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形容词和副词
教学目标：★★★★☆☆ 学生能够通过学习独立完成形容词和副词相关练习
问题层级图
目标层级图
一、识别形容词和副词
例：
The man is ill.
This is an interesting story.
I have something important to tell you.
1.形容词的含义：修饰_____，_____.说明事物或人的性质或特征
KEYS: 名词;代词
例：
He speaks English well.
The girl is extremely pretty.
She runs very fast.
2.副词的含义：副词主要用来修饰_____，_____，_____
KEYS:动词；形容词；副词
3. 形容词变副词变化规则：
1)一般情况直接加 “ly”
quick(形容词)_____(副词)
2) 以辅音字母加“y”结尾的变“y”为“i”，加“ly”
happy(形容词)_____(副词)
3) 辅音字母加不发音字母“e”结尾和以“ue”结尾的去掉“e”, 然后再加“ly”
terrible(形容词)_____(副词)
4)以“ll”结尾的词，只加“y”
full(形容词)_____(副词)
KEYS: quickly; happily ;terribly; fully
注意
有些以“ly”结尾的词是形容词而非副词，如：
friendly ; motherly; lovely; monthly ; heavenly ; manly
练习
找出下列该段中的形容词和副词
John is a polite people. Every morning he greet everybody politely. And his politesse always make us feel good. He has ever said that he hates impolite people.
形容词:_________________________
副词:___________________________
KEYS: 形容词: polite; good; impolite 副词: politely
二、形容词和副词在句子中的作用
例：
Her new dress is very beautiful.
He is a good young man.
I have something important to tell you.
The hole is large enough.
That sounds interesting.
I have a good book.
1. 形容词的作用：
1)形容词可放在_____之后，作表语；
2)形容词修饰名词或代词，放在名词或代词_____，作定语。
3)形容词修饰_____放在_____.
KEYS:
1)系动词
2)之后
3)不定代词; 之后
例：
He works very hard.
This street is very long.
He speaks English well.
The girl is extremely pretty.
She runs very fast.
2. 副词的作用：副词可修饰_____，_____，_____放在其_____作状语。
KEYS: 动词；形容词；副词；之前
3. 副词的分类
1)表示_____副词：today, now, then, ago, before, early, late, soon等。
2)表示_____和重复的时间副词，如：always, often, never, hardly, again, once等。
3) 表示_____副词，如: everywhere, here, there, home, near, away, above, below, across,
in, out, inside, up, down, upstairs, around, back, behind等。
4) 表示_____副词，如：hard, well, together, clearly, slowly, politely, suddenly等。
5) 表示_____副词，如：much, quite, rather, almost, even, just, still, nearly, only, very等。
KEYS: 时间；频度；地点和方位；方式；程度
拓展
例：
two beautiful new green silk evening dress
a beautiful new black Italian leather jacket
多个形容词修饰一个名词，这些形容词之间的先后顺序如何记忆有方法如下：
口诀法："美小圆旧黄，法国木书房”
（注：“美”代表“描述或性质类”；“小”代表“大小、长短、高低、胖瘦类” ；“圆”代表“形状类” ；“旧”代表“新旧、年龄类” ；“黄”代表“颜色类” ；“法国”代表“来源、国籍、地区、出处类” ；“木”代表“物质、材料、质地类” ；“书”代表“用途、类别、功能、作用类” ；“房”代表“中心名词”。）
练习
1. She has a _____ jacket. (leather，brown，beautiful)
2. He has a _____ car. (American，long，red)
3. They live in a _____ house. (old，beautiful)
4. We have a_____ table. (antique, small，wooden)
5. It was a ___ song. (French，old, lovely)
KEYS:
1. beautiful brown leather jacket.
2. long red American car.
3. beautiful old house.
4. small antique wooden table.
5. lovely old French song.
三、形容词和副词比较级与最高级的构成
例：
LADY: I'm afraid this green dress is too small for me as well. It's smaller than the blue one.
LADY: I don't like the color either. It doesn't suit me at all. I think the blue dress is prettier.
LADY: Could you show me another blue dress I want a dress like that one, but it must be my size.
ASSISTANT: I'm afraid I haven't got a larger dress. This is the largest dress in the shop.
