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小升初语法专项——现在进行时讲义+练习
一、定义
现在进行时用于描述当前时刻正在进行的动作或暂时存在的状态。它特别强调动作的“正在进行”这一特性，而不是一般性的行为描述。它强调动作的即时性和当前性，可以用来表达说话时正在发生的事情、当前一段时间内的活动、计划中的未来事件以及反复发生的令人烦恼的行为。
·描述此刻正在发生的动作：
示例： Look! The dog is chasing a cat. （看！那条狗正在追一只猫。）
She is cooking dinner right now. （她现在正在做晚饭。）
Look! The children are playing in the park. （看！孩子们正在公园里玩耍。）
·表示当前时间段内的临时状态：
示例： These days, I am working part-time at a local café.
（这些天，我在当地一家咖啡馆做兼职。）
We are staying at a friend's house this week because our apartment is being renovated. （这周我们住在朋友家里，因为我们的公寓正在装修。）
These days, I am staying with my grandparents.
（这几天，我住在爷爷奶奶家。）
·表达即将发生的计划（通常与表示将来的时间状语连用）：
示例： They are flying to New York next Monday. （他们下周一将飞往纽约。）
My sister is getting married in June. （我姐姐六月将要结婚。）
We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. （我们明天出发去北京。）
·描绘不断重复且令人厌烦的行为（常带有情感色彩，如抱怨）：
示例： He is always interrupting me when I'm speaking.
（当我讲话时，他总是打断我。）
Why are you constantly changing your mind （你为什么老是改变主意？）
He is always forgetting things. （他总是忘记东西。）
Why are you always coming late （你为什么总是迟到？）
·描述背景信息：
示例： While he was walking through the park, he saw an old friend.
（当他穿过公园时，看到了一位老朋友。）
As she was reading her book, the phone rang.
（当她在读书时，电话响了。）
二、结构
现在进行时的构成是“am/is/are + 动词的现在分词（-ing形式）”。根据主语的不同，选择不同的助动词：
·第一人称单数(I)：am + 动词-ing
示例：I am writing a letter.
·第三人称单数(He/She/It)：is + 动词-ing
示例：She is reading a book.
·其他人称(You/We/They)：are + 动词-ing
示例：They are playing basketball.
【注意】
·对于疑问句，将助动词提前。
示例： I am listening to music.
Are you listening to music
Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
·对于否定句，在助动词后加not。
示例： He is watching TV.
He is not watching TV.
动词的现在分词变化规则
·一般情况：直接加-ing。
示例：walk → walking talk → talking
·以不发音e结尾的单词：去掉e再加-ing。
示例：make → making have → having
·重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写最后一个字母再加-ing。
示例：sit → sitting run → running
·特殊情况：以-ie结尾时，先将-ie变为-y再加-ing。
示例：lie → lying (躺) die → dying (死亡) tie → tying(平局)
【练习题】
一、动词原形变现在分词
make → _____ run → _____
write → _____ sit → _____
lie → _____ begin → _____
study → _____ travel → _____
stop → _____ prefer → _____
二、单项选择
( )1. Look! The children __________ football on the playground.
A. play B. played C. are playing D. were playing
( )2. She __________ her homework at this time yesterday.
A. does B. did C. is doing D. was doing
( )3. We __________ to the cinema tonight.
A. go B. went C. are going D. will go
( )4. What __________ you __________ at nine last night
A. are, doing B. do, do C. were, doing D. did, do
( )5. My sister __________ with her friends at the moment.
A. chat B. chats C. is chatting D. was chatting
( )6. They __________ TV every evening.
A. watch B. watches C. are watching D. watched
( )7. It’s six o’clock. Mr. Smith __________ home.
A. drive B. drives C. is driving D. drove
( )8. Don’t make any noise. The baby __________.
A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. slept
( )9. Listen! Someone __________ at the door.
A. knock B. knocks C. is knocking D. knocked
( )10. We __________ for a picnic tomorrow.
A. go B. went C. are going D. have gone
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
Look! The dog __________ (run) after the cat.
Look at the sky! It __________ (snow) very heavily.
They __________ (have) lunch at the restaurant now.
While they __________ (prepare) for the party, their dog started barking loudly.
The students __________ (write) their exams quietly.
四、句型转换
She is singing a song. (改为否定句)
______________________________________________
They are playing basketball. (对划线部分提问)
______________________________________________
Is he helping his brother (作肯定回答)
______________________________________________
We are not watching TV. (改为肯定句)
______________________________________________
The teacher is explaining the problem. (对划线部分提问)
______________________________________________
【答案】
一、动词原形变现在分词
make → making run → running
write → writing sit → sitting
lie → lying begin → beginning
study → studying travel → travelling/traveling
stop → stopping prefer → preferring
二、单项选择
1-5 CDCCC 6-10 ACCCC
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. is running 2. is snowing 3. are having
4. are preparing 5. are writing
四、句型转换
She isn't singing a song.
What are they doing
Yes, he is.
We are watching TV.
What is the teacher doing

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