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（9）动词和动词短语（知识精炼）——中考英语一轮复习考点精炼与综测
考点讲解
动词是表示动作或状态的词，在句子中起着核心作用，它能够表达主语所进行的行为、发生的动作，或者所处的状态等，是句子中不可或缺的重要组成部分。
动词短语是由动词加上其他词类（如副词、介词、名词等）组合而成的短语，它的意义通常不等于各个组成部分意义的简单相加，而是具有特定的、整体的含义，在句子中可以充当谓语等成分。
考点一、动词
（一）分类
1. 实义动词
(1) 及物动词（vt.）：后面必须接宾语才能表达完整的意思。
例如：I love music.（“love” 是及物动词，“music”是其宾语）
(2) 不及物动词（vi.）：后面不直接接宾语，如果需要接宾语，要借助介词。
例如：He runs every morning.（“runs”是不及物动词）；
She listens to music.（“listens”是不及物动词，“to”是介词，“music”是宾语）
2. 系动词（link - v.）：本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。常见的系动词有：
(1) be 动词：am/is/are（一般现在时）；was/were（一般过去时）。
例如：She is a student.
(2) 感官系动词：look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（感觉起来）。
例如：The flower smells sweet.
(3) 变化系动词：become（变成）、get（变得）、turn（变得）、grow（逐渐变得）等。
例如：It gets dark.
(4) 保持系动词：keep（保持）、stay（保持）等。
例如：Keep quiet!
3. 助动词（aux. v.）：本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，主要用来帮助实义动词构成各种时态、语态、否定和疑问等。常见的助动词有 be、do、does、did、have、has、had等。
例如：Do you like English （“Do”是助动词，帮助构成一般疑问句）；
She has finished her homework.（“has”是助动词，帮助构成现在完成时）
4. 情态动词（modal v.）：本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。常见的情态动词有can（能；会）、could（can 的过去式）、may（可以；也许）、might（may 的过去式）、must（必须）、need（需要）、ought to（应该）等。
例如：I can speak English.（“can”是情态动词，“speak”是动词原形）
【补充】按形式分类
1. 规则动词：过去式和过去分词一般是在动词原形后加 -ed 构成。
例如：work - worked - worked
2. 不规则动词：过去式和过去分词的变化没有规则，需要特殊记忆。
例如：go - went - gone；see - saw - seen
（二）及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整，后面要跟一个名词或代词等作宾语才能使其意思完整。
1. 动词+宾语。
宾语可以是名词，代词或相当于名词的词，如doing或to do。
Dick is watching TV. 迪克正在看电视。
2. 动词+宾语+宾补。
宾补可以是名词，形容词，现在分词，不定式，副词，介词短语。
We call her Linda. 我们叫她琳达。
注意：接省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有：make, let, see, watch, have, hear, notice, feel, listen to, observe, help等。
3. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。
双宾语动词后面跟两个宾语，直接宾语为动词直接涉及的事物；间接宾语往往指涉及的人。间接宾语有时可放到后面去，由介词to或for引导，变成介词短语。
My friend always gives me some old books.
我的朋友经常给我一些旧书。
常见的带双宾语的动词有：
(1) 能接以to引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：bring, give, leave, lend, offer, pass, play, read, send, show, take, teach, tell, write等。
Could you lend your dictionary to me
请你把你的字典借我用下好吗
She passed the salt to him. 她把盐递给了他。
(2) 能接以for引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：build, buy, cook, cut, fetch, find, get, keep, make, order, save, pick, play, sing, take, win, write等。
Mother cooks breakfast for us every day.
母亲每天都为我们做早饭。
I'll fetch a chair for you. 我去给你拿一把椅子。
（三）不及物动词
不及物动词自身意思完整，无需接宾语。后接宾语时，必须先加介词、副词等，使其变成及物的短语动词，它的作用等于一个及物动词。如：look, wait, cry, smile, laugh, stop, rain等。
She is looking at the picture. 她正在看照片。
She turned off the light when she left.当她离开时，她把灯关了。
She gets along well with her classmates.她与她的同学相处得很好。
She takes pride in doing a job well.她因做好工作而自豪。
（四）有些动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词
We must study English well. (及物动词)
我们必须学好英语。
We must study hard. (不及物动词)
我们必须努力学习。
The girls are flying kites. (及物动词)
女孩们正在放风筝。
Birds can fly. (不及物动词)
鸟会飞。
（五）延续性动词和短暂性动词
1. 延续性动词表示动作是延续性的，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。这样的词有live, stay, work, keep, study, teach等。
You can keep the book for a week.
