资源简介 21世纪教育网 –中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台Unit 2 No Rules, No Order语法归纳和练习- 2024-2025学年人教版英语七年级下册Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 语法聚焦:祈使句&情态动词&频度副词一、语法归纳语法点 1:祈使句1.祈使句的定义祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等语气。它的主语通常是第二人称 you,但一般省略不写。2.祈使句的结构肯定祈使句:动词原形(+ 宾语 + 其他成分)。例如:Open the door, please.(请打开门。)Come here early.(早点来这儿。)Let's go shopping.(咱们去购物吧。这里 Let's 是 Let us 的缩写形式,也是一种特殊的肯定祈使句结构 )否定祈使句:Don't + 动词原形(+ 宾语 + 其他成分)。例如:Don't run in the hallways.(不要在走廊里跑。)Don't be late for class.(上课不要迟到。这里 be 动词原形用于祈使句中表示 “处于某种状态” )Never eat in the classroom.(绝不要在教室里吃东西。Never 也可用于构成否定祈使句,语气比 Don't 更强 )3.祈使句的特点祈使句通常没有主语,句末用感叹号或句号,读时一般用降调。当祈使句表示请求时,通常在句首或句末加上 please,句末加 please 时,前面要用逗号隔开。例如:Please come in. 或 Come in, please.(请进。)语法点 2:情态动词 can 的用法1.表示能力can 表示某人 “能;会” 做某事,即具备某种能力。其否定形式是 can't(cannot 的缩写),表示 “不能;不会”。例如:I can speak English.(我会说英语。)She can't play the guitar.(她不会弹吉他。)Can you swim Yes, I can. / No, I can't.(你会游泳吗?是的,我会。/ 不,我不会。)2.表示请求许可在口语中,can 可以用来向对方请求许可,意为 “可以”,常用于非正式场合。其否定回答常用 can't 或 mustn't(表示 “禁止;不允许”)。例如:Can I have a glass of water (我可以喝杯水吗?)Yes, you can.(是的,你可以。)No, you can't /mustn't.(不,你不可以。)3.can 与 be able to 的区别can 只有一般现在时和一般过去时(could)两种时态形式,而 be able to 有更多的时态变化,可以用于各种时态。例如:I will be able to drive a car next year.(明年我将能开车。这里不能用 can,因为表示将来的能力 )在过去时态中,could 常用来表示过去一般的能力,即过去 “能,会” 做某事;而 was/were able to 则强调过去成功地做了某事(=managed to do sth. 或 succeeded in doing sth.)。例如:I could run faster when I was young.(我年轻时能跑得更快。只是说明过去有跑步快的能力 )He was able to escape from the fire yesterday.(他昨天成功地从火灾中逃了出来。强调成功做到 )语法点 3:频度副词的进一步运用(本单元延续上一单元内容)1.频度副词与祈使句或情态动词连用时的位置当句子中出现祈使句时,频度副词通常放在祈使句动词之前。例如:Always listen to your teachers carefully in class.(在课堂上要总是认真听老师讲课。)当句子中含有情态动词时,频度副词一般放在情态动词之后,实义动词之前。例如:You should always keep your room clean.(你应该总是保持你的房间干净。)2.对含有频度副词的句子提问依旧用 how often 来对频度副词进行提问,询问动作发生的频率。例如:They often play basketball after school.(对 often 提问)How often do they play basketball after school 二、语法练习(一)单项选择( )1.—______ run in the hallways.—Sorry, Ms. Clark.A. Do B. Don't C. Please D. Let's( )2.______ late for school again, Tom.A. Not be B. Be not C. Don't be D. Don't( )3.—______ I borrow your dictionary —Sure. Here you are.A. Need B. Must C. Should D. Can( )4.—Can you play chess —No, I ______. But I want to learn it.A. can B. can't C. could D. couldn't( )5.You ______ eat in class. It's against the rules.A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't( )6.______ me clean the classroom.A. Let B. Let's C. To let D. Leting( )7.—______ do you exercise —Three times a week.A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much( )8.She ______ gets up early, so she is never late for school.A. always B. sometimes C. hardly ever D. never( )9.You ______ be quiet in the library.A. can B. must C. have to D. All of the above(以上都对)( )10.—______ I use your eraser Mine is lost.—Certainly. Here you are.A. May B. Must C. Need D. Should(二)用所给词的适当形式填空1.______ (not arrive) late for class.2.Let's ______ (play) football after school.3.You can't ______ (listen) to music in class.4.She can ______ (speak) a little English.5.Tom often ______ (go) to school by bike. But today he ______ (take) the bus because it was rainy.6.______ (not be) noisy in the reading room.7.My mother asks me ______ (clean) my room every day.8.—Can he ______ (swim) —Yes, he can. He often ______ (swim) in the river in summer.(三)句型转换1.You can eat in the dining hall.(改为祈使句)______ ______ in the dining hall.2.Don't run in the classroom.(改为同义句)______ ______ in the classroom.3.He can play the piano.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)—______ he ______ the piano —No, he ______.4.They usually play basketball after school.(对 划线部分提问)______ ______ do they play basketball after school 5.Let's go to the park.(改为同义句)______ ______ go to the park 三、答案(一)单项选择1.B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. A(二)用所给词的适当形式填空1.Don't arrive 2. play 3. listen 4. speak 5. goes; took 6. Don't be 7. to clean 8. swim; swims(三)句型转换1.Eat; in 2. No running 3. Can; play; can't 4. How often 5. Shall we21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)版权所有@21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览