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2024学年第二学期高三第二次模拟考试
英语
（考试时间105分钟, 满分115分。请将答案填涂在答题纸上）
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Baby Hippo (河马) in Thailand Gets Official Song for Worldwide Fans
A baby hippo in Thailand became famous earlier this year when zoo workers published images and videos of her online. Now the pygmy hippo (侏儒河马), named Moo Deng, has an official song and video released _____1_____ several languages for her fans worldwide.
Moo Deng lives at Khao Kheow Open Zoo, southeast of the Thai capital, Bangkok. Zoo worker Atthapon Nundee _____2_____ (post) sweet moments of the animal's life for the past few months. During that time, the hippo has received widespread attention on social media. Fans of the animal have expressed _____3_____ they enjoy watching the pink-cheeked baby actively interact with her mother and other zoo workers.
Moo Deng — which means “bouncy pork” in Thai — is a kind of meatball. The name, chosen by fans on social media, is similar to _____4_____ of her two brothers: Moo Toon (stewed (炖制的) pork) and Moo Waan (sweet pork). Moo Deng’s popularity has spread internationally and she has gained the attention of some professional sports teams. Fans say her name fits her lively personality. Moo Deng likes to “deng” or bounce, and her bouncing behavior has led to countless internet memes (表情包).
The widespread publicity led a well-known Thai composer _____5_____ (write) a special song for Moo Deng. The lively 50-second song, called, naturally, Moodeng, _____6_____ (release) by one of Thailand’s biggest recording companies. GMM Music last week. A music video _____7_____ goes along with the song shows the baby hippo bouncing around, playing with her keeper, or spending time with her mother, Jona.
Moo Deng is now four months old. Officials estimated the baby hippo has brought in about 3,000 to 5,000 visitors a day on average _____8_____ it became popular online. The zoo has been selling clothes, bedding and other products based on Moo Deng. The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s _____9_____ (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat. Pygmy hippos are native to Wost Africa, but experts say there are only 2,000-3,000 of them ______10______ (leave) in the wild.
All four versions of the Moo Deng song are available online.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. cultivate B. dependence C. generating D. insufficient E. learnable F. predictor G. quitting H. restriction I. underlying J. widespread K. wind
The Importance of Willpower
No matter what your goals are in life, willpower is of great importance. Willpower is also of critical importance for behavioral change. Whether you’re ___11___ a bad habit, trying to get in shape, or struggling with procrastination (拖延症), you’ll need willpower. Of course, I’m all about using strategies to reduce our ___12___ on willpower, but you cannot remove the need for willpower entirely.
A steady, disciplined use of willpower might seem like a(n) ___13___ of personal freedom, but it is not. If ___14___ willpower leaves you a slave to bad habits and addictions, then you’re not really free. If you can’t gather the willpower to overcome procrastination and earn a better life for yourself, then you’re not really free. To ___15___ true freedom, you’ll need willpower.
Importantly research has shown that self-control is ___16___. When researchers teach people with poor self-control the strategies used by those with high self-control, the poor self-control subjects improve. Willpower is not fixed; it can be developed through strategy and practice.
People who learn to master willpower become active agents in life, and discover that they are response-able in every situation. And this applies to their behaviors as well as their emotions. Walter Mischel described self-control as “the ‘master talent’ ___17___ emotional intelligence, essential for constructing a satisfying life.”
It’s hard to find anyone who says that willpower doesn’t matter. Yet, despite the ___18___ agreement about how important willpower is, there is very little agreement in the scientific community about how willpower actually works.
Walter Mischel is the man behind the famous “marshmallow (棉花软糖) test” and the author of a book by the same name. His research appeared to show that young children with high self-control ___19___ up doing better as high schoolers and adults, but more recent research has proved this finding wrong, showing that the willpower levels of young children are not a good ____20____ of later success.
This makes sense because the prefrontal cortex — the area of the brain responsible for willpower — is poorly developed in young children and doesn’t finish developing until early adulthood.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The daughters, but not the sons, of women who give birth at age 30 or older are more likely to experience symptoms of depression as young adults, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
Tearne, a doctoral student at the University of Western Australia and lead author of the study, and her colleagues analyzed data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study. Pregnant (怀孕的) women were selected into this study, and provided psychological ___21___ . Their offspring (子女) then underwent psychological ___22___ at various ages over the next 23 years.
