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Unit 6 Electricity everywhere
知识点梳理
一、词形转换
1.electricity electrical electric electronic n.电 adj.用电的 adj.带电的；导电的 adj.电子的 4.connect v. (使)连接 connection n.连接 5.power v.驱动；推动n.能源 powerful adj.强大的，有影响力的 powerfully adv.强大地；强烈地；非常 6.rule n.规则；条例 v.统治，管辖 ruler v.统治者，管理者；尺子 7.teach v.讲授；教育taught-taught teacher n.教师 teaching n.教学工作adj.教学的
2.safe adj.安全的，平安的 safety n.安全；安全性 safely adv.安全地 3.instruction n.用法说明；操作指南 instruct v.指示；教导 instructor n.教练；导师
二、重点短语(单词与短语过关见本书第三部分P117)
1.turn off=switch off 关闭；关掉 turn on/switch on 打开 turn up(把音量)调高 turn down(把音量)降低 turn over 翻转过来；移交 turn around 转身 take turns轮流 2.be connected to... 把…连上 be connected with...与..有联系 3.have sth.in common有共同之处 4.a light bulb 电灯泡 5.air conditioners 空调 6.video game 电子游戏 7.run out of用完；耗尽 8.go bad变质 9.electric car 电动汽车 10.electrical appliances 电器 11.care about关注；担忧 12.climate change气候变化 13.join in 参加；加入 14.solar power太阳能 15.a power station 一个发电站 16.give us a special task给我们一个特别的任务 17.for a while 一会儿 18.on Friday nights每周五晚上 19.most household tasks 大多数家务 20.by hand用手工 21.go on a bike trip骑自行车旅行 22.an interesting experience一次有趣的经历 23.at the speed of(p88) 以…的速度 24.per second(p88)每秒 25.stay away from(p90)远离 26.not..any more(p90)不再… 27.broken cables(p91)破损的电缆 28.landmark buildings地标建筑 29.as well还；也
三、重点句型(读背记)
1.Why do you think electricity is important to us 你为什么认为电对我们很重要 2.However,it turned out that it was very hard to live without electricity. 然而，事实证明，没有电我们很难生活。 3.However,there were also nice things about living without electricity. 然而，没有电的生活也有美好的一面。 4.This was a really interesting experience,but I cannot imagine living without electricity for more than a few days. 这真是一次有趣的经历，但我不能想象在几天没有电的情况下生活是什么样子。 5.We mustn't touch any electrical appliances with wet hands. (p91) 我们切勿用湿手触碰任何电器。 6.Small changes can make a great difference.小小的改变可以产生巨大的影响。
提升训练
一、完成句子
1．我和我最好的朋友有着某些相同之处。
My best friend and I something .
2．把牛奶放进冰箱里，否则它会变质的。
Put the milk into the , or it will .
3．她真的很关心她的朋友们。
She really her friends.
4．下周六学生们将参加全民国防教育日的活动。
The students the activities on Nationwide National Defense Education Day next Saturday.
5．如果你的钱用完了，你就不能买那本书了。
If you your money, you can't buy the book.
二、短文填空
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
In order to protect our Earth, people set up Earth Hour. It s 6 on 31 March in 2007. And now it is always on the last Saturday of March every year. On this day, millions of people will s 7 off their lights, staying in darkness for one hour. Some of them also give up using other electrical appliances, for e 8 , air conditioners, TVs, and computers. They do this to s 9 electricity.
Earth Hour is not only about cutting down the use of electricity, but also about showing care for our beautiful p 10 — the Earth. We share it with other animals and plants. We should protect it!
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下面所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Think about this: when you walk into the room, the light is on and there is beautiful music. Is it something 11 only in the movies No, it’s really happening in our lives.
I have many smart home devices (智能家用设备) in my house! The smart light bulbs (电灯泡) are 12 great devices. They can change colours and brightness (亮度) to make my eyes feel 13 in different situations (情形), like reading a book, watching a movie or using the computer. 14 I go to bed and say “Good night!”, they will turn off all by themselves.
