资源简介

(共49张PPT)
The world
meets China
Unit 3
PART.01
Learning Objectives
Review and summarize the usage of adverbial clauses. Correctly use it in the real context. Master and be able to correctly use vocabulary or expressions related to cultural exchanges, and try to come up with more different related expressions.
01
Understand the course of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, expand cultural horizons, strengthen cultural confidence, and conduct preliminary thinking on how Chinese culture can better go to the world.
03
Through listening training broaden your horizons in various aspects, and improve the comprehensive language use in real contexts.
02
Learning Objectives
Through reading and listening, students can improve the comprehensive language use in real contexts, and grasp the usage of adverbial clauses.
Students can understand the course of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, expand cultural horizons, strengthen cultural confidence, and conduct preliminary thinking on how Chinese culture can better go to the world.
01
02
Teaching Focuses and Anticipated Difficulties
PART.02
Grammar
01
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them.
If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks …
… Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.
Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange …, Dunhuang was the ideal place.
1. Classify the adverbial clauses in the sentences.
□condition □comparison □reason □time
2. What other types of adverbial clause can you think of Give some examples.
a
b
d
c
Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view.
The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
Move over here where you can see it in more detail.
Now, something really extraordinary happened in 1900, when a Taoist priest made one of the most important finds of the 20th century.
Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.
Now look for more sentences with adverbial clauses in the reading passage.
Adverbial clauses——状语从句
（在句中作状语的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。）
状语从句
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
方式状语从句
比较状语从句
状语从句种类 引导词
时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, till/until, before, after, since, as soon as
条件状语从句 if, unless, so/as long as, once, in case
原因状语从句 because, as, since, now (that)
目的状语从句 so that, in order that
结果状语从句 so ... that ..., such ... that ...
让步状语从句 though/although, as, even if/though, no matter wh-
地点状语从句 where, wherever
方式状语从句 as, as if/though
比较状语从句 as ... as, not so ... as, than
1. when, while, as
①when引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时或祈使句，表示将来的意义时，从句通常用一般现在时。(简称 “主将从现” )。
When he comes here, I will call you.
②while引导的时间状语从句表示正在发生某事的同时，另一件事发生了或正在发生。多用进行时态，主句时态视情况而定。
While my mother was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
③as引导时间状语从句时，谓语动词是延续性动词；表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生。
As time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer.
一、时间状语从句
2. till, until
①主句为肯定句：谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。
I’ll wait for you till/until you come to see me.
②主句为否定句：谓语动词是非延续性动词, 常用句式 not … until “直到……才”。表否定意义的词还有never, nothing等。
I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.
一、时间状语从句
3. before, after
①before引导的时间状语从句，从句的谓语动词用过去时，主句用过去完成时。
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
②after引导的时间状语从句，主句的谓语动词用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
After we had finished the work, we went home.
4. since
since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。即… have done … since sb. did … “自从某人做了……一直……”; It is + 一段时间 + since sb. did… “(自从) 做某事有…… (多久)”。
I have worked in this school since I graduated from Peking University.
一、时间状语从句
地点状语从句表示事件发生的地点或方向，主要由下列引导词引导：where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等。where/wherever引导地点状语从句指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Put it wherever we can see it.
二、地点状语从句
where引导的状语从句与定语从句的区别：
若where前有表示地点的名词，则为定语从句；若无，则为状语从句。
The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.
The little girl who got lost decided to remain in the place where she was and wait for her mother.
原因状语从句表示主句动作或状态发生的原因或理由，可位于主句之前、之后或插在主句中。主句表示结果，从句表示原因。
1. because引导原因状语从句时，表示直接的原因或理由，用于回答why，语气最强。
He is absent today because he is ill.
2. since引导原因状语从句时，表示对方已知的、无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。
Since everyone is here, let’s begin our discussion.
3. as引导原因状语从句时，表示附带说明的双方已知的原因，语气比since弱，较正式，位置较灵活，常放于主句之前。
As it was a public holiday, all the shops were shut.