In this study, the researchers ___23___ self-reported levels of various symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress from 1,200 of the offspring at age 20 and compared them with the age of the mother and father at the time the children were born. Daughters whose mothers were over age 30 at the time of ___24___ had significantly higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety compared with daughters whose mothers were under age 30. However, the fathers' age at that particular time had no effect, and there was no effect found for ___25___ .
While the exact cause of this relationship is not clear, Tearne said she suspects it is not necessarily ___26___ .
“One hypothesis (假设) is that ___27___ may occur in the mother-daughter relationship because of a large age difference between the two,” said Tearne. “It may be that a 30 or more year age difference between mother and daughter leads to a significant difference in the ___28___ systems. That may cause ___29___ in the relationship, leading to stress, worry and sadness in the child, particularly during the transition to young adulthood.”
Another possible ____30____ may be that the women who gave birth over age 30 would be in their 50s at the time their children were assessed. Therefore, they are more likely to be experiencing health problems associated with ____31____ . This could also lead to higher levels of ____32____ in the children, Tearne said. Other studies have suggested that daughters are more affected by their mother’s health problems than sons. This could explain why the ____33____ only appears in daughters, she said.
“It is important to remember, too, that the study examined symptoms of distress, rather than ____34____ diagnosis,” said Monique Robinson, PhD, of the University of Western Australia, another author of the study. “It could be that the offspring of older mothers are at risk for a few more symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, but that does not necessarily mean they will experience a(n) ____35____ mental disorder.”
21. A. association B. adjustment C. support D. information
22. A. consultation B. intervention C. assessment D. treatment
23. A. looked at B. went after C. responded to D. persisted in
24. A. promotion B. graduation C. marriage D. birth
25. A. sons B. mothers C. daughters D. grandchildren
26. A. temporary B. biological C. subjective D. psychological
27. A. transitions B. difficulties C. interactions D. competitions
28. A. value B. blood C. education D. security
29. A. mistakes B. limits C. tensions D. distractions
30. A. exception B. equivalent C. foundation D. explanation
31. A. income B. promotion C. aging D. exercising
32. A. commitment B. symptoms C. expectations D. consciousness
33. A. effect B. struggle C. friction D. imitation
34. A. initial B. ultimate C. general D. clinical
35. A. rare B. treatable C. diagnosable D. irreversible
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
Why, in a world where we technically produce enough food to feed everyone, do millions of people go to bed hungry each night The statistics are tragic, and such a contradiction should have no place in our modern world.
The UN’s second sustainability goal, “Zero Hunger,” is an ambitious plan to end hunger in the world by 2030. However, the global scale of the hunger staggers the imagination, and it’s getting worse. According to World Vision, as many as 828 million people, or 10% of the global population, are suffering from food insecurity. What are the driving forces behind this problem of hunger
Armed conflict is one. It forces people away from their homes, ruins economies and turns millions of people into refugees (难民) who become reliant on aid and luck for their daily needs. Extreme weather events also drive world hunger by destroying homes and making farmland unusable. Finally, around 30 percent of the world’s food is lost or wasted annually. Food loss occurs when food is damaged or spoiled while moving through the supply chain. Food waste happens when individuals, supermarkets or restaurants buy more food than they need and throw away the unnecessary.
Despite these terrible facts, World Hunger Day isn’t just about bad news. Founded in 2011 by the Hunger Project, World Hunger Day is also about celebrating solutions that will eliminate (消除) starvation.
In Africa, the Hunger Project has been working to encourage more sustainable and efficient farming methods. For example, by diversifying their crops, farmers will have healthier soil. Furthermore, since farmers need access to safe, clean water, the Hunger Project teaches people how to monitor, maintain and repair water systems. The UN World Food Programme aids farmers by helping them connect to local economies, improve production methods and reduce crop losses. And, for children and the weak, they provide special nutrient-rich foods.
So what can you do to help eliminate world hunger Aside from trying to reduce your food waste, keep educating yourself and others about the issue. Look for opportunities to feed the hungry in your own communities. Each step, each choice, and each voice can help make hunger a thing of the past.
