资源简介

Part 1
1. get down （从...）下来；写下；使沮丧
eg: We'll get down at the next station.
我们下一站下车。
2. do without 没有...也行；用不着
eg: People can do without a lot of things,but they cannot do without food.
许多东西人们没有也能过得去，但没有食物不行。
3. fall in 坍塌
eg: The roof of the house was about to fall in.
房子的屋顶快要塌了。
4. find out 查明，找出，发现
eg: What you should find out is when he is going to leave.
你应该查明的是他将在什么时候离开。
5. clear up 清理；澄清，解决；（天）放晴
eg: You should clear up your room.
你应该清理你的房间。
6. die down 逐渐消失，变弱
eg: The wind died down noticeably.
风力已显著减弱。
7. keep...company 陪伴
eg: He stayed at home to keep his wife company.
他留在家里陪伴太太。
8. take effect 生效，起作用
eg: The pill takes effect as soon as you swallow it.
这药丸一吞下去就见效。
9. make a face 做鬼脸
eg: Why do you make a face
你为什么要做鬼脸？
10. make friends(with) 与...交朋友
eg: I wanna make friends with you.
我愿意和你做朋友。
Part 2
11. little by little 逐渐地，一点点地
eg: We will get to know the girl little by little.
我们会逐渐地了解这个女孩的。
12. no matter 不要紧；无关紧要
eg: It’s (of) no matter.
这无关紧要。
13. no more...than 只不过
eg: What he said was no more than a joke.
他的话只不过是个玩笑。
14. by nature 天生的，生来
eg: He was , by nature , a man of few words.
他天生是个沉默寡言的人。
15. be of the opinion 持有...的看法
eg: He is of the opinion that money is not important.
他认为钱并不重要。
16. participate in 参加
eg: Celia decided to participate in the London Marathon.
西莉亚决定参加伦敦马拉松比赛。
17. be patient with 对...有耐心
eg: You ought to be patient with him.
你对他应该有耐心。
18. peculiar to...特有的，独具的
eg: Language is peculiar to mankind.
语言是人类特有的。
19. in person 亲自，当面
eg: He considered going to see them in person.
他考虑亲自去看他们。
20. ahead of 在...之前
eg: A new life lay ahead of him.
新的生活展现在他面前。
Part 3
21. on purpose 故意
eg: Do you think he made that mistake on purpose
你认为他是故意弄错的吗？
22. beyond the reach of 无法达到
eg: Some matters are beyond the reach of the law.
这样的事情不受法律管辖。
23. by mistake 错误地
eg: He took the umbrella by mistake.
他错拿了这把伞。
24. at most 最多，至多
eg: This book should be published in two months at most.
这本书最多两个月后就会出版。
25. object to 反对
eg: I object to all this noise.
我反对一切噪音。
26. in place of 代替
eg: We now have computers in place of typewriters.
我们现在已有计算机取代了打字机。
27. take pride in 以...自豪
eg: He is so good at painting, so he take pride in it.
他画画很在行，所以他为此而自豪。
28. proceed from 由...发出
eg: I suggest we proceed from where we left off yesterday.
我建议我们从昨天未完的地方开始。
29. in progress 进行中
eg: The concert is in progress.
音乐会在进行中。
30. in public 公开地，当众
eg: He is going to make a speech in public.
他将当众发表演说。
Part 4
31. be opposed to... 反对...
eg: Most Americans would, I suspect, be opposed to this proposal.
我猜，大多数美国人都会反对这个提案。
32. account for 解释，说明
eg: She could not account for her mistake.
她无法解释其错误。
33. have the advantage of... 有机会，占优势
eg: Truth should always have the advantage.
真理总是占着优势。
34. in agreement 同意，一致
eg: We seem to be in agreement on the matter.
在这件事上我们的意见看来是一致的。
35. after all 毕竟，到底
eg: After all,February only has twenty-eight days.
2月份毕竟只有28天。
36. amount to 总计，等于
eg: What will all of this work amount to
这工作全部总计为多少？
37. arrive on 到达
eg: Mr Smith, together with his wife, is to arrive on the evening.