三、原因状语从句
有前提或条件的从句叫条件状语从句，主要由下列引导词引导：if, unless(=if ... not), on condition that, , as/so long as, as/so far as, supposing (that), what if, in case等。
1. 时态: 主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时。
I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
We can’t pass the exam unless we study hard.
2. “祈使句, + and/or + 陈述句”中，祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。
Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
= If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
3. unless 意为 “如果不, 除非”, 相当于if … not …。
Unless you make up your mind, I won’t be able to help you
四、条件状语从句
4. if是最常用的引导条件状语从句的连词，它表达的假设既可以是真实的条件，也可以是虚拟的条件。
If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.
If I were you, I wouldn’t go without saying goodbye.
5. so/as long as, on condition that 意为 “只要”。
So long as you run the marathon, you have the chance of winning a medal.
I will do it on condition that you help me.
6. in case 为 “以防，万一”, 引导从句为主句的动作提供假设或理由。
You’d better have a snack in case there is no time to eat later.
四、条件状语从句
让步状语从句用于表示主句的情景与从句所说的情况产生的情景相反，但不影响事情的进行或实现。让步状语从句可以置于句首、句中、句尾。
1. though/although（尽管，虽然）引导让步状语从句时，两者通常可以互换使用。可与yet或still连用，不可与but连用。
Though/Although journalism seems like a good profession, I would prefer to be a teacher.
2. as（尽管，虽然）引导让步状语从句时，从句中一般要用部分倒装结构，也就是将形容词、副词、名词或分词提到句首。如果作表语的是名词，该名词前不用冠词。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
五、让步状语从句
3. whether … or … “不管…….还是……”引导让步状语从句时，表示两种情况的对比。
Whether we can go or not, you guarantee to finish your homework.
4. “疑问词+ever”与“no matter+疑问词”在引导让步状语从句时可以互换。
Whatever/No matter what happened, he would not mind.
5. even though/if（即使，尽管）引导的让步状语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。
Even though/Even if it is raining, we’ll go there.
Even if I were busy, I would go.
五、让步状语从句
目的状语从句表示主句中的动作或状态发生的目的或动机，常位于主句之后，主要由下列引导词引导：in order that, so that, for fear that, in case, lest等。
1. 引导词(组): so that, in order that等。从句谓语中常含有may, can, must, will等情态动词。
He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.
2. 当主、从句的主语一致时，从句可用 “so as to/in order to + 动词原型”代替。
He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
= He worked day and night in order to succeed.
六、目的状语从句
1. so ... that、such ... that
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.
2. so … that 句型的否定形式可用too … to … 或 not … enough to构成的简单句代替。
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
= He is too young to go to school.
= He is not old enough to go to school.
七、结果状语从句
so
形容词/副词
many/few+复数名词
much/little+不可数名词
形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式
that从句
such
a/an+可数名词单数形式
复数名词
不可数名词
that从句
八、方式状语从句
方式状语从句描述主句中动作或状态发生的方式或方法，主要由下列引导词引导：as, as if, as though等。as if/though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。
The lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. （虚拟语气）
It looks as if it is going to rain.
Use a book as a bee does a flower.
比较状语从句也是一种方式状语，用于表示同等程度的比较，主要由下列引导词引导：than, as ... as, “A is to B what C is to D”, “the+比较级, the+比较级”等。
The director gave me a better offer than he gave Dick.
Water is to fish what air is to man.
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
You are as tall as your father (is).
九、比较状语从句
Complete the passage with the clauses in the box.
02
Yo-Yo Ma is a French-born Chinese American cellist known for his musical talent. In 1998, Ma founded Silkroad, an organisation that explores musical traditions in countries 1. _________________________
______________.
The fundamental purpose of Silkroad is to bring people from across the globe together to play and listen to music. Instruments and styles are blended together to create music that is surprising, rich, and completely original, 2. ____________________________. What’s more, 3. _______________________, ___________ people can learn about the development of culture as a whole.
