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2025届中考英语二轮复习高频考点突破：考点十二 阅读理解
一、答题技巧
细节理解题——细读法
分段精读，留意细节、语言结构，抓取关键事实与信息，剖析文章结构联系，助力理解。因文章是有机整体，段间及段落与主题关联紧密，明晰结构利于把握主旨。
推理判断题——推理法
基于文章具体细节与句子关系推理，它是细节理解的拓展，借此达成整体理解。
主旨大意题——概读法
从标题到各部分概读，归纳要点，概括作者意图、观点、态度，了解全文概貌，同时提升把握上下文联系与综合概括能力。
词义猜测题——猜测法
学会据上下文猜生词，提高阅读速度与能力。若遇影响理解的关键词句，可借助工具书解决困难。
二、文章体裁与特点
应用文：包括书信、广告、通知、海报等，具有明确的实用目的，格式相对固定，语言简洁明了。
记叙文：以叙述事件为主，通常包含时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果等要素。常见于故事、传记等题材，其行文逻辑多按时间顺序或事件发展顺序展开。
说明文：旨在说明事物的特征、性质、功能、原理等，语言较为客观、准确，常使用举例子、列数字、作比较等说明方法。
议论文：作者提出自己的观点，并通过论据进行论证，论据可以是事实、数据、事例等。结构上一般为 "提出问题 - 分析问题 - 解决问题" 或 "提出观点—论证观点—总结观点"。
三、考查方向
信息获取与处理能力：重点考查学生能否快速、准确地从文章中找到题目所需信息，并对信息进行筛选、整合和理解。这要求学生具备良好的阅读速度和精读能力，能够区分关键信息和干扰信息。
逻辑推理与判断能力：通过推理判断题等题型，考查学生能否依据文章已知信息进行合理的逻辑推导，理解文章的深层含义和隐含信息，培养学生的批判性思维。
概括归纳能力：主旨大意题考查学生对文章整体内容的提炼和概括能力，要求学生能够梳理文章结构，把握各部分之间的逻辑关系，从而总结出文章的核心要点。
语言理解与运用能力：词义猜测题和观点态度题考查学生对词汇含义的灵活理解以及对语言所表达情感态度的感知。学生需要结合语境，运用已有的语言知识来解读词汇和作者意图，体现了对语言综合运用能力的考查。
文化意识与跨学科知识：阅读理解文章题材广泛，可能涉及不同国家的文化习俗、历史地理、科普知识等。这就要求学生具备一定的文化意识，了解不同文化背景，同时拓宽知识面，能够将跨学科知识运用到阅读理解中，提升对文章的理解深度。
习题：
（一）
The history of foods is never simple. Think of ice cream. Many people see it as a Western dessert. However, this sweet treat actually came from China! In the Zhou Dynasty, Chinese people began to store winter ice to enjoy in summer. In the Song Dynasty, people started to make binglao—it just means "ice cream" in English. It was a lot like modern ice cream. Folk tales have it that Emperor Huizong suffered from stomach pains after eating too much ice. In the Yuan Dynasty, Marco Polo tasted binglao and carried the idea all the way back to Europe. People there added heavy cream and new tastes. The rest is history!
Sometimes, totally different cultures have similar dishes. Iranians love a kind of flat bread, sangak. People in Shanxi, China, love stone pancakes. These two look almost the same! People often compare roujiamo to hamburgers, a symbol of American food. Many people call it the "Chinese hamburger". But in fact, the arepas of Venezuela （委内瑞拉） look more like the twin brother of roujiamo!
Food is a bridge between cultures. When foods cross borders （国界）， sweet things can happen.
1. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE
A. Food means a bridge to different cultures.
B. Marco Polo brought binglao back to Europe.
C. In the Zhou Dynasty, Chinese people began to make binglao.
D. There're four kinds of food mentioned in the second paragraph.
2. What does "this sweet treat" in Paragraph 1 refer to
A. The history of foods. B. Ice cream. C. Winter ice. D. A new taste.
3. What's the writer trying to say in the last sentence of the passage
A. Food is a symbol of a country.
B. Food is a bridge between cultures.
C. Different cultures have similar dishes.
D. Food can become more exciting when it travels to different countries.
（二）
Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old from Beijing, has become a social media star with over 2.5 million fans because of her wonderful Chinese classical dance. Known as "Gagaling" on the Internet, she dressed up as a person like Dunhuang murals （壁画） or Tang Dynasty figurines （雕像） in her videos. Her excellent dance skills and the cultural charm （魅力） of her performances have attracted lots of viewers.
Gu began learning dance at the age of 3 and has been practicing it from then on. She first learned ballet （芭蕾） but turned to Chinese classical dance at 6 because she was attracted by the beautiful costumes of Chinese classical dance. She also explored more kinds of dances, such as modern dance and ethnic folk （民族） dance.
Chinese classical dance needs deep understanding of traditional culture. To perform better, Gu studies books about Chinese culture and visits many museums. Through Gu's years of hard work, she can perform some special poses and movements just like those in the Dunhuang murals.
As she grows older, Gu faces new challenges in dancing. She has to spend more time on basic skills and difficult training. However, she still manages to enjoy a common teenage life. While studying and training hard, she spares time to hang out with friends, go shopping, and watch movies. "I chose dance. The better I dance, the happier I am," she said.
4. What kind of dance makes Gu famous on the social media
A. Chinese classical dance. B. Ballet.
C. Modern dance. D. Ethnic folk dance.
5. How old was Gu when she began learning dance
A. 2. B. 3. C. 6. D. 12.
6. Why does Gu visit many museums
A. To explore more kinds of dances. B. To learn basic skills.
C. To relax herself. D. To perform better.
7. Which word can best describe Gu according to the text
A. Outgoing. B. Honest. C. Warm-hearted. D. Hard-working.
（三）
Holidays
The Snowdonia Center The Snowdonia Center for young mountain climbers has a mountain climbing lesson. The beginners' costs are ￡57 for a week, including food and rooms. Equipment is included except walking shoes, which can be hired (租用) at a low cost. You must be in good health.
The Canary Islands It's a good idea to go to the Canary Islands to enjoy the winter sunshine. An interesting activity of visitors to the Canary Islands is surfing. You can also see lots of wild animals, or enjoy swimming with the sea lions.
The Alpha Resort Tomamu The ice hotel is in Japan. Its dining room, bedroom and bathroom are made out of ice. It provides dinner served on an ice plate. You can take your ice glass to the ice bar or the ice café. The hotel experience costs $242 per person.
8. At the Snowdonia Centre, the beginners' costs include ________.
A. enjoying the winter sunshine B. walking shoes
C. food and rooms D. food and walking shoes
9. What can't you enjoy on the Canary Islands
A. Swimming with the sea lions. B. Surfing.
C. Watching wild animals. D. Having a sports lesson.
10. The Alpha Resort Tomamu is ________.
A. a cinema B. an ice hotel C. a museum D. an ice cream shop
11. Tony wants to visit the Alpha Resort Tomamu with his friend Tom. How much will they need to pay
A. ￡57. B. $242. C. $57. D. $484.
（四）
A force is anything that pushes or pulls on an object. You feel forces all the time. When you walk, your feet push on the ground to move you forward. When you hold a pencil, your fingers push against the pencil to keep it in place. Even when you're lying down, you're still feeling the force of gravity. Gravity is the force that pulls you down to Earth.
Don't Stub Your Toe
Forces and motion (运动) are related through changes in speed. These changes in speed are called acceleration (加速度). Even something slowing down is called acceleration. Acceleration can be in any direction. It can come up, down, left, right, forward, backward, or in any combination (组合) of those directions.
When you stub your toe on a wall, you feel pain. Your stubbed toe hurts because it comes to a sudden stop against the wall. When something changes speed, the force on the object changes, too. That acceleration happens because the wall pushes on your toe. That push—or that force—hurts!