总结
1. 比较级:将_____进行比较所产生的词形，表示“更…”
最高级:表示_____或者_____的人或物进行比较，表示“最…”
KEYS: 两者；三者，三者以上
2. 观察下列形容词的变化:
smaller prettier larger largest
2.1.绝大多数形容词有三种形式，原级，比较级和最高级，分为规则变化和不规则变化。
1)词尾加-er和-est.
great (原级) _____ (比较级) _____ (最高级)
2)以-e结尾，在词尾加-r和-st
wide (原级) _____ (比较级) _____ (最高级)
3)以辅音字母+y结尾，去掉y,加上-ier和-iest
规则变化 happy (原级) _____ (比较级) _____ (最高级)
4)以“辅元辅”字母结尾，双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est
big (原级) _____ (比较级) _____ (最高级)
5)双音节和多音节词，加more变比较级，加most变最高级
beautiful(原级)_____(比较级)_____(最高级)
KEYS: greater; the greatest
wider; the widest
happier; the happiest
bigger; the biggest
more beautiful; most beautiful
注意
形容词最高级前the不能省
不规则变化：
原级 比较级 最高级
good better the best
many more the most
bad worse the worst
little less least
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2.2. 副词和形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。
1)在词尾加-er或 -est
fast(原级) _____ (比较级) _____ (最高级)
2)以-e结尾，在词尾加-r和-st
规则变化 late (原级) _____ (比较级) _____ (最高级)
3)以形容词加-ly结尾的副词（early除外），前面须加more 或most.
happily(原级) _____ (比较级) _____ (最高级)
KEYS: faster fastest; later latest; more happily more carefully
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
well better the best
much more the most
badly worse the worst
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
四、形容词和副词比较级与最高级用法
例：
Art is as interesting as music.
Play as well as you can.
English is not so difficult as science.
She does not study so well as I do.
1. _____ 句型表示”像…一样”. 其否定形式为_____表示“不如….那样”
KEYS: as+形容词/副词原级+as ; not +so(as)+形容词/副词原级+as
练习
It is not so _____ as yesterday, so there are _____ people sitting in the square.
A. cold, fewer B. warm, more C. cold, more
We don’t have much homework now and our school bags are _____ they used to be.
A. as heavy as B. not as heavy as
C. as heavily as D. not as heavily as
KEYS: CB
例：
Jim is older than Lucy.
I like pork better than beef
2. __________用与两者比较,表示 “比….”
KEYS: 比较级+than
拓展
例：
Our city is much more beautiful than yours.
He is even slower than before.
比较级前面可以加程度副词_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____等来修饰,表示强调。
KEYS: much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit
练习
--Mum, could you buy me a dress like that
--Certainly, we can buy _____ one than this, but_____ this.
A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as
C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; not as good as
The boy doesn't speak_____his sister, but his written work is very good.
A. as well as B. so good as
C. more better than D. more worse than
KEYS: CA
例：
He is growing taller and taller.
He studies better and better.
3. _____可表示 “越来越…”
KEYS: 比较级+and+比较级
练习
People complain that the price of the apartment is getting _____ .
A. lower and lower B. higher and higher
C. cheaper and cheaper D. more and more expensive
Farmers have become _____ in our hometown in recent years.
A. more and more rich B. richer and richer C. more rich and more rich
KEYS: BB
例：
The more books she reads, the better she understand.
The busier he is，the happier he feels.
4. _____可表示 “越…越…”
KEYS: the+比较级, the+比较级
练习
Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. _____ you are, _____ mistakes you’ll make.
A. The more carefully, the fewer B. The more careful, the less
C. The more carefully, the less D. The more careful, the fewer
KEYS:D
例：
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
Asia is three times larger than Europe.
Asia is four times the size of Europe.
5. 倍数表达方式：
_____表示 “有…几倍大”
_____表示“比…大(长，多…)几倍”
_____表示 “是…的几倍大(长/宽/高)”
KEYS:
…times+as+形容词/副词原形+as
…times+形容词比较级+than（倍数减一）
…times+the size(length/width/height)+of
练习
翻译
中国是韩国的四倍大.
_______________________
我的房间比Lucy的大三倍
_______________________
KEYS:
China is four times as large as Korea.
My room is three times larger than Lucy’s.
例：
He is better than any other student in the class.
This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.
6. 形容词和副词比较级形式可表达最高级的意思，其句型为_____.表示”比其他任何…都…”
KEYS: 比较级+than any other+可数名词单数
拓展
He is better than other students in the class.
