资源简介 专题二十二 状语从句(知识精炼)考点讲解在复合句中,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较(或方式)和条件等。考点一、分类1. 时间状语从句引导连词有when,while,till,not…until,since,after,before,as soon as。The bus won't start until everybody gets on.公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours.昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。Where there is a will, there is a way.哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。Where there is a life, there is a hope.哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守候你。3. 原因状语从句引导连词有because,as,since。He didn't see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。4. 目的状语从句引导连词有that,so that…,in order that。He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.他必须早起,以便能赶上第一辆公共汽车。So that…以便/以致……①They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.②They started early so that they caught the early bus.注意:一般来讲,从句中含有情态动词的,为目的状语。无情态动词的,为结果状语。5. 结果状语从句(1)引导连词有that,so…that…,such…that。The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.这个盒子如此沉,以致我无法抬起来。(2)such+名词性词组+that…so+形容词/副词+that… 如此……以致……①She is such a good teacher that we all love her.②It was such a hot day that they didn't go out for a walk as usual.6. 让步状语从句引导连词有though,although,even though/if,whatever,however。Although he is young, he knows a lot of things.虽然他年龄小,但却认识许多事物。Even though you don't like him, you still have to be polite.Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.注意:although,though不能和but连用。7. 比较(方式)状语从句以than为引导连词。常见连词(as)…as…; than…;the…, the…Jim is older than Lucy (is).吉姆比露西年长。Skiing is more exciting than running.The more you practice, the more knowledge you will get.注意:than引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。8. 条件状语从句以if, unless为引导连词。If you eat bad food, you may be ill.如果你吃到坏了的食物,就会生病。If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will have a sports meet.注意:主句是将来时,从句用一般现在时。考点二、特殊用法1. 比较because, since, as和for(1) because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或 since。I didn't go, because I was afraid.我没有去,因为我害怕。Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.由于天气这么糟糕,我们不得不推迟我们的行程。(2) 由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。He is absent today, because /for he is ill.他今天缺席了,因为他生病了。He must be ill, for he is absent today.他一定是生病了,因为他今天缺席了。注意:because不能和so连用。2. if, unless 的用法(1) if 引导的真实条件句一般遵循“主将从现”原则;而引导非真实条件句时则要遵循虚拟语气。If it rains tomorrow, we will put off the meeting.如果明天下雨,会议将会推迟。(2) unless 为 if 的否定形式,对等于 if ... not。Unless I study hard, I will fail in the exam.除非我好好学习,否则我考试会失败。=If I don’t study hard, I will fail in the exam.如果我不努力学习,我考试就会失败。3. such...that...与 so...that...的用法区别(1) such...that...①such+冠词+形容词+可数名词单数+that...He is such a nice guy that we all like him.他是一个如此好的人,以至于我们都喜欢他。②such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that...It was such fine weather that they all went swimming.天气如此好,以至于他们都去游泳了。(2) so...that...①so+形容词/副词+that...He is so nice that we all like him.他非常好,以至于我们都喜欢他。②so+形容词+冠词+可数名词单数+that...He is so nice a guy that we all like him.他是一个如此好的人,以至于我们都喜欢他。③so+many/ much/ few/ little+名词+that...There was so much noise outside that we couldn’t hear the teacher.外面有如此多的噪音,以至于我们听不见老师(讲课)。4. as, though, although 的用法(1) although 比 though 两者大致同义,可换用,只是 although 比 though 更为正式,此时不与 but 连用,但可与 yet, still 等副词连用。Though/ Although they’re expensive, people buy them.虽然它们很昂贵,人们还是买。(2) though 可用作副词,表示“然而”“不过”,通常用于句末。She promised to phone. I heard nothing, though.她答应要打电话来,可我没听到回信儿。(3) 在 as though(好像,仿佛),even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中,不能用although 代替 though。(4) 用作连词,表示“虽然”,as 在引导让步状语从句时,要使用倒装;although 引导让步状语从句使用正常语序;though 属于可倒装也可不倒装。Try though/ as I would, I could not make her change her mind.不管我多努力,也不能让她改变主意。Although she knows that diet pills are harmful, she is still taking them.尽管它知道减肥药有害,但她仍然在继续服用。5. 疑问词+ever 与 no matter+疑问词的区别用法(1) 疑问词+ever 与 no matter+疑问词都可引导让步状语从句。No matter who you are, you must keep the law. = Whoever you are, you must keep the law.不管你是谁,你都需要遵纪守法注意:疑问词+ever 可以引导名词性从句,而 no matter+疑问词不可以。I’ll eat whatever you give me.你给我吃什么,我就吃什么。Whoever comes will be welcome.不管谁来都受到欢迎。(2) 固定用法:no matter how+adj./ adv.+主语+谓语+其它no matter what + n. +主语+谓语+其它No matter how difficult it is, we will try our best to achieve the goal.无论多么困难,我们都会尽最大的努力实现目标。No matter what season it is, this kind of flower is always beautiful.不管在哪个季节,这种花都很漂亮。解题方法题型一:单项选择题判断逻辑关系:首先分析主从句之间的逻辑关系,是时间、原因、条件、让步等哪种关系,从而确定引导词的大致范围。考虑时态规则:根据状语从句的类型,结合时态规则判断从句的时态。比如时间、条件状语从句的 “主将从现” 等特殊规则。注意特殊情况:牢记一些特殊的引导词用法和句型,如 not until、as soon as 等的用法,以及 “the + 比较级……,the + 比较级……” 等句型。题型二:完形填空题通读上下文:全面理解文章内容,把握故事的发展脉络和人物关系等,根据语境确定主从句之间的逻辑联系。代入验证:将选项中的引导词代入句子,看是否符合上下文的逻辑和语义,使文章表达顺畅、合理。题型三:语法填空题分析句子结构:确定句子中是否存在状语从句,以及主从句的范围,根据主从句的逻辑关系判断引导词。遵循语法规则:依据状语从句的时态、语态等语法规则,确定从句中动词等的正确形式。题型四:写作题根据表达需要选择:在写作过程中,根据想要表达的内容和逻辑关系,合理选择使用状语从句。比如要说明某个动作发生的时间,就用时间状语从句;要阐述原因,就用原因状语从句等。注意语法正确:确保状语从句的引导词使用正确,时态、语序等语法方面没有错误,与主句的搭配自然、合理,使文章的语言表达准确、流畅。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览