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2019人教版选择性必修四Unit3Review Useful Structures
不定式用法课件
Page 29
1. Find all the sentences containing infinitives in the reading
passage. Then mark their functions.
1 As the subject (S) 主语
2 As the predicative (P) 表语
3 As the object (O) 宾语
4 As the object complement (OC) 宾补
5 As the attributive (Attr) 定语
6 As the adverbial (Ad) 状语
Suggested Answers:
To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion
for ...
Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea
routes from west to east.
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to
negotiate trade deals ...
These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their
own at that time.
S
OC
Ad
Attr
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.
The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and ...
Trading has grown greatly ..., and will continue to do so in
years to come.
... which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the
benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
... there are still many other places left to explore.
S
P
O
Attr
O
Attr
China has joined other nations on several expeditions
to explore the Arctic.
... there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order
to understand climate change and its effects.
... the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships
will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
Attr
Attr/Ad
Attr
OC
Attr
课前自主扫描
主动形式 被动形式 含义
一般式 　
完成式 　
进行式 \ 　
完成 进行式 \ 　
to do
to be done
to be
doing
to have
done
to have
been done
to have
been doing
表示不定式动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后
表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前
表示谓语动作发生时,不定式动作正在进行
表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前且一直持续到谓语动作发生时,仍在进行
动词不定式的构成
Discovering the functions of infinitives
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
Can you mark the functions of infinitives in three sentences
2
Discovering the functions of infinitives
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
Can you mark the functions of infinitives in three sentences
OC
Subject + Verb + Object + [ Object Complement]
Discovering the functions of infinitives
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
Can you mark the functions of infinitives in three sentences
OC
Ad
Subject + Verb + [ Adverbial ]
Discovering the functions of infinitives
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
Can you mark the functions of infinitives in three sentences
OC
Ad
P
Subject + Be + [ Predicative ]
Find other sentences containing infinitives in the reading passage and mark their functions.
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
S
OC
Ad
Attr
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
S
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
O
Attr
O
P
Attr
Attr
Attr
Ad
Attr
Attr
OC
1 As the subject (S主语) 2 As the predicative (P表语) 3 As the object (O宾语)
4 As the object complement (OC宾补) 5 As the attributive (Attr定语) 6 As the adverbial (Ad状语)
一、不定式做主语
一、不定式做主语
表示具体的、一次性的、即将的、未做的行为与动作；
动名词作主语
表示习惯的、反复的、多次的、完成的行为与动作
e.g. To say is one thing; to do is another.
You can't help wondering how hard it was for the people
then _______ (put) all those rocks into place.
It is possible _______ (walk ) or bike the entire 14
kilometers.
to put
to walk
二、不定式作表语
不定式用作表语时放在系动词(be动词)之后，有时也放在seem, remain等其他少数连系动词后。不定式作表语时表示的动作往往是具体的、 一次性的、将来的、未做的动作。主语通常时dream、wish、idea、plan、task、purpose、duty、job等的名词。
e.g. A lot of machines remain _______________. (repair)
His wish is _________ abroad for further study. (go)
She seems _________________ a lot in the past few years.
(travel)
to be repaired
to go
to have travelled
三、不定式作宾语
常跟不定式作宾语的动词有：
agree, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, happen, intend, learn, plan, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, threaten, wish等。
e.g. It happened to _____________ (rain) when I stepped out of
the house last night.
She pretended ____________ (read) when her father
walked inside.
Tom agreed __________ (come) but he has not turned up
yet.
to be raining
to be reading
to come
四、不定式作定语
被only, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。
e.g. Rita was the first __________ (come) and the last __________
(leave).
He was the first man ___________( fly) across the Atlantic.
有些名词后面常接不定式作定语，如ability, chance, desire, decision, effort, intention, need, opportunity, plan, promise, pressure, right, time, way等。
e.g. You have the chance _________ (ask) any questions you like after
the presentation.
to come
to leave
to fly
to ask
五、不定式作状语
不定式作状语，常表示目的(in order to/so as to/to)、原因、结果等。
e.g. I remember putting the keys on the table, but now it is nowhere
_____________(see)．
不定式作结果状语时，常用于“only +不定式”结构，表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果；现在分词做结果状语表示自然而然的结果。
e.g. He hurried to the station only _____________ (tell) the train
had already left.
to be seen
to be told
六、不定式作补语
跟不定式作补语的动词及动词词组：
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, wait for, call on, depend on
e.g. We advised him _________ (drive) slowly on the high way.
He was advised _________(drive) slowly on the high way.
We advised ________ (drive) slowly in the downtown area.
to drive
to drive
driving
Read the beginning of The Little Mermaid and use the proper forms of the verbs in brackets to fill in the blanks.
Far out in the ocean, where the water is as clear as glass, lives the Sea King. The ocean is too deep _____________ (measure). We may imagine there is nothing except yellow sand under the sea, but actually it is not rare _________ (see) the most unique flowers and plants __________ (dance) in the fast-moving water. In the deepest spot of all stands the Sea King’s castle, which has walls of coral and a roof _________ (form) of beautiful shells. The mother of the king, a wise woman who is proud __________________ (be) born into the royal family, takes care of his six daughters.
to measure
to see
dancing
formed
to have been born
Among the six sea-princesses, the youngest is the prettiest. Although she has delicate skin like a rose-leaf and eyes as blue as the deepest sea, she has no feet but a fish tail just like her sisters. The most common way for the princesses ________ (play) all day long is ___________________ (swim) in the halls of the castle or among the flowers growing out of the walls, feeding and touching the fish ___________ (swim) up to their hands through the windows. They seem_____________(not worry) about anything, except for the youngest, who …
to play
to swim/swimming
swimming
not to worry
Summary
In today’s lesson, you’ve…
reviewed the forms and functions of different types of infinitives;
made sentences with infinitives, -ing form and -ed form correctly;
used infinitives properly in writing a story.
Homework
Read a story of a seal on Page 34 and complete the passage with the proper forms of the verbs in brackets.
Read a news report about Jiaolong on Page 76 and complete it with the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
Thank you for listening.

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