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长难句的组装与拆解导学案
●Teaching Aims:
1.Understand the structure of complex sentences and learn to expand simple sentences into complex ones. 了解从难句的构成,学会把简单句扩写成长难句.
2.Learn to dismantle complex sentences to help understand the text and facilitate doing the exercises. 学会长难句的拆解,帮助理解语篇,从而帮助做题.
●How to expand a simple sentence in writing (short sentence → long sentence)
写作中如何扩写简单句 (短句→长句)
◆Method 1(方法1): 加修饰语(定语/状语/同位语/插入语)
两短:形容词(定语或状语)+ 副词(状语)
两长:定从(形容词性从句→定语)+状从(副词性从句→状语)
四结构:介词短语(定语或状语)+ 非谓语(定语或状语)+ 同位语(独立成分)+ 插入语(独立成分)
◆Method 2(方法2):加并列结构
(1)两个单词的并列：并列名词+并列动词+并列形容词+并列副词
(2)两个简单句的并列
◆Analysis of Classic Cases(经典案列分析):
1.I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。
(1) I am an __________________teacher. 我是一名有经验的教师。(形容词作定语)
experienced
(2) I am a ______________ experienced teacher. 我是一名经验非常丰富的老师.
(副词作状语,表程度) highly
(3) I am a highly experienced teacher __________________________________.
我是一名经验非常丰富的教英语的教师。 (定从或非谓语作后置定语)
who teaches English/teaching English.
(4) I am a highly experienced teacher who teaches English/teaching English_________
_______________________________. in xx No. 1 Middle School
我是一名经验非常丰富的在xx 第一中学教英语的教师。(介词短语作后置定语)
2.He works hard. 他工作很努力。
(1) He works hard___________________. 他为公司努力工作.(介词短语作状语,表目的)
for a company.
(2) He works hard for a company__________________________________.
他为一个在2000年成立的公司努力工作。 (定语从句作后置定语)
which was founded in 2000
(3) ____________________, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 .
和他的儿子住在一起,他为一个在2000年成立的公司努力工作. (非谓语作状语)
Living with his son
(4) Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 ____
_______________________________________________________________.
和他的儿子住在一起,他为一个在2000年成立的公司努力工作,他的大部分同事都尊敬他。 (添加并列的简单句)
and most of his workmates show respect for him.
◆Summary: composition of long and complex Sentences 长句的组成
三部分组成:
1. __________________________ (1) I am a teacher. (2) He works hard.
主干部分(trunk)
2.______________________________ (下列两句中的划线部分)
修饰成分(modifiers):
(1)两短:___________________________ (形容词+ 副词)
(2)两长:_______________________________ 定从(形容词性从句)+状从(副词性从句)
(3) 四结构:______________________________________
(介词短语+ 非谓语+ 同位语+ 插入语)
◆I am a highly experienced teacher who teaches English/teaching English in XX No. 1 Middle School。
◆ Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 and most of his workmates show respect for him.
3.________________________________________ (下面句子中的and后部分)
常用并列结构(parallel structures)
___________________________________________________________
两个单词的并列：并列名词+并列动词+并列形容词+并列副词
__________________________________________
两个简单句的并列
Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 and most of his workmates show respect for him.
◆Summary: How to expand a simple sentence 如何扩写简单句？
Strategy(策略): 1.加修饰成分 2.加并列结构
Commonly used specific methods (常用的具体方法):
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
名词前添加形容词,名词后添加非谓语/介词短语/定从；形容词前添加副词;动词前或后添加副词;句首添加形容词/副词/非谓语/从句；主谓之间添加非谓语/定从/同位语。
●Practical Exercise(实战演练):
1.Jack teaches English.
