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Unit7 The unknown world
知识点梳理
一、词形转换
1. receive v. 收到 receiver n.接受者也 2. loud adj. 响亮的;大声的 loudly adv.大声地 3. explore v.探索 exploration n.探测;探究 explorer n.抢险者;勘探者 4. frightened adj. 惊吓的;害怕的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的 frighten v. 使惊吓 discover v.发现;找到:发觉 discovery n. 探索;发现 discoverer n.发现者 5. terrible adj.可怕的；非常讨厌的 terribly adv.可怕地 7. fear n. 害怕;惧怕 fearful adj.害怕的 fearless adj. 无畏的 8. wonder v. 想知道; wonderful adj. 精彩的 9. explain v.解释;说明 explanation n.解释 10. pleased adj. 高兴;满意;愉快的 please v. 使.高兴 pleasing adj.令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的 pleasure n. 高兴;满意 11. break v.打碎;打破 broken adj. 破碎的；坏掉的 12. follow v.跟随 following adj.下面的；接着的
二、重点短语
1. be pleased/satisfied/ happy with对…感到满意 2. because of 因为(+名词/动词的ing形式) 3. as soon as possible尽快 4. believe in信任; 依赖 5. at the beginning在……开始 6.in为介词，意为“处于…中”，短语如下: in fear处于恐惧中 in danger处于危险中 in trouble处于麻烦中 7. agree with sb. 同意某人. 8. mention sth. To sb. 向某人提起某事 9. at around 7p.m.. 大约晚上7点钟， 10. a broken power line一条损坏的电线 11. explore the forest探索森林 12. separate..from... 把…与…分开 13. refuse to do... 拒绝做… 14. the lost astronauts迷路的宇航员 15. be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事
in silence安静地 in worry在忧虑中 in surprise惊讶之中 16. fly through the sky从空中飞过 17. look out of朝外看 18. run away逃跑
三、重点句型
1. They heard some voices speaking a strange language. 他们听到了说着陌生语言的声音。 2. Tina mentioned it to her brother, Tom. 蒂娜向她的兄弟汤姆提及了这件事情。 3. The spaceship was damaged because of a crash. 因为碰撞，宇宙飞船受损。 4. There was something written on the spaceship. 有一些东西被写在宇宙飞船上。 5. Tina woke up at midnight. 午夜，蒂娜醒来了。 6. We received some messages from aliens about ten years ago. 我们大约十年前收到了来自外星人的些信息。 7. The children were frightened. 孩子们很害怕。 8. Since no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you. 既然没有其它人看见这些外星人，我拒绝相信你们。
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．She ________ a gift from her friend, but she didn’t ________ it.
A．received; receive B．received; accept
C．accepted; accept D．accepted; receive
2．—I saw that there was a little boy ________ alone on the playground.
—________.
A．play; So do I B．playing; So did I C．played; So did I D．plays; So do I
3．Miss Chen told us ________ late for school.
A．not to B．don’t to C．not to be D．don’t be
4．________ we all know, the Earth goes around the Sun.
A．Because B．Because of C．As D．For
5．________ being satisfied with the service, I don’t complain about it at all.
A．Because B．Because of C．Since D．As
6．________ the coat is not expensive at all, I can’t afford it.
A．Because B．If C．Until D．Although
7．Attention! I heard a little girl ________ over there.
A．shouting B．shout C．shouted D．shouts
8．The story was so ________ that all of us felt ________ of it.
A．frighten；frightened B．frightened；frightening
C．frighting；frighted D．frightening；frightened
9．Do you wonder ________
A．why did he steal my wallet B．how he passed the exam
C．what does it mean D．where will she go
10．— I think in the future people will use phones or computers instead of books.
— _________. Books will never disappear.
A．So do I B．I think you’re right C．I think so D．I disagree
二、单词拼写
11．I am an a . I am traveling to the moon in a spacecraft.
12．The motive for the killing is u .
