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Unit 4 知识点梳理 提升训练 --人教版 八年级英语下册
知识点梳理
【重点短语】
1. have free time 有空闲时间
2. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 3. hang out with sb 与某人闲逛
4. after-school classes 课外活动课
5. get into a fight with sb 与某人吵架 / 打架
6. until midnight 直到半夜
7. talk to sb 与某人交谈 8. too many 太多
9. study too much 学得过多
10. get enough sleep 有足够的睡眠
11. write sb a letter 给某人写信
12. call sb up 打电话给某人
13. surprise sb 令某人惊讶
14. look through 翻看
15. be angry with sb 生某人的气
16. a big deal 重要的事
17. work out 成功地发展；解决
18. get on with 和睦相处；关系良好
19. fight a lot 经常吵架 / 打架
20. hang over 笼罩
21. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
22. offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
23. so that 以便
24. mind sb doing sth 介意某人做某事 25. all the time 一直 26. in future 今后
27. make sb angry 使某人生气
28. worry about sth 担心某事
29. copy one's homework 抄袭某人的作业
30. be oneself 做自己
31. family members 家庭成员
32. spend time alone 独自消磨时光
33. give sb pressure 给某人施压
34. have a fight with sb 与某人吵架
pete with sb 与某人竞争
36. free time activities 业余活动
37. get better grades 取得更好的成绩
38. give one's opinion 提出某人的观点
39. learn exam skills 学习应试技巧
40. practice sports 体育训练 41. cause stress 造成压力
42. cut out 删除 【重点句型】
1. I studied until midnight last night so I didn't get enough sleep. 我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。 2. Why don't you forget about it 你为什么不忘掉它呢？
3. Although she's wrong, it's not a big deal. 虽然她错了，但这并不是什么大事儿。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry. 他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。
5. May be you could go to his house. 也许你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don't want to surprise him. 我想我可以，但我不想让他感到惊讶。
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．_____ you do, don’t miss this exhibition, for it’s so hard for me to get the tickets.
A．Whatever B．However
C．Whenever D．Whether
2．Tom’s mother is angry ________ him because he failed in the exam.
A．to B．for C．with D．on
3．—Tom, you look tired this morning. What’s wrong
—I was so busy that I didn’t go to bed _____ 12 o’clock last night.
A．until B．when C．though D．unless
4．We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea ________________.
A．either B．however C．yet D．instead
5．Mr. Black was talking ________ the phone with his son’s teacher.
A．by B．on C．in D．of
6．—How can I ________ well with my lessons, Dad
—Practice makes perfect.
A．work on B．hold on C．get on D．keep on
7．Lisa invited me________the magic show，but I refused the invitation．
A．watch
B．watching
C．to watch
D．watches
8．—Any special ________ in this shopping mall now
—Sure, we have the latest e-products on sale.
A．offer B．price C．brand D．service
9．—Where are you going
—To the library. I’ve finished reading this book, so I am going to _____ it.
A．buy B．throw C．return D．borrow
10．—I feel a bit hungry now.
—Why not _____ for dinner with us
A．go B．did you go C．to go D．do you go
11．It’s ________ unusual day. Everyone will remember it forever.
A．/ B．a C．the D．an
12．Girl students in some schools are not allowed long hair.
A．having B．have C．had D．to have
13．You’d better take the map with you ________ you won’t get lost.
A．as long as B．as soon as C．now that D．so that
14．We will continue to fight ________ pollution until it is stopped.
A．about B．with C．for D．against
15．________ these past three years, I remember many things.
A．Looking up to B．Looking out C．Looking back on D．Looking after
二、单词拼写
16．When I got home, I found my mother （cook）in the kitchen.
17．We all hope to have more free time (relax).
18．We’ll have to walk (quick) to get there on time.
19．I am going to take part in the English speech （compete）next week.
20．If someone is in trouble, we should offer (help).
21．We had a discussion on languages and （communicate）.
22．It’s crazy for mothers to keep on (compare) their kids with others.
23．Many foreigners are surprised at the rapid of China.(develop)
24．He worked out the problem by himself instead of (copy) others’ answers.
25．My mother (主动提出) to take me to the museum yesterday.
三、完成句子
26．她的妈妈允许她完成作业后玩半个小时的电脑游戏。
Her mother computer games for half an hour after finishing her homework.
27．我们不允许在教室里吃饭。
We don’t in the classroom.
28．他从不学习。相反，他整天玩电脑游戏。
He never studies. , he plays computer games all day.
