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Unit 5 Good manners
知识点梳理
Unit5 必背词组及固定搭配（Reading）
have good/bad manners 有/没礼貌
You’re old enough to learn about manners. 你足够大可以了解礼貌了。
【复习】not adj. enough to do sth./too adj. to do sth./so adj. that+句子
The little boy isn’t old enough to go to school.
=The little boy is too young to go to school.
=The little boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
这个小男孩太小了以至于他没有办法上学。
What do you mean 你是什么意思？
cut in on others 打断别人说话
【拓展】cut 相关词组
cut down
削减 cut down the expenses 削减费用
砍倒 cut down the trees 砍倒树木
cut off
(切断) cut off our water supply 切断我们的供水
You’re never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
a talk on good table manners 一场关于好的餐桌礼仪的讲座
drop litter everywhere 到处扔垃圾
leave the tap running 让水龙头一直流水
【复习】leave相关
leave sp. 离开某地 leave for sp. 离开去某地
leave sb./sth. +adj. 使某人/某物保持某种状态
leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
pick flowers in the park 采花园里的花
【复习】pick相关词组
pick v. 采摘；选择
pick up
捡起 He picked up a piece of paper.
接 My father picks me up every day.
无意间学会 I picked up French when I was in France.
挣扎着爬起来 He picked himself up from the ground.
obey traffic rules 遵守交通规则(=follow traffic rules)
queue for your turn 排队等待
【拓展】
queue
queue up at the ticket office 在售票处排队
in a queue=in line 排成一队
jump the queue 插队
turn
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
take one’s turn to do sth.=do sth. in turn=do sth. by turns 轮流做某事
turn A into B 把A变成B
turn red 颜色变红
host the school radio show 主持校园广播秀
invite Jenny to talk about manners in the UK 邀请Jenny来聊聊英国的礼仪
the proper way to greet people 合适的和人们打招呼的方式
【词性转换】proper --improper（不合适的）
【常用词组】greet sb. with a kiss 用亲吻问候某人
shake your hand（shake-shook-shook） 和你握手
【常用短语】
shake one’s hand=shake hand with sb. 和某人握手
wave one’s hand 挥某人的手
wave to sb. 朝某人挥手
greet close friends 问候亲近的朋友
【复习】
close
adj. 距离近的
His house is close to the factory. 他的房子离公司近。
adj. 亲近的
She is a close friend of theirs. 她是他们的一个亲近的朋友。
adv. 接近地，靠近地 They live close to the cinema.
紧紧地 Anna followed close behind.
closely adv. 紧密地 work closely with 和...紧密合作
start a conversation 开始一段对话
behave politely in public 在公共场合表现礼貌
【词性转换】
behave--- behavior n. 行为，表现
push in 插队
bump into someone 撞上某人
be in their way 挡他们的路
【辨析】way相关词组
the way to do sth./ of doing sth. 做某事的方式
on the way 在路上
in the way 挡路，碍事
by the way 顺便问/说一句
British people are very polite at home as well,aren’t they
英国人在家也很礼貌，难道不是吗？
【辨析】几个“也”too/also/either/as well
too是常用词，常见于口语中，一般用于肯定句，放在句末。
also是比较正式的用语，一般性放在句子中间，行为动词之前；be/助/情态动词之后。 Mr. Green can also sing this song in English.
either表示“也”时，一般用于否定句，放在句末。
as well 常用于口语，用法和too一样，放在句末，前不加逗号。
keep your voice down 保持低声
laugh loudly 大声笑
be helpful to us 对我们有帮助
Just as the saying goes,“......” 就像那句话说的（作文结尾好句）
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
hit someone by accident 意外撞到某人
all the time 总是,一直
Unit5 必背词组及固定搭配（Grammar）
【句型转换】
be not adj. enough to do sth.=be too adj. to do sth.=be so adj. that+句子
经典例句：
1.他太小了没办法去上学。
He isn’t old enough to go to school.
=He is too young to go to school.
=He is so young that he can’t go to school.