你可以借用这本书一个星期。
2. 短暂性动词表示瞬间动作，动作一经发生立即结束，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。这样的词有die, buy, borrow, lend, arrive, join, finish, go, come, catch等。
考点二、动词短语
（一）动词 + 副词
此类短语中，副词对动词的意义进行补充，有的短语可拆分，有的不可拆分。
1. 可拆分
当宾语是代词时，必须将代词放在动词和副词之间；当宾语是名词时，既可放在动词和副词之间，也可放在副词之后。
put on（穿上；戴上）
宾语为名词：You can put your coat on. = You can put on your coat.（你可以穿上你的外套。）
宾语为代词：Put it on.（把它穿上。）
take off（脱下；起飞）
宾语为名词：Take your shoes off. = Take off your shoes.（脱掉你的鞋子。）
宾语为代词：Take them off.（把它们脱掉。）
turn on/off（打开 / 关闭，常指电器类）
宾语为名词：Turn the TV on. = Turn on the TV.（打开电视。）
宾语为代词：Turn it on.（把它打开。）
2. 不可拆分
无论宾语是名词还是代词，都放在副词之后。
look up（查阅；查找，通常指查阅字典、资料等）
宾语为名词：You can look up the word in the dictionary.（你可以在字典里查这个单词。）
宾语为代词：Look it up in the dictionary.（在字典里查它。）
go on（继续）
宾语为名词：Let's go on the discussion.（让我们继续讨论。）
宾语为代词：Let's go on it.（让我们继续这件事。）
（二）动词 + 介词
介词后必须接宾语，构成动宾关系，动词短语不可拆分，宾语无论是名词还是代词都放在介词后。
listen to（听）
宾语为名词：Listen to the teacher carefully.（认真听老师讲课。）
宾语为代词：Listen to me.（听我说。）
look for（寻找）
宾语为名词：I'm looking for my keys.（我在找我的钥匙。）
宾语为代词：I'm looking for them.（我在找它们。）
wait for（等待）
宾语为名词：She is waiting for the bus.（她在等公交车。）
宾语为代词：She is waiting for him.（她在等他。）
（三）动词 + 副词 + 介词
这类短语语义相对复杂，同样不可拆分，宾语放在介词后。
catch up with（赶上；追上）
宾语为名词：You should study hard to catch up with your classmates.（你应该努力学习以赶上你的同学。）
宾语为代词：You should study hard to catch up with him.（你应该努力学习以赶上他。）
get on with（与…… 相处；进展）
宾语为名词：How are you getting on with your new neighbors （你和你的新邻居相处得怎么样？）
宾语为代词：How are you getting on with her （你和她相处得怎么样？）
（四）动词 + 名词 + 介词
这类动词短语通常具有特定的含义，结构固定，宾语放在介词后。
take care of（照顾；照料）
宾语为名词：She takes care of her sick mother.（她照顾她生病的母亲。）
宾语为代词：She takes care of him.（她照顾他。）
pay attention to（注意）
宾语为名词：Please pay attention to your spelling.（请注意你的拼写。）
宾语为代词：Please pay attention to it.（请注意它。）
（五）其他常见特殊动词短语
be good at（擅长）后接名词、代词或动名词。
例如：He is good at math.（他擅长数学。）；
She is good at singing.（她擅长唱歌。）
be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）后接名词、代词或动名词。
例如：I'm interested in science fiction.（我对科幻小说感兴趣。）；
They are interested in playing football.（他们对踢足球感兴趣。）
make up one's mind（下定决心）
例如：She made up her mind to study abroad.（她下定决心出国留学。）
解题方法
题型：语法填空
方法1：句子缺谓语判断法
一个完整的句子通常需要有谓语动词来表达核心动作或状态。如果句子中没有其他明显的动词充当谓语，那么空格处很可能要填动词或动词短语来作谓语。要根据句子的时态、主语的单复数等确定动词的形式。
例题：He ____ (go) to school by bike every day.