13．She s a towel on the sand and lay on it.
14．Don’t you think it’s cruel to cage a c up
15．They lost their way in the d and died of thirst.
16．Men venture their lives in space e (explore).
17．Why do you keep all the k (knife) with the forks I separate mine.
18．This is the new d (discover) in science.
19．I’m t (terrible) sorry — I had no idea you felt that way.
20．Every single house in town had been d (damage).
三、完成句子
21．当他醒来的时候，他看到他的母亲正在做饭。
When he , he found his mother cooking.
22．听音乐会的时候请保持安静。
Please when you listen to a concert．
23．由于天气原因我们不得不取消这次旅行。
We have to cancel the trip the weather.
24．她拒绝去说谎，因此她妈妈很高兴。
She tell a lie, so her mother was pleased with her.
25．他同意了我的看法并支持我。
He me and supported me.
26．请尽快把这些书还给玛丽。她可能需要它们。
Please return the books to Mary . She may need them.
27．wonder, always, I, these, sick, days, why, I, get (.)
.
28．am, it, going, tomorrow, I, rain, is, sure, to (.)
.
29．believe, your, dream, as, your, come, that, long, you, true, try, I, best, as, will (.)
.
四、选词填空
用方框中所给短语的适当形式完成句子。
power line, make a terrible noise, disagree with, landing site, in fear
30．The tiger was shot by the hunter and , which sounded like being full of anger.
31．I’m sorry that I you because I have a different plan.
32．There are a lot of planes in the new .
33．She described what she had seen to me .
34．Be careful not to step on these , or you may get burned.
五、语法选择
James is in Grade 9 at a junior high school. He has lots of friends, but he also has a problem. Some older boys are bullying him. James is very upset and he doesn’t know what to do about it. I want to give some 35 to James and 36 teenagers in this situation.
Bullying is not very common in schools. However, everyone should know something about 37 to deal with this problem.
Most importantly, don’t feel ashamed if you get 38 . It’s not your fault! 39 can make you feel very lonely and angry, 40 you are not alone. Don’t feel that you have to hide the problem. Find a person you can trust, and tell him or her. This might be a teacher or your parents. After 41 someone, you will get some support and feel 42 .
Speaking to 43 adult might make you feel nervous, but there are other things you can do. Some people express their feelings 44 on paper. Write a letter to someone or keep a dairy. 45 all the details about what the bullies do, as well as when and where the bullying 46 . You can use it as evidence to prove 47 . Show your letter or diary to a teacher or another responsible adult. The bullies 48 very afraid if their names appear in a letter!
Also, don’t show you’re upset and don’t try and fight with the bullies. You can get in trouble yourself. Ignore them and walk away. The bullies will soon 49 .
35．A．suggestion B．advice C．idea D．instruction
36．A．the other B．other C．another D．others
37．A．how B．what C．when D．where
38．A．bully B．to bully C．bullied D．bullying
39．A．Bullying B．Being bullied C．Bully D．Be bullied
40．A．but B．and C．although D．however
41．A．tell B．to tell C．telling D．you told
42．A．awful B．good C．better D．worse
43．A．a B．an C．the D．some
44．A．easier B．easilier C．more easy D．more easily
45．A．Include B．Including C．Includes D．Included
46．A．happen B．is happened C．happens D．is taken place
47．A．is what going on B．what to going on C．how is going on D．what is going on
48．A．feel B．felt C．will feel D．are feeling
49．A．get away B．get down C．get out of D．get along
六、阅读理解
I’ve loved my mother’s desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat doing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world.
Years later, during her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother. “But the desk,” she would say again, “it’s for Elizabeth.”
I never saw her be angry, and never saw her cry. I knew she loved me — she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.
They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional（易动感情的）”. But she lived “on the surface（表面）”.
As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive（原谅）me.
I posted the letter and waited for her answer. None came.