比较级+than other +复数
练习
翻译下列句子
他是我们班上最活跃的学生
________________________________________
那本小说是中学生最喜欢的书
________________________________________
China is the largest country in Asia.(同义转换)
________________________________________
________________________________________
KEYS:
He is more active than any other student in our class.
That novel is more popular with middle school students than any other books.
China is larger than any other country in Asia.
China is larger than other countries in Asia.
例:
The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.
7. 比较级的替代。使用比较级时，前后两个比较项要保持一致，若前一个比较项是不可数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词_____；若前一个比较项是可数名词复数，则后一个比较项可为替代词_____. 其句型为; 比较级+than that/those+of/in.
KEYS: that ; those
总结
形容词和副词比较级结构:
1)“比….” _____
2) “越来越…”_____
3) “越…越…”_____
4) 比…大(长，多…)几倍” _____
5) ”比其他任何…都…”_____ _____
KEYS:
比较级+than
比较级+and+比较级
the+比较级, the+比较级
…times+形容词比较级
比较级+than any other+可数名词单数
比较级+than other +复数
例：
Spring is the best season of the year.
Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.
8. 形容词和副词最高级用于三者或者三者以上比较，_____的结构，表示＂最…＂.
KEYS: the＋最高级(+名词)＋of/in
注意
1.在最高级句型中，形容此前the不能省，副词最高级前面的 the 往往省略。
2. of +同类人或者同类事物之间的比较（在...当中）
in +地点/ 时间范围 （在...的范围之内）
练习
China is developing _____ of all the countries in the world．
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the most fast
--- What is your favorite sport
--- Swimming, I think. It’s _____ of all.
A. earsier B. more difficult
C. the most interesting D. the most boring
KEYS:CC
例：
He is one of the tallest boys in our class.
9. 形容词最高级_____结构表示“最….之一”, 这时形容词后面的名词为_____.
KEYS: one of the+最高级； 复数形式
拓展
Wu Fen is my best friend.
This is Lily’s best friend.
1、形容词最高级前有_____，_____，不再加the。
KEYS: 物主代词；名次所有格
That book is most interesting.
She is a most beautiful girl.
2.如果形容词最高级用来加强语气,作_____之意时,前面不加the。但形容词最高级作单数名词的定语时,可用不定冠词a/an。
KEYS:非常
总结
形容词副词最高级
表示＂最…＂_____
表示“最….之一” _____.
KEYS: the＋最高级(+名词)＋of/in ; one of the+最高级
练习
用适当形式填空：
1. Bob is _____ (young) than Fred but _____ (tall) than Fred.
2. Ying Tian is not as _____ (tall) as Yong Xian.
3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _____ (fat) than before the
holidays.
4.Which is _____ (heavy),a hen or a chicken
5.-- How _____ (tall) is Sally
-- She' s 1.55 meters _____ (tall). What about Xiaoling
-- She' s only 1.40 metres _____ (tall). She is much _____ (short) than Sally.
She is also the _____ (short) girl in the class.
6. He is _____ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _____ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _____ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the _____ (kind) person in the world.
8. He is one of the_____ (friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much _____ (expensive) than a story-book.
10. An orange is a little _____ (big) than an apple, but much _____ (small) than a watermelon.
单选
1. I am really serious _____, for I can’t find my backpack.
A. worried B. angry C. disappointed
2. We are not certain if it will be fine tomorrow.
A. exact B. convincing C. sure
3. It is not so _____ as yesterday, so there are _____ people sitting in the square.
A. cold, fewer B. warm, more C. cold, more
4. If you are free at the moment, please clean your bedroom yourself.
A. at once B. right now C. right away
5. Mr. White said that he had _____visited the Great Wall before. It’s his first time to come to China.
A. ever B. never C. once
6. --Would you like some coffee
-- No, thanks. I _____drink coffee. Coffee is bad for my stomach.
A. almost B. already C. hardly D. still
7. --Who did English homework better, Leo or Nick
--Leo was more careful. I think Leo did _____ Nick.
A. as good as B. as well as C. better than D. worse than
8. --I don’t have enough money. This watch is too expensive.
--Look, there are some more over there. They’re _____and nice.
A. big B. old C. small D. cheap
9. --How tall he is!
--Yes, he is _____than any other student in his class.