29．他待在家里，没出去。
He stayed at home going out.
30．托尼愿出500美元雇他做这份工作。
Tony offered him 500 dollars the work.
31．孩子们主动要求洗碗。
The kids the dishes.
32．现在他给顾客提供免费的服务。
Now he free service to the customers.
33．He took a plane in order to get home early.
He took a plane he would get home early.
34．The man is strong enough to carry that heavy box.
The man is strong he can carry that heavy box.
35．He got up early. As a result, he caught the early bus.
He got up early he caught the early bus.
四、短文填空
阅读短文, 并用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Dear Miss Smith,
I have a problem and I 36 (need) your help. I 37 (learn) English for about a year. But I’m not good at it. I feel sorry that I 38 (make) many mistakes in the exam last week. Now I 39 (try) my best to learn it. And I hope I 40 (improve) my English soon. I want 41 (know) how to learn English well. So could you give me some advice Thank you very much for 42 (help) me.
Yours,
Ma Li
五、补全对话
根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。
A: Hi, John. 43 You look upset.
B: Oh, Betty. Mr. Green is angry with me.
A: 44
B: Because I forgot to tell him there was an important meeting today.
A: 45
B: Call him up But I don’t like to talk about it on the phone.
A: If you don’t call him up, just write him a note.
B: 46 I’ll have a try. But I’m afraid that Mr. Green doesn’t want to read it.
A: Say sorry to him directly, please,
B: OK. Thanks for your advice.
A: 47
六、阅读理解
Dear Dr. Green, My relationship with my mother is worse and worse now. It seems she’s never tired of talking. She talks here and there, day and night. More seriously, I feel like we don’t have much in common. She doesn’t always understand what I’m trying to say. What should I do Yours, Jim
Dear Jim, I know how you feel. It’s not easy being your age. And it’s not easy being a mother, either. It’s common for kids to have trouble talking with parents, and talkative mothers are not new to teenagers. But remember, she’s nagging you because she just wants what’s best for you. Talking is her way to show love and care. And she also wants to know more about you. After a day’s work, she’s tired, too. But she will never be tired of caring about you. Kids should learn to understand and care about parents. In my opinion, it’s helpful to share school life with her. Then, you talk and she listens. Doing some housework together with her is another good way for you two to know each other better. And if possible, often tell her your feelings about the things around you. Always keep in mind: be polite and patient. Yours, Dr. Green
48．Why does Jim write to Dr. Green
A．Because his parents can’t understand him.
B．Because he has trouble getting on with his mother.
C．Because his mother doesn’t care about him.
D．Because he is allowed to do much housework.
49．The underlined word “nagging” means ________in Chinese.
A．唠叨 B．放纵 C．保护 D．溺爱
50．What advice does Dr. Green give to Jim
A．Argue with his mother.
B．Understand and care about his mother.
C．Take no notice of his mother and do whatever he likes.
D．Ask his mother to help with his housework.
七、任务型阅读
We’re thrown into a social situation, and everyone has his worries. Have you ever met any problems at school Have you ever got in trouble with your teacher Are you popular in your class If not, how to deal with it
What to do if you don’t feel popular
Try to take part in activities. Call your friends. Plan to do something. The worst feeling is staying at home alone, because it makes you feel even more lonely.
Try to make new friends. Choose friends carefully, not just because you think they’re popular. And remember, making good friends takes time. Choosing a popular person to be friends with is okay, if they are nice.
Be yourself. If you want to become friends with someone who’s popular, don’t make yourself into someone you are not just to impress（给人印象）that person.
Be nice. Be friendly. Be outgoing. But don’t overdo it! Talk to trusted friends if you are feeling really bad. Or you might want to write it down in a diary.
Do something special for yourself. You could take pictures of your friends, or collect their school pictures, and take a collage（拼贴画）to hang on your wall. This will remind you, when you are feeling unpopular, that you really do have friends.
Think up your own ideas. These suggestions（建议）might not work for everyone.
1-2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
51．Staying at home alone makes you feel even .
52．You should carefully when you make new friends.