解析：句子缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语 every day 可知是一般现在时，主语 He 是第三人称单数，所以填 goes。
方法2：固定搭配判断法
英语中有大量的动词与其他词构成的固定搭配或短语动词，如 look forward to、take care of 等。当句子中出现与这些搭配相关的提示词或语境时，可据此判断要填相应的动词短语。
例题：We should ____ (take) good care of the old people.
解析：根据固定搭配 take care of 以及 should 后接动词原形，可知应填 take。
方法3：非谓语动词判断法
若句子中已有谓语动词，而空格处需要一个动词来表示伴随、目的、原因等其他动作意义时，可能要填非谓语动词（动词不定式、动名词、分词）。比如表示目的常用动词不定式；作主语或宾语时，可能用动名词或动词不定式；表示主动且与谓语动词同时发生的动作，可能用现在分词；表示被动或完成的动作，可能用过去分词。
例题：____ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks very beautiful.
解析：句子已有谓语动词 looks，这里需要用非谓语动词。see 与句子主语 the city 是被动关系，即 “城市被从山顶上看”，所以用过去分词 Seen 作状语。
方法4：上下文语义判断法
根据句子的上下文语义，若需要一个词来表示某个具体的动作或行为，且符合句子的逻辑和语境，通常要填动词或动词短语。通过理解句子所描述的情境，确定所需的动作概念。
例题：The boy ____ (run) quickly to catch the bus.
解析：根据上下文 “男孩快速____去赶公交车”，可知需要一个表示 “跑” 的动词，这里描述的是一个具体的动作，根据语境可以用一般过去时 ran 或一般现在时 runs，如果强调正在进行也可用 is running 等。假设语境是描述过去的事情，填 ran。
方法5：词性转换判断法
有时句子中的空格需要根据所给词的词性进行转换，如果给出的是名词、形容词等，根据句子意思可能需要将其转换为相应的动词形式来填写。
例题：The invention of the computer has ____ (able) people to communicate more easily.
解析：根据句子结构，这里需要一个动词，able 的动词形式是 enable，且 has 后接过去分词构成现在完成时，所以填 enabled。
（9）动词和动词短语（综合测试）——中考英语一轮复习考点精炼与综测
分值：100分
一、单选题（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. Rabbit is a__________of wisdom in many Chinese idioms like Clever rabbits have three holes.
A. sense B. subject C. sign D. symbol
2. Tea, ________ accidental invention, is very popular all around the world.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. —Do you have enough students to clean the classroom
—No, I think we need _________ students.
A. another B. two another C. more two D. two more
4. I tried on three shirts yesterday, but ________ of them fitted me well.
A. both B. neither C. all D. none
5. Mr. Wu is a ________ person. You can ask him for help.
A. helpful B. healthy C. comfortable D. sick
6. —Be brave and express your opinions ________.
—I will have a try.
A. abroad B. aloud C. already D. almost
7. —What do you usually do ________ weekends
—I often ________.
A. at;go to movie B. on;play piano
C. on;go to the movies D. at;play the sports
8. — Last week, our city had _______ much smog ________ we couldn’t see each other in 5 meters.
— It’s time to protect our environment.
A. enough; to B. too; to C. such; that D. so, that
9. —I don’t know how to study English well.
—Don’t ________ it Let me help you.
A. look at B. worry about C. help with D. call back
10. —What happened to Jenny She looks unhappy.
—She wanted to play a joke on her deskmate, but finally she ________.
A. is fooled B. has been fooled C. will be fooled D. was fooled
11. —Have you ever heard that a famous pianist will give a concert this Sunday
—Yes. Luckily, I have ________ to get a ticket.
A. prevented B. managed C. expressed D. promised
12. Thousands of years ago, texts _________ on animal bones before they were written on paper.
A. appears B. would appear C. was appearing D. appeared
13. —Will your sister go to Hainan this summer
— If I don’t go, _______.
A. so will she B. so does she
C. neither will she D. neither does she
14. —Have you asked the policeman ________
—Yes. He told us to turn right at the corner. There is one on the right.
