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Unit 7 知识点梳理 提升训练 --人教版 八年级英语下册
知识点梳理
【重点短语】
1. as big as 与……一样大
2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一
3. feel free to do sth 随意地做某事
4. as far as I know 据我所知
5. man-made objects 人造物体 6. part of ... ……的组成部分
7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉 8. in the world 在世界上
9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山
10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中
11. run along 跨越
12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气 13. take in air 呼吸空气
14. the first people to do sth 第一个做某事的人
15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险
16. give up doing sth 放弃做某事
17. achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想
18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量
19. reach the top 到达顶峰 20. even though 虽然；尽管
21. at birth 在出生的时候 22. be awake 醒着
23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去 24. walk into sb 撞到某人
25. fall over 摔倒
26. take care of 照顾；照料 27. every two years 每两年
28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木 29. endangered animals 濒危动物
30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少 31. be in danger 处于危险之中
32. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性 【重点句型】
1. It is adj + (for sb) to do sth
It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。
2. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves
in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。
3. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to
achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。
4. How high / deep / ... is ... How high is Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰有多高？
5. Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.
虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。
6. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of
bamboo.
成年大熊猫一天要花 12 个多小时的时间吃大约十公斤的竹子。
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．__________ is the population of the city
A．What B．How much C．How many D．How big
2．Many countries are making new laws __________their countries__________ pollution.
A．protect；from B．to protect；from C．protecting；from D．to protect；for
3．Jane is a smart girl in the class who is prettier than __________.
A．any other girls B．any other girl C．any girls D．any others
4．This restaurant wasn’t __________ other restaurants we went to.
A．half as good as B．as half good as C．as good as half D．good as half as
5．We have a lovely room. It’s one of ______ rooms in the hotel.
A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest
6．Lucy has __________ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.
A．finished B．come C．achieved D．made
7．—Do you know Liu Yang
—Yes. She is the first woman __________ into space in China.
A．to come B．comes C．came D．come
8．He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk __________ the good opportunity.
A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost
9．—Which city has __________ population, Shanghai, Hefei or Qingdao
—Shanghai, of course.
A．the smallest B．the least C．the most D．the largest
10．For most people, it’s very difficult to _________ air on the top of Qomolangma.
A．take out B．take off
C．take up D．take in
11．The fans shouted with __________ when they saw the famous singer.
A．exciting B．excited C．excite D．excitement
12．He did his best to stay __________, but the performance was so boring that he fell asleep at last.
A．wake B．awake C．woke D．awaked
13．Did you know that over 100,000 people __________ smoking every year in Britain
A．die with B．die from C．die away D．die out
14．The astronauts succeeded __________ from the moon to the earth according to the plan.
A．in returning B．in returning back C．to return D．to return back
15．The books, __________ the dictionaries, must be put back where they __________.
A．included；were B．to include；are C．including；were D．including；are
二、单词拼写
16．Of the two girls, I find Lucy the (clever).
17．Gold（黄金）is （little）useful than iron（铁）.
18．My sister is two years (old) than I.
19．Susan's parents have four daughters, and she is the (young) child.
20．The boy is not so (hard-working) as his brother.
21．Allen sings (well). He sings (well) than John, but Mary sings (well) in their class.
22．She will be much (happy) in her new house.
23．This dress is that one. (twice, as…as..., expensive)
三、短文填空
Dear Dave,
I’m happy to be your pen pal. I’d like to tell you something about China.
China is the b 24 country in Asia. It’s almost as big as the US. China has the biggest population in the world. The people here are f 25 and hard-working. The Yangtze River is one of the l 26 rivers in the world. China is over 5000 years old. It has a much longer history than the US. The Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.
I love China very much. Welcome to China and play with me.
Yours,
Li Lei
四、补全对话
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: What do you think is the most beautiful mountain in China
B: Mountain Huang, of course.
A: 27
B: It is in Anhui Province.
A: 28
B: It is about 1, 864 meters high.
A: Did you go there before
B: Yes, I did.
A: 29
B: I went there last summer.
