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沪教版七年级下 Unit 5 知识清单背诵和默写
一、背诵清单
（一）重点词汇（中翻英）
每天的；日常的 everyday
类型；种类 form
（尤指长途）旅行 journey
滴；水珠 drop
水龙头 tap
说话声 voice
最后；终于 eventually
管子；管道 pipe
回去；返回 return
迅速移动 rush
洗澡；洗浴 bath
含盐的；咸的 salty（原词 salt 为名词，此处补充其形容词形式 ）
脑 brain
修理 fix
公共的；公开的 public
人口 population
农业 agriculture
贸易；买卖 trade
工业；生产制造 industry
角色 role
商品；货品 goods
在国外；向海外 overseas
全球的；全世界的 global
收入；收益；所得 income
几乎；差不多；将近 nearly
买卖；生意 business
闲暇；空闲；休闲 leisure
自始至终；贯穿整个时期 throughout
责任；义务 duty
短缺；不足 shortage （补充相关重点词汇 ）
资源 resource （补充相关重点词汇 ）
（二）重点短语（中翻英）
有点儿；稍微 a bit
立即；马上 at once
饮用水 drinking water
在..... 起作用 play a role in...
蒸汽机 steam engine
作为结果；因此 as a result
确保；设法保证 make sure
用完；耗尽 run out of
依靠；依赖 depend on
节约用水 save water
水资源 water resources
污水处理 sewage treatment
一方面…… 另一方面…… on the one hand... on the other hand...
采取行动 take action
循环利用水 recycle water
导致 lead to
对…… 有影响 have an effect on
把…… 变成…… turn... into...
大量的 a large amount of
各种各样的 all kinds of
（三）重点句子（中翻英）
水对我们的生活至关重要，我们离不开它。Water is crucial to our lives and we can't live without it.
这滴水经历了漫长的旅程，最终流入了大海。The drop of water had a long journey and eventually flowed into the sea.
我们应该确保每个人都能获得干净的饮用水。We should make sure that everyone can get clean drinking water.
工业和农业的发展都离不开水。The development of both industry and agriculture depends on water.
节约用水是我们每个人的责任。It's everyone's duty to save water.
如果我们继续浪费水，水资源将会短缺。If we keep wasting water, there will be a shortage of water resources.
污水处理对保护环境非常重要。Sewage treatment is very important for protecting the environment.
我们可以通过多种方式循环利用水。We can recycle water in many ways.
大量使用水资源会导致环境问题。The use of a large amount of water resources can lead to environmental problems.
一方面，水为我们的生活提供便利；另一方面，我们需要合理利用它。On the one hand, water provides convenience for our lives; on the other hand, we need to use it reasonably.
（四）重点词形转换（箭头归纳）
day（名词，天 ）→ everyday（形容词，每天的；日常的 ）
salt（名词，盐 ）→ salty（形容词，含盐的；咸的 ）
retire（动词，退休 ）→ retired（形容词，退休的 ）（虽未直接关联，但同属词汇拓展 ）
advice（名词，建议 ）→ advise（动词，建议 ）（虽未直接关联，但属常见词形转换，可作知识拓展 ）
friend（名词，朋友 ）→ friendly（形容词，友好的 ）（同属词汇拓展关联 ）
success（名词，成功 ）→ successful（形容词，成功的 ）；successfully（副词，成功地 ）；succeed（动词，成功 ）（拓展学生对同类词形转换的认知 ）
agriculture（名词，农业 ）→ agricultural（形容词，农业的 ）
industry（名词，工业 ）→ industrial（形容词，工业的 ）
history（名词，历史 ）→ historical（形容词，历史的 ）（补充类似词形转换 ）
physics（名词，物理 ）→ physical（形容词，物理的；身体的 ）（补充类似词形转换 ）
chemistry（名词，化学 ）→ chemical（形容词，化学的 ）（补充类似词形转换 ）
solve（动词，解决 ）→ solution（名词，解决办法 ）（补充相关词形转换 ）
pollute（动词，污染 ）→ pollution（名词，污染 ）（补充相关词形转换 ）
protect（动词，保护 ）→ protection（名词，保护 ）（补充相关词形转换 ）
二、默写清单
（一）重点词汇（中翻英）
每天的；日常的 ______
类型；种类 ______
（尤指长途）旅行 ______
滴；水珠 ______
水龙头 ______
说话声 ______
最后；终于 ______
管子；管道 ______
回去；返回 ______
迅速移动 ______
洗澡；洗浴 ______
含盐的；咸的 ______
脑 ______
修理 ______
公共的；公开的 ______
人口 ______
农业 ______
贸易；买卖 ______
工业；生产制造 ______
角色 ______
商品；货品 ______
在国外；向海外 ______
全球的；全世界的 ______
收入；收益；所得 ______
几乎；差不多；将近 ______
买卖；生意 ______
闲暇；空闲；休闲 ______
自始至终；贯穿整个时期 ______
责任；义务 ______
短缺；不足 ______
资源 ______
（二）重点短语（中翻英）
有点儿；稍微 ______
立即；马上 ______
饮用水 ______
在..... 起作用 ______
蒸汽机 ______
作为结果；因此 ______
确保；设法保证 ______
用完；耗尽 ______
依靠；依赖 ______
节约用水 ______
水资源 ______
污水处理 ______
一方面…… 另一方面…… ______
采取行动 ______
循环利用水 ______
导致 ______
对…… 有影响 ______
把…… 变成…… ______
大量的 ______
各种各样的 ______
（三）重点句子（中翻英）
水对我们的生活至关重要，我们离不开它。______
这滴水经历了漫长的旅程，最终流入了大海。______
我们应该确保每个人都能获得干净的饮用水。______
工业和农业的发展都离不开水。______
节约用水是我们每个人的责任。______
如果我们继续浪费水，水资源将会短缺。______
污水处理对保护环境非常重要。______
我们可以通过多种方式循环利用水。______
大量使用水资源会导致环境问题。______
一方面，水为我们的生活提供便利；另一方面，我们需要合理利用它。______
（四）重点词形转换（箭头归纳）
day（名词）→______（形容词）
salt（名词）→______（形容词）
retire（动词）→______（形容词）
advice（名词）→______（动词）
friend（名词）→______（形容词）
success（名词）→______（形容词）；（副词）；（动词）
agriculture（名词）→______（形容词）
industry（名词）→______（形容词）
history（名词）→______（形容词）
physics（名词）→______（形容词）
chemistry（名词）→______（形容词）
solve（动词）→______（名词）
pollute（动词）→______（名词）