My hope turned to disappointment（失望）, then little interest and, finally, peace — it seemed that nothing happened. I couldn’t be sure that the letter had even got to mother. I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.
Now the present of her desk told, as she’d never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside — a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded（折叠）and refolded many times.
Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words.
50．The writer began to love her mother’s desk ______.
A．after Mother died
B．before she became a writer
C．when she was a child
D．when Mother gave it to her
51．The passage shows that ______.
A．mother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter
B．mother was too serious about everything her daughter had done
C．mother cared much about her daughter in words
D．mother wrote to her daughter in careful words
52．The word “gulf” in the passage means ______.
A．deep understanding between the old and the young
B．different ideas between the mother and the daughter
C．free talks between mother and daughter
D．part of the sea going far in land
53．What did mother do with her daughter’s letter asking forgiveness
A．She had never received the letter.
B．For years, she often talked about the letter.
C．She didn’t forgive her daughter at all in all her life.
D．She read the letter again and again till she died.
54．What’s the best title of the passage
A．My Letter to Mother
B．Mother and Children
C．My Mother’s Desk
D．Talks Between Mother and Me
Barbara McClintock was one of the most important scientists of the twentieth century. She made important discoveries about genes（基因）and chromosomes（染色体）.
Barbara McClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her family moved to the Brooklyn area of New York City in 1908. Barbara was an active child with interests in sports and music. She also developed an interest in science.
She studied science at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to receive training in genetics in 1921. Years later, she noted that few college students wanted to study genetics.
Barbara McClintock decided to study botany, the scientific study of plants, at Cornell University. She completed her undergraduate studies in 1923. McClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell. She completed a master’s degree in 1925. Two years later, she finished all her requirements for a doctorate degree.
McClintock stayed at Cornell after she completed her education. She taught students botany. The 1930s was not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States. The country was in the middle of the great economic Depression. Millions of Americans were unemployed. Male scientists were offered jobs. But female geneticists were not much in demand.
An old friend from Cornell, Marcus Rhoades, invited McClintock to spend the summer of 1941 working at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. It is a research center on Long Island, near New York City. McClintock started a temporary（临时的） job with the genetics department. A short time later, she accepted a permanent（永久的） position in the laboratory. This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid.
By the 1970s, her discoveries have had an effect on everything from genetic engineering to cancer research. McClintock won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes. She was the first American woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize.
55．When did McClintock get a doctorate degree
A．In 1921 B．In 1923 C．In 1925 D．In 1927
56．During the great economic Depression in the US, ________.
A．young scientists had trouble finding a job B．female geneticists were not wanted at all
C．male geneticists were in great demand D．male scientists were out of work
57．Which of the following jobs may be most beneficial to McClintock’s research
A．The job as a botany teacher. B．The temporary job in the genetics department.
C．The permanent position in the laboratory. D．The job to research cancer
58．McClintock was awarded a Nobel Prize because of ________.
A．her research in botany
B．her contribution to genetic engineering
C．her discoveries about genes and chromosomes
D．her unshared work in the laboratory.
59．The text is likely to appear in ______________.