A. if there is a bank near here B. how can you get to the nearest bank
C. where we found a bank D. when we can go to the nearest bank
15. I still remember the place and the people _____I visited in Columbia several years ago
A. what B. who C. that D. which
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
Memorizing class notes is a good way to learn English. But what is the 16 way for you to memorize class notes The question is difficult to 17 , because different people learn in different ways and there are really too many ways. It also has 18 to do with the material to be memorized.
I 19 a very good way to memorize class notes before. I typed the whole term’s hand-written notes into a computer. 20 it took a lot of time, it was a good way. It made me 21 about the material again. This way of memorizing class notes could also make me feel 22 , because it was an easy way. I just needed to start at the beginning of my notes and type to the end.
There are many other good ways to memorize class notes. 23 , you can underline the important parts of your notes using different colored pens. When you 24 the notes, you will pay more attention to these parts. You can also 25 an outline (概要) of your notes, and then you will have a better understanding of each lesson.
16. A. best B. newest C. busiest D. cheapest
17. A. find B. solve C. answer D. discuss
18. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything
19. A. used B. forgot C. needed D. believed
20. A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Although
21. A. ask B. talk C. think D. worry
22. A. lucky B. safe C. afraid D. relaxed
23. A. After all B. For example C. In total D. So far
24. A. report B. review C. retell D. replay
25. A. make B. require C. explain D. divide
三、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
A
It is 2050. The dream of going on vacation in space(太空) has come true. So would you want to become a space tourist Here, some middle school students share their opinions.
Klaudia, Spain I would love to go to space. From there, I could enjoy the nice earth. I want to know what life is like without gravity(重力) . Perhaps it would be fun to play golf in space!
Emily, the US It can be dangerous to travel to space. What if I get lost I am also afraid of heights. It would be very frightening when you look down on the earth from a spaceship!
Ana, the US I would not like to be a space tourist. For me, what I want to have on this planet is my family, my school and my pets. I’d like to work hard and make progress in what I am doing.
Zainab,South Africa I’d love to! We studied the solar system(太阳系) in science classes this term. I think space is amazing. It would be great to see things I could never see on the earth.
Edward, the UK It would be cool. But I would miss my family. Also it takes a lot of time to train to become a space tourist. I don’t think I have time for that. Finally, I don’t think I have enough money to take a trip to space.
26. Who comes from America according to the passage
A. Klaudia and Emily. B. Edward and Ana.
C. Ana and Zainab. D. Emily and Ana.
27. How many of the students would like to travel to space
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
28. Who is afraid of heights
A. Klaudia. B. Edward. C. Ana. D. Emily.
29. Where did Zainab study the solar system this term
A. In a science book. B. In science classes.
C. In a science magazine. D. In a science club.
30. Edward doesn’t want to become a space tourist because ________.
①he is afraid of heights
②he would miss his family
③he is not interested in space
④he doesn’t have time to finish the training
⑤he doesn’t have enough money to pay for a trip to space
A. ②④⑤ B. ②③④ C. ①②⑤ D. ①③⑤
B
Every year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers. Volunteers give their time to help people. For example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.
Pauline Jones, 18, lives in Cardiff, Wales. Next year she wants to go to university to study Chinese, but now she’s living in Belize. Pauline says, "I’m working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is very polluted, the coral dies. I’m helping to do research (研究) on the coral and the fish that live around the reefs. All over the world, coral reefs are dying. We need to do something about the problem before it’s too late. "
"I’m staying with a family here and I help do some housework. I don’t get any money, but that’s OK. I love my work here, and I’m learning a lot about the people of Belize—and myself!
When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America. "
31. Some young people from England ______ after they finish school.
A. go to university B. spend one year as volunteers
C. go to work for money D. start work in schools or hospitals
32. Pauline Jones, an eighteen-year-old girl, is living in ________ now.
A. England B. China C. Belize D. Cardiff
33. Pauline Jones is ________ with other people.
A. studying Chinese in a university B. working to save the coral reefs
C. working in a hospital D. doing some research in Wales
34. From the passage, we know that the coral reefs ________.
A. will die because of the pollution B. are not as beautiful as before
C. cannot live without fish in the sea D. will probably be sold for money
35. Pauline Jones wants to ________ after she finishes her work as a volunteer.
A. stay there for another year B. go back home to start work
C. learn about the people home D. travel around Central America
四、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
(Paul and Sue are talking about going to the park. P=Paul, S=Sue. )
P: Hurry up, Sue! We’re going to be late again!