protect（动词）→______（名词）
三、文章编写的语法填空
一滴水的奇妙之旅
A drop of water was born in a cloud. It 1.____ (look) around curiously. “Where am I What will happen to me ” it thought.
The cloud moved and the drop of water began its journey. It rushed down 2.____ (quick) with many other drops. They fell into a river. The water in the river was cold 3.____ the drop of water felt excited. It met different kinds of small animals in the river.
As the river flowed, the drop of water 4.____ (carry) along. It passed by beautiful fields and forests. Sometimes it 5.____ (see) people using water from the river for different things, like watering plants.
Finally, the river led the drop of water to the sea. The sea was vast and blue. The drop of water was a bit scared at first. But it soon found that it could 6.____ (play) with other drops here.
However, the drop of water also noticed that the sea water was 7.____ (salt) and there was some rubbish in it. It realized that people should 8.____ (protect) the water. If they didn't, the water would become dirty and it would be hard for all living things 9.____ (survive).
The drop of water hoped that one day it could return to a clean river and continue its wonderful journey. It believed that as long as people made an effort, the water 10.____ (become) cleaner.
水与社会发展
Water plays a very important role in our society. It is necessary for every aspect of life. For example, in agriculture, farmers need water 1.____ (grow) crops. Without enough water, the crops will die 2.____ (quick), and it will affect the food supply.
In industry, water is used in many processes. Factories use water 3.____ (produce) all kinds of goods. It also helps 4.____ (transport) goods. Rivers and lakes are important waterways for trade.
Water is also closely related to people's daily life. We need water for drinking, cooking, 5.____ (wash) and many other things. It makes up a large part of our bodies. Our brains need water 6.____ (function) properly.
However, with the development of the population and industry, the demand for water is increasing. At the same time, water pollution is becoming a serious problem. Factories pour waste water into rivers and lakes 7.____ (direct), making the water dirty. As a result, the amount of clean water is getting smaller.
We should take action to save water. We can start from small things, like fixing 8.____ (leak) taps and taking shorter showers. We also need to support laws 9.____ (protect) water resources. If everyone does their duty, we can ensure that there 10.____ (be) enough clean water for future generations.
水资源的现状与保护
Water is one of the most important 1.____ (resource) on the earth. However, the situation of water resources is becoming more and more serious.
On the one hand, the world's population is increasing 2.____ (rapid), and the demand for water is rising as well. 3.____ (agriculture) and industry are developing fast, which also need a large amount of water. As 4.____ result, water shortages are becoming more common in many places.
On the other hand, water pollution is a big problem. Factories and cities pour a lot of waste into rivers and lakes. This has a bad 5.____ (affect) on the quality of water. Many rivers and lakes have become 6.____ (pollute), and it's hard for the water to be used directly.
To solve these problems, we must take action. We should save water in our daily lives. For example, we can turn off the tap 7.____ once we finish using water. We should also support the development of sewage treatment 8.____ (technology) to reduce water pollution. In addition, we can recycle water to make the most of it.
If we don't protect water resources, we 9.____ (face) serious problems in the future. Let's work together to make sure that there is enough clean water 10.____ (leave) for our future generations.

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