史密斯先生和夫人将于晚间抵达。
38. be based on 基于
eg: His argument is based on good solid reasoning.
他的论点建立在充分而正确的推理之上。
39. for the better 好转
eg: His health has changed for the better.
他的健康状况已有好转。
40. buy...for... 用多少钱买
eg: I bought this book for 50 dollars.
我用50美元买下了这本书。
Part 5
41. in addition 此外，又，加之
eg: In addition, he said, the drug's dosing schedule is only once per month.
此外，这种药物的给药方案只能是每月一次。
42. agree with 赞同
eg: I cannot agree with you on this point.
在这一点上我不赞同你的看法。
43. in all 总之，简言之
eg: In all, this is an interesting textbook.
简言之，这是一本有趣的教科书。
44. be lined with 沿…排列
eg: The streets were lined with cars.
街上汽车排列成行。
45. emerge from 从…显露出来
eg: After a long hunt of him, we saw him emerge from the crowd.
我们找了他半天，才见他出现在人群中。
46. take advantage of 利用
eg: It never occurred to me to take advantage of him.
我从没有想过要占他的便宜。
47. back up 支持，援助
eg: Other actions can be taken to back up the policy.
可以采取其他措施来支持这个政策。
48. cut down 削减；砍倒
eg: Recycling cuts down on waste.
废品回收能减少浪费。
49. be concerned about 关心；挂念
eg: People began to be concerned about the air pollution here.
人们开始对这里的大气污染表示忧虑。
50. be indifferent to... 不在乎...
eg: Children will fail to progress if their parents are indifferent to their success.
如果家长对孩子的成功漠不关心，孩子将不会有进步。
Part 6
51. contribute...to 有助于；捐献
eg: Science has contributed much to modern technology.
科学对现代技术作出了很大贡献。
52. be absent from... 缺席，不在
eg: He was absent from school for two weeks.
他两星期未去上课。
53. in accord with 与…一致
eg: The calculated result is in accord with theoretical analysis.
计算结果与理论分析符合
54. adjust...(to) 调节；适应
eg: The eyes need several minutes to adjust to the dimness.
需要花几分钟的时间使眼睛适应昏暗。
55. find out 查明，找出，发现
eg: If you excuse me for a second, I'll find out for you.
请稍候片刻，我给你查一下。
56. get away 逃脱；走开
eg: If they dare come, they'll never be able to get away.
如果他们敢来，他们就逃脱不了。
57. get together 相聚，聚集
eg: I'm trying to get together with her.
我想和她在一起。
58. hand over 交出，移交
eg: The thief forced her to hand over the money.
强盗逼她把钱交出来。
59. hang on 坚持，抓紧
eg: You're not sure how much longer you can hang on.
你不知道自己还可以撑多久。
60. stick to 粘着，坚持
eg: You should stick to your view.
你应该坚持自己的观点。
Part 7
61. in sum 大体上，总之
eg: The teacher,in sum,is doing a good job.
总之，这位老师教得不错。
62. taste of 有…味道
eg: The bread tastes of mould.
这面包有霉味。
63. thank...for... 因...感谢某人
eg: Thank you for your compliment, let me take you to visit!
谢谢您的夸奖，那让我带您去参观一下吧！
64. at no time 无论何时也不
eg: At no time should you give up studying.
在任何时候你都不应放弃读书。
65. be true of 适合于…的
eg: The same should be true of you.
这个对你也适用。
66. by accident 偶然
eg: I found out the secret of the matter by accident.
我偶然发现了那件事情的秘密。
67. on business 因公，因事
eg: He went overseas on business and not for a vacation.
他是因公出国而不是去休假。
68. in conclusion 最后，总之
eg: In conclusion, you'd better look at the bright side of the matter.
总之，你要看到这件事积极的一面。
69. in the future 在将来
eg: How much of the existing technology will change in the future
现有技术会在将来发生多大程度的变化？
70. on the contrary 正相反
eg: You think you are clever, on the contrary, I assure that you are very foolish.