Unit5 必背词组及固定搭配（Integrated skills）
public signs 公众标志
warn us of the danger 提醒我们有危险
look at the famous painting by Picasso 看这幅毕加索的著名画作
be in general use 处于普遍使用中
in order to be successful 为了成功
make a job easier to complete 让一份工作更简单地被完成
risk losing everything at all at one time 冒着一次完全失去一切的风险
【歇后语】
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行。
Many hands make light work. 众人拾柴火焰高。
Every dog has its day. 人人都有得意的时候。
put all your eggs in one basket 孤注一掷
The grass is always greener on the other side. 这山望着那山高。
Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
No pain, no gain. 没有付出就没有收获。
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
Burn the candle at both sides. 劳累过度。
Unit5 必背词组及固定搭配（Task）
make a plan for the talk 为这个讲座制定计划
purpose of the talk 讲座的目的
teach students rules for eating 教学生吃饭的规矩
make too much noise 制造太多噪音
eat with your mouth open 嘴张开着吃
reach over someone’s plate for something 越过别人的盘子夹东西
Make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.确保宾主尽欢。
hold a talk 举办一场讲座
take place 发生（一般指好事情按计划发生）
find them useful 发现它们有用
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．Allen always behaves , so many people like him.
A．easily B．politely C．friendly D．lively
2．He will, no doubt, be recommended as this Year’s Excellent Officer because he is clever, easy-going. And, ________ ,hardworking.
A．after all B．in all C．at all D．above all
3．—Jack was too nervous to ________ himself clearly enough.
—He was just not confident enough.
A．talk B．express C．speak D．tell
4．My grandpa has many hobbies. He thinks one is never ________ enjoy life.
A．too young to B．too old to C．young enough to D．old enough to
5．He is ________ to buy a plane.
A．enough rich B．rich enough C．tall enough D．enough tall
6．---- If I work hard at my lessons from now on, can I learn them well
---- Sure. __________.
A．All rivers run into sea B．Every day is not Sunday
C．Better late than never D．Practice makes perfect
7．The police warned us __________ into the house alone.
A．to come B．not come
C．not to come D．to not come
8．I think the party was a big ________ and we did it ________.
A．success; successful B．successful; success
C．success; successfully D．successful; successful
9．Please try to avoid ________ the same mistakes in the next test.
A．make B．to make C．made D．making
10．Keep the door ________, my________ friend.
A．close; closed B．close; close C．closed; closed D．closed; close
二、单词拼写
11．The boy wants to choose one of his favourite (话题) to talk about.
12．He lit a （蜡烛）and walked into the dark room.
13．Let’s have a (讨论) on where to spend the summer holiday after class.
14．The (目的) of the talk is to teach students rules of eating.
15．Don’t (解释) it. I don’t want to know your excuse.
16．Have you ever seen this (paint) before
17．—Why are you so excited
—Because Peter invited me (join) the club.
18．When you visit a foreign country, it is necessary to know how to ask for help (polite).
19．We often greet each other by (shake) hands.
20．To be (success), you must work harder and harder.
三、完成句子
21．妈妈总是告诫我不要在网上和陌生人交朋友
Mother always warns me with strangers online.
22．这个工程的目的是帮助更多的贫困孩子上学。
is to help more poor children go to school.
23．他说得太快，不能清楚地表达自己的想法。
He spoke .
24．戴维的成功不是偶然的。那是他努力工作的结果。
David’s success didn’t come . That was the result of his hard work.
25．汤姆打断别人说话是不礼貌的。
It’s of Tom to others.
四、短文填空
根据短文内容和所给首字母填空。
One day I found a little girl sitting in the park sadly. Lots of people passed by but never s 26 to see why she looked so sad. As I got closer I saw that her b 27 had a strange shape. That’s a hump(驼背)! Perhaps that was that r 28 why people just passed by and made no effort(努力) to help. I sat down beside her and said, “Hello!” Then she, in a low voice, s 29 , “Hi.” I smiled and she smiled back. Then we talked there u 30 it got dark. I asked the girl why she was so sad. She looked at me and said with a sad face, “Because of the hump.”