S: 36. ________
P: Come on, why do you need it
S: My mother said it may rain today. 37. ________
P: Are you sure It is sunny and warm now.
S: 38. ________
P: Then today is not a good time for the picnic. Perhaps we should cancel our picnic.
S: No way! 39. ________
P: I’ll also take an umbrella, just in case it may rain later.
S: 40. ________
P: I hope so. Let’s go!
A. Hope it will not rain. B. I’m ready, but I can’t find the umbrella. C. Why not call them and ask for their advice D. Carl and Helen are waiting for us at the park. E. You should take the sunglasses with you, too. F. She listened to the weather report on the radio. G. There are often showers (阵雨) during summer, you know.
五、语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
41. —What's the weather like in Harbin in winter —It's______ (snow).
42. My father and mother_____ (have) dinner right now.
43. —You are_____ to catch the early bus. I have to wait for the next one. —Good_____ ! (luck)
44. —Where is your mother —She______ (clean) the rooms.
45. ______ lights are shining______ across the city. (bright)
六、连词成句（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
46. today, do, wear, school, we, have, to, uniforms
______________________________________________
47. to, here, it's, meet, you, nice
_____________________________________________.
48. in, the, we, eat, can't, food, classroom
_____________________________________________.
49. first, my, day, it's, Nanjing, in
_____________________________________________.
50. with, me, you, would, swimming, like, to, go
______________________________________________
七、书面表达（共1小题；满分25分）
假设你叫李华，寒假即将来临，你的朋友Peter正在为假期计划而犯愁。为此，他向你写了一封邮件，寻求你的帮助。请根据Peter担心的问题，给他回一封电子邮件，提一些合理的建议。
问题 ：
1. 有很多作业要完成，但又想和朋友出去逛；
2. 想买一台平板电脑(iPad),但没有足够的钱；
3. 希望帮助一些有需要的人，但不知该怎么做。
Dear Peter,
I’m happy to get your e-mail. Now let me give you some advice.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope my advice can help you and you’ll have a wonderful holiday.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、单选题
1. 答案：D
解析：根据句意"兔子是智慧的_____，在中国有很多像"狡兔三窟"这样的成语。"可知此处填入sign(标志)符合句意。故选D。
2. 答案：B
解析：考查冠词的用法。空格后是accidental invention，是可数名词单数，invention的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以用an。
3. 答案：D
解析：一你有足够的学生打扫教室吗 一没有,我想我们还需要两名学生。another two students = two more students再两个学生,又两个学生。
4. 答案：D
解析：考查代词辨析。both两者都;neither两者都不;all三者或三者以上都;none三者或三者以上都不。根据"three shirts"可知，是三者。but表示转折，说明都不合适，应用none。故选D。
5. 答案：A
解析：考查形容词辨析。helpful乐于助人的;healthy健康的;comfortable舒服的;sick生病的。根据"You can ask him for help. "可知，吴先生乐于助人。故选A。
6. 答案：B
解析：abroad在海外，在国外;aloud大声地;already已经;almost几乎。分析句意应为"勇敢点，大声表达出你的想法"。故选:B。
7. 答案：C
解析：at/on weekends表示"在周末"，do/play sports做运动，go to the movies去看电影。故选: C。
8. 答案：D
解析：根据句意可知，so. . . that. . . 如此……以至于……，so是副词，后面接形容词或副词，that后接句子。such. . . that. . . 如此……以至于……，such是形容词，后接名词，that后接句子。too. . . to. . . 太……而不能，too后面接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。enough. . . to. . . 足够……去做某事，enough后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。因此选项A，B和C不符合题意。故选: D。
9. 答案：B