A．a biography B．a history paper
C．a comic strip D． a science fiction
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第2页，共1页
《Unit7 The unknown world 知识点梳理 提升训练 -- 沪教牛津版 八年级英语下册》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B C C B D A D B D
题号 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
答案 B B A C B A C C B D
题号 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
答案 A C D C A C A B D C
题号 55 56 57 58 59
答案 D A C C A
1．B
【详解】句意：她收到朋友送的礼物，但她没有接受它。
考查动词辨析。accept 是主观接受；receive是客观上接收，她客观上收到朋友的礼物，但是主观上没有接受。根据“didn’t”可知，receive的动作发生在过去，第一空要用received；didn’t后跟动词原形，第二空要用accept。故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：——我看见了有个小男孩独自在操场上玩。——我也是。
考查非谓语。第一空动词应用现在分词作定语，意思是看到某人正在做某事。排除ACD选项。故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：陈老师告诉我们上学不要迟到。
考查非谓语动词。根据tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”可知，此处应用不定式的否定形式；再根据be late for“迟到”是固定短语可知，此处be不能省略。故选C。
4．C
【详解】句意：我们都知道，地球绕着太阳转。
考查连词。Because因为；Because of因为；As正如，如同；For因为。根据“... we all know”可知，此处应用as，表示“正如我们所知”，as在此引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。故选C。
5．B
【详解】句意：因为对于服务很满意，所以我一点都没有抱怨。
考查连词。根据“being satisfied with the service”可知，横线之后是一组短语，不是句子，排除ACD三个选项。故选B。
6．D
【详解】句意：虽然这个外套一点也不贵，但我买不起。
考查从属连词辨析。because因为；if如果；until直到；although虽然。根据“the coat is not expensive at all, I can’t afford it.”可知句子前后为转折让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。
7．A
【详解】句意：注意！我听到一个小女孩在那边喊。
考查非谓语动词。短语hear sb doing sth表示“听到某人在做某事”，短语hear sb do sth表示“听到某人做某事”，表示全过程，根据attention可知，语境表示当前正在发生的动作，应用现在分词形式。故选A。
8．D
【详解】句意：这个故事太恐怖了，我们所有人都对它感到恐惧。
考查形容词作表语。frighten使恐惧，动词原形；frightened感到恐惧的，害怕的，形容词；frightening令人恐惧的，可怕的，形容词；frighting无此词；frighted无此词。be动词was后接形容词作表语，主语为The story，此处应用形容词frightening来表示故事太“令人恐惧”了；感官动词felt后接形容词作表语，主语为all of us，此处应用形容词frightened表示大家都感到恐惧了。故选D。
9．B
【详解】句意：你想知道他是如何通过考试的吗？
考查how引导的宾语从句。why did he steal my wallet错误表达，从句应用陈述语序；how he passed the exam他如何通过考试；what does it mean错误表达，从句应用陈述语序；where will she go错误表达，从句应用陈述语序。根据“Do you wonder”可知后接宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，结合选项，此处应用how引导宾语从句。故选B。
10．D
【详解】句意：——我认为在未来人们将使用电话或电脑而不是书籍。——我不同意。书永远不会消失。
考查情景交际。So do I我也是；I think you’re right我认为你是对的；I think so我想是的；I disagree我不同意。根据“Books will never disappear.”可知，不同意对方的看法，故选D。
11．(a)stronaut
【详解】句意：我是一个宇航员。我乘坐宇宙飞船前往月球。根据“I am traveling to the moon in a spacecraft.”可知，我的职业应当是宇航员，an后加名词单数astronaut“宇航员”。故填(a)stronaut。
12．(u)nknown
【详解】句意：杀人动机尚不清楚。根据“The motive for the killing is ...”及首字母可知，此处指杀人的动机是未知的；unknown“未知的”，形容词作表语。故填(u)nknown。
13．(s)pread
【详解】句意：她把一条毛巾铺在沙子上，然后躺在上面。根据“a towel on the sand and lay on it”及首字母s可知此处应用动词spread表示“铺，展开”，根据“lay”可知句子采用一般过去时，动词spread的过去式为spread。故填(s)pread。
14．(c)reature