“But, you make me t 31 of an angel(天使), sweet and friendly,” I said. She looked at me and asked, “Really ” I said, “Yes, I think you are an angel and you come here to watch over all those people walking by.” When she h 32 this, the little girl jumped up.”I am! I’m an angel!” I was happy because she was not sad any m 33 .
After that, my life also changed. I learned how to s 34 both happiness and sadness with others. I believe now if we give something to others, we’ll get something in the s 35 way.
五、完形填空
Once there was a girl, named Kate. She was very polite and ready to help everybody. One day she found a pink paper bag on the way to school. She opened it and saw there was a lot of 36 in it. She thought she should hand it in to the teacher, so she 37 it in her schoolbag.
When she went to the teacher’s office, her teacher wasn’t 38 . As it was time for class, she hurried to the classroom.
After class, she told her friend, Mary, about the money that she 39 . Then, her greedy (贪婪的) friend took away the bag.
After school, Kate wanted to go to the 40 office again, but she found the money was missing.
The next day when the children were playing a game, Mary fell down and was hurt very badly. The other children stood around her and didn’t know 41 to do. Kate kept calm and did something to stop bleeding. She told the others to go to teachers for 42 Soon a teacher took Mary to the 43 and the doctor examined her carefully. Within a week she was all right again. Kate became very popular in the school.
Two weeks later Mary came to Kate house. Her eyes were red. She was crying. She gave Kate the 44 paper bag with the money in it and said. “Kate, I have taken the money away. That day when you helped me, I felt very sad and now I decide to tell you the 45 , you are such a nice friend! 46 Please don’t tell the school about this please!” then Kate said, “you are now 47 , but you have done a bad thing. Though I will not tell anyone, I want you not to be greedy and 48 to do anything wrong.” The girl thanked Kate and 49 .
At the end of the term Kate was given a 50 for being a very helpful girl in the school. Mary became an honest girl and was never greedy again. Once wrong, never be wrong forever.
36．A．bread B．money C．paper D．fruit
37．A．got B．caught C．kept D．sent
38．A．out B．away C．off D．in
39．A．found B．lost C．saved D．made
40．A．worker’s B．doctor’s C．teacher’s D．headmaster’s
41．A．how B．what C．when D．where
42．A．help B．treatment C．action D．leave
43．A．school B．classroom C．office D．hospital
44．A．red B．pink C．white D．black
45．A．lie B．story C．truth D．result
46．A．And B．But C．Or D．So
47．A．friendly B．polite C．generous D．honest
48．A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．usually
49．A．got up B．woke up C．gave up D．cheered up
50．A．prize B．laugh C．joke D．reply
六、任务型阅读
Some etiquette (礼仪) in modern life
Do you often use a mobile phone Do you take the underground to school every day These items make our modern life easier. But do you know how we should behave properly while using them The following suggestions might be helpful.
For mobile phone users
◆Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And you’d better not use it during an appointment (约会).
◆Stop sending messages or playing games with your mobile phone at a dinner or a party. It’s a good time to communicate with your family and friends.
◆Don’t make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law.
For underground passengers
◆You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the underground.
◆You can’t eat, drink or smoke on the underground train. The smell and noise may bring others trouble. It’s our duty to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking is bad for health.
◆You can’t take pets onto the train. As we all know, animals may spread diseases (传播疾病) and make the train dirty.
◆You’d better not lie on the underground seats even if the train isn’t crowded. Offering your seat to someone who needs it is regarded as good manners.
根据短文内容，完成下面的表格。
Some etiquette in modern life
People Dos Don’ts
Mobile phone users Make a phone call in a 51 voice in public. Don’t 52 messages or play games at a dinner or a party. Don’t make or answer a call while driving because it is not 53 and against the law.
Underground 54 Wait in 55 while buying tickets and getting on the underground, keep the 56 clean and tidy. Offer your seat to someone in 57 . Don’t eat, drink, or smoke on the train because the smell and noise may 58 others. Don’t take 59 onto the train. Don’t 60 on the underground seats.