53．Why does the writer suggest to think up your own ideas
54．
55．
八、书面表达
56．最近，你美国的笔友Tony在与同学的交往中遇到了烦恼，他写邮件向你寻求帮助。请你以李华的身份给他写一封邮件——提出你的一些建议。
建议内容包括：遇到问题多倾诉，多与他人分享情绪，尊重他人，与人为善，诚实守信……
要求：l．词数60-80，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
3．文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息。
参考词汇: share solve respect friendly be honest to
Dear Tony,
I'm sorry to hear that you have problems with classmates: I'm glad to help you.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope everything will go well with you soon.
yours,
Li Hua
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
《Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents？知识点梳理 提升训练 --人教版 八年级英语下册》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A C A D B C C A C A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 48 49 50
答案 D D D D C B A B
1．A
【详解】句意：无论你做什么，都不要错过这次展览，对我来说弄张票太难了。
考查连词词义辨析。Whatever无论什么；However然而，无论怎样；Whenever无论何时；Whether是否。根据“_____ you do”分析可知，此空处缺少一个可以作do的宾语的词语，只有whatever可以作宾语， 故选A。
2．C
【详解】句意：汤姆的妈妈生他的气，因为他考试不及格。
考查固定搭配。be angry with sb.“生某人的气”，是固定搭配。故选C。
3．A
【详解】句意：我是如此的忙以至于昨天晚上直到12点才去睡觉。until直到；when当……时候；though尽管；unless除非；本题符合not···until的结构，表示直到···才，故选答案为A
4．D
【详解】句意：我们没有咖啡了。让我们喝茶代替吧。
考查副词辨析。either也；however然而；yet还；instead代替。根据“We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea”可知要用茶代替咖啡。故选D。
5．B
【详解】句意：布莱克先生正在和他儿子的老师通电话。
考查介词辨析。by通过；on在……上；in在……里；of……的。根据“Mr. Black was talking ... the phone with his son’s teacher.”可知，此处表示布莱克先生在跟他儿子的老师打电话；on the phone“在打电话”，固定短语。故选B。
6．C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我怎样才能学好功课呢？——熟能生巧。
考查动词短语。work on对……起作用；hold on等一下；get on进展；keep on继续。根据“Practice makes perfect.”可知询问如何学好功课，get on well with“……进展顺利”，符合语境。故选C。
7．C
【详解】句意：Lisa邀请我去观看魔术表演，但是我拒绝了邀请。invite sb．to do sth．是固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”。故答案选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：——这家购物中心现在有什么特别优惠吗？——当然，我们有最新的电子产品在出售。
考查名词辨析。offer出价，特价；price价格；brand品牌；service服务。根据“Sure, we have the latest e-products on sale.”可知，电子产品属于商品，所以此处在问特价商品，offer符合题意。故选A。
9．C
【详解】句意：——你打算去哪里？——去图书馆。我已经读完了这本书，因此我打算归还它。
考查动词辨析。buy买；throw扔；return归还；borrow借。结合题干中的“我已经看完这本书了”可推断，“我”打算去把它“归还”给图书馆。故return符合题意。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：——我现在觉得有点饿。——为什么不和我们共进晚餐呢？
考查特殊疑问句。why not do sth“为什么不做某事”，此空应填动词原形go，故选A。
11．D
【详解】句意：这是不寻常的一天。每个人都会永远记住它。
考查冠词。/零冠词，即不用冠词；a一，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；the这，定冠词；an一，后接以元音音素开头的单词。根据“Everyone will remember it forever”可知，这是不寻常的一天，此处表泛指“一”，故应用不定冠词a或an，排除选项A和C。“unusual”以元音音素开头，故应用冠词an。故选D。
12．D
【详解】句意：一些学校的女生不被允许留长发。
考查非谓语动词。本题考查的是allow的用法，允许某人做某事allow ab. to do sth.。被动语态的形式为sb. be allowed to do sth.，其否定形式为sb. be not allowed to do sth.。根据题意，故本题选D。
13．D
【详解】句意：你最好带上这张地图，目的是为了不迷路。
考查连词辨析。A. as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；B. as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句；C. now that既然，表原因；D. so that以便，引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句。根据句意语境，带着地图的目的就是防止迷路，本题是目的状语从句，故选D。
14．D
【详解】句意：我们将继续与污染作斗争，直到它停止。
考查介词词义辨析。about关于，对于；with和，用，有；for为了；against反对。根据“fight... pollution until it is stopped”可知，此处应是指抵制污染，fight against意为“与……作斗争”符合语境。故选D。
15．C
【详解】句意：回顾这刚刚过去的三年，我记得许多事情。
考查动词短语。look up to”尊敬”；look out”当心”；look back on”回顾”；look after”照顾”。根据“these past three years, I remember many things”可知，应是回顾过去，记得很多事。故选C。
16．cooking
【详解】句意：当我回家的时候，我发现我的妈妈正在厨房做饭。find sb doing sth“发现某人正在做某事”，用动词ing形式。故填cooking。
17．to relax