The events that Silkroad organises are either performances, workshops, or mixed musical-artistic displays. It is so successful 4.____________________________________. People meet as strangers, but they leave 5._____________________, learning that different cultures have more in common than they imagined.
no matter what culture it comes from
so that people can learn about different cultures
as if they are neighbours
that over 15,000 people each year attend them
as the traditional is mixed with the modern
so that people can learn about
no matter what culture it comes from
as the traditional is mixed with
that over 15,000 people each year attend them
as if they are neighbours
different cultures
the modern
Now talk about what types of adverbial clause they are.
In 1998, Ma founded Silkroad, an organisation that explores musical traditions in countries so that people can learn about different cultures.
Instruments and styles are blended together to create music that is surprising, rich, and completely original, no matter what culture it comes from.
What’s more, as the traditional is mixed with the modern, people can learn about the development of culture as a whole.
It is so successful that over 15,000 people each year attend them.
People meet as strangers, but they leave as if they are neighbours, learning that different cultures have more in common than they imagined.
(purpose)
(concession)
(reason)
(manner)
(result)
Look at the picture and describe it using adverbial clauses where appropriate. You may use the information to help you.
03
Since HSR service started in China in 2008, it has undergone rapid growth …
Look at the picture and describe it using adverbial clauses where appropriate. You may use the information to help you.
03
Since HSR service started in China in 2008, it has undergone rapid growth. The experience of train travel becomes much more efficient and enjoyable than before because journeys are not only much faster but also more comfortable. China’s HSR had another technological leap when a major breakthrough was made in 2015, using independent R&D. Travellers have become so accustomed to the incredible speed of HSR that many of us have already forgotten the old, slow trains of just a decade ago. Now, China cooperates with dozens of countries around the world in order to share its groundbreaking technology and develop HSR services overseas.
Sample
Work in pairs. Describe another Chinese innovation that has had a great impact both at home and abroad. Use adverbial clauses where appropriate.
04
Read the timeline and find out what contributions each person made. Pay attention to the expressions in red.
05
Zhang Qian, a diplomat, gave a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court.
The second century BC:
Contribution:
Zhang Qian gave a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court.
Read the timeline and find out what contributions each person made. Pay attention to the expressions in red.
05
Gan Ying, a military envoy, explored the Persian Gulf and became the first Chinese to get information on Europe.
The first century AD:
Contribution:
Gan Ying became the first Chinese to get information on Europe.
Read the timeline and find out what contributions each person made. Pay attention to the expressions in red.
05
Xuanzang, a Chinese monk, scholar and traveller, translated volumes of scriptures from Sanskrit to Chinese. He also wrote The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions, a description of the countries he visited on his travels.
The 7th century:
Contribution:
Xuanzang translated volumes of scriptures from Sanskrit to Chinese and wrote The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions.
Read the timeline and find out what contributions each person made. Pay attention to the expressions in red.
05
After six attempts, over a period of twelve years, Chinese monk Jianzhen arrived in Japan, where he promoted exchange and understanding between China and Japan.
The 8th century:
Contribution:
Jianzhen promoted exchange and understanding between China and Japan.
Read the timeline and find out what contributions each person made. Pay attention to the expressions in red.
05
Marco Polo travelled from Europe to Asia. The Travels of Marco Polo served to bring knowledge of Asia to the West.
The 13th century:
Contribution:
Marco Polo’s The Travels of Marco Polo served to bring knowledge of Asia to the West.
Read the timeline and find out what contributions each person made. Pay attention to the expressions in red.
05
Zheng He sailed to South-east Asia, South Asia, West Asia, and East Africa. Some of his voyages comprised as many as sixty treasure ships. These voyages led to a legacy of cultural exchange between China and other countries.
The 13th century:
Contribution:
Zheng He’s extensive voyages led to a legacy of cultural exchange between China and other countries.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the expressions in Activity 5.
06
Qian Zhongshu was a renowned literary scholar and writer. Born in 1910 in Jiangsu Province, he
showed a strong interest in books at a very young age, earning him the name “Zhongshu”, which
means fondness for books. His translations and writings 1 ______________________ of cultural
exchange between China and the West that continues to this day.