七、书面表达
61．你校将举办一个关于良好餐桌礼仪的讲座，请你根据下列表格的内容，写一篇英语短文，为此次讲座做一个宣传，内容可作适当发挥，词数100左右。
时间 下周五，下午2：30
地点 学校礼堂
内容 很多关于餐桌礼仪的建议： 首先，直到大家都准备好了才能开始吃； 第二，吃东西时发出很多噪音是不礼貌的； 第三，…… 最后，等大家都吃完再离席。
结论 这些礼仪规则很重要……
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
《Unit 5 Good manners 知识点梳理 提升训练 -- 牛津译林版 八年级英语下册》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B D B B B C C C D D
题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答案 B C D A C B A D B C
题号 46 47 48 49 50
答案 D D A D A
1．B
【详解】句意：艾伦总是表现礼貌，因此许多人喜欢他。A. easily 容易的，副词； B. politely 礼貌的，副词； C. friendly 友好的，形容词； D. lively可爱的，形容词；根据behaves表现，举止，动词，用副词修饰，排除C/D；根据so many people like him.可知是表现礼貌；故B
2．D
【详解】句意：毫无疑问，他将会任命为今年的优秀军官，因为他聪明，随和，而且最重要是他工作努力。
考查短语词义辨析。after all毕竟，终究；in all总共；at all根本，一点也不；above all尤其，首先，最重要的。根据句意他将会任命为今年的优秀军官，因为他聪明，随和，而且最重要是他工作努力。可知，是最重要的意思。故选D。
3．B
【详解】句意：——杰克太紧张了，无法清楚地表达自己。——他只是不够自信。
考查动词辨析。talk谈话；express表达；speak说；tell告诉。根据“himself clearly enough”可知是清晰地表达自己。故选B。
4．B
【详解】句意：我的爷爷有很多爱好。他认为一个人年纪再大也要享受生活。
考查固定句式。too young to太年轻而不能；too old to太老而不能；young enough to足够年轻能；old enough to年纪足够大能。此处考查固定句式：too...to do sth.“太……而不能做某事”，adj.+enough to do sth.“足够……能做某事”，to do不定式均作结果状语，结合“My grandpa has many hobbies.”可知，此处表达“年纪再大也要享受生活”，B选项符合语境。故选B。
5．B
【详解】句意：他很有钱，可以买一架飞机。
考查形容词辨析以及enough后置。rich富有的；tall高的。enough修饰形容词时放形容词后面，排除AD；根据“buy a plane”可知可以买飞机，可见很富有。故选B。
6．C
【详解】句意“-如果我从现在好好学习，我能学好吗？-当然，迟做总比不做强”。A.海纳百川；B.好景不常在；C.迟做总比不做好；D.熟能生巧。根据sure可知，持肯定态度，且根据from now on可知，故选C。
7．C
【详解】句意：那个警察警告我们不要单独进入那座房子。
考查动词不定式的用法。warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事。故用not to come，故选C。
8．C
【详解】句意：我认为这次聚会非常成功，我们做得很成功。
考查名词和副词的用法。success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词。不定冠词a后加名词，故第一个空填success；第二个空修饰动词did用副词successfully。故选C。
9．D
【详解】句意：请避免在下次考试中犯同样的错误。
考查动名词的用法。avoid doing sth. “避免做某事”，是固定词组。故选D。
10．D
【详解】句意：把门关上，我的密友。
考查形容词辨析。closed关着的；close亲密的。根据“Keep the door…”可知，第一空表示“门关着”，用closed。根据“friend”可知，此处表示“亲密的朋友”，用close表示。故选D。
11．subjects/topics
【详解】句意：这个男孩想选一个他最喜欢的话题来谈论。表示“话题”用单词“subject/topic”，one of ... “……之一”后接可数名词复数，故填subjects/topics。
12．candle
【详解】句意：他点了一支蜡烛，走进了黑暗的房间。该空作lit的宾语，用名词，根据句意和汉语提示，可知名词candle符合题意，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，故填candle。
13．discussion
【详解】句意：下课后我们讨论一下去哪里过暑假。根据中文提示和“a‘可知，需要一个名词，discussion“讨论”符合句意，故填discussion。
14．purpose
【详解】句意：演讲的目的是教学生吃饭的规则。“目的”purpose，根据“is to...”可知句子主语用名词单数。故填purpose。
15．explain
【详解】句意：别解释了，我不想知道你的借口。解释：explain，助动词don’t后加动词原形。故填explain。
16．painting