_________________________________________, Jack，_____________________
_________________________, teaches English in XX No. 1 Middle School.
Jack是一位经验丰富的教师,他充满热情,富有创新精神,在XX一中教英语。
With a passionate and innovative approach; as a highly experienced teacher
_____________________, Jack teaches English in XX No. 1 Middle School,
_______________________________with students.
Jack教学经验丰富,在XX第一中学教授英语,与学生们分享他的知识。
Profoundly experienced; sharing his knowledge
____________________________________, Jack has chosen to teach English ____
______________________________________in XX No. 1 Middle School.
由于对教育的深深执着,Jack选择成为一名经验丰富的英语教师,在XX第一中学任教。
Because of his deep commitment to education; as a highly experienced teacher
2.A professor will be invited to give a lecture.
理论上可以进行如下扩充：
_______________________ (情感的内容扩充), a professor ______________________
(工作单位细节的扩充), ___________________________________________________
(取得的成就细节扩充) , will be invited to give us a lecture ______________________
(讲座具体内容的细节扩充) , _______________________________________________
_________________an ability to gain a better understanding of future employment (对讲座对我们的作用的细节进一步扩充).
出乎我们意料的是,北京大学的一位教授，在各种领域都获得了大量的奖项，他将被邀请给我们做一次职业规划的讲座，这无疑将使我们有能力更好地了解未来的就业情况。
To our surprise; from Peking University; having achieved an ocean of prizes in kinds of fields; on career planning; through which undoubtedly we will be equipped with
当然,这只是理论上是可以进行这样的扩充,其实实际情况下我们写作文并不需要写这么多，因为太过于啰嗦,不过对于那些总觉得自己作文写不出来的同学们来说，从这句扩充讲解中找到自己未来积累的努力方向,去把自己的文章打磨升级，其实也是一个不错的机会。
●How to understand long and complex sentences in reading (long sentences →short ones) 阅读中如何读懂长难句(长句变短句)
◆What makes a long and complex sentence difficult 长难句到底难在哪里
(1)中心词加了较多修饰语,后置的定语给理解带来较大困难。
(2)简单句加了较多修饰语,尤其是非谓语动词,含义丰富,形式灵活。
(3)含有三大从句的复合句。(名从,定从,状从)
(4)并列成分、对等结构的存在。
(5)同位语、插入语的运用。
(6)特殊句式的使用:倒装、强调句型和省略
◆The core method to understand long and difficult sentences:
读懂长难句的核心方法:
________________________________________________________________________
留主干,去枝叶(修饰语),译中文,调语序,拼回来
◆First encounter with a long and complex sentence.长难句初体验
Mr Bao, a nice gentleman (同位语) of medium height (介词短语) with short black hair (介词短语), is our geography teacher, who is strict with us and devoted to his work (定语从句) , thus deeply loved and admired by his students (非谓语) .
总结:___________________________________________________________________
在英语中, 当修饰成分变长后, 它就得放到被修饰词后面-----孔雀型尾重句
◆How can we find out the modifiers 如何找出修饰语？
1.如何拆解含有复杂成分的简单句
Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.
主语_________________,谓语________________________
翻译:最近一些世界著名的音乐家聚集在巴黎和新奥尔良来庆祝第一个国际爵士日
主语musicians 谓语gathered
翻译:最近一些世界著名的音乐家聚集在巴黎和新奥尔良来庆祝第一个国际爵士日
2.如何拆解含有多个从句的复合句
If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not.
主干 _________________________, 句中if引导_____________从句，a history that does not privilege one part of humanity为 __________语,对句子进行补充说明的作用, a history后的that引导__________从句，主句后面because引导的状语从句中包含了while引导的 ___________从句。
翻译:如果你想要讲述整个世界的历史,一个没有给予人类某一部分特权的历史,你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为只有一些世界曾经有过文本，而大多数世界，在大多数时间里，没有。
策略:找出句子主干, 化解主从复合句
主干 you cannot do it...,句中if引导 状语 从句，a history that does not privilege one part of humanity为 插入语,对句子进行补充说明的作用,a history后的that引导定语 从句，主句后面because引导的状语从句中包含了while引导的 状语从句。
翻译:如果你想要讲述整个世界的历史,一个没有给予人类某一部分特权的历史,你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为只有一些世界曾经有过文本，而大多数世界，在大多数时间里，没有。
策略:找出句子主干, 化解主从复合句
3.如何拆解分隔句
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.