你自以为很聪明，相反地，我确信你很傻。
Part 8
71. out of control 失去控制
eg: We've let the garden get a bit out of control.
我们的花园有点失去控制了。
72. out of date 过时的，不用的
eg: These figures are very out of date.
这些数字早已过时。
73. in a hurry 匆忙，急于
eg: He was in a hurry to be rich.
他巴不得自己能暴富。
74. at length 终于，最终
eg: At length,we began to understand what he wanted.
最后，我们总算弄明白他要的是什么。
75. in accord with 与...一致
eg: The numbers in this table don't seem to be in accord with reality.
桌上的数字似乎与事实不符。
76. in accordance with 依照，根据，与…一致
eg: I'm in accordance with him in this matter.
我在此事上与他是一致的。
77. on account of 因为
eg: I prefer to call off the meeting on account of boss's absence.
我倾向于取消会议，因为老板不在。
78. accuse...of... 指控，控告
eg: She accused the official of corruption.
她指控这位官员腐败。
79. drop off 下降，减少；睡着，入睡
eg: The recession caused sales to drop off.
经济不景气使销量下降。
80. admit of 留有...的余地
eg: His problem did not admit of any solution.
他的问题没法解决。1. 主语+ cannot emphasize the importance of … too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。)
例如：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性都不为过。
2. There is no need for sb to do sth.\ for sth.(某人没有必要做……)
例如：There is no need for you to bring more food.不需你拿来更多的食物了。
3. By +doing…，主语+can …. (借着……，……能够……)
例如：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
4. … enable + sb.+ to + do…. (……使……能够……)
例如：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
5. On no account can we + do…. (我们绝对不能……)
例如：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
6. What will happen to sb. (某人将会怎样 )
例如：What will happen to the orphan 那个孤儿将会怎样
7. For the past + 时间，主语 + 现在完成式/现在完成进行时…. (过去……时间来，……一直……)
例如：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination.过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
8. It pays to + do….(……是值得的。)
例如：It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。
9. 主语+ be based on….(以……为基础)
例如：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
10. 主语 + do one’s best to do….(尽全力做……)
例如：We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
注意：“尽全力”在英语中有不同表达。
例如：We should spare no effort/make every effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
11. 主语+ be closely related to …. (与……息息相关)
例如：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。
12. 主语+ get into the habit of + V-ing = make it a rule to + V (养成……的习惯)
例如：We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
13. What a + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + be!= How +形容词+ a +名词+ be!(多么……!)
例如：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!= How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
14. 主语 + do good/ harm to sth.. (对……有益/有害)
例如：Reading does good to our mind.书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
15. 主语 + have a great influence on sth. (对……有很大的影响)
例如：Smoking has a great influence on our health. 16. nothing can prevent us from doing…. (没有事情能够阻挡我们做……)
例如：All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。
17. Upon/On doing…, …. (一……就…….)
例如：Upon / On hearing of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn’t say a word.一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。
注意：此句型一般可以改为如下复合句句型。
例如：As soon as he heard of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he ….他一听到这个出乎意料的消息，就如此惊讶以至于.....
