资源简介

Unit 8 A green world
知识点梳理
Welcome to the unit
1. plant breadfruit trees种面包果树
2. be good / bad for...对 ...... 有好处（坏处）
3. like digging in the garden喜欢在花园里挖
4. care about the Earth关心地球
5. how to go green如何绿色化
6. reduce air pollution by riding bicycles通过骑自行车减少空气污染
7. save water by taking shorter showers通过缩短淋浴时间节省水
8. save energy by turning off the lights通过关灯节省能源
9. protect the environment by recycling waste通过回收废料保护环境
10. live a green life过绿色生活
11. used to drive me to school过去经常开车送我去上学
12. take the underground坐地铁
13. cause serious air pollution 导致严重的空气污染 14. remember to turn off the lights 记住关灯
15. It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.
对于人们来说选择公共交通或骑自行车是明智的。
16. Will more trees be planted this year 今年更多的树会被种植吗？/今年会种更多树吗？ 17. Are you serious 你是认真的吗？
18. It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.
对人们而言选择公共交通工具或者骑自行车是明智的。
19. I think we can take shorter showers to save water.
我认为我们可以洗更短时间的澡来节约用水。
20. And we should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room.
并且我们应该记住当我们离开房间的时候把灯关掉。
Reading
1.a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes 有高山和干净的蓝色湖的一个国家
2. try to keep it that way尽力让它保持那样
3. separate...into different groups把......分成不同小组
4.learn about an organization for recycling clothes了解一个回收衣服的组织
5. collect old clothes from all over the country收集全国的旧衣服
6. sell some of the clothes in charity shops其中的一些衣服放在慈善商店出售
7.have many laws to protect the environment有许多法律来保护环境
8.be not allowed to cut down trees不允许砍伐树木
9.drop litter in a public place在公共场所丢垃
10.be fined by the police被警察罚款
11. limit air and water pollution限制空气和水污染
12.our greatest treasure我们最大的财富
13.depend on its rich resources to live依靠其丰富烦人资源而生存
14.protect nature wisely理智地保护大自然
15.start to use energy from the sun, wind and water开始使用太阳能，风能和水能
17. these new types of energy这些新型能源
18. cost little花费少（成本低）
19. run out用完，耗尽
20. produce little pollution很少产生污染
21. do sth. for the environment为保护环境多点事
22. make a difference to sb/ sth对......有影响； 对......起作用
23. It is beautiful,and we should try to keep it that way.它很美，我们应当设法保持它那个样子。
24. In Switzerland,things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled.
在瑞士，像玻璃，塑料和纸之类的东西被分成不同的类别，然后回收。
25. Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled. 甚至旧衣服和鞋也被回收。
26. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops,some are given to the poor,and others are sent to factories for
recycling.
其中一些衣服在慈善商店被卖掉，一些被送给穷人，其它的被送到工厂回收利用。
27. My family and I often send our old jeans and T-shirts to this organization.
我的家人和我经常把我们的旧牛仔裤和 T 恤衫送到这个机构。
28. Our government has many laws to protect the environment. 我们的政府有很多法律保护环 29. For example,we are not allowed to cut down trees.Otherwise,we will be punished.
例如，我们不允许砍树。否则，我们将会受到惩罚。
30. If we drop litter in a public place,we will be fined by the police.
如果我们在公共场所扔垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。
31. There are also laws to limit air and water pollution. 也会有法律控制空气和水污染。 32. Nature is our greatest treasure. 自然是我们最大的财富。 33. We depend on its rich resources to live,so it is important for us to protect it wisely.
我们依靠它的丰富资源生存，因此对我们而言明智的保护它是重要的。
34. Luckily,we are starting to use energy from the sun,wind and water.
幸运的是，我们正在开始使用来自太阳，风和水的能源。
35. These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.
这些新型能源花费很少的钱同时从不会用完。
36. Moreover,they produce little pollution. 此外，它们几乎不产生污染。
37. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!
记住每个人都能够做些(对保护环境）有益的事情。
Grammar:
38. throw rubbish into...; rubbish is thrown into 把垃圾扔进...
39. pollute lakes and rivers ; lakes and rivers are polluted 污染湖泊和河流
40.be filled with pollution: be full of 满是污染
41.act to improve the environment; take action/ do something to improve... 行动起来改善环境
42. living things 生物
43. have a change to think about the world around us有机会考虑我们生活的世界
44. make the world a better place: the world is made to ne a better place 使世界成为更美好的地方
45. As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution. 污染伤害动物和人。
46. Posters will be designed by Sandy. Sandy will design the posters. 海报将由 Sandy 设计。
47. Videos will be displayed at the show. ...will display videos. 在展览中将展示 / 陈列录像。
48. If we work together, we can make the world a better place. 如果我们携起手来，世界将变得更美好。
Integrated skills
49. do a survey on students' daily habits进行关于学生日常习惯的调查
50. take showers for less than ten minutes洗澡少于十分钟
51.use both sides of the paper使用纸的两边
52.recycle empty bottles循环使用空瓶子
53.many more things they can do他们可以做的许多另外的事情
54.reduce dust 减少灰尘
55. be harmful to our health=do harm to our health对我们的健康有害
56. keep soil in place保持水土
57.provide home for animals为动物提供家园
58.Tum off the tap when brushing teeth / when you brush teeth.刷牙时关上水龙头。
59.Our town will look nicer with more trees around..我们镇周围有很多树看起来更美。
Study skills
60. have a wide use for factories 对工厂有广泛的用途
61. be dug up from the ground; dig sth.up from the ground被从地下挖掘上来
62. form coal, oil and natural gas; Coal, oil and natural gas are formed形成煤、石油和天然气.