主干；_______________________________________________________________
句中which引导_______________________从句, 这个定语从句中还包含一个由and连接的并列句, 破折号后的内容充当_______________语, 起解析说明的作用。
翻译:灰熊可能会长到2.5米长, 体重超过400公斤，它们占据了美国人心灵的一个矛
盾角落----我们敬畏它们, 即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦境。
策略:将破折号, 前后逗号的插入语找出,理清主干.
主干: Grizzly bears occupy a conflicted corner
句中which引导非限定性定语从句，这个定语从句中还包含一个由and连接的并列句,破折号后的内容充当插入语,起解析说明的作用。
策略:将破折号, 前后逗号的插入语找出,理清主干.
4.如何拆解省略句
Having visited several times over the last 10 years, l was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing.
主干: ___________________ Having visited非谓语动词担当__________, and连接的并列句后how引导_______________从句, 后面的while引导___________从句, while连接的非谓语的逻辑主语为______________。
主干: l was amazed ... Having visited非谓语动词担当 状语, and连接的并列句后how引导名词性从句, 后面的while引导状语从句, while连接的非谓语的逻辑主语为a city。
翻译:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京, 我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。
策略:根据需要将省略成分补出来或将简单句转换成复杂句
5.如何拆解语序改变句
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too.
主语: ________________,谓语 _____________ , not only 倒装还原后______________
__________________________________.
主语: Dr. Prinstein , 谓语 came to , not only 倒装还原后likability is not only related to ..
翻译: 在分析他和其他的研究后, Dr. Prinstein得出另一个结论: 讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活成果有关,而且也对这些成果负责。
策略:找出相关的介词,副词和连词, 将其还原为正常语序(通常倒装句会涉及语序改变)
●Practical Exercise(实战演练):
1.For example, many companies now have to invest a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the "phone rage"——caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
分析:
本句是简单句，many companies作主语，have to invest作谓语，in order to cope作目的状语，caused作后置定语，delays和being cut off作介词by的宾语。
翻译:
例如,许多公司现在不得不在信息技术和职员培训上投资很多钱以便处理“电话怒症”----造成原因是:未及时接电话、谈话中线路中断或让其等候太久。
2.But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
分析:
本句是复合句，主句是 the donator has made a northern German city believe in fairytales. who 引导限制性定语从句，修饰the donator，动名词sending 作start的宾语，过去分词短语accompanied by作伴随状语。cause 在这里表示“事业”。
翻译:
但是,捐赠者开始给值得关注的事业发送装有现金的信封,当地报纸随之发表一篇文章,这一切使一个德国北部城市相信童话。
3. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
分析:
The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients,while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
to accurately understand how others are feeling是不定式短语作后置定语;by a doctor介词短语作状语;to find how best to help her patients是不定式作目的状语;to control potential victim也是不定式作目的状语。
翻译:
医生或许可以利用准确理解其他人感受的能力来发现如何最好地帮助患者,而骗子则可以利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者。
4. Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines, the toothpaste marketer，for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
分析:
Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines(时间状语)，the toothpaste marketer，for instance(插入语) , must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used(后置定语).
主干:the toothpaste marketer must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines 主谓宾结构(三个并列宾语)
翻译:
例如,牙膏营销者在选择了家庭电视节目和女性杂志之后,还必须选择确切的电视节目和电视台以及特定的女性杂志。
●Long and difficult sentences in grammatical filling 语法填空中的长难句
1.The woman sitting at the desk, ________(see) my madness , sympathetically jumped
up. (2016全国Ⅱ卷) seeing
那个坐在桌子旁的女人看到我的疯狂举动,便同情地跳了起来。
2.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, ________(imagine) a world that is far busier, noisier and more intimate亲密的 than the one we can see and hear. .(2017年全国二卷）
查尔斯·达尔文在150多年前设想了一个比我们所能看到和听到的世界更加繁忙、喧闹和亲密的世界。
imagined
3.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter __________(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. (2016全国Ⅰ卷语法填空)
但我与熊猫的渊源可追溯到上世纪 80 年代中期，当时我成为首位获准拍摄一部特别节目的西方电视记者,该节目记录了为那些因野外饥饿而获救的熊猫提供特别照料的情景。
permitted
4.Then the person leaves it in a public place, ________(hope) that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. (2016全国Ⅱ卷)
然后这个人把书留在公共场所,希望书能有一场冒险之旅,随着每位新读者的发现而环游四方。
hoping
3. However, __________ this scholar carefully protected, during wars and social changes, is Shangshu, one of the "five classics" of Confucianism(儒家). (2022摸底)
what
4.Nevertheless, it was not an easy task for Tian Qinxin, the art director of the show, ____________________(transform) an ancient classic into a one-hour stage show that connects with the people of today, especially those who _______________ (grow)up in the 1990s and 2000s, when Chinese people's lives are much 68. better(good)and our national strength is rising.