A. tall B. taller D. tallest
10. --You’ve done a nice job!
--Thanks. I always do everything _____.
A. care B. careful C. Carefully
11. China is one of_____ countries in the world.
A. larger B. largest C. the largest
KEYS:
用适当形式填空:younger, taller; tall; fatter; heavier; tall, tall, tall, shorter, shortest;
bad, worse, worst ; kindest; friendlier; more expensive; bigger, smaller
单选：ACCBB CCDBC C
五、独立完成形容词和副词相关练习
翻译
1.这本书跟那本书一样有趣。
This book is _____ _____ _____ that one.
2.你游泳没有你弟弟好。
You can’t swim _____ _____ _____ your brother.
3.今天比昨天冷的多。
It is _____ ______ today______ it was yesterday.
4.这个故事比另一个有趣得多。
This story is _____ ______ ______ than that one.
5.他比我大两岁。
He is _____ ______ ______ than I.
6.这个故事不如那个有趣。
This story is _____ _____ _____ than that one.
7.她的身体状况一天天好起来。
She is getting _____ ______ ______ every day.
8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。
He is becoming ______ _____ _______ _____ ______ English.
9.他吃的越多，人越胖。
The more he eats, the _______ he gets.
10.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。
Your question is _______ ______ ______ of two.
KEYS:
1. as interesting as 2. As well as 3.much colder today than
4. Much more interesting 5.two years older 6. Not more interesting
7. Getting better and better 8.more and more interested in 9. Fatter
10. The more difficult
改错
1. He is as taller as I am.
2. She is a little thiner than she looks.
3. Bob is heavier than any other boys in the class.
4.The girls study the better than the boy.
5. It is one of the most interesting book than I have ever read.
6. He says Mary is most friendliest person in the class.
7. Which city is most beautiful, Beijing or Guangzhou
8. Jack works hard. Mike works very harder than Jack.
9. London is the bigger city in Britain.
10.Bob plays football badly but Fred plays football much badlier than Bob.
KEYS: 1. taller---tall 2. thiner--- thinner 3. boys--- boy 4. the better---better 5. book---books
6. most friendliest---the friendliest 7. most---more 8. very---much 9. bigger---biggest
10. badlier---worse
单选
1. --Up to now the Chinese Communist Party（中国共产党）has nearly_____history.
--Yes, it was founded _____July 23rd, 1921.
A. 90 years; at B. 90-year; in
C. 90-years; of D. 90-year; on
2.I think these cards are _____ than those cards.
A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest
3. --Susan, you know what We can have a dog!
--Great! But I prefer to have a cat. It is much_____ to look after.
A. easy B. easier C. easiest
4. —Which do you like _____, summer or winter
—I prefer summer.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
5. The more you smile, the _____ you will feel.
A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily
6. --What do you think of Liu Huan
--Oh, he is my favorite singer. I think no one can sing_____.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
7. --Steve is good at writing short stories.
-- So he is. But he writes _____ than us. So he can’t get good grades in writing.
A. most carefully B. more carefully
C. less carefully D. least carefully
8. -- There is a smile on Miss Gao’s face. She must be _____with Sam’s work.
--I think so. No one did as____ as him in our class.
A. angry: well B. pleasing; good C. strict, good D. pleased; well
9. --What a hot day!
--The weather report says it will be much _____ tomorrow.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest
10. --_____scientific attitude is needed in developing our city.
--I agree with you. In this way, we can make_____ mistakes.
A. Fewer; less B. Less; more C. More; fewer
11. This T-shirt is not large enough. Please show me a_____ one.
A. large B. larger C. largest
KEYS: DBBCB CCDBC A
B卷练习
(2010成都市)
cook dark finish high lead light luck map sign sure surprise worry
Soon darkness fell after we left the village, but luckily, we met no one as we drove fast along the narrow road that leads to the hill. As our car climbed __6__, it became colder and the rain began to fall making it difficult to see the road.
(2011成都市)
all any behave difference drink eat enjoy fine other real surprise these
Once there was teacher who took all his students for tea. What made the students surprised was that all the cups on the table were different. Each of them took a cup and started drinking their own tea, looking at the others’ cups. The teacher said “Do you notice your behavior You are all looking at each other’s tea cups and some of you even envy the __7__cups of others.”
KEYS: higher ; finer

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