【详解】句意：你不觉得把一个生物关在笼子里很残忍吗？根据a可知，此处是一个名词，且用单数形式；再根据“it’s cruel to cage a ... up”及首字母可知，关在笼子里的应是动物，creature“生物，动物”符合语境。故填(c)reature。
15．(d)esert
【详解】句意：他们在沙漠里迷路了，最终死于口渴。根据“died of thirst.”可知，应当是在非常干燥的环境中，应用沙漠，desert“沙漠”。故填(d)esert。
16．(e)xploration
【详解】句意：人们冒着生命危险去太空探险。explore“探险”，动词；此处指“太空探险”，space在句中是作定语修饰其后的名词，所以空处应用其名词形式exploration表示“探险”。故填(e)xploration。
17．(k)nives
【详解】句意：你为什么把所有的小刀和叉子都放在一起？我把我的分开。根据“all”以及“with the forks”可知，空处要用knife的复数形式。故填(k)nives。
18．(d)iscovery
【详解】句意：这是科学上的新发现。根据“This is the new ... in science.”可知，此处要填单数名词；再根据首字母和所给词可知，discover的名词discovery“发现”符合句意。故填(d)iscovery。
19．(t)erribly
【详解】句意：我非常抱歉，我不知道你有这种感觉。分析句子可知，空处要用副词作状语修饰sorry，terrible的副词形式是去e加-ly。故填(t)erribly。
20．(d)amaged
【详解】句意：镇上的每一栋房子都被损坏了。主语house与动词damage存在被动关系，根据“had been”可知句子采用过去完成时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：had been+过去分词，动词damage的过去分词为damaged。故填(d)amaged。
21． woke up
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处是短语wake up“醒来”。结合“found”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填woke；up。
22． keep quiet
【详解】keep quiet“保持安静”，此处是祈使句的肯定形式，第一空填动词原形，故填keep；quiet。
23． because of
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“由于”，英文表达为because of，介词短语。故填because；of。
24． refused to
【详解】refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”，不定式作宾语。根据“was”可知，本句是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填refused；to。
25． agreed with
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，agree with sb.“同意某人的观点”。结合“supported”可知，此处是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填agreed；with。
26． as soon/quickly as possible
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“尽快”，英文表达为as soon/quickly as possible，在句中作状语。故填as；soon/quickly；as；possible。
27．I wonder why I always get sick these days
【详解】I wonder是主句；why引导宾语从句；I作从句的主语，get sick是系表结构，always是频率副词，放在动词get前；these days是时间状语，放在句末，故填I wonder why I always get sick these days“我不知道为什么这些天我总是生病”。
28．I am sure it is going to rain tomorrow
【详解】根据标点符号“.”可知该句为陈述句。分析所给单词，I作主语，am作谓语，sure作表语，后接省略引导词that引导的宾语从句，it作从句的主语，is going to rain作从句的谓语，tomorrow作从句的时间状语。故答案为：I am sure it is going to rain tomorrow.“我很确定明天会下雨”。
29．I believe that your dream will come true as long as you try your best
【详解】此句是一个主从复合句，I believe是主句，that引导的是宾语从句；as long as引导的是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，your dream“你的梦想”是条件状语从句的主语；will come true“将会实现”，是谓语；try your best“尽全力”，是从句的谓语，故填I believe that your dream will come true as long as you try your best“我相信只要你努力，你的梦想就会实现”。
30．made a terrible noise 31．disagree with 32．landing site 33．in fear 34．power lines
【解析】30．句意：老虎被猎人射中，发出可怕的声音，听起来像是充满了愤怒。根据“which sounded”及备选词汇可知，此处指老虎被射中后发出了声音，故make a terrible noise“发出可怕的声音”符合语境。结合“was”可知，时态是一般过去时，make用其过去式。故填made a terrible noise。