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.他刚来，她就开始抱怨。
No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain.他刚来，就下雨了。
18. would rather do…than do…(宁愿……而不……)
例如：I would rather walk home than take a crowded bus.我宁愿步行回家也不愿做拥挤的公交车。
注意：此句型可以改为prefer to do…rather than do…句型。
例如：I prefer to stay at home rather than see the awful film with him.我宁愿呆在家也不愿意和他去看那部恐怖电影。
19.only + 状语， 主句部分倒装
例如：Only then could the work of reconstruction begin.直到那时，重建工作才开始。
20. be worth doing (值得做)
例如：The book is worth reading.这本书值得读。
21. Owing to/Thanks to sth, …. (因为……)
例如：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
22. 主语+ is + the +形容词最高级+名词+(that)+主语+ have ever + seen(known / heard / had / read,etc)
例如：Liu Yifei is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen in my life.刘亦菲是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
注意，比较级也可以用来表达最高级的意思。
例如：I have never seen a more beautiful girl than Liu Yifei in my life.在我生活中我从来没见过比刘亦菲更美的女孩。
Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
23. There is no denying that + S + V….(不可否认的……)
例如：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
24. It is universally acknowledged that +从句(全世界都知道……)
例如：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
注意，全世界都知道还可以改为以下句型：As is known to us/As we all know, …. (众所周知，……)。
例如：As is known to us/As we all know, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。
25. There is no doubt that +从句(毫无疑问的……)
例如：There is no doubt that he came late.毫无疑问，他来晚了。
26. (It is) No wonder that.... (难怪……)
例如：No wonder that he fell asleep in class.难怪他在课堂上睡着了。
27. So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 从句 (如此……以致于……)
例如：So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
28. 形容词+ as +主语+ be，主语+ 谓语(虽然……)
例如：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
29. The + 比较级 +主语+谓语， the +比较级+主语+谓语(愈……愈……)
例如：The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。
30. It is time + 主语 + 过去式 (该是……的时候了)
例如：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
注意：此句型可以转化为简单句句型：It is time for sth./for sb to do….
例如：It is time for lunch.该吃午饭了。
31. To be frank/ To tell the truth, …. (老实说, ……)
例如: To be frank/ To tell the truth, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.老实说，不论你喜不喜欢，你别无选择。
32. it took him a year to do….( 他用了1年的时间来做……)
例如：As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.到目前为止我们所知道的是，他用了1年的时间来写这本书。
It took them a long time to realize they had made a mistake.过了很久，他们才意识到犯错了。
33. spent as much time as he could doing sth.(花尽可能的时间做某事)
例如：He spent as much time as he could remembering new words.他花了尽可能多时间记新单词。
34. Since + 主语 + 过去式，主语 + 现在完成式
例如：Since he went to senior high school， he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
35. An advantage of… is that + 句子 (……的优点是……)
例如：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create (produce) any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
36. It was not until recently that….( 直到最近, ……)
例如：It was not until recently that the problem was solved.直到最近这个问题才被解决。
37. We will be successful as long as we…. (只要我们……，我们就会成功的)
例如：We will be successful as long as we insist>只要我们坚持努力工作，我们会成功的。
38. No matter + wh-从句，…...
例如：No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.不管英语有多么难，你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它。
注意：此句型一般可以改为疑问词+ever引导的从句，+主句
例如：Whatever he asks you to do, please refuse him.无论他让你做什么，都请拒绝他。
39. It’s useless/ no good / no use doing sth. (做……是没有用的)
例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
40. The reason why + 从句 is that + 从句 (……的原因是……)
例如：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。1
1.运用强调句，以示突出
强调句型的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一部分，它是一种比较容易掌握的高级表达方式。其构成:
(1)强调句型的基本结构为“It+is/was+被强调部分+that/ who十句子其他部分”;
(2020江苏满分作文) Because of these films,some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China.
+It is because of these films that some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China.
正是因为这些电影，一些外国人开始考虑来中国。
(2)借助于助动词 do/does/did 对谓语动词进行强调。
(2020新高考山东满分作文)We do hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future我们真的希望学校今后能开展更多类似的活动。
2.运用倒装句，以示强调
在写作中倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。常见的有:
(1)“only+状语”置于句首时,句子用部分倒装。
(2021江西五校高三模拟)We can raise people's awareness of protecting our environment only in this way.
+Only in this way can we raise people's awareness of protecting our environment.只有这样我们才能提高人们保护环境的意识。
(2)none.neither.nor、not.never、hardly、little,seldom 等否定词，以及由 no 构成的否定短语，如 at no time、by no means 等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
(2020全Ⅱ满分作文)We had hardly arrived at the farm when we saw many oranges hanging from the branches.
+Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we saw many oranges hanging from the branches.我们刚到农场，就看见橘子挂满枝头。汁原味的英语句子和文章
(3)在 so/such...that...结构中，当 so/such...位于句首时,其后的句子用倒装。
(2020全I满分作文)She is so patient with each student that we all like her.
