资源简介

非谓语动词
一、核心考点精讲
1. 非谓语动词的分类与基本概念
类型 形式 功能
不定式 to + V原形 表目的、将来动作、具体行为
动名词 V-ing 表习惯、抽象概念、已完成的动作
分词 V-ing（现在分词）V-ed（过去分词） 作定语、状语、补语
注：初中阶段重点掌握不定式与动名词的区别及固定搭配。
2. 不定式与动名词的对比
对比项 不定式（to do） 动名词（doing）
核心意义 表目的、未发生或具体的动作 表习惯、抽象概念或已完成的动作
常用场景 计划、决定、愿望（want to, decide to） 爱好、避免、完成（enjoy, avoid, finish）
固定搭配 agree, hope, learn, refuse, plan enjoy, mind, practice, suggest
例句 I want to play basketball. She enjoys reading novels.
记忆口诀：
“不定式，表目的；动名词，表习惯；固定搭配要牢记，中考考场上不慌乱！”
3. 初中必考固定搭配总结
（1）只能接不定式（to do）的动词/短语
动词/短语 例句 记忆技巧
want to do He wants to join the club. “想要（want）做，必须（need）接to！”
decide to do They decided to leave early. “决定（decide）未来用to！”
hope to do I hope to see you soon. “希望（hope）未发生，to后紧跟！”
refuse to do She refused to answer the question. “拒绝（refuse）用to！”
plan to do We plan to travel next week. “计划（plan）将来要加to！”
（2）只能接动名词（doing）的动词/短语
动词/短语 例句 记忆技巧
enjoy doing She enjoys dancing. “享受（enjoy）doing乐悠悠！”
finish doing He finished doing homework. “完成（finish）doing不犹豫！”
mind doing Do you mind opening the window “介意（mind）doing要小心！”
practice doing They practice speaking English. “练习（practice）doing别停歇！”
avoid doing We avoid eating junk food. “避免（avoid）doing要牢记！”
（3）接不定式和动名词意义不同的动词
动词 to do（不定式） doing（动名词）
remember 记得要做（未发生） 记得做过（已发生）
Remember to lock the door. I remember locking the door.
forget 忘记要做（未发生） 忘记做过（已发生）
Don’t forget to call me. I forgot telling him the news.
stop 停下来去做另一件事 停止正在做的事
He stopped to talk to me. He stopped smoking.
try 努力做某事 尝试做某事
Try to finish the work. Try reading aloud.
4. 其他常见固定搭配（表格）
结构 例句 用法说明
It’s + adj. + to do It’s important to study hard. 不定式作主语，用it作形式主语
be busy doing She is busy preparing for the exam. busy后接动名词
look forward to doing I look forward to seeing you. to为介词，后接动名词
make sb. do The teacher made us clean the room. make sb.后接省略to的不定式
see/hear sb. do/doing I saw him cross the street. I heard her singing in the room. do表全过程，doing表动作进行中
提高练习
（一）单项选择
I want ______ a doctor in the future.
A. to be B. being C. be D. been
She enjoys ______ novels in her free time.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
Don’t forget ______ the windows before leaving.
A. closing B. to close C. close D. closed
He decided ______ his job and travel around the world.
A. quit B. to quit C. quitting D. quits
The teacher made the students ______ the question again.
A. answer B. to answer C. answering D. answered
I remember ______ the key on the table, but I can’t find it now.
A. to put B. putting C. put D. puts
They practice ______ English every morning.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. speaks
It’s important ______ enough water every day.
A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. drinks
Would you mind ______ me your pen
A. lend B. to lend C. lending D. lends
He stopped ______ a rest because he was tired.
A. to have B. having C. have D. had
She suggested ______ hiking this weekend.
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
The children are looking forward to ______ the zoo.
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited
I heard someone ______ in the next room.
A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang
He promised ______ me with my project.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helps
We avoid ______ late for school.
A. to be B. being C. be D. been
The teacher asked us ______ the exercises carefully.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. did
She finished ______ her homework before dinner.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. does
It’s fun ______ with friends on weekends.
A. chat B. to chat C. chatting D. chatted
He agreed ______ me some money.
A. lend B. to lend C. lending D. lends
I saw the boy ______ the ball into the river.
A. throw B. to throw C. throwing D. threw
（二）用所给词的正确形式填空
She hopes ______ (become) a scientist in the future.
I enjoy ______ (listen) to music after school.
He refused ______ (help) me with my homework.
They finished ______ (clean) the room at 5 p.m.
It’s fun ______ (swim) in the sea in summer.
Don’t forget ______ (turn) off the lights before leaving.
The boy is busy ______ (prepare) for the exam.
We plan ______ (visit) the museum next week.
I heard someone ______ (knock) at the door just now.
The teacher made us ______ (write) an essay.
They agreed ______ (meet) at the park gate.
She avoids ______ (eat) too much sugar.
Remember ______ (call) me when you arrive.
He tried ______ (fix) the bike, but failed.
I look forward to ______ (see) you soon.
It’s difficult ______ (learn) a foreign language.
The students practice ______ (speak) English every day.
He promised ______ (come) to my birthday party.
She suggested ______ (go) hiking this weekend.
I saw him ______ (cross) the street quickly.
The man stopped ______ (smoke) last year.
They decided ______ (not take) the risk.
It’s important ______ (protect) the environment.
She remembered ______ (lock) the door, but it’s open now.
We enjoy ______ (watch) movies together.
He hopes ______ (pass) the exam this time.
The girl is afraid of ______ (speak) in public.
They finished ______ (paint) the house yesterday.
I forgot ______ (bring) my umbrella, so I got wet.
The teacher let us ______ (leave) early today.
答案与解析
（一）单项选择答案
A（want to do）
C（enjoy doing）
B（forget to do表未做）
B（decide to do）
A（make sb. do）
B（remember doing表做过）
C（practice doing）
B（It’s + adj. + to do）
C（mind doing）
A（stop to do表停下做另一件事）
C（suggest doing）
B（look forward to doing）
C（hear sb. doing表动作进行）
B（promise to do）
B（avoid doing）
B（ask sb. to do）
B（finish doing）
B（It’s fun to do）
B（agree to do）
A（see sb. do表全过程）
（二）填空题答案
to become
listening
to help
cleaning
to swim
to turn
preparing
to visit
knocking
write
to meet
eating
to call
to fix
seeing
to learn
speaking
to come
going
cross
smoking（stop doing表停止做某事）
not to take（decide not to do）
to protect
locking（remember doing表记得做过）
watching
to pass
speaking（afraid of doing）
painting
to bring（forget to do表忘记要做）
leave（let sb. do）

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