31．句意：很抱歉我不同意你的意见，因为我有不同的计划。根据“because I have a different plan”及备选词汇可知，因为有不同的计划，所以不同意对方的意见。disagree with sb.“不同意某人的意见”，本句是一般现在时，主语是第一人称，谓语动词用其原形。故填disagree with。
32．句意：新的着陆场有很多飞机。空格处缺少地点名词，此处指着陆场有很多飞机，故landing site“着陆场”符合语境。故填landing site。
33．句意：她恐惧地向我描述了她所看到的一切。空格处应为状语，根据备选词汇可知，in fear“在恐惧中，恐惧地”符合语境，指恐惧地向“我”描述。故填in fear。
34．句意：小心不要踩到这些电线，否则你可能会被烧伤。空格处缺少名词作宾语，power line“电线”符合语境，因被these修饰，line用其复数形式。故填power lines。
35．B 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A 41．C 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．A
【导语】本文主要讲青少年当中的霸凌事件，当遇到这样的事情的时候，可以选择和成年人说，也可以写下来。
35．句意：在这种情况下，我想给詹姆斯和其他青少年一些建议。
suggestion建议，可数名词；advice建议，不可数名词；idea主意；instruction指示。根据下文“Speaking to...but there are other things you can do.”及“Also, don’t show you’re upset and don’t try and fight with the bullies”可知，这里指作者要给出一些建议，再结合空前“some”及选项可知，只能用advice来填空。故选B。
36．句意：在这种情况下，我想给詹姆斯和其他青少年一些建议。
the other特指两者中的另一个；other别的，其他的；another另一个；others其他人员，其后不接名词。根据本句“I want to give some...teenagers in this situation.”可知，作者想给詹姆斯和其他青少年一些建议。故选B。
37．句意：然而，每个人都应该知道如何处理这个问题。
how如何；what什么；when何时；where何地。根据“However, everyone should know...to deal with this problem.”可知，此处指每个人都应该知道如何处理这个问题。故选A。
38．句意：最重要的是，如果你被欺负了，不要感到羞愧。
bully欺凌，动词原形；to bully欺凌，动词不定式；bullied欺凌，动词的过去分词/过去式；bullying欺凌，动名词/现在分词。根据“don’t feel ashamed if you get”可知，对你来说是被欺凌，用被动语态，故空处填动词的过去分词。故选C。
39．句意：被欺负了会让你感到非常孤独和愤怒，但是你并不孤单。
Bullying欺凌，动名词/现在分词；Being bullied被欺负，动名词的被动语态；Bully欺凌，动词原形；Be bullied被欺负，被动语态。分析句子结构可知，句子缺主语，应用动名词，可排除选项C、D；“你”和“霸凌”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，可排除选项A。故选B。
40．句意：被欺负了会让你感到非常孤独和愤怒，但是你并不孤单。
but但是；and和；although尽管；however然而。根据“Being bullied can make you feel very lonely and angry”和“you are not alone.”可知，两句之间是转折关系，再通过分析句子结构可知，空后无逗号，所以不能用副词however，只能连词but。故选A。
41．句意：在告诉某人之后，你将会获得支持并感到更好受一些。
tell告诉，动词原形；to tell告诉，动词不定式；telling告诉，动名词/现在分词；you told你告诉。“After”作介词时，其后接动名词，可排除选项A、B；“After”作连词时，根据“you will get some support”可知，主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句应用一般现在时，可排除选项D。故选C。
42．句意：在告诉某人之后，你将会获得支持并感到更好受一些。
awful糟糕的；good好的；better更好的；worse更差的。根据“After telling someone, you will get some support”可知，应是更好受一些。故选C。
43．句意：对一个成年人说可能会让你感到紧张，但是你还可以做其他事情。
a一个，放在辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，放在元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词表特指；some一些。根据“adult”是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头。故选B。
44．句意：有些人在纸上表达他们的情感更容易些。
easier更容易的；easilier语法错误；more easy语法错误；more easily更容易地。根据“Some people express their...on paper.”可知，空处应填副词比较级修饰动词“express”。故选D。
45．句意：包括欺凌的所有细节，以及欺凌发生的时间和地点。
Include包括，动词原形；Including包括，介词；Includes包括，动词三单形；Included包括，动词过去分词/包括在内的，形容词。根据“Write a letter to someone or keep a dairy.”可知，本句也是祈使句，用于给出建议，故空处填动词原形。故选A。
46．句意：包括欺凌的所有细节，以及欺凌发生的时间和地点。