I also have a smart speaker. It can speak and 15 what I say. When I say “play a song”, it will play beautiful music for me. Sometimes, when I’m sad, it even makes funny animal sounds to make me 16 .
A robot vacuum is really necessary (必需的) because it saves me a lot of 17 . My mum and I like it. We don’t need to spend hours cleaning the floors. It moves around to keep the floors 18 . My cat likes the machine too. She 19 riding on it and going around the house. How interesting!
The smart home devices make my home a fantastic place and make the housework 20 and fun! But I know that we need to be careful and use them safely.
11．A．dangerous B．possible C．important D．natural
12．A．hardly B．usually C．probably D．certainly
13．A．comfortable B．tired C．terrible D．happy
14．A．Before B．When C．Because D．Although
15．A．ask B．agree C．understand D．like
16．A．win B．think C．worry D．smile
17．A．money B．time C．food D．space
18．A．clean B．expensive C．thin D．wet
19．A．remembers B．stops C．minds D．enjoys
20．A．new B．easy C．old D．hard
四、语法选择
We don’t have electrical accidents(事故) very often. But when they happen, you should know 21 to do. Even if you can’t help 22 at the time, you can tell the adult and others around how 23 you. So, it is very important for everyone to learn 24 about them.
Sometimes electrical accidents can start fires. Electrical fires are different 25 other fires. Water conduct(传导)electricity. So 26 water on an electrical fire can only make the fire larger. Here is 27 you should remember:
① Never use water on an electrical fire;
② Turn 28 the power in the house;
③ If the fire is not a large one, tell an adult 29 it out in a safe way. If the fire is a very large one, leave the house and take everyone with you;
④ Call 119 and tell 30 police about the electrical fire. At last, leave the fire address and your name.
21．A．that B．how C．when D．what
22．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself
23．A．save B．to save C．saving D．to saving
24．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
25．A．to B．of C．from D．with
26．A．throw B．throwing C．threw D．to throwing
27．A．what B．how C．which D．that
28．A．on B．out C．off D．down
29．A．put B．to put C．putting D．puts
30．A．a B．an C．the D．/
五、阅读理解
One evening, Daisy said, “I’m going to buy a packet of sweets. Does anyone want anything ”
Benny, Daisy’s brother, replied, “Can you get me a packet of electricity ”
“Yes, I can,” said Daisy. Then she went out. Benny laughed, “She can’t buy electricity in packets like sweets! She’ll look foolish.” Mum said, “You mustn’t say that, Benny!” “What do you know about electricity, Benny ” Dad asked.
“Electricity gives us power. It flows through wires. It’s like water, in a way,” said Benny.
“You’re right! Electricity comes into our flat through wires. These are connected to cables under the street,” Dad added.
“What are the cables connected to ” asked Benny.
“They’re connected to a power station,” answered Dad.
A moment later, Daisy came back.
“May I have my packet of electricity ” Benny asked.
“Here you are!” said Daisy.
“But... these are batteries!” said Benny.
“Daisy’s right,” said Dad. “The chemicals inside batteries produce electricity.”
Mum said, “Who looks foolish now, Benny ”
31．What did Daisy want to buy
A．Electricity. B．Chemicals. C．Batteries. D．Sweets.
32．Benny knew everything about electricity, didn’t he
A．Yes, he did. B．No, he did. C．Yes, he didn’t. D．No, he didn’t.
33．How does electricity come into their flat
A．Through the cables. B．Through a power station. C．Through wires. D．Through lights.
34．What are the wires connected to
A．The street. B．A power station. C．The cables. D．Batteries.
35．Who looked foolish at last
A．Father. B．Mother. C．Daisy. D．Benny.
Energy is everywhere. We use energy every day.
Electricity is a form of energy and this is what powers the TV, hair dryer, phone, fridge, electric toothbrush and more! Our growing need for energy is one of the problems that the world is facing today, because producing electricity also produces pollution.
Here are some simple ways to make a big difference when we are using electricity.
On or off Leaving televisions and computers off with the little red lights on still uses electricity, even though they might look like they’re turned off. To stop this you can turn them off.