【详解】句意：你以前见过这幅画吗？根据this可知，此空应填名词单数形式，paint对应的名词painting“画”符合，故填painting。
17．to join
【详解】句意：——你为什么如此兴奋？——因为彼得邀请我加入俱乐部。join“加入”，invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故填to join。
18．politely
【详解】句意：当你参观外国时，知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助是很有必要的。句中“ask for”是动词短语，需要副词修饰，polite副词为politely“礼貌地”。故填politely。
19．shaking
【详解】句意：我们经常握手问候。shake hands“握手”，介词by后加动名词。故填shaking。
20．successful
【详解】句意：要想成功，你必须越来越努力。success“成功”，名词。空处位于be动词后作表语，应用形容词successful“成功的”。故填successful。
21．not to make friends
【详解】根据汉语和英文对照可知，空格处填“不要交朋友”。短语warn sb. (not) to do sth.告诫/提醒某人(不)要做某事，make friends with sb.和某人交朋友。故填not to make friends。
22．The purpose of the project
【详解】比较中英文意思，缺失内容为“这个工程的目的”。project“工程”，名词；purpose“目的”，名词。此处应用定冠词the，表示“这个”；“……的”可采用of结构。因此，“这个工程的目的”用英文表示，即为“the purpose of the project”。故填The purpose of the project。
23．too fast to express himself clearly
【详解】结合汉语分析句子可知，句子使用句式：too...to...“太……而不能……”；fast“快地”，副词，too fast“太快”；express oneself“表达自己的想法”，固定短语；clearly“清楚地”，副词；express oneself clearly“清楚地表达自己的想法”，副词clearly修饰动词短语；主语是he，对应的反身代词是himself。故填too fast to express himself clearly。
24．by accident/by chance
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺“偶然”的英文表达，by accident/chance“偶然”，固定短语。故填by；accident/chance。
25． impolite cut in on
【详解】比较中英文意思，缺失内容为“不礼貌的”和“打断某人”，其对应的英文单词分别为“impolite”和“cut in on sb”。It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.“某人做某事……”，固定搭配；所以第一空用impolite，第二空用cut in on。故填impolite；cut in on。
26．(s)topped 27．(b)ack 28．(r)eason 29．(s)aid 30．(u)ntil 31．(t)hink 32．(h)eard 33．(m)ore 34．(s)hare 35．(s)ame
【导语】本文中作者主要讲述了自己开导一位驼背女孩，让她重新树立对生活的信心的故事。
26．句意：许多人从旁边经过但没有人停下来去看看为何她这么悲伤。根据“why people just passed by and made no effort(努力) to help.”及首字母可知，此处指的没人停下来帮助她。stop to do sth“停下来去做某事”。本句描述的是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时态，空处用动词的过去式。故填(s)topped。
27．句意：当我走近时，我看到她的背有一个奇怪的形状。根据“That’s a hump(驼背)!”及首字母可知，此处指背部的形状奇怪，back“背部”，her后跟单数即可。故填(b)ack。
28．句意：也许这就是为什么人们只是路过，没有付出努力去帮助她。上文讲到“她是驼背”，结合“why people just passed by and made no effort(努力) to help.”及首字母可知，此处指驼背是人们不帮助她的原因，reason“原因”，that后跟名词单数形式，故填(r)eason。
29．句意：然后她低声说。根据“in a low voice”和“Hi”可知，此处指她说，say“说”，讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处用动词的过去式，故填(s)aid。
30．句意：然后我们在那里一直聊到天黑。根据“we talked there...it got dark”及首字母可知，此处指的是，一直聊到了天黑，until“直到”，引导时间状语从句。故填(u)ntil。
31．句意：你让我想到了一个天使。根据“make me...of an angel(天使)”及首字母可知，此处指想到了一个天使。短语think of“想起”，make后接不带to的不定式作补足语，所以填动词原形。故填(t)hink。
