以公司不得不解雇三分之一的人。
They pretend to make the clothes. 他们装作在制作衣服。
【用法详解】
pretend为动词,译为“假装、装作”。
常见搭配:pretend (not) to do sth. 装作(不)做某事
Pretend to be doing sth. 装作正在做某事
Pretend to be + 名词/形容词 装作是...
Pretend that 从句 装作...
Eg: He pretended to be reading a book when his mother came in. 他假装在看书,当他妈妈进来时。
He pretended to be a doctor. 他假装是医生。
He pretended that he didn’t see me when I passed by. 当我经过时,他假装没有看见我。
He pretended not to have heard about it. 他假装没听说过这件事。
What lovely clothes! 多么可爱的衣服啊!
【用法详解】 感叹句的表达
How + 形容词 (+ 主语 + 谓语!)= What (+ a/an) + 名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语!)
注意:我们可以通过找句子的主语谓语来判断用how还是what开头:将句子的主语谓语去掉,
看看还有没有名词,有名词用what开头,没名词用how开头。
Eg: How clever she is! = What a clever girl she is! 多聪明的女孩啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊!
【即学即用】
( )1. ______ wonderful Yang Liping’s dance is!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
( )2. ______ interesting book it is!
What B. What an C. How D. How an
( )3. ______ good advice the teacher gave me!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
No one wanted to look silly. 没有人想看起来愚蠢。
【用法详解】
No one译为“没有人、任何人”,在句中可作主语、宾语或补语。
Eg: No one came to the party last night. 昨晚没有人来参加派对。
She is no one to be trifled with. 她不是可以轻视的人。
【易混辨析】 no one和none区别
No one指代一个群体或类别中不存在某种特征或品质的成员,只能用来指人,不可与of连用;
None即可用来之人也可用来指物,后面常接of,构成“none of + 名词/代词”结构。
二者作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
Eg: No one enjoys this movie, it’s too boring. 没有人喜欢这部电影,它太无聊了。
There are many books on my shelf, but none of them are up to date. 书架上的书不少但都是过时的。
【即学即用】
( )1. After the exam, I asked my classmates how they did. But ______ answered.
none B. no one C. nobody D. nothing
( )2. As we were asleep, _____ of us heard the sound.
none B. no one C. all D. both
The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes. 皇帝决定给每个人看看他的新衣。
【用法详解】
decide为动词,译为“决定”;
常见搭配:decide to do sth. 决定做某事
Decide that从句 决定...
Decide on/upon sth. 决定某事
Eg: I decided to go to the party. 我决定去参加聚会。
He decided that he was right. 他断定他是对的。
We decided on a date for the meeting. 我们决定了会议的日期。
Decide的名词形式为decision,译为“决定”。
常见搭配:make a decision 做出决定
Eg: It’s time to make a decision on the project. 是时候对这个项目做出决定了。
【即学即用】
( )1. They decided ______ to Beijing on Friday.
go B. going C. to go D. to going
2. The bottom line is that we have to make a ________ (decide) today.
People in the street praised them. 街上的人都在称赞他们。
【用法详解】
praise为动词,译为“表扬、赞扬”等;
常见搭配:praise sb./ sth. (for sth.) 因某事赞扬某人
Eg: Today, the teacher praised the students for their performance. 今天,老师称赞了同学们的表现。
praise也可为名词,译为“赞美、表扬、称赞”等。
常见搭配:in praise of ... 赞美...
Eg: His parents are full of praise for the progress he’s making. 他的父母对他取得的进步赞不绝口。
People wrote many poems in praise of our beloved Premier Zhou.
人们写了许多诗词歌颂我们敬爱的周总理。
【即学即用】
( )1. The coach _____ the player for his hard work during the training.
decided B. praised C. excused D. blamed
( )2. People praised him _____ saving the child in the water.
in B. at C. for D. to
They were afraid to look silly too. 他们也害怕看起来愚蠢。
【用法详解】
afraid为形容词,译为“害怕的、担心的”,常跟系动词连用。
Eg: Don’t be afraid. 别怕。
I’m afraid I can’t pass the exam. 恐怕我不能通过考试。
常见搭配:be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事(因担心可能会发生某事)
Be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事(因害怕而不敢做某事)
Eg: I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕伤了她的感情。
I’m afraid to tell her. 我不敢告诉她。
【即学即用】
( )1. My little daughter is afraid ______ out at night alone.
go B. to go C. goes D. going
( )2. He is afraid ______ in front of his classmates.
to speak B. of speak C. to speaking D. speak
The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. 国王等了几个月变得很生气。
【用法详解】
wait为动词,译为“等待、等候”。
常见搭配:wait (for) sb./ sth. 等待某人/某物
Wait to do sth. 等待做某事
Wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
Wait in line 排队等候
Wait one’s turn 等待轮到自己
Wait a minute/ moment 等一下、稍等片刻
Can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings.