36. By “staggers the imagination” in paragraph 2, the author means___________.
A. hungry people are more imaginative B. the seriousness of hunger shocks people
C. “Zero Hunger” is impossible to achieve D. the UN has predicted the scale of hunger
37. Which of the following is one of the causes of hunger according to the passage
A. Some land becomes unsuitable for farming due to extreme weather.
B. The food supply chain drives people to throw away additional food.
C. Wars force refugees to give up their homes and to destroy farmland.
D. Some areas are unable to produce enough food for lack of labour force.
38. The UN has been dedicated to the elimination of starvation by helping_________.
A. invest in local economies B. develop new seeds for farmers
C. increase the variety of crops D. feed the hungry in communities
39. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. The New Face of Hunger. B. Climate Change and Food Crisis.
C. The March Toward Zero Hunger. D. Hunger: Symptoms, Causes, and Solutions.
（B）
Travelling by rail holds a romantic and old-fashioned appeal that can't be matched by flying or driving. By taking the slow route, you get to experience and interact with an area in a completely different way.
1 THE ROCKY MOUNTAINEER Where: Canada, from Vancouver to Banff, Jasper and Calgary. When: In June, which is springtime in the Rockies, complete with beautiful flowers and plenty of wildlife. Duration: Between two and eight days travelling only in daylight, staying in luxurious hotels. Highlights: Unmatched views of the Rocky Mountains, incredible luxury at every stage of the trip, traditional native storytelling, wine classes and natural history workshops. 2 EASTERN AND ORIENTAL EXPRESS Where: From Thailand, through Malaysia, to Singapore. When: April and May for the least wet weather. Duration: Trips vary from two to eight days. Highlights: You’ll travel through the heart of Southeast Asia. From golden temples and rice fields to big cities, this luxurious train showcases the best of the countries it passes through.
3 THE GHAN Where: Australia, from Adelaide to Darwin via Alice Springs. When: Going during the wet season (December, January) will allow you to see more wildlife and tropical features in the north, though peak season is usually the winter. Duration: Going straight through takes 52 hours. There are get-off points from which you can take tours. Highlights: Going through Australia’s Red Centre with blue skies, red earth and not much else — an unforgettably beautiful and peaceful experience. 4 THE ROYAL SCOTSMAN Where: Around the Scottish Highlands or all the way around Great Britain. When: Warmer weather and up to 20 hours of daylight in June makes it the perfect time to watch birds flying over mirror-like lakes, or go in October for autumn colours and the rather special deer-mating season. Duration: Trips can be as short as two days or as long as seven Highlights: Possibly the most expensive train journey in the world. You’ll be treated like a member of the monarchy (王室). Superb cuisine, fine wines and carriages (火车客车厢) that look like rooms at Balmoral Castle await those willing to part with a minimum of 2350 per person for a two-night trip.
40. The above information is mainly aimed at__________.
A selling some package tour products
B. advising people to travel by rail for business
C. introducing some great railway journeys
D. analyzing the advantages of travelling by train
41. Ella, who’d like to experience first-rate service and taste excellent food on the train, is most likely to choose__________.
A. The Rocky Mountaineer B. Eastern and Oriental Express
C. The Ghan D. The Royal Scotsman
42. What can be learned about the four routes
A. One of the routes runs in more than one country.
B. Winter is the recommended season for the Ghan.
C. The Rocky Mountaineer only features natural views.
D. The Royal Scotsman is the shortest of the four routes.
（C）
In the early 1900s, French chemist, Edouard Benedictus, invented shatterproof (防碎的) glass by chance. But its significance and relevance didn’t emerge until the car market created the problem for which he had already found the answer.
Such moments of serendipity reveal the unpredictable nature of innovation. Yet, even in cases where chance plays a role, as in Benedictus’s story, the broader question remains: Are such discoveries truly born of luck, or were they somehow “in the air,” waiting for the right person to seize them
Some argue all the discoveries would have been made by other people. They believe if the time was ripe in conceptual and technological terms, someone would have got there sooner or later. This is the used and abused understanding of theories that were “in the air”. Independently, Charles Darwin and Alfred R. Wallace (the latter 15 years behind Darwin) arrived at the theory of evolution by natural selection, both counting on similar data. There existed slight differences in the theory, but the coincidences of thought were astonishing. This phenomenon, which also exists in biological evolution, is called convergence: two non-closely related species develop similar functional adaptations. This occurs because the environment poses similar survival problems to both, namely similar selective pressures. This is an important clue that can help explain why this dynamic also exists in scientific knowledge: There are similar selective pressures and different research groups that compete to come up with the solutions.