happen发生，动词原形；is happened语法错误；happens发生，动词三单形；is taken place语法错误。文章主体时态为一般现在时，故空处也应用一般现在时，主语是“the bullying”，故应用动词三单形。故选C。
47．句意：你可以用它作为证据来证明发生了什么。
is what going on语法错误；what to going on语法错误；how is going on如何发生；what is going on发生了什么。根据“You can use it as evidence to prove”可知，你可以用它作为证据来证明发生了什么。故选D。
48．句意：恶霸会害怕，如果他们的名字出现在信里。
feel感觉，动词原形；felt感觉，动词过去式/过去分词；will feel将感觉，一般将来时；are feeling正在感受，现在进行时。根据“if their names appear in a letter!”可知，条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时。故选C。
49．句意：欺凌事件将很快就会消失。
get away离开；get down下来，弯下；get out of摆脱，逃避，后要接宾语；get along相处。根据“Ignore them and walk away. The bullies will soon”可知，此处指欺凌事件将很快就会消失。故选A。
50．C 51．A 52．B 53．D 54．C
【分析】本文主要讲了作者从小就喜欢母亲的书桌，她和母亲之间从未有过心与心的交谈，因此她们之间有代沟。作者成年后，给母亲写信希望她原谅她，但一直没有收到回信，母亲在最后时刻把书桌留给了作者，作者深刻地感受到母亲表面上很冷酷，实际上内心很体贴自己的女儿。
50．C
推理判断题。根据I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat doing letters.可知作者在小时候就喜爱母亲的书桌，故选C。
51．A
推理判断题。根据But she lived “on the surface ”. 和全文内容可知，作者的母亲表面上很冷漠，但心里充满了对作者的爱，故选A。
52．B
词义猜测题。根据I was “too emotional”. But she lived “on the surface”. 可知此词是指两人之间不同的看法和观点，应选B。
53．D
推理判断题。根据…a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times. 可知作者请求母亲原谅的那封信，被母亲折叠了很多次，故推断被母亲读了很多次，应选D。
54．C
标题归纳题。根据文章的开头I’ve loved my mother’s desk…以及后面的Now the present of her desk told, as she’d never been able to…可知作者喜欢母亲的书桌，现在是母亲给他的礼物，看见书桌想念母亲，故全文围绕着母亲的书桌展开的，故选C。
【点睛】认真阅读题干，根据题干要求在文中寻找答案所在的语句和段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题4，根据… a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times. 可知作者请求母亲原谅的那封信，被母亲折叠了很多次，故推断被母亲读了很多次，应选D。
55．D 56．A 57．C 58．C 59．A
【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了著名的女科学家Barbara McClintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。
55．句意：McClintock什么时候获得的博士学位？—在1927年。
根据文章第四段第二、三、四行She completed her undergraduate studies in 1923. McClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell. She completed a master’s degree in 1925. Two years later, she finished all her requirements for a doctorate degree可知，她在1927年获得的博士学位，故答案选D。
56．句意：在美国经济大萧条期间，年轻的科学家找工作很困难。
根据文章倒数第三段第三、四行Millions of Americans were unemployed. Male scientists were offered jobs. But female geneticists were not much in demand。可知，C，D文中没有提及，故答案选A。
57．句意：以下哪项工作对麦克林托克的研究最有利？—实验室的永久职位。
根据倒数第二段最后一句A short time later, she accepted a permanent（永久的） position in the laboratory. This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid. 可知，应该是实验室的永久职位，故答案选C。
58．句意：麦克林托克获诺贝尔奖因为她关于基因和染色体的发现。
根据最后一段第二、三行McClintock won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes.可知，是因为发现基因和染色体而获诺贝尔奖，故答案选C。
59．句意：这篇文章最可能出现在人物传记中。
主旨题。全文均在介绍Barbara McClintock的生平履历及成就，可知这篇文章最有可能出现在人物传记中，故答案选A。
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