在河里,丑小鸭游得很好,就像其它的小鸭子一样。
【用法详解】
Just like可以用作副词,放在句中,后面接名词或句子,译为“像...一样”。
Eg: The night of the celebration was just like Christmas for them.
庆祝活动那个的夜晚对他们来说就像圣诞节一样。
【易混辨析】Other, the other, others, the others与another区别:
Other “其他的;另外的”常作限定词使用,后面可以接名词
The other “两者中的另一个”为特指,常用结构为one..., the other... “一个...;另一个”
Others 用于已知的一些人或物中,出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。译为“其他”为泛指,常用结构为some..., others... “一些...,另一些...”。Others = other + 可数名词复数
The others用于指一定范围内出去一个或一部分后,余下的全部人或物。译为“其余的;其余全部”为特指,我们常用the others = the other + 可数名词复数
Another “另一个;再一个”为泛指,三者或三者以上中的另一个
Eg: I can’t see you now -- some other time, maybe. 我现在不能见你 -- 也许别的时候吧。
I have two brothers, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.
我有两个哥哥,一个是医生,另一个是老师。
Some people came by car, others came on foot. 一些人开车来,另一些人走路来。
Can you give me another chance 你能再给我一次机会吗?
So he decided to search for a new home. 所以它决定寻找个新家。
【用法详解】
search为动词,译为“寻找、调查、搜查”。
Eg: He searched every room in the house. 他在房子里的每个房间都进行了搜寻。
常见搭配:search for ... 寻找
Search for information about sth. 搜索关于某物的信息
Eg: I am searching for a lost phone. 我在找丢失的手机。
I am searching for information about the new movie. 我在查找关于新电影的信息。
【即学即用】
警察正在搜寻那个丢失的男孩。
The police _____ _____ _____ the lost boy.
I wish I looked like you! 我希望我像你们!
【用法详解】
Wish在此处为动词,译为“希望”,
常见搭配:wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
Wish to do sth. 希望做某事
Wish + that从句 希望...
注意:接that从句时,常用虚拟语气。
Eg: I wish to speak to the manager. 我想跟经理说话。
He wished his son to be a teacher in the future. 他希望他的儿子未来成为一名老师。
I wish I were a bird flying in the sky. 我希望我是一只在天空飞翔的鸟。
wish还可作名词,译为“希望;愿望”。
常见搭配:have a wish 有一个愿望
Best wishes (to sb.) (给你) 最美好的祝福
Eg: The prince’s wish came true. 王子的愿望实现了。
Best wishes to you. 给你最美好的祝福。
【知识拓展】 wish与hope区别:
Wish 常指难以实现的“希望”后面即可加to do也可加 sb.to do sth.
Hope 常指容易实现的“希望”后面只能接to do
Eg: I hope to visit Beijing next month. “我希望下周参观北京。”
My mum wishes me to finish my homework in an hour. “我妈妈 希望我一小时后完成作业。”
【即学即用】
( )1. She _____ she could swim like a fish.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( )2. We _____ to go climbing tomorrow.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( )3. I wish it ____ not so cold outside.
shall be B. be C. were D. is
To his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too.
令他吃惊的是,他看到他也是一只美丽的白天鹅了。
【用法详解】
Surprise在此处为名词,译为“惊奇、惊讶”。
常见搭配:to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
In surprise 惊讶地
Eg: I got a big surprise when I saw the gift. 当我看到那份礼物时,我大吃一惊。
To my surprise, he agreed to help me. 令我惊讶的是,他同意帮助我。
She looked at me in surprise. 她惊讶地看着我。
Surprise也可为动词,译为“惊讶”。
常见搭配:surprise sb. into doing sth. 使某人惊讶而做某事
Eg: The news surprised everyone. 这个消息让每个人都感到惊讶。
He surprised me into accepting the job. 他使我惊讶而接受了这份工作。
Surprise的形容词为surprised和surprising;surprised译为“感到惊讶”用来修饰人;surprising译为“感到惊讶的”用来修饰物。
常见搭配:be surprised at/by ... 对...感到惊讶
Eg: I’m surprised at your decision. 我对你的决定感到惊讶。
This is a surprising news. 这是一个令人吃惊的消息。
【即学即用】
( )1. To our _______, Sam wasn’t _______ at the _______ news.
surprise; surprised; surprise B. surprise; surprised; surprising
C. surprised; surprising; surprised D. surprising; surprised; surprise
( )2. _______, 90% of the money is hers.
In our surprise B. To our surprise C. To our surprises D. To me surprise
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