A: 30
B: I went there with my parents. What about you Have you ever been there before
A: 31 . But I plan to go there this summer.
B: I'm sure you will have a good time when you visit it.
A: I hope so.
五、阅读理解
There are places in North America where great cities once stood. There were gardens, trees and grass. But now these places are like deserts. Scientists began to study this land to find out what had happened. Many of them believe the land died when the trees were cut down.
Trees help other plants grow. Tree roots (树根) hold the soil in place. They keep the wind from blowing away the soil. Leaves on the ground keep rainwater from running off. Trees near farms can help to stop strong winds.
Once there were hundreds of farms in the northwest of the US. Then the farms turned into fields of dry land. This was because few trees grow there.
Now we try to save trees. In many places, when a tree is cut down, a new tree is planted in its place. We don’t want the land to die.
32．Places where great cities stood are now like ________.
A．forests B．deserts C．farms D．gardens
33．The underlined word “its” means ________.
A．the old tree’s B．the new tree’s C．the place’s D．the land’s
34．Why are trees important
A．Because they turn fields into dry land. B．Because they help other plants grow.
C．Because they help strong winds blow. D．Because they keep rainwater running off.
35．What does the text tell us
A．Farms are better than cities. B．There are no deserts in America.
C．Lands will die without trees. D．All the trees are cut down.
36．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．You can’t find any trees or grass in North America.
B．Trees help us live a life as we are living now.
C．Trees grow only in the deserts.
D．Trees can blow soil away.
Do you know why different animals or pests (害虫) have their special colors Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.
Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫). But birds cannot easily catch them. Why It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is protecting themselves. Bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be seen by hunters. This is because they have the colors much like the trees.
Have you ever noticed an even stranger act An octopus (章鱼) can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over, the enemies cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it isn’t strong at all.
37．From the passage we learn that locusts ________.
A．are small animals B．are easily found by birds
C．are dangerous to their enemies D．change their colors to protect themselves
38．How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger
A．They run away quickly.
B．Their colors are like their enemies’.
C．They hide themselves in the day and appear at night.
D．They have to move quietly.
39．Bears and tigers can keep safe because they ________.
A．have the colors much like the trees B．move quickly
C．like brown and grey colors D．live in forests
40．An octopus lives up to now because ________.
A．it is very big and strong
B．the liquid it sends out helps it escape from its enemies
C．the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies
D．it swims faster than any other fish
41．Which is the BEST title for this passage
A．The Changes of Colors for Animals and Pests B．Colors of Different Animals and Pests
C．The Main Use of Colors for Animals and Pests D．Some Animals and Pests
六、任务型阅读
The weather gets colder, days get shorter and the leaves change their colours and fall off the trees. Soon, winter is here. Snow covers the ground. People live in warm houses and wear heavy coats outside. Our food comes from the stores, but what happens to the birds
Birds do many different, amazing things to get through the winter. Some of them migrate. This means they travel to other places, where the weather is warmer, or where they can find food.
Many birds migrate in autumn. Some travel in large groups, because the trip can be dangerous. For example, geese fly in noisy V-shaped groups. Other kinds of birds fly alone.
How do they know when it is time to leave for the winter Scientist are still studying this. Many scientists think migration is part of a yearly cycle of changes that a bird goes through. The cycle is controlled by changes in the amount of daylight and the weather.
Birds can fly very long distances. For example, the Arctic tern（北极燕鸥）lives close to the North Pole in summer. In autumn, it flies south, all the way to the South Pole. Each spring it returns to the North Pole.
Most birds migrate shorter distances. Do you know how they find their way to the same place each year Birds use the sun, moon and stars for direction.
Why do birds migrate
Why do birds migrate To find better 42 .
Which birds travel in groups 43 .
How do birds know when to migrate They know from the 44 .
Which birds travel the longest distance 45 .
Birds use the 46 to find their way home.