to transform; grew
5. " China's approach to protecting its environment while ___________(feed)its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." Says the bank's Juergen Voegele. feeding
6. She stood there as if _____________(wait)for someone. 【2018·全国卷II】 waiting
7. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68 ___________(start) a soil-testing program 69________________gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 【2018·全国卷II】
started; which/that
8. China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe (探测器)--the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess--- ________________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole--Aitken basin.
touched
9.On the last day of our week-long we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ____________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. (2019年全国1卷)
listening
10.To eat one, you have to decide whether _______________(bite) a small hole in it first,
releasing the stream and risking a spill (滥出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue ... (2023新高考I卷)
to bite; or
11. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _____________(build)system of ring roads .. (2023全国乙卷)
built
12.Because the moon's body blocks direct communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite orbit above the moon in a spot 63___________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 【2020·全国卷I】
where
13. What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure
_________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs. (2021年全国新高考1卷)
was; and
14. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ____________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings," her fable begins, ___________(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. (2023全国甲卷)
where; borrowing长难句的组装与拆解导学案
●Teaching Aims:
1.Understand the structure of complex sentences and learn to expand simple sentences into complex ones. 了解从难句的构成,学会把简单句扩写成长难句.
2.Learn to dismantle complex sentences to help understand the text and facilitate doing the exercises. 学会长难句的拆解,帮助理解语篇,从而帮助做题.
●How to expand a simple sentence in writing (short sentence → long sentence)
写作中如何扩写简单句 (短句→长句)
◆Method 1(方法1): 加修饰语(定语/状语/同位语/插入语)
两短:形容词(定语或状语)+ 副词(状语)
两长:定从(形容词性从句→定语)+状从(副词性从句→状语)
四结构:介词短语(定语或状语)+ 非谓语(定语或状语)+ 同位语(独立成分)+ 插入语(独立成分)
◆Method 2(方法2):加并列结构
(1)两个单词的并列：并列名词+并列动词+并列形容词+并列副词
(2)两个简单句的并列
◆Analysis of Classic Cases(经典案列分析):
1.I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。
(1) I am an __________________teacher. 我是一名有经验的教师。(形容词作定语)
(2) I am a ______________ experienced teacher. 我是一名经验非常丰富的老师.
(副词作状语,表程度)
(3) I am a highly experienced teacher __________________________________.
我是一名经验非常丰富的教英语的教师。 (定从或非谓语作后置定语)
(4) I am a highly experienced teacher who teaches English/teaching English_________
_______________________________.
我是一名经验非常丰富的在xx 第一中学教英语的教师。(介词短语作后置定语)
2.He works hard. 他工作很努力。
(1) He works hard___________________. 他为公司努力工作.(介词短语作状语,表目的)
(2) He works hard for a company__________________________________.
他为一个在2000年成立的公司努力工作。 (定语从句作后置定语)
(3) ____________________, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 .
和他的儿子住在一起,他为一个在2000年成立的公司努力工作. (非谓语作状语)
(4) Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 ____
_______________________________________________________________.
和他的儿子住在一起,他为一个在2000年成立的公司努力工作,他的大部分同事都尊敬他。 (添加并列的简单句)
◆Summary: composition of long and complex Sentences 长句的组成
三部分组成:
1. __________________________ (1) I am a teacher. (2) He works hard.