63.use them wisely; They are used wisely.有智慧地使用它们
64.They are thrown away carelessly. throw them away carelessly 满不在乎地扔掉它们
65. Coal, oil and natural as are not only useful for families, but(also) have a wider use for factories.
煤、石油和天然气不但对家庭有用，而且对工厂有更广泛的用途。
66. It’s time for us to take proper actions to protect our environment.
我们采取正确行动保护我们环境的时间到了。
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．Please the lights when you go out.
A．turn down B．turn up
C．turn on D．turn off
2．More schools in Laiwu ________ to provide children with better education in a few years.
A．built B．are built C．were built D．will be built
3．The car needs checking. It may cause accidents if it _______ soon.
A．won’t check B．won’t be checked
C．doesn’t check D．isn’t checked
4．—Sir, did you see the sign “No Parking”
—Sorry. I didn’t know parking here isn’t ________.
A．prevented B．refused C．allowed D．expected
5．Without enough trees, soil won’t be kept ________. And then sandstorms may happen.
A．in the place B．on place
C．in place D．on the place
6．The young man was seen ________ into a bank by a policeman.
A．to break B．break C．breaks D．broken
7．Will the patient ________ when the doctor ________
A．operate; reaches B．operated; arrives
C．be operated on; arrives D．be operated; gets to
8．These new clothes ________ to the children in the village tomorrow.
A．are sent B．were sent
C．will sent D．will be sent
9．Waste ________ different groups in some countries.
A．is separated into B．are separated into C．is separated to D．are separated to
10．The air ________ is very serious here now. Please stop ________ it.
A．pollute; pollution B．pollution; polluting
C．pollution; to pollute D．pollution; pollution
11．Which of the following is a kind of new energy
A．Coal. B．Oil. C．Gas. D．Wind.
12．These kinds of CD-ROMs ________ in that shop over there. They ________ well.
A．are sold; are sold B．are sold; sell
C．sell; sell D．sell; are sold
13．A report says that the world’s natural gas ________ in the future.
A．will be run out B．will use up C．will run out D．will be cleaned up
14．The poor girl needs an operation. But it will ________ a lot of money.
A．pay B．cost
C．spend D．have
15．A new bike ________ me by my father last week.
A．is buying B．was bought to C．is bought for D．was bought for
二、单词拼写
16．Are there many (不同) between British English and American English
17．The problem is very (严重的).
18．Don’t (产生) too much noise.
19．The hole was (挖) five minutes ago. We can put the young tree in it.
20．Here are the results of the (调查).
21．Our school is (fill) with bad smell because of the pollution from the factory.
22． (limit) the number of waste around is a good way to do with pollution.
23．Hurry up if you want to get there on time. The plane (take) off in five minutes.
24．— When shall we go to watch the football league match (联赛)
— Not until the work (finish) next Saturday.
25．It is said that another two bridges (build) over Changjiang River in the coming three years.
三、短文填空
In general, laws for children are a good thing.
One hundred years ago in industrial countries, children worked 18 h 26 a day in a factory at age seven. The factory owner could beat a child who fell asleep or was not fast e 27 . B 28 parents and teachers could do the same.
Today, there are many laws about children all over the world. Some people think children must obey r 29 or they should be punished. Others do not a 30 . The Eskimos in Alaska almost never punish their children. The parents don’t hit them. If the children go too far, the parents punish them b 31 making fun of them.
Children in other parts of the world are not as l 32 as Eskimo children. American parents can spank （打……臀部） their children at home, but a teacher cannot hit a child in a public school. This is a 33 true in Germany. In contrast（对比）, it is against（违反）the law for anyone to h 34 a child in Sweden. Swedish parents cannot spank their children. The children also have a special government official who works for their r 35 . There is even a plan for children to divorce from their parents though this is not a law yet！
More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment.
Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion b 36 and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost everywhere, and there is no o 37 cost!
Get on a bicycle and r 38 around. You may find something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit(受益) from the enjoyable exercise without p 39 the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.
Folding(折叠) bikes work well for people who ride the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the s 40 on a plane. A folding bike can be p 41 in a case. You can also take a common(普通的) bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for i 42 by getting on airline(航空公司) websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.
Health Benefits of Bicycling:
It helps to p 43 heart diseases.
Bicycling helps to control your weight.
Bicycling can improve your mood(心情).
E 44 like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident.
Bicycling is h 45 than driving.