七、书面表达
47．请根据提示写一篇关于你最熟悉或印象最深刻的地方的报道，不少于60词。
要点提示：
1. 此地所处的位置、面积；
2. 此地的气候状况；
3. 此地的自然景观；
4. 此地的饮食等风土人情。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
《Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world？知识点梳理 提升训练 --人教版 八年级英语下册》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A B B A D C A B D D
题号 11 12 13 14 15 32 33 34 35 36
答案 D B B A C B A B C B
题号 37 38 39 40 41
答案 D C A B C
1．A
【详解】句意：这个城市的人口是多少？
考查特殊疑问句。what什么，问事或物；how much多少，询问不可数名词的“量”或问价钱；how many多少，询问可数名词的“数”；how big多大。根据“the population”可知此处询问“多少人口”，用疑问词用what。故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：许多国家正在制定新的法律来保护他们的国家免受污染。
考查非谓语动词以及介词辨析。from来自；for为了。第一空是不定式作目的状语，因此第一空填不定式to protect；第二空是固定词组，protect…from…“保护……免受……”，所以填介词from。故选B。
3．B
【详解】句意：简是班里最聪明的女孩，她比其他女孩都漂亮。
考查比较级。“比较级+than+any other+名词单数”意为“比其它任何一个都”，any other后跟单数名词，表示整体中排除一部分后剩余的全部。故选B。
4．A
【详解】句意：这个餐馆不如我们之前去的其他餐馆的一半好。
考查倍数的表达。half as good as如……的一半好；as half good as错误表达；as good as half错误表达；good as half as错误表达。根据“This restaurant”和“other restaurants”此处表示两者的比较，根据“A+动词+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”表示“A=B的几倍”可知，此处应用half as good as表示“如……的一半好”，half为倍数，表示“一半”。故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：我们有一个漂亮的房间。它是这个旅馆最漂亮的房间之一。
考查“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构。分析句子可知，此处构成“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，强调“最……之一”。故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：露西已经实现了她在高中为自己设定的所有目标，并为大学的新挑战做好了准备。
考查动词辨析。finished完成；come来；achieved实现；made制造。根据“all of the goals she set for herself”可知，此处指实现了为自己设定的所有目标，故选C。
7．A
【详解】句意：——你知道刘洋吗？——知道。她是中国第一位进入太空的女性。
考查非谓语动词。the first (+名词) to do sth.“第一个做……的人”，因此用不定式作定语。故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：他已为这次工作面试做好充分准备，因为它不能冒风险而失去这个好机会。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是作动词“risk”后的宾语，因此要用动名词，固定短语risk doing sth. “冒险做某事”。故选B。
9．D
【详解】句意：——上海、合肥和青岛哪个城市人口最多？——当然是上海。
考查形容词辨析。smallest最小的；least最少的；most最多的；largest最大的。人口的多少只能用big，large或small来修饰；根据答语“Shanghai”可知是询问人口最多的城市，故选D。
10．D
【详解】句意：对于大多数人来说，在珠穆朗玛峰顶上呼吸空气是非常困难的。
考查动词短语辨析。take out取出，拿出；take off脱掉，起飞；take up开始从事；take in吸收。根据“it’s very difficult to … air on the top of Qomolangma”可知，站在珠穆朗玛峰顶上呼吸空气是困难的，故选D。
11．D
【详解】句意：当粉丝们看到这个著名的歌手时，兴奋地呼喊起来。
考查介词的用法。exciting令人兴奋的；excited兴奋的；excite使兴奋；excitement激动，兴奋。根据“with”是介词可知，此处要用名词；with excitement“兴奋地”。故选D。
12．B
【详解】句意：他尽最大的努力保持清醒，但是这个表演太无聊了以至于他最后睡着了。
考查单词辨析。wake动词，醒来；awake形容词，醒着的 ，动词，使醒来；woke是wake 的过去式；awaked是awake的过去式。根据“stay”保持，系动词，所以后应加形容词作表语。故选B。
13．B
【详解】句意：你知道英国每年有超过10万人死于吸烟吗？
考查动词短语辨析。die with“随着……而消失”；die from“死于”；die away“消失”；die out“灭绝”。根据“over 100,000 people … smoking”可知，此处指死于吸烟，故选B。
14．A
【详解】句意：宇航员们按照计划成功地从月球返回到地球。
考查非谓语动词。根据“succeeded”可知此处应用动词短语succeed in doing sth.表示“成功做成某事”，排除C/D；；根据“from the moon to the earth”可知此处应用return from…表示“从……归来”。故选A。
15．C
【详解】句意：书，包括字典，必须放回原处。
考查介词以及be动词。included包括，动词过去式或者过去分词；to include不定式；including现在分词或介词；were是，are的过去式。第一空“The books”与“the dictionaries”之间有逗号，因此用介词including；第二空是说这些书必须被放回它们原先所在的位置，故第二个空用过去时态的were。故选C。