解析：考查动词短语。look at看;worry about担心;help with帮助(某人)做……;call back回电。根据"Let me help you. "可知，此处是安慰对方不要担心，故选B。
10. 答案：D
解析：考查时态和语态。句意为:珍妮怎么了 她看起来不开心。她想和她的同桌开个玩笑,但最后她被愚弄了。she与谓语动词fool之间是被动关系,故设空处应该用被动语态;又根据语境,应该用一般过去时。故选D。
11. 答案：B
解析：根据"Luckily，I have. . . to get a ticket"可知是设法得到了著名钢琴家举办的音乐会的票。故选: B。
12. 答案：D
解析：几千年前，在文字被写在纸上之前，文字出现在动物骨头上。根据题干中 Thousands of ago（几千年前）可知句子时态为一般过去时。故选D。
13. 答案：C
解析：考查倒装句。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，这里是缺少主句，用一般将来时，排除BD;这里是表示否定意义，用"neither+助动词+主语"结构，一般将来时助动词用will。主语用she来代替your sister，排除A。故选C。
14. 答案：A
解析：考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B;根据"He told us to turn right at the corner. There is one on the right. "可知问句在问地点，排除D;C项"我们在哪里找到了一家银行"时态不符合情景，排除C;A项"是否有家银行"符合情景，故选A。
15. 答案：C
解析：句意:我仍然记得多年前在哥伦比亚拜访的地方和人。考査定语从句。what不能作定语从句的关系词;who关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;句中的先行词是"the place and the people",既有物又有人,所以关系代词只能用that。故选C。
二、完形填空
16. 答案：A
解析：考查形容词辨析。句意:但是，你记住课堂笔记的最好方法是什么 best最好的;newest最新的;busiest最忙的;cheapest最便宜的。根据句意可知，是对自己来说最好的方式。故选A。
17. 答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析。句意:这个问题很难回答，因为不同的人学习的方式不同，而且方法实在太多了。find发现;solve解决;answer回答;discuss讨论。根据后文because different people learn in different ways and there are really too many ways. (因为不同的人用不同的方式学习，而且方式真的太多了。)可知，回答这个问题很难。故选C。
18. 答案：B
解析：考查代词辨析。句意:它也与需要记忆的材料有关。nothing没有什么;something某事，某物，一般用于肯定句;everything每件事;anything任何事物，一般用于否定和疑问句中。根据句意可知，此处使用have something to do with"与……有关"。故选B。
19. 答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。句意:我以前用过一种很好的方法来记课堂笔记。used使用;forgot忘记;needed需要;believed相信。根据句意可知，作者曾经使用一种好办法来记课堂笔记。故选A。
20. 答案：D
解析：考查连词辨析。句意:虽然花了很多时间，但这是一个好方法。If如果;Unless除非;Because因为;Although虽然。根据句意可知，前后句是转折关系，前句表示让步条件，此句是让步状语从句，应用Although引导。故选D。
21. 答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析。句意:这让我再次想起这些材料。ask询问;talk谈话;think记得;worry担忧。根据句意可知，此处意为可以让我再次想起这些材料。故选C。
22. 答案：D
解析：考查形容词辨析。句意:这种记忆课堂笔记的方式也能让我感到放松，因为这是一种简单的方式。lucky幸运的;safe安全的;afraid害怕的;relaxed放松的。根据后文because it was an easy way. (因为这是个简单的方法。)可知，简单的方法往往会使人感到放松。故选D。
23. 答案：B
解析：考查短语辨析。句意:例如，您可以使用不同颜色的笔在笔记的重要部分下面画线。After all毕竟;For example例如;In total总计;So far目前为止。根据后文you can underline the important parts of your notes using different colored pens(你可以用不同颜色的笔在笔记的重要部分划线)可知，此处举出了一个例子，且有逗号隔开，For example符合题意。故选B。
24. 答案：B
解析：考查动词辨析。句意:当你复习笔记时，你会更加注意这些部分。report汇报;review复习，回顾;retell复述;replay重播。根据后文you will pay more attention to these parts. (你会更加注意这些部分。)可知，是复习笔记。故选B。
25. 答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。句意:你也可以把你的笔记做一个提纲，然后你会更好地理解每节课。make制作;require要求;explain解释;divide分。根据后面的an outline(概要)of your notes(你笔记的概要)可知，这里是把你的笔记做一个提纲。故选A。
二、阅读理解
A
26. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Emily，the US; Ana， the US可知Emily和Ana来自美国，故选D。
27. 答案：B
解析：归纳整理题。根据表格第一栏第一句I would love to go to space. 可知Klaudia想去太空旅行;再根据表格第四栏中的"I'd love to!"可知Zainab想去太空旅行。而Emily认为去太空是危险的，Ana和 Edward都有不想去的理由。所以有两个喜欢去太空旅行，故选B。
28. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据表格第二栏中的"I am also afraid of heights. "可知Emily恐高。故选D。
29. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据表格第四栏中的"We studied the solar system in science classes this term. "可知，Zainab在科学课上学习太阳系知识。故选B。
30. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据表格最后一栏中的But I would miss my family. Also it takes a lot of time to train to become a space tourist. I don't think I have time for that. Finally, I don't think I have enough money to take a trip to space. 但我会想念我的家人。而且，要成为一名太空游客，还需要大量的时间来训练。我想我没有时间做那件事。最后，我认为我没有足够的钱去太空旅行。可知Edward 认为若去太空旅行，他会想念他的家人，而且他没有时间训练成为太空旅行者，他也没有足够的钱去太空旅行。提到了②④⑤，故选A。
B
31. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据"Every year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. "可知，一些来自英国的年轻人在完成学业后做了一年的志愿者。故选B。
32. 答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据"but now she’s living in Belize. "可知，波琳·琼斯，现在住在伯利兹。故选C。
33. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据"Pauline says, "I’m working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. ""可知，波琳·琼斯正在和其他人一起努力拯救珊瑚礁。故选B。
34. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据"The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is very polluted, the coral dies. "可知，从这句话中，我们知道珊瑚礁将因污染而死亡。故选A。
35. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据"When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America. "可知，波琳·琼斯想在完成志愿者工作后到中美洲各地旅行。故选D。
四、七选五
答案：答案：BFGDA
解析：36. 根据Come on，why do you need it (快点，你为什么需要它 )及My mother said it may rain today. (我妈妈说今天可能有雨。)可知要出门了再找雨伞，结合选项，B(我准备好了，但是我找不到我的伞。)符合情境，故选B。
37. 根据My mother said it may rain today. (我妈妈说今天可能有雨。)可知说明有雨的原因，结合选项，F(她在收音机上听的天气预报。)符合情境，故选F。
38. 根据It is sunny and warm now. (现在是晴天并且温暖的。)可知这里说明天气状况，结合选项，G(在夏天经常有阵雨，你知道。)符合情境，故选G。
39. 根据No way!(不行!)可知这里说明不能不去的理由，结合选项，D(Carl和Helen在公园等着我们呢。)符合情境，故选D。
40. 根据I hope so. (我希望如此。)可知这里希望不要下雨了，结合选项，A(希望不会再下雨了。)符合情境，故选A。
五、语法填空
41. 答案：snowy
42. 答案：are having
43. 答案：lucky; luck
44. 答案：is cleaning
45. 答案：Bright; brightly
六、连词成句
46. 答案：Do we have to wear school uniforms today
47. 答案：It’s nice to meet you here
48. 答案：We can’t eat food in the classroom
49. 答案：It’s my first day in Nanjing
50. 答案：Would you like to go swimming with me
七、书面表达
答案：
Dear Peter,
I'm happy to get your e-mail. Now let me give you some advice.
First, I advise you to finish your homework before you hang out with your friends. If you just want to play and don't do your homework, your parents will be angry. Second, if you truly look forward to buying an iPad, you'll probably ask your parents for help. But remember you should use the iPad in a right way. Don't spend too much time on it. Third, if you still don't know what to do to help some people in need, I think going to an old people's home will be a good idea. You can also help look after your neighbor's kids.
I hope my advice can help you and you'll have a wonderful holiday.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：[高分句型一]If you just want to play and don't do your homework, your parents will be angry. 如果你只是想玩而不做作业，你的父母会生气的。if引导的条件状语从句。
[高分句型二]But remember you should use the iPad in a right way. 你应该以正确的方式使用iPad。省略that的宾语从句。

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