四、完形填空
There are many ways for us to reduce waste. For 46 , we can reuse paper and plastic bags. We can also recycle newspapers, glass, and cans(易拉罐) to make new things. Here are some useful ways to 47 waste.
Don’t throw away your old batteries(电池). Maybe you do not know that old batteries make the earth 48 . This is because they have poisonous parts in them. So don’t throw away batteries. 49 them together. Try to use rechargeable(充电的) batteries for your games and CD players.
Write on 50 sides of paper. Many people write on only one side of their paper. Why not stop wasting the other side Some students only half the pages of their 51 before getting new ones. Try to use up all the paper. People often give cards on birthdays or festivals. How about trying to 52 e-cards instead
Give off all your unwanted clothes. There are many poor families in China. You may ask your mother to 53 your unwanted clothes. Then you can pass them on to those poor children. You will feel 54 that you are helping someone else. Also, you can ask 55 your friends or relatives want them before throwing them away.
46．A．reason B．example C．use D．people
47．A．produce B．protect C．reduce D．pollute
48．A．dry B．rich C．clean D．dirty
49．A．Throw B．Keep C．Try D．Lose
50．A．every B．both C．all D．one
51．A．exercises B．schoolbags C．notebooks D．papers
52．A．send B．buy C．receive D．waste
53．A．like B．sell C．throw D．collect
54．A．angry B．tired C．moved D．happy
55．A．that B．if C．though D．what
五、阅读理解
Many people do not know anything about the Earth Day. They have no idea about what the Earth Day is or how to make our world a safer and cleaner place. For a long time San Francisco had more smog（烟雾）than any other city in America. Because of this, and in order to solve the pollution problem and protect the people in the city, the first Earth Day was made on April 22, 1970 in San Francisco. It is hard to imagine that in 1972 only 36 percent of America’s lakes and streams were safe to fish and swim in. Today more than 60 percent are fit for swimming and fishing.
Since the creation of the Earth Day, millions of people around the world have done things every day to save resources, to protect our living environment and to create a better world for our children.
56．What was San Francisco’s problem before 1970
A．Its soil. B．Its unsafe environment. C．Its heavy smog. D．Its population.
57．The number of badly polluted lakes and streams has gone down by about ________ over the past 46 years in America.
A．80% B．60% C．36% D．24%
58．People made the Earth Day to ________.
A．call on people to protect the environment
B．remind people of the smog in San Francisco
C．save the lakes and streams in America
D．save the animals in danger
59．What does the underlined phrase “fit for” mean
A．Necessary for. B．OK for. C．Ready for. D．Reusable for.
60．What does the passage mainly tell us about
A．The smoggy city—San Francisco. B．What to do to save the environment.
C．The creation of the Earth Day. D．How serious the pollution is on the Earth.
The Chinese tradition of giving gifts of money in red envelopes at Lunar New Year has turned into big business for Web giants Alibaba and Tencent, which now both offer electronic “hong bao”.
At the end of each lunar year, it is common in China to give children hong bao—some money in envelopes that are red, the colour of success. But now the old also take part in this activity.
It is now possible to exchange “red envelopes” with smartphone, which is popular in China and has caused a battle(战争) for the lucrative market between the two companies providing the service, Tencent and Alibaba.
“You don’t have to pay the same cost or wait as long as you would for a traditional bank transfer(转账). It’s more convenient, simple and fun,” Wang Le, a 28-year-old Beijinger, told AFP. “With electronic red envelopes, you’re not limited by your identity(身份) or the time of year. It’s a new, fresh way of playing the game.”
The idea was introduced in 2014 by WeChat, a mobile messaging system with over 400 million users and run by Tencent, China’s largest Internet service system. It was successful at once.
This year, Alipay Wallet(阿里支付宝), the payment system run by Alibaba, is ready to take on the competition. It is allowing its 190 million users to send digital gifts, especially on the Twitter-like Sina Weibo.
For the past few weeks, a digital battle has been terrible, with Tencent banning(禁止) Alipay from sending red envelopes on WeChat, saying they were at a risk. Recently, WeChat also blocked(封锁) Alibaba’s music app Xiami.
To attract the public’s attention, the two companies have launched lotteries through which they award red envelopes to users in an online game.
It’s easy to send and receive hong bao or take part in the lotteries: you simply need to register(登记) your bank details.
According to market research group iResearch, Alipay controls 82.6 percent of the Chinese mobile phone payment market, compared to 10 percent for Tencent’s Tenpay.
61．Which Web giants now offer electronic “hong bao”
A．Alibaba B．Tencent
C．Alibaba and Tencent D．Sina Weibo
62．According to the passage, what’s the popular trend for people to send “red envelopes”
A．Sending “red envelopes” through short messages.
B．Sending “red envelopes” through a vedios.
C．Sending “red envelopes” through smartphones.
D．Sending “red envelopes” through Express.
63．What does the underlined word “lucrative” mean
A．利润丰厚的 B．富有想象力的
C．平滑的 D．好奇的
64．Which one is TRUE according to the passage
A．Tencent allows Alipay to send red envelopes via Wechat.