16．cleverer
【详解】句意：这两个女孩中，我觉得露西比较聪明。根据“Of the two girls, I find Lucy the ...”可知，此处表示露西是两者中较聪明那个，应用比较级cleverer。故填cleverer。
17．less
【详解】句意：黄金不如铁有用。根据than可知使用比较级，little的比较级是less，less + 形容词的原级 + than：不如……；故填less。
18．older
【详解】句意：我姐姐比我大两岁。根据“My sister is two years ... than I.”可知，此处指姐姐比我大两岁，应用old的比较级older。故填older。
19．youngest
【详解】句意：苏珊的父母有四个女儿，她是最小的孩子。根据“Susan's parents have four daughters”和空前的定冠词“the”可知，此处要用young的最高级youngest，意为“最幼小的”。故填youngest。
20．hard-working
【详解】这个男孩不像他的弟弟一样那么努力。这个句子是主系表结构，缺少表语。not so+形容词或者副词原级+as翻译为“不像……一样” 。系动词is后面加形容词，故此空需要填形容词hardworking。故填hard-working。
21． well better best
【详解】句意：艾伦唱得很好。他比约翰唱得好，但玛丽在他们班唱得最好。根据“Allen sings ...”可知，第一空要用副词well修饰动词“sings”；根据“than John”可知，此处要用副词well的比较级better，修饰动词“sings”；再根据“in their class”可知，此处要用副词well的最高级形式best。故填well；better；best。
22．happier
【详解】句意：她在新房子里会快乐得多。根据“She will be much ... in her new house.”可知，与之前的房子（旧房子）相比，她在新房里更加快乐；much修饰比较级，故此处要用happy的比较级happier。故填happier。
23．twice as expensive as
【详解】句意：这件衣服比那件贵一倍。根据所给词“twice, as…as..., expensive”可知，此处考查倍数表达；倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as表示“……是……几倍”。故填twice as expensive as。
24．(b)iggest 25．(f)riendly 26．(l)ongest
【导语】本文是李雷写给大卫的信，介绍了一些关于中国的事情。
24．句意：中国是亚洲最大的国家。根据“China is the...country in Asia”结合常识可知，中国是亚洲最大的国家，biggest“最大的”符合语境。故填(b)iggest。
25．句意：这里的人很友好也很勤劳。根据“The people here are f...and hard-working”及首字母提示可知中国人很友好，friendly“友好的”，形容词。故填(f)riendly。
26．句意：长江是世界上最长的河流之一。根据“Yangtze River is one of the...rivers in the world”可知此处是one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数的结构，结合常识可知，长江是世界上最长的河流之一，longest“最长的”符合语境。故填(l)ongest。
27．Where is it/Mountain Huang 28．How high is Mountain Huang/it 29．When did you go there 30．Who/Whom did you go there with 31．No (, I haven’t)
【导语】本文是两人关于黄山的对话。
27．根据“It is in Anhui Province.”可知，问黄山在哪。故填Where is it/Mountain Huang。
28．根据“It is about 1, 864 meters high.”可知，黄山有多高，故填How high is Mountain Huang/it。
29．根据“I went there last summer.”可知，问对方以前什么时候去的。故填When did you go there。
30．根据“I went there with my parents”可知，问对方和谁一起去的。故填Who/Whom did you go there with。
31．根据“But I plan to go there this summer.”可知，应作否定回答。故填No (, I haven’t)。
32．B 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者阐述了树木的重要性以及没有树木土地就会死掉。
32．细节理解题。根据原文“There are places in North America where great cities once stood. There were gardens, trees and grass. But now these places are like deserts”可知，有些地方曾经是伟大的城市，但现在这些地方就像沙漠。故选B。
33．词句猜测题。根据原文“when a tree is cut down, a new tree is planted in its place”可知，此处“its place”指的是旧树所在的位置。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据原文“Trees help other plants grow”可知，树木会帮助其他植物生长。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据原文“Then the farms turned into fields of dry land. This was because few trees grow there”可知，没有树木之后，土地就死了。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据原文“Now we try to save trees. In many places, when a tree is cut down, a new tree is planted in its place. We don’t want the land to die”可知，树被砍伐之后，土地就死亡了。由此可推断树木的存在维持了当地的生态，帮助我们维持着现有的生活。故选B。