【详解】句意：我们都希望有更多的空闲时间来放松。relax“放松”，动词。空处作后置定语修饰名词time，所以用动词不定式。故填to relax。
18．quickly
【详解】句意：我们得快走才能准时到达那里。根据“We’ll have to walk…(quick) to get there on time”可知此处应用副词来修饰动词walk“行走”，quick“快的”，其副词形式为quickly。故填quickly。
19．competition
【详解】句意：我下周要去参加英语演讲比赛。根据语境可知，空处应用名词作介词in的宾语，动词compete“竞争”应变形为名词competition“比赛”。故填competition。
20．help/to help
【详解】句意：如果有人有麻烦，我们应该提供帮助。help“帮助”，既可作动词，也可以作名词。offer用作动词时，其后可接不定式作宾语，offer to do sth.表示“主动做某事”，offer (sb.) sth./offer sth. (to sb.)表示“(向某人) 提供某物”。故填help/to help。
21．communication
【详解】句意：我们讨论了一下语言和交流。分析句子结构可知，空处与名词languages“语言”并列，作介词on的宾语，空处应用名词，动词communicate“交流”应变形为名词communication“交流”。故填communication。
22．comparing
【详解】句意：妈妈们总是拿孩子和别人做比较，这太疯狂了。空前面的on是介词，这里需用动名词，compare意为“比较”，其动名词为comparing。故填comparing。
23．development
【详解】句意：许多外国人对中国的快速发展感到惊讶。分析句子可知，rapid迅速的，形容词，形容词修饰名词作定语；develop发展，动词，其名词形式为development，意为“发展”，抽象名词不可数。故填development。
24．copying
【详解】句意：他自己解决了这个问题而不是抄别人的答案。instead of“代替，而不是”，后面加动名词。copy“抄袭”，其动名词为copying。故填copying。
25．offered
【详解】句意：我妈妈昨天提出带我去博物馆。offer“提供，给予”，根据“ yesterday”可知，句子用一般过去时，所以此时动词offer应用其过去式offered。故填offered。
26．allows her to play
【详解】“允许某人做某事”用动词短语allow sb to do sth，句子应用一般现在时，主语Her mother为第三人称单数，谓语要用动词allow的三单形式allows，“她”应用人称代词的宾格her，“玩电脑游戏”是动词短语play computer games。故填allows her to play。
27．allow eating
【详解】allow doing sth“允许做某事”，句子前有助动词don’t，后跟动词原形；eat“吃饭”。故填allow；eating。
28．Instead
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“相反”，英文表达为instead，副词，在句中作状语，句首首字母要大写。故填Instead。
29． instead of
【详解】由中英文对照分析，空白处用instead of表示“而不是”，of为介词后跟动名词，故填instead；of。
30． to do
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“做”，英文表达为do；再根据汉意和题干可知，花500元的目的是为了雇他做这份工作，故此处要用不定式表示目的。故填to；do。
31． offered/offer to do
【详解】分析所给信息可知此处要用到句型offer to do sth“主动做某事”，该句可用一般现在时或一般过去时。do the dishes“洗碗”。故填offered/offer；to；do。
32．offers
【详解】根据语境可知，offer“提供”，动词，事情为现在的状态，时态为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填offers。
33． so that
【详解】句意：为了早点回家，他坐了飞机。in order to do sth“为了做某事”，可以替换成so that引导的目的状语从句，故填so；that。
34． so that
【详解】句意：这个男人是足够强壮的能够搬动那个大箱子。变为同义句，enough...to do...的结构可用so...that...“如此……以致于……”来替换。so...that...引导结果状语从句，that后接从句。故填so；that。
35． so that
【详解】句意：他起得很早。结果，他赶上了早班车。根据“As a result”可知，空后跟的从句表结果，所以此处应填so that引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。
36．need 37．have learned/have learnt 38．made 39．am trying 40．will improve/am going to improve 41．to know 42．helping
【导语】本文是玛丽给Miss Smith写的一封信，信中讲述了自己学英语时遇到的问题，希望Miss Smith给自己一些建议。
36．句意：我有个问题，我需要你的帮助。根据“have”可知，时态是一般现在时，and连接的两个简单句时态应保持一致，所以空处用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形，故填need。
37．句意：我学英语已经大约一年了。根据“ for about a year”可知，时态应是现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，learn的过去分词是learned/learnt。故填have learned/learnt。
38．句意：我很抱歉我在上周的考试中犯了很多错误。根据“last week.”可知，讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以空处用make的过去式made。故填made。
39．句意：现在我正在努力学习它。根据Now可知，时态是现在进行时，主语是I，be动词用am，try的现在分词是trying，故填am trying。
40．句意：我希望我的英语能很快提高。根据soon可知，时态是一般将来时，结构为will do/be going to do；故填will improve/am going to improve。
41．句意：我想知道怎样学好英语。want to do sth“想要做某事”，空处用动词不定式，故填to know。
42．句意：非常感谢你对我的帮助。for是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语。故填helping。
43．What’s wrong /What’s the matter with you /What’s the trouble with you /What’s up 44．Why is he angry with you /Why 45．Why don’t you call him up /Why not call him up 46．It sounds like a good idea./Sounds like a good idea./Good idea. 47．You’re welcome./That’s all right./Not at all./It’s my pleasure.