B．The idea of electronic red envelope was introduced by Wechat in 2014.
C．It’s complicated(麻烦的) to send and receive hongbao or participate in the lotteries.
D．Alipay controls a smaller payment market of the Chinese microphone than Tencent’s Tenpay.
65．What’s the main business purpose for Tencent and Alibaba launch lotteries
A．To catch the new fashion on the website.
B．To raise money from netizens.
C．To obtain a better reputation.
D．To gain many more new App users.
六、任务型阅读
阅读与回答问题
A natural resource is anything people can use which comes from nature. People cannot make natural resources, but get them from the earth. Examples of natural resources are air, water, copper, wood, oil, wind energy, hydro-electric energy, iron and coal. Refined(精炼的) oil is not a natural resource because people make it.
We often say that we can divide natural resources into two different groups: renewable resources and non-renewable resources.
A renewable resource can grow again and come back again after we use it. For example, soil, sunlight, water and wood are renewable resources.
A non-renewable resource is a resource that cannot grow or come back, or a resource that will take a very long time to come back. For example, coal is a non-renewable resource. When we use more coal, there will be less coal afterward. One day, there will be no coal to make goods. The non-renewable resource can be used up directly, or we can find a renewable resource to replace it. It is important to save non-renewable resources, because if we use them too quickly, there will not be enough in the future.
Most natural resources are limited. This means that they will run out. But a perpetual(长久的；无尽的) resource won’t. Some examples of perpetual resources include solar energy, tidal(潮汐的) energy and wind energy. Other examples are salt, stone and diamonds.回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过5个词。
66．Where can we get natural resources like air, water and oil
______________________________________________________________
67．What isn’t included in natural resources according to Paragraph 1
______________________________________________________________
68．How many groups can natural resources be divided into
______________________________________________________________
69．Why do we say most natural resources are limited
______________________________________________________________
70．What do you think is the best title for the passage？
______________________________________________________________
We need to be responsible for(对……负责) our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean
Use It Up
You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze(挤压) that last bit of toothpaste(牙膏) out of the tube(管). Use the last little piece of soap(肥皂). Don’t throw away any bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.
Wear It Out
You do not always need to have new things. Your shoes have broken laces(鞋带), but they still fit you. Repair them and wear them longer. You don’t have the latest iPhone until the old one doesn’t work any more. Then you can get a new one. Think twice before replacing something that still works.
Make It Do
When something you want is not on hand, look for something else that you already have to take its place. You are packing your lunch for tomorrow and want a butter(黄油) sandwich. But you are out of butter. Have a cleese(奶酪) sandwich instead so that you can use all of the cheese. Learn to fix broken toys instead of just throwing them away. With a little thought, you can make something do, instead of buying something new.