If we analyze the steps undertaken that led to the result, we can see that there were in fact some accidental elements. The overall dynamic was not accidental, though. Yet is it really possible that all discoveries were in the air
Let us assume for a moment that this is true and that the most luck can do is speed up the inevitable. All scientists arc standing on the shoulders of the giants who have gone before them, and there is objectively a cumulative (积累的) element in science. Nevertheless, at some point and in the right circumstances, it was the unknown scientists, not the giants, who managed to see a little farther. The mind of the giant was imprisoned by prior knowledge and so trapped within the framework of established habits, research questions, and established methods. The new, little-known scientist, on the other hand, will in one way or another have been able to break free of the chains of established knowledge. And so it will have been possible for them to imagine other worlds. This suggests that it will be innovators, with their prepared minds, who have a better chance of making accidental discoveries, namely that are irregular and unexpected.
43. In paragraph 2 “serendipity” refers to __________.
A. accidental invention B. emergence of problems
C. late recognition D. chemical innovation
44. The example of Darwin and Wallace is given to illustrate __________.
A. fierce competition among biological scientists
B. the important role of similar data in intentional research
C. independent but similar solutions under shared pressures
D. limited resources and technological dependency in science
45. What advantage might lesser-known scientists have over established researchers
A. Access to advanced tools. B. Freedom from rigid mindsets.
C. Stronger peer cooperation. D. Greater funding opportunities.
46. Which statement best reflects the main idea of the passage
A. All discoveries are inevitable results of technological progress.
B. Serendipity alone drives groundbreaking scientific achievements.
C. Traditional methods prevent innovation and should be abandoned.
D. Major breakthroughs integrate prepared minds with accidental opportunities.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Global Heating Making Extreme Rain and Disastrous Flooding More Likely
A warming world is transforming some major snowfalls over mountains into extreme rain, worsening both dangerous flooding as well as long-term water shortages, a new study has found.
Using rain and snow measurements since 1950 and computer simulations (模拟) for future climate, scientists calculated that for every degree Fahrenheit the world warms, extreme rainfall at higher altitude (海拔) increases by 8.3%, according to a study in Nature.
___47___ And the rain is not conveniently stored away like snowpack that can recharge reservoirs (水库) in spring and summer. "It is not just a far-off problem that is projected to occur in the future but the data is actually telling us that it's already happening and we see that in the data over the past few decades,” said lead author Mohammed Ombadi, a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory climate scientist.
The study looked at only the heaviest rains each year over six decades in the northern half of the Earth, finding that as altitude rose, so did rainfall. The biggest increase in rains were noticed at about 10,000 feet. That includes much of the American west, where Ombadi said “it’s very obvious”, as well as parts of the Appalachian Mountains. ___48___
About one in four people on Earth live in an area so close to the mountains or downhill that extreme rain and flooding would hit them, Ombadi said. ___49___ He mentioned California department of agriculture estimates of $89m in crop and farm animal losses from this year’s extreme rains.
But in the long term, another problem is water supply. In times of drought, water managers like to keep water levels high in reservoirs, which they can do with heavy snowpacks because it melts slowly. ___50___ So as warming causes rainier extremes, society is going to have to choose between cutting water use because of low water levels in reservoirs to absorb a possible large sudden mountain runoff event or build expensive new reservoirs.
A. But they can’t do that with heavy rainfall.
B. He pointed out the flooding can also hurt food production.
C. Heavy snow’s flooding impact is lessened because it takes time to melt.
D. Another big hotspot in Asia is the Himalayas, Tian Shan and Hindu Kush mountains, with the Alps also affected.
E. Heavy rain in mountains causes a lot more problems than big snow, including flooding, landslides, etc., the study found.
F. These mountainous systems are supplying most of the water, so any decreases in water supply would be pretty significant in terms of water management.
III. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Keys to Success in This CEO’s Eyes
As founder, chairman and CEO, Ragy Thomas has been successful in leading a company from a mere idea to a multibillion-dollar software company. So, what are his keys to success Thomas will tell you it’s not enough to be a technology visionary. You’ve got to have the leadership skills to match your big ideas.