→So patient with each student is she that we all like her.她对每个学生都很有耐心，所以我们都喜欢她。
(4)当地点状语位于句首且谓语动词是 be、stand、sit,lie,come 等时，句子用全部倒装。
An old temple which dates back to the Ming Dynasty stands at the foot of the mountain.
→At the foot of the mountain stands an old temple, which dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
在山脚下有一座古庙,它的历史可以追溯到明朝。
(5)在 as 引导的让步状语从句中，形容词或名词置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
Our school life is busy. We should spare some time to do exercise and build our body.
→ Busy as our school life is, we should spare some time to do exercise and build up our body.虽然学校生活很忙,但我们应该抽出一些时间做运动，强身健体。
3.运用省略句，避免不必要的重复
(2021兰州高三)If it is possible,avoid going to crowded public places such as cinemas, shopping malls and Internet bars and so on.
——If possible, avoid going to crowded public places such as cinemas，shopping malls and Internet bars and so on.
2
l.运用定语从句
(2021太原高三)As is known to us，Chinese food has become increasingly popular around the world.众所周知，中国菜在世界各地越来越受欢迎。
(2021东北一模)The activity's aim is to draw attention to environmental protection.lt provides a platform for participants to remind people that we should care about nature -The activity, whose aim is to draw attention to environmental protection,provides. a platform for participants to remind people that we should care about nature这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动为参与者提供了一个平台来提醒人们应该关心大自然
(2020新高山东满分作文)Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race. Thirty girls were among them..Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, among whom were thirty girls.来自 20 个班的 90 名学生参加了比赛,其中有 30 名女生。
2.运用名词性从句
(2020全Ⅲ满分作文)What puzzles me most about the play is how we should use proper stage langunge for different roles，这出戏最让我困惑的是我们应该如何对不同的角色使用适当的舞台语言。
(2019浙江6月满分作文)What you told me about your country broadened my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.你告诉我的关于你的国家的事情开阔了我的视野，激发了我对外国文化的兴趣。
(2020全国卷满分作文)There is no denying that this was a fantastic experience and 1 do hope to go there once again.不可否认，这是一次奇妙的经历.我非常希望能再次去那里。
3.运用状语从句
The task is tough. There is no doubt that we will overcome all the difficulties and succeed.
→No matter how/However tough the task is, there is no doubt that we will overcome all the difficulties and succeed.
不管任务有多艰巨,我们无疑都会克服困难并成功。
(2021郑州二测)I believe that our environment will be improved as long as we keep working together.我相信，只要我们共同努力,我们的环境一定会得到改善。
活用非谓语，让表达言简意赅
运用非谓语动词整合简单句，提升表达档次
1、(2019全Ⅲ满分作文)I know that you are fond of classical music. Id like to invite you to participate in a Chinese classical music concert.——Knowing that you are fond of classical music, I’d like to invite you to participate in a Chinese classical music concert. 了解到您喜欢古典音乐，我想邀请您参加一个中国古典音乐演奏会。
2、(2020，全国世川满分作文)We were bathed in sunshine. We sang and laughed while picking oranges.-——Bathed in sunshine, we sang and laughed while pickingoranges.沐浴在阳光下，我们一边采摘橘子一边又唱又笑。
3、(2021银川质检)After lunch,we spent some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games. It made them very happy.
——After lunch,we spent some fun time together singing. dancing and playing games，making them very happy.午饭后我们一起唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏来度过愉快的时光，这让他们很开心。适时感叹，必要强调
(2020全Ⅱ满分作文)
What a wonderful time we had! Not only did it give us relaxation, but it also got us closer to nature我们度过了多么美好的时光啊!它不仅让我们放松，而且让我们更接近大自然。高级表达，佳作之道
lt goes without saying that ...毋庸置疑
As the old saying goes....常言道，......
I hold the view/belief that...我持......观点/我认为......
I wonder if...我想知道是否......
It is strongly recommended that ...强烈建议......