Lights out! Turning lights off when you’re not in the room can save a lot of energy.
Fridge doors closed. The fridge is an important part of the kitchen, because it keeps food fresh, cool and healthy! But it takes a lot of energy to keep cool, so try not to leave the fridge door open or put hot things inside.
Use solar energy. An increasing number of people are fitting solar panels to their houses. They create electricity from sunlight, which can then be used to power their homes. Solar heating panels make hot water, reducing the need for electricity or gas.
36．What can save energy according to the passage
A．Turning the lights off when you’re not in the room.
B．Using gas to create electricity.
C．Leaving the fridge door open or put hot things inside.
D．Leaving televisions and computers on.
37．There are ________ ways to save electricity in the passage.
A．three B．four C．five D．six
38．Which is NOT true according to the passage
A．We don’t have any energy problems today.
B．The fridge can keep food fresh, cool and healthy.
C．When we produce electricity, we produce pollution too.
D．Electricity from sunlight can be used to power our homes.
39．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．electricity is a form of energy B．how to create electricity from sunlight
C．how to use the fridge correctly D．the different ways to save electricity
六、任务型阅读
In China, each year we produce about 250 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go People usually burn or bury (埋) it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part Still burnt or buried. But is it a good way
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment; we should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generation.
China is getting really serious about waste now. We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting (分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have had their own sorting systems. Waste sorting is a new fashion. More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
40．How much city waste do we produce every year in China
41．Who should we leave clean water and green mountains to
42．When did China start to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into the country
43．What do you think of waste sorting Why Write 30 words or more.
七、书面表达
44．假设你叫李明，你打算以“Lower Carbon, Happier Life”为题向校报英语角投稿，介绍你对低碳生活的认识并呼吁人们采取行动。请你根据以下内容提示用英文写一篇短文。
低碳生活：
1. 步行或骑自行车上学；
2. 节约用水、用电；
3. 用过的课本留给低年级学生；
4. 购物时带上篮子，不用塑料袋。
注意：
1. 可适当拓展信息；
2. 不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名；
3. 语句连贯，词数80左右（作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数）。
Lower Carbon, Happier Life
It’s our duty to protect the environment.
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《Unit 6 Electricity everywhere 知识点梳理 提升训练 -- 沪教版2024 七年级英语下册》参考答案
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B D A B C D B A D B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D D B A C B A C B C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
答案 D D C C D A B A D
1． have in common
【详解】have something in common“有某些相同之处”，时态是一般现在时，主语是My best friend and I，动词用原形。故填have；in；common。
2． fridge go bad
【详解】冰箱：fridge，用名词单数；变质：go bad，will后加动词原形。故填fridge；go；bad。
3． cares about
【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“关心”，用care about，动词短语作谓语。描述事实用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数的She，谓语动词用三单形式。care的三单形式为cares。故填cares；about。
4．will join in/will take part in
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“将参加”，will“将要”，后加动词原形；join in/take part in“参加”，动词短语。故填will join in/take part in。
5． run out of