Do Without
Think about all those things that you would like to have. Do you really need them How long will you really play with that new toy you saw on TV Making the things that we want uses up our world’s resources. And, petting rid of the things we don’t want any more takes up even more resources and space.
71．What do we need to be responsible for according to the article
72．How do we deal with the last little piece of soap
73．When do we need to get a new iPhone
74．What should we do when something we want is not on hand
75．What does the writer want to tell us
七、书面表达
76．请以“Trees are very important”为题，根据下面要点提示写一篇短文。
要点提示：
1. 树木可以为我们提供木材，我们利用木材制造……
2. 树木有助于环保，如吸收二氧化碳(take in carbon dioxide)、制造氧气(oxygen)；
3. 树木可以防止水土流失；
4. 树木可以防止自然灾害的发生，如……
5. 建议……
词数80左右。短文开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：flood洪水 drought干旱 breathe呼吸
Trees are very important
Trees are very important to us. Why
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《Unit 8 A green world 知识点梳理 提升训练 -- 牛津译林版 八年级英语下册》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D D D C C A C D A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 46 47 48 49 50
答案 D B C B D B C D B B
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 C A D D B C D A B C
题号 61 62 63 64 65
答案 C C A B D
1．D
【详解】句意：当你出去的时候请关掉灯。turn down关小声音；拒绝；turn up开大声音；出现；turn on打开；turn off关掉。根据句意when you go out可知，出去的时候应关灯，故选D。
2．D
【详解】句意：莱芜在几年内将建更多的学校去为儿童提供更好的教育。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语schools和谓语动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；句中的时间状语in a few years“几年之后”表示将来，故用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be ＋ 动词的过去分词”。故选D。
3．D
【详解】句意：这辆汽车需要检查。如果不尽快检查，可能会导致事故。
考查一般现在时的被动语态用法。if引导的条件状语从句，主句含情态动词，从句用一般现在时。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，故选D。
4．C
【详解】句意：——先生，你看到“禁止停车”的标志了吗？ ——很抱歉，我不知道这里不准停车。
考查动词辨析。prevented阻止；refused拒绝；allowed允许；expected期待。根据“did you see the sign ‘No Parking’ ”可知，此处指不允许停车。故选C。
5．C
【详解】句意：没有充足的树木，泥土不能保持固定，进而就可能会发生沙尘暴。
考查固定短语。keep in place是固定短语，表示“固定住、保持、保有”。此处指“泥土固定在适当位置”。故选C。
6．A
【详解】句意：这个年轻人被一个警察看到闯进了一家银行。
考查非谓语动词。be seen to do sth“被看到做过某事”，be seen doing sth“被看到正在做某事”。结合选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：当医生来的时候，这个病人会被做手术吗？
考查被动语态及动词辨析。reach到达，及物动词；arrive到达，不及物动词；get to到达，及物动词词组。第二空在句末，应使用不及物动词，故排除AD；operate on“给……做手术”，是及物动词短语，operate不及物动词。“the patient”与“动手术”是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。
8．D
【详解】句意：这些新衣服明天将要送给村里的孩子们。
考查一般将来时态的被动语态。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动结构be done，根据时间“tomorrow”可知，用一般将来时，故选D。
9．A
【详解】句意：在一些国家，垃圾被分成不同的类别。
考查主谓一致。主语Waste是不可数名词，因此谓语用is，排除B和D；be separated into意为“被分成”。没有be separated to的用法。故选A。
10．B
【详解】句意：现在这里的空气污染非常严重。请停止污染它。
考查词义辨析和非谓语动词。air pollution“空气污染”，排除A。stop doing sth“停止做某事”，stop to do sth“停止一件事去做另一件事”，根据“Please stop...it.”可知，是停止污染。故选B。
11．D
【详解】句意：下列哪一项是一种新能源？
考查常识。Coal煤；Oil油；Gas气体；Wind风。结合实际可知风能是新能源，故选D。
12．B
【详解】句意：这些种类的CD-ROM在那边的那个商店卖，它们卖得好。
考查被动语态的用法。根据主语CD-ROMs和动词sell之间是被动关系，所以第一空用被动结构be done，第二空用sell well，是用主动表示被动的关系，故选B。
13．C
【详解】句意：一个报道说世界的天然气在未来将会耗尽。
考查动词短语辨析。run out不及物动词短语，耗尽；use up及物动词短语，用光；clean up打扫干净。主语是“natural gas”，可推知空格处是要表示“耗尽”，排除D；run out不及物动词短语，无被动语态，排除A；use up及物动词短语，此处需用被动语态，表示“natural gas”被用完，排除B，故选C。
14．B
【详解】句意：这个贫穷的女孩需要做手术。但是这要花费大量的钱。
考查动词用法。pay支付，人做主语；cost花费，事物做主语；spend花费，人做主语；have有。此处 it表示女孩做手术这件事，做主语时，表示花费谓语用cost。故选B。
15．D
【详解】句意：上周我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。“bike”与“buy”之间是动宾关系，需要用被动语态，结构是be+过去分词。故排除A；由“last week.”可知时态是一般过去时，故排除C；buy sth for sb“为某人买某物”。介词用for。故选D。
16．differences