It is(high/about)time that+主语+did/should do该是......的时候了
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问......
I sincerely hope that ...我真诚地希望......
I feel it a great honour to do sth. 做某事我感到很荣幸，
I wonder if you can pick him up at the airport and take him to the hotel.我想知道你能否到机场接他去宾馆。
I feel it a great honour to deliver a farewell speech here on behalf of the students in our school我感到很荣幸在这里代表我们学校的学生发表告别演讲。
(2021太原一模)There is no doubt that a positive attitude to the competition contributes to excellent performance.毫无疑问，积极的竞争态度有助于出色的表现。传统文化——必备词汇
1. Lantern Festival 元宵节
2. Embroidery 刺绣
3. Double-Ninth Festival 重阳节
4. Tomb Sweeping Day 清明节
5. paper cutting 剪纸
6. Siheyuan/Quadrangle 四合院
7. Warring States 战国
8. Kunqu Opera 昆曲
9. Flower Drum Song 花鼓戏
10. Confucian culture 儒家文化
11. Tang Poetry 唐诗
12. Tang Dynasty 唐朝
13. Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
14. Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 京 剧
15. Beijing Roast Duck 北京烤鸭
16. New Year's Eve 除夕
17. lunar calendar 农历
18. the Palace Museum 故宫博物院
19. traditional Chinese festivals 中国传统节日
20. protecting traditional Chinese culture 保护中国传统文化
传统文化——必备句子
1. There are lots of places of interest in Beijing.
2. There are many places of interest where you can experience the traditional Chinese culture in Beijing.
3. I'm glad to hear that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals.
4. As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country
5. My favorite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival which comes on the first day of the Chinese Lunar Year.
6. In a word, it is high time for us to treasure and develop our own valuable culture.
7. In China, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck.
8. In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture effectively.
一篇好的书面表达，不仅要有亮眼的词汇，语法正确的句子，还要条理清晰地阐述自己的观点，并做到有理有据。下面我们就结合考题来看一看有关传统文化写作的题目和范文。
传统文化——写作题目与范文
（一）
某中学生英文报就“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。你准备给该报投稿，稿件内容包括：
1. 保护中国传统文化的重要性
2. 列举1-2个你所知道的国家或当地政府文化保护的事例;
3. 谈谈你对文化保护的建议。
注意：
1. 字数：120词。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
范文：
Protecting Traditional Chinese Culture
Protecting traditional Chinese culture is of great importance to China's cultural diversity, economic prosperity, and social development. The government in Guangdong province has made it their mission to protect Chaoju (潮剧), a local form of dramatic theatre that began in Chaozhou in eastern Guangdong.
In my opinion, specific measures should be taken to protect traditional Chinese culture. To start with, we should make appropriate laws for everyone to follow. Also, we should educate people about the need to protect traditional culture. The more the public knows about it, the more support we can get.
It's time that we start treasuring our own valuable culture.
（二）
假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸 (paper-cutting) 艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 展览时间、地点；
2. 展览内容。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
范文：
Dear Mr. Henry,
I'm Li Hua, a Chinese student of yours. I'm writing to invite you to join me in visiting a paper-cutting exhibition, where you can have a close look at traditional Chinese culture as you always wish.
The exhibition will be held from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Friday in Renmin Park, which is just two blocks away from our school. We can get there by taking Bus Line 101 or Subway Line 2.
As is advertised, there will be all sorts of paper-cutting unique to China on exhibition, and whoever present will be given a work of a paper-cutting as a gift. For someone so fond ofChinese culture like you, it is absolutely a great opportunity you can't miss.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
（三）
假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：
1. 时间和地点；
2. 内容：学习唐诗；
3. 课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
范文：
Dear Leslie,
How are you I'm writing to tell you about your next Chinese lesson.
We'll still meet at my school, but not on Saturday as usual, since I'll have to participate in a sporting activity that day. So let's make it three o'clock on Sunday afternoon.