But forces aren't always painful. Sometimes, forces can be a lot of fun.
Acceleration and forces that happen in unusual directions are what make amusement park (游乐园) rides so fun. That's why we think it's worth standing in long lines to feel the different ways that rides push and pull on our bodies.
Our bodies are used to moving in certain ways. We don't think of riding in a car as scary because we're used to the acceleration. But rides in amusement parks are designed to change speeds in directions that we don't usually experience.
Whether they are fast or slow, forces are all around us. They put our lives in motion!
12. Which picture best describes the underlined word "gravity"
A. B. C. D.
13. How does the writer explain that forces can be painful
A. By telling a story. B. By listing numbers.
C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example.
14. What is the purpose of Paragraph 4
A. To connect ideas in the text. B. To draw the readers' interest.
C. To share the writer's experience. D. To provide background information.
15. Where do you usually feel more forces in unusual directions
A. In the taxi. B. In the subway.
C. In the amusement park. D. In the high-speed train.
16. What's the main idea of the text
A. The history of forces. B. Forces in our daily lives.
C. Places to find forces. D. The directions of forces.
（五）
In a small village, a boy named Mark lived with his father, a wise old man. Mark learned to play the guitar assiduously. But, one day, he told his father sadly that he had made little progress. No matter how much effort he put into it, he couldn't improve. Mark asked his father for some help.
"Follow me. I will lead you to the high hills around the village tomorrow," said his father. Though confused (困惑) , he said yes. The next day, they set out. The road was long and difficult. However, Mark still followed his father. As they got higher, the father said that he wanted to go to the top of the highest hill which he had never been to. Mark was surprised but decided to help his father.
With great difficulty, Mark helped his father climb the hill. Sometimes he even carried his father on his back. At the top, he put his father on the ground and laughed with great joy.
"When you were a little boy, sometimes you came back home with tears (泪水) in your eyes," said his father. "The elder children laughed at you. Do you remember why "
Mark nodded. He remembered that as a child, he and all his friends called this hill Mount Impossible, because small children couldn't reach its top.
"And today," said his father, "you not only climbed here, but also helped me to get here." "I became bigger and stronger than before," said Mark.
"Instead of climbing Mount Impossible every day, you played on the smaller hills and became better at climbing," said his father. "It became possible for you to climb Mount Impossible while you weren't even thinking about it."
Mark finally understood the meaning of their trip and made up his mind to keep practicing the guitar with determination.
17. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Properly. B. Secretly. C. Quietly. D. Hard.
18. How did Mark feel about his father asking him to climb the hills at first
A. He couldn't understand it.
B. He thought it was a waste of time.
C. He felt it was his father's test for him.
D. He thought it was a chance to have fun.
19. Why was Mark laughed at by the elder kids when he was little
A. He was too short then.
B. He showed no respect for others.
C. He had no talent for music at all.
D. He couldn't reach the top of Mount Impossible.
20. Which shows the right order according to the story
a. Mark couldn't make progress.
b. Mark laughed with excitement.
c. Mark turned to his father for help.
d. Mark helped his father climb the hill.
e. Mark decided to keep practicing the guitar.
A. a-e-d-b-c B. a-c-d-b-e C. e-a-b-d-c D. b-e-a-c-d
21. What can we learn from the story
A. Work must come first. B. Step by step, one goes far.
C. It's better late than never. D. What goes around comes around.
（六）
Two tickets. Only two tickets to the big basketball game. Three pairs of eyes all focused on the tickets in Dad's hand. Marcus asked, "Only two tickets But, Dad, which of us gets to go with you " "Yeah, Daddy, who gets to go " repeated Caleb. "Dad, can't you get any more tickets " I asked. "I'm afraid not," Dad answered. "Mr. Williams offered the two tickets to me when he found out he'd be out of town this weekend," Dad smiled and added, "I'll have to figure out a fair way of choosing between the three of you by tomorrow morning. I'll have to decide who deserves (应得) it most."