【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺的是“用完”，是短语run out of，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，用的是“主情从现”的用法，从句要用一般现在时，主语是第二人称，动词用原形，故填run；out；of。
6．(s)tarted 7．(s)witch 8．(e)xample 9．(s)ave 10．(p)lanet
【导语】本文主要介绍了地球一小时活动。
6．句意：它始于2007年3月31日。根据语境并结合首字母可知空处应用start；句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，故填(s)tarted。
7．句意：在这一天，数百万人将关掉他们的灯，在黑暗中停留一小时。由“staying in darkness”可知此处表示关灯，switch off“关掉”，will后应用动词原形。故填(s)witch。
8．句意：他们中的一些人还放弃使用其他电器，例如空调、电视和电脑。根据“air conditioners, TVs, and computers.”和首字母提示，此处是举例说明，for example“例如”，表示举例说明。故填(e)xample。
9．句意：他们这样做是为了节省电力。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处表示节约用电，save“节省，节约”，动词不定式符号to后面跟动词原形。故填(s)ave。
10．句意：地球一小时不仅仅是减少电力的使用，更是关心我们美丽的星球——地球。根据“the Earth”可知，此处表示“星球”，planet“行星，地球”，用单数形式。故填(p)lanet。
11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者家里有很多智能家居设备。作者认为这些设备给他的生活带来了很多便利。
11．句意：这是只有在电影里才有可能发生的事情吗？
dangerous危险的；possible可能的；important重要的；natural自然的。根据“Is it something…only in the movies ”可知，只有在电影里才有可能发生的事情。故选B。
12．句意：智能灯泡无疑是很棒的设备。
hardly几乎不；usually通常；probably可能地；certainly无疑。根据“The smart light bulbs (电灯泡) are…great devices.”可知，智能灯泡当然是很棒的设备。故选D。
13．句意：它们可以改变颜色和亮度，让我的眼睛在不同的情况下感觉舒适，比如读书、看电影或使用电脑。
comfortable舒服的；tired疲倦的；terrible糟糕的；happy开心的。根据“in different situations (情形), like reading a book, watching a movie or using the computer.”可知，改变颜色和亮度，让眼睛在不同的情况下感觉舒适。故选A。
14．句意：当我上床睡觉并说“晚安！”时，它们就会自行关闭。
Before之前；When当……时；Because因为；Although虽然。根据“I go to bed and say ‘Good night!’, they will turn off all by themselves.”可知，此处应是用when引导时间状语从句。表示“当……时”。故选B。
15．句意：它可以说话并理解我所说的话。
ask询问，要求；agree同意；understand理解；like喜欢。根据“When I say “play a song”, it will play beautiful music for me.”可知，它能理解我所说的话。故选C。
16．句意：有时，当我悲伤的时候，它甚至会发出有趣的动物声音让我微笑。
win赢；think认为；worry担心；smile微笑。根据“when I’m sad”可知，难过时，它会发出有趣的动物声音让我微笑。故选D。
17．句意：扫地机器人真的很有必要，因为它节省了我很多时间。
money金钱；time时间；food食物；space空间。根据“We don’t need to spend hours cleaning the floors.”可知，它节省了很多时间。故选B。
18．句意：它四处移动以保持地板清洁。
clean干净的；expensive昂贵的；thin廋的；wet湿的。根据“It moves around to keep the floors…”可知，它四处移动以保持地板清洁。故选A。
19．句意：她喜欢骑着它在房子里走来走去。
remembers记住；stops停止；minds介意；enjoys享受，喜欢。根据“My cat likes the machine too.”可知，小猫喜欢骑着它在房子里走来走去。故选D。
20．句意：智能家居设备让我的家成为一个美妙的地方，让家务变得轻松有趣！
new新的；easy容易的；old老的；hard艰难的。根据“The smart home devices make my home a fantastic place and make the housework…and fun!”可知，智能家居设备让家务变得轻松有趣！故选B。
21．D 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了发生电气火灾时应注意的事项。
21．句意：但当它们发生时，你应该知道该怎么做。
that引导从句，无实际意义；how怎样；when何时；what什么。此空作do的宾语，所以应填what，故选D。
22．句意：即使你当时无法控制自己，你也可以告诉大人和周围的人如何拯救你。
you你，主格或宾格；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己。当宾语与主语为同一人称时，宾语用反身代词，故选D。
23．句意：即使你当时无法控制自己，你也可以告诉大人和周围的人如何拯救你。
save动词原形；to save动词不定式；saving动名词；to saving介词to+动名词。疑问词how+动词不定式作动词tell的宾语，故选B。
24．句意：所以，对每个人来说，了解它们是非常重要的。
something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没什么事。根据“learn…about them”可知，了解关于它们的一些事情，肯定句应填something，故选A。
25．句意：电气火灾不同于其他火灾。
to到；of……的；from从；with带有。be different from“不同于”，形容词短语，故选C。
26．句意：因此，向电气火灾泼水只会使火势更大。
throw动词原形；throwing动名词；threw动词过去式；to throwing介词to+动名词。此空在句中作主语，应用动名词，故选B。
27．句意：以下是你应该记住的。
what什么；how怎样；which哪一个；that引导从句，无实际意义。此空作动词remember的宾语，应填what，故选A。
28．句意：把家里的电源关掉。
on在上面；out出去；off离开；down向下。根据常识可知，如果着火了需要关闭家里的电源，turn off“关闭”，故选C。
29．句意：如果火不是很大，告诉一个成年人用安全的方法扑灭它。
put动词原形；to put动词不定式；putting动名词；puts动词三单。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故选B。
30．句意：打119，告诉警察电气火灾的事。
a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个/那个；/不填。此处表示特指，应填the，故选C。
31．D 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一家人关于电的对话。