37．D 38．C 39．A 40．B 41．C
【导语】本文主要介绍的是颜色在动物们保护自身安全方面的主要用途。
37．细节理解题。根据“It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops”可知，蝗虫随庄稼颜色的变化而改变自身的颜色，这是它们之所以存活的主要原因。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.”可知，那些自身颜色不同于庄稼颜色的昆虫为了保护自己，只在晚上出没。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“This is because they have the colors much like the trees.”可知，熊和老虎因为自身颜色与树木颜色接近才得以保护自己。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据“An octopus (章鱼) can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over, the enemies cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it isn’t strong at all.”可知，章鱼之所以存活至今是因为它可以释放出黑色液体，借机逃脱。故选B。
41．最佳标题题。本文主要讨论的是颜色在动物们保护自身安全方面的主要用途。因此选项C“动物和害虫的颜色的主要用途”为最佳标题。故选C。
42．weather and food 43．Geese 44．daylight and the weather 45．The Arctic terns 46．sun, moon and stars
【导语】本文主要向我们科普了鸟类迁徙的相关知识。
42．根据“This means they travel to other places, where the weather is warmer, or where they can find food.”可知，鸟类迁徙是为了寻找更好的气候和食物，故填weather and food。
43．根据“For example, geese fly in noisy V-shaped groups”可知，大雁成群飞行，故填Geese。
44．根据“Many scientists think migration is part of a yearly cycle of changes that a bird goes through. The cycle is controlled by changes in the amount of daylight and the weather.”可知，许多科学家认为迁徙是鸟类每年循环变化的一部分。这个周期是由日照时间和天气的变化控制的，所以推断，鸟类是根据日照时间和天气的变化来判断什么时候迁徙的，故填daylight and the weather。
45．根据“Birds can fly very long distances. For example, the Arctic tern（北极燕鸥）lives close to the North Pole in summer.”可知，北极燕鸥能飞很远的距离，故填The Arctic terns。
46．根据“Birds use the sun, moon and stars for direction.”可知，鸟类利用太阳、月亮和星星来辨别方向，找到回家的路，故填sun, moon and stars。
47．One possible version:
My hometown is in Hainan. It is a beautiful island. And it is the second largest island in China. It is in the south of China. The climate is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter.
You can enjoy bright sunshine, fresh air and beautiful beaches here. You can also eat the delicious seafood, walk along the beautiful seaside or swim in the blue sea here.
People in my hometown are very easy to get along with. They are friendly and they are always ready to help you.
I’m sure you’ll fall in love with my hometown as soon as you see it.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已经给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点；注意条理清晰、逻辑连贯、无语法使用错误。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍这个地方是哪里，它所处的位置和面积；
第二步，介绍该地的气候状况和自然景观；
第三步，介绍该地的风土人情；
第四步，总结全文，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
① in the south of 在……的南方
② neither ... nor 既不……也不……
③ get along with 与……和睦相处
④ fall in love with 爱上
[高分句型]
① You can also eat the delicious seafood, walk along the beautiful seaside or swim in the blue sea here.（or连接的并列句）
② I’m sure you’ll fall in love with my hometown as soon as you see it.（as soon as引导的时间状语从句）
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