First, Thomas insists that his approach to life in general is what often sets him apart. “We’re a village of 7 billion people, and where you are is not what makes you happy or controls life, it’s how you approach it.” He says this big-picture, optimistic mindset enables him to recognize problematic patterns in customer care and find out potential solutions. Thomas’s forward-thinking mindset also has helped him embrace the fact that rapidly advancing technology opens new doors through which businesses and consumers can interact in a whole new way. By using technological advances, such as AI, to sift through (筛选) information and integrating multiple channels of communication into a unified platform, Thomas says, he’s been able to revolutionize customer care.
Thomas says he hates failure but loves the process of learning that comes after failure. When faced with the topics of success, failure and the many risks involved in starting a business, Thomas says, “I’ve never asked myself, ‘Why me ’ I’ve always asked myself ‘Why not me ’” By building stronger connections, easier accessibility and better customer-facing infrastructure (基础设施), he believes that soon every company on the planet will want his product.
These days, Thomas’s job is less about the daily to-dos and more about setting goals and empowering others to be successful. He wants to put happiness at the core of what he does, not just with clients but with his own employees. When speaking about his employees, he says, “It’s important for me that you do well and not just do great work.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 我表姐每次旅行回来, 都会买一些有当地特色的纪念品。（Every time）(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
53. 如今，有些年轻人为了能够自由支配时间， 选择灵活就业。（freedom）(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
54. 毋庸置疑，我们不可过度依赖人工智能，而应善用其作为工具，辅助我们的生活、学习和工作。（assist）(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
55. 为抵御台风来袭，志愿者们正顶风冒雨，挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。（regardless of）(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是中华中学的学生王欣。近日, 你参观了一个关于中国传统文化的展览, 深受启发。
你决定写一封感谢信给展览主办方, 内容包括:
你参观展览的时间和感受;
展览中你最喜欢的部分及原因;
你对文化传承的看法及感谢。
注: 信中不得透露你的真实信息。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024学年第二学期高三第二次模拟考试
英语 参考答案
（考试时间105分钟, 满分115分。请将答案填涂在答题纸上）
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. in 2. has been posting##has posted
3. how##that
4. those 5. to write
6. was released
7. that##which
8. since 9. breeding
10. left
Section B
【11~20题答案】
【答案】11. G 12. B
13. H 14. D
15. A 16. Ε
17. Ι 18. J
19. K 20. F
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
【36~39题答案】
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. C
（B）
【40~42题答案】
【答案】40. C 41. D 42. A
（C）
【43~46题答案】
【答案】43. A 44. C 45. B 46. D
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. E 48. D 49. B 50. A
III. Summary Writing
【51题答案】
【答案】Ragy Thomas, CEO of a successful company, owes his success to strong leadership skills. First, his big-picture mindset guides him to solve problems and revolutionize business with technological advances. Second, he views failure as a learning opportunity and believes in himself. Besides, he focuses on setting goals and empowering employees, and emphasizes happiness in work. (55 words)
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
【52题答案】
【答案】Every time my cousin comes back from a trip, she buys some souvenirs with local characteristics.
【53题答案】
【答案】Nowadays, some young people choose flexible employment in order to have the freedom to spend their time.
【54题答案】
【答案】No doubt we shouldn’t rely too much on artificial intelligence but rather make good use of it as a tool to assist in our life, study and work.
【55题答案】
【答案】To defend against the approaching typhoon, the volunteers are going door to door regardless of the wind and rain, reminding the residents to move their potted plants indoors.
V. Guided Writing
【56题答案】
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I am Wang Xin, a student from Zhonghua High School. I visited your exhibition on Chinese traditional culture last week and was deeply impressed by the rich displays. The exhibits allowed me to learn about ancient art forms and historical customs in an engaging way.
What I liked best was the interactive section, where I could try my hand at traditional paper-cutting. This hands-on experience helped me appreciate the skill and creativity of the craftsmen, and it made the culture feel alive.
In my view, cultural heritage must be cherished and passed on, as it connects different generations and reminds us of our roots. I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for organizing such an inspiring event. Thank you for all your efforts in promoting our valuable traditions.
Sincerely,
Wang Xin

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