【详解】句意：英式英文和美式英文有很多不同吗？根据中文提示，表示“不同”应用名词difference，空前有be动词are，此处名词应用复数形式，故填differences。
17．serious/severe
【详解】句意：这个问题非常严重。serious和severe均可表示“严重的”的意思，都是形容词，在句中充当表语。故填serious/severe。
18．produce/make
【详解】句意：不要产生太多噪音。根据空前的“Don’t”及中文提示可知，此处需填入表“产生”的动词原形。produce noise或make noise都表“产生噪音”。故填produce/make。
19．dug
【详解】句意：这个洞五分钟以前被挖好了。我们可以把小树种在里面。dig“挖”，动词。根据“The hole was”可知，句子为被动语态，“was”后接dig的过去分词dug。故填dug。
20．survey
【详解】句意：以下是调查的结果。“调查”为survey，结合句意用单数形式，故填survey。
21．filled
【详解】句意：由于来自工厂的污染，我们的学校充满了难闻的气味。fill“装满”，是动词，短语be filled with表示“充满……”，符合题意。故填filled。
22．Limiting
【详解】句意：限制周围废物的数量是处理污染的好方法。此空在句中作主语，应填动名词，故填Limiting。
23．will take
【详解】句意：如果你想准时到达那里就快一点。飞机将在五分钟后起飞。根据“in five minutes”可知，in+一段时间要与一般将来时连用，结构为will do，故填will take。
24．is finished
【详解】句意：——我们什么时候去看足球联赛？——直到下周六工作被做完才去看。根据前文主语是“the work”可知，空处填写被动语态，根据“Not until”可知，其引导的时间状语用一般现在时表将来，故finish改为一般现在时的被动语态“is finished”，表示被完成。故填is finished。
25．will be built
【详解】句意：据说在未来的三年内，长江上将再建两座桥。that从句的主语是“another two bridges”，谓语动词是build，主谓之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态。根据时间状语“in the coming three years”可知，本句应用一般将来时，一般将来时的被动语态为will be done，故填will be built。
26．(h)ours 27．(e)nough 28．(B)oth 29．(r)ules 30．(a)gree 31．(b)y 32．(l)ucky 33．(a)lso 34．(h)it 35．(r)ights
【导语】本文主要讲法律对孩子们来说是一件好事情，因为在过去及现在一些国家孩子也会被打。
26．句意：100年以前在工业国家，7岁的孩子一天工作18小时。根据“ worked 18...”及首字母提示可知是工作18小时，hour“小时”，此处用复数形式。故填(h)ours。
27．句意：工厂老板可以打睡着的，或者是工作不够快的小孩。根据“not fast...”可知不够快才会挨顿打，enough“足够”，故填(e)nough。
28．句意：父母和老师都可以做这样的事情。根据“parents and teachers”及首字母可知此处指both...and...“两者都”。故填(B)oth。
29．句意：一些人们认为孩子们必须要遵守规则，否则他们应该受到惩罚。根据“obey...”可知是obey rules“遵守规则”。故填(r)ules。
30．句意：另一些人不同意。根据“The Eskimos in Alaska almost never punish their children.”可知后文列举的是不打小孩的例子，这些人不同意上文打小孩的看法。故空格处表示“不同意”。故填(a)gree。
31．句意：如果孩子们太过分了，父母通过取笑他们来惩罚他们。根据“the parents punish them...making fun of them.”可知是通过取笑他们来惩罚他们，by“通过”,介词。故填(b)y。
32．句意：在世界其他地区的孩子们则没有像在爱斯基摩人的这些孩子们一样幸运。根据“American parents can spank （打……臀部） their children at home”可知后面讲到美国父母打孩子，可推知上文表示一些地方的孩子不够幸运。lucky“幸运的”。故填(l)ucky。
33．句意：在德国这也是真的。空格处在句中，结合首字母可知是also“也”，表示德国和美国情况一样。故填(a)lso。
34．句意：相反的是，在瑞典任何人打小孩都是违反法律的。此处话题讲的是打小孩，故填(h)it。
35．句意：孩子们也有特殊的政府官员为他们的权利而工作。根据“special government official who works for ...”可知是work for their rights“为他们的权利而工作”。故填(r)ights。
36．(b)icycles/(b)ikes 37．(o)il 38．(r)ide 39．(p)olluting 40．(s)ame 41．(p)ut 42．(i)nformation 43．(p)revent 44．(E)xercise 45．(h)ealthier
【导语】本文主要介绍了骑自行车的好处，也分析自行车越来越流行的原因——自行车骑行是健康的、对环境有利的；上下车及停车都方便；折叠自行车可以带上火车和飞机；自行车骑行可以预防心脏病、可减肥；自行车骑行让人们感觉更好、更放松、更自信。
36．句意：也许那就是为什么如今世界上有14亿的自行车而仅有4千万汽车在马路上。根据文章内容可知，越来越多的人骑单车了。bike或者bicycle表示“自行车”，1.4billion表示“14亿“，后面用可数名词复数形式。故填(b)icycles/(b)ikes。
37．句意：自行车几乎可以把你带到任何地方，并且没有油耗。根据“It is fun, healthy and good for the environment.”可知，自行车是有趣，健康并且环保的，相比汽车会排放废气，耗油，自行车没有油耗。单词oil表示“油”。故填(o)il。
38．句意：骑上自行车然后到处骑行。根据后文“You may find something new all around you.”可知，会发现周围新鲜的东西，需要骑上车到处走才可以。单词ride表示“骑行”，and表示get on和ride并列，用原型。故填(r)ide。
39．句意：你可以骑车去上班并且从愉快的锻炼中受益，且没有污染环境。根据生活常识可知，骑自行车是绿色的出行方式，不污染环境。单词pollute“污染”，在介词without后面用动名词形式。故填(p)olluting。
40．句意：你在飞机上也可以这样做。根据语境，此处是指在飞机上也能够“Just fold the bike and take it with you. ”即，把自行车折叠起来，和带上火车一样。same表示“同样的”。故填(s)ame。
41．句意：一辆折叠自行车可以被放进一个箱子里。根据语境，乘坐交通工具时，可把折叠自行车放进箱子里。单词put表示“放置”，句中自行车是被放置，用被动语态，put的过去分词是put。故填(p)ut。
42．句意：但是务必要登录航空公司的官网去查询信息。根据“You can also take a common(普通的) bike with you when you fly.”和“Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.”可知，也可以带普通自行车上飞机，但不是所有航空公司都允许，因此要先去官网核查一下相关信息。单词information表示“信息”。故填(i)nformation。
43．句意：对预防心脏疾病有帮助。由前文的“Health Benefits of Bicycling:”可知是在表示骑行对健康的好处。根据常识，骑行是可以预防心脏病的。单词prevent表示“预防”，在to后用动词原形。故填(p)revent。