The next morning, Marcus hurried into the kitchen. "Where's Dad " he asked. "He and Mom went to the library," Caleb answered. "And he said we should all get started on housework as soon as we finish breakfast," I added. "Housework! He must be kidding," Marcus said.
"I'm going for the preview (预告) of tonight's game on the newspaper," Marcus announced. "Wait for me!" Caleb rushed after his brother. I looked at the breakfast table in a mess. Well, I thought to myself, "It looks like Saturday morning housework starts right here."
A few minutes later, as I was doing the housework, I heard the basketball bouncing (弹跳) off the driveway. I knocked on the window three times. The boys looked towards me. "Okay, we're coming in to help. Just one more minute."
I carried the rubbish bag out to the dustbin outside the back door. "You guys, Mom and dad will be back any minute," I reminded them. I began to open the lid on the dustbin. Then a white envelope (信封) caught my attention. I noticed that someone had written the word "Congratulations!" on the front of the envelope and inside of it was the ticket!
That evening, a dad and his daughter cheered their team to victory. It was a long-remembered lesson about duty from a dad who let his kids make their own choices.
22. Who offered Dad the tickets
__________________________________________________
23. When would the basketball game take place
__________________________________________________
24. What were brothers doing when I was doing the housework
__________________________________________________
25. Where did I find the ticket
__________________________________________________
26. Do you think Dad's idea is a fair way Why or why not
__________________________________________________
答案以及解析
1.答案：A
解析：根据文章内容，选项A对应最后一段首句"Food is a bridge between cultures."，与题干中"Food means a bridge to different cultures"表述一致，故正确。选项B中"Marco Polo brought binglao back to Europe"与原文"carried the idea"不符，带回的是制作方法而非实物，故错误。选项C混淆了周朝存冰与宋朝制冰酪的时间，错误。选项D中第二段提到5种食物（sangak、stone pancakes、roujiamo、hamburgers、arepas），故错误。
2.答案：B
解析："this sweet treat"指代前文提到的"ice cream"，因首段明确说明冰激凌实际源自中国，故正确答案为B。
3.答案：D
解析：最后一句"When foods cross borders, sweet things can happen"强调食物跨越国界后产生的积极变化，选项D"食物传播到不同国家时会变得更令人兴奋"最贴合此意。选项B虽为段落首句，但问题针对末句，故排除。
4.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段"Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old from Beijing, has become a social media star with over 2.5 million fans because of her wonderful Chinese classical dance."可知，她因中国古典舞蹈而走红。故选A。
5.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Gu began learning dance at the age of 3 and has been practicing it from then on."可知，她3岁开始学习舞蹈。故选B。
6.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段"To perform better, Gu studies books about Chinese culture and
visits many museums."可知，她参观博物馆是为了更好地表演。故选D。
7.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段"Through Gu's years of hard work, she can perform some special poses and movements just like those in the Dun huang murals."可推知她是一个努力的人。故选D。
8.答案：C
解析：细节理解题.由表格一中The beginners' costs are 57 for a week, including food and rooms.可知，在Snowdonia中心，初学者的费用包括了食物和住宿.故选C.
9.答案：D
解析：细节理解题.由表格二中An interesting activity of visitors to the Canary Islands is surfing. You can also see lots of wild animals, or enjoy swimming with the sea lions.可知，Canary群岛的一项有趣的活动是冲浪。你还可以看到许多野生动物，或者和海狮一起游泳.由此可知，在Canary Islands,并没有提到体育课.故选D.
10.答案：B
解析：细节理解题.由表格三中The ice hotel is in Japan可知，Alpha Resort Tomamu是日本的一家冰旅馆.故选B.
11.答案：D
解析：数字计算题.由表格三中The hotel experience costs $ 242 per person.可知，Alpha Resort Tomamu的价格是42美元每人;由此可知，Tony和朋友去那里需支付:242+242=484美元.故选D.