31．细节理解题。根据文章开头Daisy说，“I’m going to buy a packet of sweets. Does anyone want anything ”可知她想买一包糖果。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据Dad问Benny “What do you know about electricity, Benny ”和“‘What are the cables connected to ’asked Benny.”可知，Benny虽然知道一些关于电的事情，但他并不完全了解，故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据Dad的回答“Electricity comes into our flat through wires.”可知，电是通过电线进入他们的公寓的。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据Dad的回答“These are connected to cables under the street” 可知，电线连接到街上地下的电缆。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“The chemicals inside batteries produce electricity.”可知，Benny发现Daisy带回来的是电池而不是电，因此他看起来比较傻。故选D。
36．A 37．B 38．A 39．D
【导语】 本文主要介绍了节约用电的一些方法。
36．细节理解题。根据“Turning lights off when you’re not in the room can save a lot of energy.”可知，当你不在房间的时候关灯可以节省很多能源。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“On or off ”、“Lights out!”、“Fridge doors closed.”以及“Use solar energy.”可知，本文主要讲了四个节约用电的方法。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“Our growing need for energy is one of the problems that the world is facing today,”可知，我们对能源日益增长的需求是当今世界面临的问题之一，A项表述错误。故A。
39．主旨大意题。根据“Here are some simple ways to make a big difference when we are using electricity.”并通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了节约用电的方法。故选D。
40．About 250 million tons. 41．Our next generation. 42．From January 2018. 43．I think waste sorting is a very important environmental measure. Because it can reduce the pollution of waste. Through waste sorting, we can separate recyclable materials, wet waste (kitchen waste), and dry waste to avoid mixing them together and causing greater pollution.
【导语】本文主要讲了中国每年要产生大量的垃圾，这危害着人们的健康和环境，因此中国开始采取一系列措施。
40．根据“In China, each year we produce about 250 million tons of city waste according to a report.”可知，在中国，我们每年产生大约2.5亿吨城市垃圾。故填About 250 million tons.
41．根据“we should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generation”可知，我们应该把青山绿水留给我们的下一代。故填Our next generation.
42．根据第三段中的“From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country.”可知，从2018年1月起，中国开始阻止24种废物进入我国。故填From January 2018.
43．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为I think waste sorting is a very important environmental measure. Because it can reduce the pollution of waste. Through waste sorting, we can separate recyclable materials, wet waste (kitchen waste), and dry waste to avoid mixing them together and causing greater pollution.
44．例文
Lower Carbon, Happier Life
It’s our duty to protect the environment. We can do many things to live a low-carbon life. First, we can ride to school or go to school on foot and tell our parents to ride to work instead of driving a car. Second, we should save water and electricity by turning off the taps and lights in time when we don’t need them. Third, we can give the old textbooks to the lower-grade students if we don’t use them anymore. At last, we should go shopping with baskets rather than plastic bags. I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things.
Lower carbon, happier life. Let’s take action.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”的要求均要一一阐述，适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图。借用“保护环境是我们的责任。”来引出重点介绍的内容。
第二步：具体阐述写作内容。依照提示信息的要点——步行或骑自行车上学、节约用水、用电、用过的课本留给低年级学生、带上购物篮等均要一一阐述。
第三步：书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①instead of代替
②go shopping去购物
③better and better越来越好
[高分句型]
①Second, we should save water and electricity by turning off the taps and lights in time when we don’t need them. (when引导的时间状语从句）
②I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things. (宾语从句)
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