In 1929, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University. In 1935, he went to Europe. He spent two years at Oxford University, where he studied and 2 ___________________ English literature. He also studied in Paris for a year, before returning to China to teach. In addition to studying Western literature, he wrote a number of works on Chinese culture.
Qian was an expert in both Chinese and Western languages and culture. This made him an excellent translator, who 3 _________________________________ between Western and Chinese academics. Selected and Annotated Song Dynasty Poetry was one of the many works he 4 _____________________ Chinese to English. One of Qian’s great achievements was to produce comparative studies of classical Chinese texts, which made these works more accessible to Western readers. These books helped 5 ___________________ Chinese literature to the West.
led to a legacy
got information on
promoted exchange and understanding
translated from
bring knowledge of
PART.03
Listening
The Confucius Institute is a non-profit educational organisation run by the Chinese Ministry of Education, aiming to promote Chinese language and culture abroad and to encourage cultural exchange. The first institute opened in 2004, and today there are over 500 institutes around the world. In addition to Chinese language courses, the institutes also support activities, such as art exhibitions, concerts and film festivals.
Did You Know
Listen to the conversation and choose the topics covered.
07
The reason why Liang Ran decided to work for the Confucius Institute.
The working environment at the Institute.
The troubles he had during teaching.
A special moment from his time at the Institute.
What he learnt from his students.
The friends he made in New York.
Listen again and complete the passage.
08
Liang Ran spent 1 _________ abroad working as a teacher at 2 _________________________. He said it was a difficult decision, because it would mean 3 ________________. Finally, he decided to go as he wanted to help foreigners learn Chinese and learn about China. He also wanted to 4 ______________________________________.
At first, Liang was surprised at 5 ______________________, as they were quite varied. They were all interested in Chinese culture, however. One challenge they met was that they 6 _______________________________, so Liang had to give them a lot of support.
Liang’s most memorable experience was at the end of the year when students learnt about traditional Chinese dancing and 7. _____________. Liang said their 8. ________ was amazing.
Working there made Liang a better person. Through teaching Chinese, he 9 _______________
____________, and through interacting with students, he 10 ______________________.
a whole year
the Confucius Institute in New York
delaying his studies
experience life abroad and learn about Western culture
the different ages of the students
had some difficulty with Chinese characters
Chinese costumes
enthusiasm
became even more
proud of China
learnt more about the world
Now talk about the role the Confucius Institute plays in promoting intercultural exchange.
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation.
09
The reason why … is that …
That was due to …
On the whole, …
To sum up, …
In short, …
The reason why ...is that ...
That was due to ...
On the whole, ...
To sum up, ...
In short, ...
Giving reasons
Drawing conclusions
Work in pairs. Discuss what you can do to spread Chinese culture using the expressions in this section.
10
Now think about whether you can use the language you have learnt to express your ideas and give explanations, and whether you can understand your partner’s ideas and comment on them.
PART.04
Exercise
1. I was walking along the road _________ suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.
2. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ________ the late 1980s.
3. The disagreement was ________ sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
4. _________ unemployment and crime rates are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
5. I have made great progress in my studies ________ I came to this school.
6. The medicine works more effectively _______ you drink some hot water after taking it.
until
when
that
Where
since
if
Exercise 填写合适的引导词
Exercise 用所给短语的适当形式填空
1. The two companies decided to __________________ each other on a new project to develop advanced technology products.
2. Regular exercise is beneficial for your health. _____________, it helps improve your mood.
3. __________, the meeting covered a wide range of topics, from budget allocation to future project planning.
4. She carried on with her work _________ the noisy argument next door didn’t exist, though in reality it was driving her crazy.
5. _________________ difficulties we encounter, we should never give up our dreams.
no matter what, as if, cooperate with, in addition, to sum up
cooperate with
In addition
To sum up
No matter what
as if
PART.05
Summary
Using language
Grammar
Listening
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
方式状语从句
比较状语从句
PART.06
Homework
Homework
1. Review the usage of adverbial clauses and do the relevant exercises;
2. Write about another Chinese innovation that has had a great impact on you using the words and expressions you’ve learnt today.
See you next class!

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