12.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据"Gravity is the force that pulls you down to Earth."可知，gravity意为"重力"。结合物理学科受力分析可知，A选项对应的是重力。故选A。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据"When you stub your toe on a wall, you feel pain. Your stubbed toe hurts because it comes to a sudden stop against the wall."可知，作者用脚趾碰墙的例子来说明力可能让人感到疼痛。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据"But forces aren't always painful. Sometimes, forces can be a lot of fun."及通读全文可知，第四段的第一句是对上文的总结;第四段的第二句是对下文的承接。因此第四段起到承上启下的作用。选项A"把文中的观点联系起来。"符合要求，故选A。
15.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据"Acceleration and forces that happen in unusual directions are what make amusement park (游乐园) rides so fun."可知，你可以在游乐园感受不寻常方向的力和加速度。故选C。
16.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文后可知，本文介绍了力在我们日常生活中的重要作用。B选项"我们日常生活中的力。"符合本文主旨。故选B。
17.答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段中的"Mark learned to play the guitar assiduously"以及"But, one day, he told his father sadly that he had made little progress."可知，Mark学习吉他非常努力但是发现自己进步不明显。因此，划线词"assiduously"的意思是"努力地"。故选D。
18.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Though confused, he said yes"可知，Mark一开始对父亲的要求感到困惑。故选A。
19.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的"He remembered that as a child, he and all his friends called this hill Mount Impossible, because small children couldn't reach its top"可知，Mark小时候因为无法爬到"Mount Impossible"山顶而被大孩子们嘲笑。故选D。
20.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据故事内容"Mark learned to play the guitar assiduously. But, one day, he told his father sadly that he had made little progress...However, Mark still followed his father. As they got higher, the father said that he wanted to go to the top of the highest hill which he had never been to. Mark was surprised but decided to help his father...At the top, he put his father on the ground and laughed with great joy...Mark finally understood the meaning of their trip and made up his mind to keep practicing the guitar with determination."可知正确的顺序是:Mark无法进步(a)，向父亲求助(c)，帮助父亲爬山(d)，兴奋地笑(b)，决定继续练习吉他(e)。故选B。
21.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据故事最后父亲的话"Instead of climbing Mount Impossible every day, you played on the smaller hills and became better at climbing"可知，故事告诉我们，循序渐进才能走得更远。故选B。
22.答案： Mr. Williams.
解析：根据"Mr. Williams offered the two tickets to me when he found out he'd be out of town this weekend"可知是Mr. Williams给父亲的票，故填Mr. Williams.
23.答案： The basketball game would take place this weekend/this Saturday/on Saturday evening.
解析： 根据"Mr. Williams offered the two tickets to me when he found out he'd be out of town this weekend"、 "I'm going for the preview (预告) of tonight's game on the newspaper,"、"It looks like Saturday morning housework starts right here."以及"That evening, a dad and his daughter cheered their team to victory."可知推测出篮球比赛是这周六晚上。故填The basketball game would take place this weekend/this Saturday/on Saturday evening.
24.答案： They were playing basketball.
解析：根据"A few minutes later, as I was doing the housework, I heard the basketball bouncing (弹跳) off the driveway."可知听到篮球在车道上弹跳，因此可推测出他们在打篮球。故填They were playing basketball.
25.答案： Inside/In the (white) envelope./In the dustbin.
解析：根据"I carried the rubbish bag out to the dustbin outside the back door...I began to open the lid on the dustbin. Then a white envelope (信封) caught my attention...on the front of the envelope and inside of it was the ticket!"可知我打开垃圾桶的盖子看到了一个白色信封，信封里是一张票。故填Inside/In the (white) envelope./In the dustbin.
26.答案： 答案不唯一，合理即可。Yes. Because he let his kids make their own choices./No. Because he should give them more chances.
解析：答案不唯一，合理即可。故填Yes. Because he let his kids make their own choices./No. Because he should give them more chances.

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