32．句意：当她听到这句话，小女孩跳了起来。上文作者说他觉得小女孩是一个天使，结合首字母可知，此处指小女孩听到作者说的话，hear“听见”；本句描述的是过去发生的动作，所以空处用动词过去式，故填(h)eard。
33．句意：我很开心，因为她不再悲伤了。not…any more“不再……”，固定短语，故填(m)ore。
34．句意：我学会了如何和其他人分享幸福与悲伤。根据“how to...both happiness and sadness with others.”及首字母可知，此处指和其他人分享，share sth with sb“和某人分享某物”。本句中to是不定式符号，所以空处用动词原形，故填(s)hare。
35．句意：我相信现在如果我们给予别人一些东西，我们也会以同样的方式得到一些东西。根据“if we give something to others, we’ll get something in the...way.”及首字母可知，此处指的是以相同的方式得到回报。same“相同的”，故填(s)ame。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．D 47．D 48．A 49．D 50．A
【分析】试题分析：短文讲述了两个小女孩的故事。乐于助人的凯特在路上捡到一个钱包，想交给老师，可是被自己的同学贪婪的玛丽拿走了。第二天，玛丽在玩耍时摔伤了，凯特帮她止血并让其他同学通知老师送玛丽去了医院。玛丽很受感动，给凯特讲明了真相。凯特告诉她，诚实很重要，不要再做错事。
36．句意：她打开它，发现里面有很多钱。考查名词辨析题。根据下文After class, she told her friend, Mary, about the money that she found. Then, her greedy friend took away the bag.，可知袋子里面是钱，故选B。
37．句意：她认为她应该把它交给老师，所以她把它放在书包里。考查动词辨析题。A. got得到；B. caught接住；C. kept保持/保留；D. sent送/派遣。根据句意语境，可知keep符合句意，故选C。
38．句意：当她去老师办公室时，她的老师不在。考查介词辨析题。be out出去了；be away离开了；be off取消了；be in在里面。根据句意语境，可知老师不在办公室，故选D。
39．句意：下课后，她把找到的钱告诉了她的朋友玛丽。考查动词辨析题。that shefound作the money的后置定语；根据前文One day she found a pink paper bag on the way to school. She opened it and saw there was a lot of money in it.，可知选A。
40．句意：放学后，凯特又想去老师的办公室，但她发现钱不见了。考查名词所有格辨析题。again又，再；根据前文When she went to the teacher’s office, her teacher wasn’t in.，结合句意语境，可知选C。
41．句意：其他的孩子都站在她身边，不知道该做什么。考查宾语从句引导词。A. how怎样，问状况/方式，do后要有宾语；B. what什么，问事/物，做do的宾语；C. when什么时候，问时间；D. where在哪里，问地点。由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。本句是宾语从句的简略形式，what做do的宾语；根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。
42．句意：她告诉其他人去找老师帮忙。考查名词辨析题。A. help帮助，帮忙；B. treatment治疗，对待；C. action行动，作用；D. leave辞别，许可。根据下文Soon a teacher took Mary to the hospital and the doctor examined her carefully.，结合句意语境，可知有老师帮助了她，故选A。
43．句意：很快，一位老师带玛丽去医院，医生仔细检查了她。考查名词辨析题。根据前文Mary fell down and was hurt very badly.，可知是带玛丽去了医院，故选D。
44．句意：她把装着钱的粉红色纸袋给了凯特。考查形容词辨析题。根据前文One day she found a pink paper bag on the way to school.，可知纸袋是粉色的，故选B。
45．句意：现在我决定告诉你真相。考查名词辨析题。A. lie谎言；B. story故事；C. truth真相；D. result结果。根据句意语境，可知truth符合语境，故选C。
46．句意：所以请不要把这件事告诉学校！考查连词辨析题。A. And和，表并列；B. But但是，表转折；C. Or或者，表选择；D. So所以，表因果。本句前后是因果关系，需用so连接；根据句意语境，可知选D。
47．句意：你现在很诚实，但你做了错事。考查形容词辨析题。根据句意语境，玛丽讲出了真相，可知是诚实的，故选D。
48．句意：虽然我不会告诉任何人，但我希望你不要贪婪，不要做任何错事。考查副词辨析题。A. never从不，表完全否定；B. seldom很少，表（不完全）否定；C. sometimes有时；D. usually通常。and连接并列结构，根据句意语境，可知never符合句意，故选A。