2.______________________________ (下列两句中的划线部分)
(1)两短:___________________________
(2)两长:_______________________________
(3) 四结构:______________________________________
◆I am a highly experienced teacher who teaches English/teaching English in XX No. 1 Middle School。
◆ Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 and most of his workmates show respect for him.
3.________________________________________ (下面句子中的and后部分)
___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________
Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2000 and most of his workmates show respect for him.
◆Summary: How to expand a simple sentence 如何扩写简单句？
Strategy(策略): 1.加修饰成分 2.加并列结构
Commonly used specific methods (常用的具体方法):
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
名词前添加形容词,名词后添加非谓语/介词短语/定从；形容词前添加副词;动词前或后添加副词;句首添加形容词/副词/非谓语/从句；主谓之间添加非谓语/定从/同位语。
●Practical Exercise(实战演练):
1.Jack teaches English.
_________________________________________, Jack，_____________________
_________________________, teaches English in XX No. 1 Middle School.
Jack是一位经验丰富的教师,他充满热情,富有创新精神,在XX一中教英语。
_____________________, Jack teaches English in XX No. 1 Middle School,
_______________________________with students.
Jack教学经验丰富,在XX第一中学教授英语,与学生们分享他的知识。
____________________________________, Jack has chosen to teach English ____
______________________________________in XX No. 1 Middle School.
由于对教育的深深执着,Jack选择成为一名经验丰富的英语教师,在XX第一中学任教。
2.A professor will be invited to give a lecture.
理论上可以进行如下扩充：
_______________________ (情感的内容扩充), a professor ______________________
(工作单位细节的扩充), ___________________________________________________
(取得的成就细节扩充) , will be invited to give us a lecture ______________________
(讲座具体内容的细节扩充) , _______________________________________________
_________________an ability to gain a better understanding of future employment (对讲座对我们的作用的细节进一步扩充).
出乎我们意料的是,北京大学的一位教授，在各种领域都获得了大量的奖项，他将被邀请给我们做一次职业规划的讲座，这无疑将使我们有能力更好地了解未来的就业情况。
当然,这只是理论上是可以进行这样的扩充,其实实际情况下我们写作文并不需要写这么多，因为太过于啰嗦,不过对于那些总觉得自己作文写不出来的同学们来说，从这句扩充讲解中找到自己未来积累的努力方向,去把自己的文章打磨升级，其实也是一个不错的机会。
●How to understand long and complex sentences in reading (long sentences →short ones) 阅读中如何读懂长难句(长句变短句)
◆What makes a long and complex sentence difficult 长难句到底难在哪里
(1)中心词加了较多修饰语,后置的定语给理解带来较大困难。
(2)简单句加了较多修饰语,尤其是非谓语动词,含义丰富,形式灵活。
(3)含有三大从句的复合句。(名从,定从,状从)
(4)并列成分、对等结构的存在。
(5)同位语、插入语的运用。
(6)特殊句式的使用:倒装、强调句型和省略
◆The core method to understand long and difficult sentences:
读懂长难句的核心方法:
________________________________________________________________________
◆First encounter with a long and complex sentence.长难句初体验
Mr Bao, a nice gentleman (同位语) of medium height (介词短语) with short black hair (介词短语), is our geography teacher, who is strict with us and devoted to his work (定语从句) , thus deeply loved and admired by his students (非谓语) .
总结:___________________________________________________________________
◆How can we find out the modifiers 如何找出修饰语？
1.如何拆解含有复杂成分的简单句
Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.
主语_________________,谓语________________________
翻译:最近一些世界著名的音乐家聚集在巴黎和新奥尔良来庆祝第一个国际爵士日
2.如何拆解含有多个从句的复合句
If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not.