44．句意：像骑自行车这样的锻炼，已被表明了能够让人们感觉更好，更轻松和自信。根据“like bicycling ”可知是像骑自行车这样的，骑车是种运动，结合e开头的单词，用exercise表示“运动”。故填(E)xercise。
45．句意：骑自行车比驾车更加健康。文章内容主要表明骑自行车的好处，说明其越来越流行，是比开车更加健康，than“比”，表示要用比较级。故填(h)ealthier。
46．B 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了几种循环利用垃圾的方法，呼吁人们要变废为宝，减少垃圾的产生。
46．句意：例如，我们可以重复利用纸张和塑料袋。
reason理由；example例子；use使用；people人们。短语for example表示“例如”，符合题意。故选B。
47．句意：这里有一些有用的方法来减少垃圾。
produce生产；protect保护；reduce减少；pollute污染。根据前文的“We can also recycle newspapers, glass, and cans(易拉罐) to make new things.”可知，可以循环使用报纸，杯子，易拉罐，并制造新东西，从而减少了垃圾的产生。故选C。
48．句意：可能你不知道旧电池会让地球变脏。
dry干燥的；rich富裕的；clean清洁的；dirty脏的。根据后文的“This is because they have poisonous parts in them.”可知，旧电池里面有有毒物质，会危害地球，使地球变脏。故选D。
49．句意：把它们存放在一块。
Throw扔；Keep保持；Try尝试；Lose丢失。根据前文的“So don’t throw away batteries. ”可知，作者呼吁不要扔掉电池，应该是要保存起来。故选B。
50．句意：在纸张的两面都要书写。
every每一个；both两者都；all三者或以上都；one一。根据常识可知，纸张是有两面，both sides表示“双面”。故选B。
51．句意：一些学生在换新的之前，仅仅写了他们笔记本的半页。
exercises锻炼，练习；schoolbags书包；notebooks笔记本；papers试卷。根据语境，学生使用的和纸张相关的是笔记本。故选C。
52．句意：尝试送电子贺卡如何呢？
send送，寄；buy买；receive接收；waste浪费。根据前文可知“People often give cards on birthdays or festivals.”人们经常在生日或节日的时候送贺卡，而文章是呼吁节约用纸，呼吁换成送电子贺卡。故选A。
53．句意：你可以叫你的母亲收集你不想要的衣服。
like喜欢；sell卖；throw扔；collect收集。从后文可知“Then you can pass them on to those poor children. ”是把旧衣服送给贫困孩子，要先收集旧衣服。故选D。
54．句意：你会因为你正在帮助其他人而感到开心。
angry生气的；tired累的；moved感动的；happy开心的。根据常识可知，帮助了别人，自己其实也会感觉很开心。故选D。
55．句意：当然，在捐出去前，你可以问一下你的亲朋是否想要它们。
that那个；if如果，是否；though尽管；what什么。根据语境可知，是问亲朋是否需要旧衣服，此处用if引导宾语从句。故选B。
56．C 57．D 58．A 59．B 60．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了“地球日”的创立过程。
56．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“For a long time San Francisco had more smog（烟雾）than any other city in America.”可知，1970年之前，旧金山的雾很重。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“It is hard to imagine that in 1972 only 36 percent of America’s lakes and streams were safe to fish and swim in. Today more than 60 percent are fit for swimming and fishing.”（很难想象，1972年，美国只有36%的湖泊和溪流可以安全捕鱼和游泳。今天，超过60%的人适合游泳和钓鱼）可知，美国被严重污染的湖泊和溪流在近46年里已减少24%左右。故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据文中句子“Because of this, and in order to solve the pollution problem and protect the people in the city, the first Earth Day was made on April 22, 1970 in San Francisco.”可知，人们设立“地球日”旨在号召人们保护环境。故选A。
59．词义猜测题。根据前文“were safe to fish and swim in”可推测，划线词应该是表示今天超过60%的湖泊河流适宜于游冰和钓鱼。fit for意为“适宜于”，相当于OK for。故选B。
60．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了“地球日”的创立过程。所以选项C“地球日的创立”符合题意。故选C。
61．C 62．C 63．A 64．B 65．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了在网上发红发这种方便、快捷的方式。腾讯和阿里巴巴这个网络巨头都提供人们这种服务，因此为争取更多的用户，他们之间发生了很多斗争。
61．细节理解题。根据“...has turned into big business for Web giants Alibaba and Tencent, which now both offer electronic ‘hong bao’.”可知，阿里巴巴和腾讯这两个网络巨头都提供了网上发红包的服务。故选C。
62．细节理解题。根据“It is now possible to exchange “red envelopes” with smartphone”可知，现在可以使用智能手机来发红包。故选C。
63．词义猜测题。根据“...which is popular in China and has caused a battle(战争) for the lucrative market between the two companies providing the service”可知，由于网上发红包受到了中国人的欢迎，这两家公司因为这个利润丰厚的市场展开了斗争，推断lucrative表示“利润丰厚的”。故选A。
64．推理判断题。根据“The idea was introduced in 2014 by WeChat”可知，发电子红包这种方式是2014年由微信首先引进的，B正确。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据“To attract the public’s attention, the two companies have launched lotteries...”可知，腾讯和阿里巴巴都发布福利是为了吸引公众的注意力，也就是让更多的人使用他们的软件。故选D。
66．From nature./From the earth. 67．Refined oil. 68．Two. 69．Because they will run out. 70．Natural resources./Two types/kinds of natural resources./Natural resources of two types/kinds.