【分析】这是约翰和贝蒂之间的对话。对话中，贝蒂关心地询问约翰的状况并就约翰的问题给出一些建议。
43．根据“You look upset.”可知，此处询问某人的状况。故填What’s wrong /What’s the matter with you /What’s the trouble with you /What’s up
44．根据“Because I forgot to tell him there was an important meeting today.”可知，此处询问格林先生生气的原因。故填Why is he angry with you /Why
45．根据“Call him up ”可知，此处建议约翰给格林先生打电话。故填Why don’t you call him up /Why not call him up
46．根据“I’ll have a try.”可知，约翰认同贝蒂的建议。故填It sounds like a good idea./Sounds like a good idea./Good idea.
47．根据“Thanks for your advice.”可知，此处表示“不用谢”或“别客气”。故填You’re welcome./That’s all right./Not at all./It’s my pleasure.
48．B 49．A 50．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Jim的烦恼以及Dr. Green给出的建议。
48．细节理解题。根据“She doesn’t always understand what I’m trying to say.”可知，Jim认为他和母亲没有共同语言，言外之意是交流有困难。故选B。
49．词句猜测题。根据“It’s common for kids to have trouble talking with parents, and talkative mothers are not new to teenagers.”可知，Jim的母亲爱唠叨，因此“nagging”意为“唠叨”，故选A。
50．细节理解题。根据“Kids should learn to understand and care about parents.”可知，Jim应该学会理解和关爱他的母亲。故选B。
51．more lonely 52．choose friends 53．Because these suggestions might not work for everyone. 54．What to do if you don’t feel popular 55．为自己做一些特别的事。
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何使自己受欢迎的建议。
51．根据“The worst feeling is staying at home alone, because it makes you feel even more lonely.”可知，呆在家里会让你感觉更孤独，故填more lonely。
52．根据“Choose friends carefully, not just because you think they’re popular.”可知，选择朋友要谨慎，故填choose friends。
53．根据“These suggestions（建议）might not work for everyone.”可知，作者认为这些建议可能并不适用于每个人。故填Because these suggestions might not work for everyone.
54．根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了如何使自己受欢迎的建议。故填What to do if you don’t feel popular
55．Do做；something special一些特别的事；for yourself为你自己。故填：为自己做一些特别的事。
56．例文
Dear Tony,
I'm sorry to hear that you have problems with classmates. I'm glad to help you.Here are some suggestions for you.
First, when you have difficulties, you should talk to your parents, your teachers or your friends and share your sadness and happiness with them. They will help you solve the problem.
Second, when you get along with your friends, you are supposed to respect them.
Third, you should be friendly to people around you. You can help each other.
Last but not least, you have to be honest to your friends. Then you will make more friends.
I hope everything will go well with you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本文的写作要求是一封电子邮件。首先，对于朋友在交友过程中遇到难题表示歉意。用情态动词提建议，最后希望能交到跟多朋友。然后，分步骤给出另外四个建议处理和同学们的关系。最后希望一切会好起来。
【详解】本文对于在和同学们交往中遇到的问题提出建议，分四步给出合理建议，最后指出对朋友要诚实，并希望能够交到更多朋友。用到的短语有：share sth. with sb.；get along with和……相处；be supposed to do应该做某事和Last but not least等，使得文章丰富多彩；长短句搭配合理。
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