主干 _________________________, 句中if引导_____________从句，a history that does not privilege one part of humanity为 __________语,对句子进行补充说明的作用, a history后的that引导__________从句，主句后面because引导的状语从句中包含了while引导的 ___________从句。
翻译:如果你想要讲述整个世界的历史,一个没有给予人类某一部分特权的历史,你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为只有一些世界曾经有过文本，而大多数世界，在大多数时间里，没有。
策略:找出句子主干, 化解主从复合句
3.如何拆解分隔句
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.
主干；_______________________________________________________________
句中which引导_______________________从句, 这个定语从句中还包含一个由and连接的并列句, 破折号后的内容充当_______________语, 起解析说明的作用。
翻译:灰熊可能会长到2.5米长, 体重超过400公斤，它们占据了美国人心灵的一个矛
盾角落----我们敬畏它们, 即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦境。
策略:将破折号, 前后逗号的插入语找出,理清主干.
4.如何拆解省略句
Having visited several times over the last 10 years, l was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing.
主干: ___________________ Having visited非谓语动词担当__________, and连接的并列句后how引导_______________从句, 后面的while引导___________从句, while连接的非谓语的逻辑主语为______________。
翻译:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京, 我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。
策略:根据需要将省略成分补出来或将简单句转换成复杂句
5.如何拆解语序改变句
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too.
主语: ________________,谓语 _____________ , not only 倒装还原后______________
__________________________________.
翻译: 在分析他和其他的研究后, Dr. Prinstein得出另一个结论: 讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活成果有关,而且也对这些成果负责。
策略:找出相关的介词,副词和连词, 将其还原为正常语序(通常倒装句会涉及语序改
变)
●Practical Exercise(实战演练):
1.For example, many companies now have to invest a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the "phone rage"——caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
2.But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
3. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
4. Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines, the toothpaste marketer，for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.
试分析:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
试翻译:_________________________________________________________________
●Long and difficult sentences in grammatical filling 语法填空中的长难句
1.The woman sitting at the desk, ________(see) my madness , sympathetically jumped
up. (2016全国Ⅱ卷)
那个坐在桌子旁的女人看到我的疯狂举动,便同情地跳了起来。
2.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, ________(imagine) a world that is far busier,
noisier and more intimate亲密的 than the one we can see and hear. .(2017年全国二卷）
查尔斯·达尔文在150多年前设想了一个比我们所能看到和听到的世界更加繁忙、喧闹和亲密的世界。
3.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter __________(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. (2016全国Ⅰ卷语法填空)
但我与熊猫的渊源可追溯到上世纪 80 年代中期，当时我成为首位获准拍摄一部特别节目的西方电视记者,该节目记录了为那些因野外饥饿而获救的熊猫提供特别照料的情景。
4.Then the person leaves it in a public place, ________(hope) that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. (2016全国Ⅱ卷)
然后这个人把书留在公共场所,希望书能有一场冒险之旅,随着每位新读者的发现而环游四方。
3. However, __________ this scholar carefully protected, during wars and social changes, is Shangshu, one of the "five classics" of Confucianism(儒家). (2022摸底)
4.Nevertheless, it was not an easy task for Tian Qinxin, the art director of the show, ____________________(transform) an ancient classic into a one-hour stage show that connects with the people of today, especially those who _______________ (grow)up in the 1990s and 2000s, when Chinese people's lives are much 68. better(good)and our national strength is rising.
5. "China's approach to protecting its environment while ___________(feed)its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." Says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
6. She stood there as if _____________(wait)for someone. 【2018·全国卷II】
7. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68 ___________(start) a soil-testing program 69________________gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 【2018·全国卷II】
8. China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe (探测器)--the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon
goddess--- ________________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole--Aitken basin.
9.On the last day of our week-long we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ____________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. (2019年全国1卷)
10.To eat one, you have to decide whether _______________(bite) a small hole in it first,
releasing the stream and risking a spill (滥出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue ... (2023新高考I卷)
11. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _____________(build)system of ring roads .. (2023全国乙卷)
12.Because the moon's body blocks direct communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite orbit above the moon in a spot 63___________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 【2020·全国卷I】
13. What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure
_________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs. (2021年全国新高考1卷)
14. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ____________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings," her fable begins, ___________(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. (2023全国甲卷)

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