49．句意：这个女孩（玛丽）感谢凯特并欢呼起来。考查动词短语辨析题。A. got up起床；B. woke up醒来；C. gave up放弃；D. cheered up欢呼。根据句意语境，可知前面三个选项都与句意不合，故选D。
50．句意：学期结束时，凯特因为在学校里是一个非常乐于助人的女孩而获奖。考查名词辨析题。A. prize奖励（品）；B. laugh嘲笑；C. joke玩笑；D. reply答复。根据句意语境，可知prize符合文意，故选A。
点睛：完型填空是难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索，语法知识,以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配，结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。
51．low 52．send 53．safe 54．passengers 55．line 56．train 57．need 58．trouble 59．pets 60．lie
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在现代生活中，人们在公共场所需要懂得的一些礼仪，例如：如何在公共场所使用电话，如何文明乘坐地铁等。
51．根据“Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public.”可知，在公共场所打电话声音要低一些，voice前需填形容词。故填low。
52．根据“Stop sending messages or playing games with your mobile phone at a dinner or a party.”可知，吃晚餐或聚会时，不要发信息或玩手机游戏，祈使句Don’t后需填动词原形。故填send。
53．根据“Don’t make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law.”可知，开车接打电话不安全，is not后需填形容词。故填safe。
54．根据“For underground passengers”可知，这里是地铁乘客应遵守的礼仪，空处需填可数名词复数。故填passengers。
55．根据“You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the underground.”可知，买票和上地铁时要排队，固定搭配wait in line表示“排队等候”。故填line。
56．根据“It’s our duty to keep the train clean and tidy.”可知，我们要保持地铁整洁，the后需填名词，特指前面提到的underground。故填train。
57．根据“Offering your seat to someone who needs it is regarded as good manners.”可知，把座位让给有需要的人，介词in后需填名词。故填need。
58．根据“You can’t eat, drink or smoke on the underground train. The smell and noise may bring others trouble.”可知，吃东西或抽烟的味道和噪音会给其他人带来麻烦，情态动词may后需填动词原形。故填trouble。
59．根据“You can’t take pets onto the train.”可知，不能带宠物上地铁，空处需填可数名词复数。故填pets。
60．根据“You’d better not lie on the underground seats even if the train isn’t crowded.”可知，即使地铁不拥挤也不要躺在座位上，祈使句Don’t后需填动词原形。故填lie。
61．例文：
We are going to hold a talk on good table manners next Friday. It will take place at 2:30 p.m. in the school hall. There will be much advice on table manners. First of all, you shouldn’t start eating until everyone is ready. Second, it is impolite to make too much noise while eating. Third, you should not talk with food in your mouth. Finally, always remember to wait for everyone to finish before you leave the table. These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
【详解】1.题干解读：题干要求写一篇短文宣传关于良好餐桌礼仪的讲座，表格中给出了提示内容，写作时注意包含全部要点，并适当添加细节。
2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时，以第二和第三人称进行写作。先介绍讲座的时间和地点，在描述内容和结论，要点之间使用衔接词，使文章逻辑清晰。注意主谓一致等语法问题，做到无拼写和标点错误。
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