【分析】短文讲了自然资源的分类，详细的介绍了什么是可再生资源和不可再生资源，同时告诉我们要合理利用自然资源。
66．细节理解题。根据句子 People cannot make natural resources, but get them from the earth.人们不能制造自然资源，而是将它们从地球上获取。可知来自地球。故答案为From the earth.
67．细节理解题。根据第一段句子Refined（精炼的）oil is not a natural resource because people make it. 可知精炼石油不是一种自然资源因为人们制造了它。故答案为Refined oil.
68．细节理解题。根据句子We often say that we can divide natural resources into two different groups：renewable resources and non﹣renewable resources. 我们常说，我们可以把自然资源分为两类：可再生资源和不可再生资源。可知分为可再生资源和不可再生资源。故答案为Two.
69．细节推理题。根据句子A non﹣renewable resource is a resource that cannot grow or come back, or a resource that will take a very long time to come back. For example, coal is a non﹣renewable resource. When we use more coal, there will be less coal afterward. One day, there will be no coal to make goods. 一种不可再生资源是一种无法生长或再生的资源，或是一种需要很长时间才能恢复的资源。例如，煤炭是一种不可再生资源。当我们使用更多的煤后，煤就会减少。总有一天，没有煤可以生产。可知因为它们会用完。故答案为Because they will run out.
70．主旨归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其句子We often say that we can divide natural resources into two different groups：renewable resources and non﹣renewable resources. 我们常说，我们可以把自然资源分为两类：可再生资源和不可再生资源。可知文章主要说的是两种自然资源。故答案为Two kinds of natural resources.
【点睛】回答问题的任务型阅读
该题型是给同学们呈现一段阅读资料，然后设置几个问题，做题时，我们应该先浏览一下问题，心中对所给任务有一个初步的了解，带着问题去阅读，有针对性地阅读，提高阅读效率。
一、阅读全文，了解大意
在做任务型阅读题时，同学们应先浏览文章后所提出的问题，在浏览过任务后，应迅速回头阅读全文了解文章的主要内容，作者想表述的观点，情感等。
二、寻找细节，逐题攻克
对于任务型阅读中的细节考查题，需要同学们有对语言的理解和分析能力，并带着问题回到阅读材料中，采用跳读的方式来寻找细节所在的段落，然后锁定目标段落，寻找总结自己所要的答案。
本题的第1小题：细节理解题。根据句子 People cannot make natural resources, but get them from the earth.人们不能制造自然资源，而是将它们从地球上获取。可知来自地球。故答案为From the earth.
本题的第3小题：细节理解题。根据句子We often say that we can divide natural resources into two different groups：renewable resources and non﹣renewable resources. 我们常说，我们可以把自然资源分为两类：可再生资源和不可再生资源。可知分为可再生资源和不可再生资源。故答案为Two.
此外，同学们在答题和书写方面还要注意以下几点：
1. 作答时，要遵循的原则就是：能简略回答的，尽量简略回答。
2. 书写要规范整洁。句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范，单词拼写要正确无误；注意时态的呼应和人称的转变。
3. 做出适当调整。在回答时，同学们应对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等做出适当的调整。
71．Our environment. 72．Use it up. 73．Until the old one doesn’t work any more. 74．Look for something else to take its place. 75．How to be a frugal consumer.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成为一个节约的消费者。
71．根据 “ We need to be responsible for our environment. ” 可知，我们需要对我们的环境负责。故填Our environment.
72．根据“Use the last little piece of soap(肥皂).”可知，我们应该用完最后一小块肥皂。故填Use it up.
73．根据“You don’t have to have the latest iPhone until the old one doesn’t work any more. ” 可知，直到旧手机不能再用，我们才需要买一个新的iPhone。故填Until the old one doesn’t work any more.
74．根据“When something you want is not on hand，look for something else that you already have to take its place.”可知，当我们需要的某个物体不在手边时，我们应该寻找我们已有的其他物品来代替它。故填Look for something else to take its place.
75．根据“We need to be responsible for(对……负责) our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean ”可知，作者想要告诉我们的是怎样成为一个节俭的消费者。故填How to be a frugal consumer.
76．例文：
Trees are very important
Trees are very important to us. Why
First,trees give us wood. We can make tables,chairs,and even build houses or buildings with it. Second,trees can help protect the environment. They take in carbon dioxide and make oxygen. Without them,we can’t breathe fresh air. Third, trees can keep soil in place. Trees can prevent some natural disasters, such as flood and drought.
Trees are our good friends. So we can’t cut down trees. We should plant more trees and take good care of them.
【总体分析】①题材：本文是一篇说明文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“要点提示”中树木的好处，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
【写作步骤】第一步，表明写作意图。借用问句来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从4个方面重点介绍树木给人们带来的好处；
第三步，书写结语。建议人们保护树木。
【亮点词汇】①even甚至
②carbon dioxide二氧化碳
③oxygen氧气
④prevent阻止
【高分句型】①Without them, we can’t breathe fresh air.(运用介词without)
②We should plant more trees and take good care of them.(运用情态动词should)
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页

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