As you know, in order to acquire a good knowledge of Chinese, you should learn more about Chinese culture and history. Therefore, this time I will introduce Tang Poetry to you, which is of great help in learning Chinese. I advise you to learn about the brief history of the Tang dynasty in advance. It will surely help you learn the poems.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hu1.感恩类常用词汇
1.thank sb. for sth. /doing sth. 因某事而感激某人 2. be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人 3. express/ convey my sincere thanks to sb. for sth. 向某人表达我诚挚的谢意 4 make great／good progress 取得很大的进步 5.in/during/over the past/last four years 过去四年 6. be admitted to/into a university 被一所大学录取 7.say thanks to you for helping me 谢谢你帮助我 8. thanks to/owing to/because of your help 多亏了你的帮助 9.enjoy myself 玩得高兴 10. have a better understanding of… 对……有更好的理解 11.enrich our knowledge and broaden our horizons
2.道歉类常用词汇
1. keep promise 信守诺言
2. be absent from 缺席3. apologize to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 4. make an apology to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 5. say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉 6. beg your forgiveness for 恳求你的原谅 7. cause inconvenience 造成不便 8. miss the appointment错过/取消约会 9. make up for.…弥补 10. express my regret表达我的道歉 11. it is considerate of sb to do sth体谅 12. accept my apology接受我的道歉 13. have no choice/option but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择 14. make a choice选择
3.活动类常用词汇
1.be present ( at)出席 2.be absent from.缺席3.express one’s opinion 表达某人的观点
4.choose sb. as 选择某人作为……
5.attend a lecture/meeting 听课／参会
6.give a lecture/speech做讲座／演讲
7.take part in/participate in an activity 参加活动
8.be organized by. 由……组织
9.be expected to do.被期待做某事；有望做某事
10.will be held 将被举行
11.take measures/steps/action to…采取措施
12.be aimed/intended to do.打算……
13.with the aim/intention/purpose of.目标是
14.sign up for/register for签到／报名参加
15.be invited t osp 被邀请去……
16.bring sth. with sb. 某人带来某物
17.be required to do 被要求做…… 18.take notes做笔记19.inform sb. of sth.. 告知某人某事
4.求助类常用词汇
1.have trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth. 做某事有困难
2.do sb. a favor/give sb. a hand 给某人帮助3.ask for help/seek for help 寻求帮助4.encounter some problems 遇到一些问题5.be busy/occupied/engaged in doing sth. 忙于做某事7.make preparations for.… 为某事做准备9.put...inuse/practice 学以致用10.letsb. down 让某人失望11.overcome the fear 克服恐惧12.be anxious/eager to do sth./long to do sth. 渴望做某事13.offer some constructive guidance提供一些有益的指导14.be grateful/thankful to sb.for sth.因某事感激某人
5.通知类常用词汇
1.inform sb. of sth.告知某人某事
2.introduce sth.to sb. 向某人介绍某物
3.provide some information for sb. 为某人提供一些信息4.work out my schedule制订我的计划5.as follows列举如下
6.show sb. around... 带领某人参观某处
7.have a try 试试看，尝试一下8.sign up for.报名参加
9.wok as/serve as/act as. 任……职，当……
10.mean/intend to do sth.打算做某事
11.spare some time to do sth.抽出时间做某事
12.take a course 参加一门课程
13.pay a visit to..… 去参观
14.make a difference 有影响；起（重要）作用
15.hesitate to do sth. 犹豫，有所顾虑
16.be scheduled at/on... 被安排在
17.make preparations for.. 为……准备
18.make an arrangement for sth. 为……做安排
19.be intended to sth. 打算，意图
7.申请类常用短语
1. apply for 申请
2. graduate from 毕业于3. major in 主修4. be skilled in/a... 在……方面熟练5. be good at..…/be expert in.. 擅长/精通于……6. have a good command/knowledge 掌握/能驾驭7. be competent for. 胜任8.be fit/suitable for/be qualified for 适合/有……的资格9.have rich working experience 有丰富的工作经验10.cooperate with 与（某人）协作，合作11.come out top 名列前茅12.be bound to... 肯定，注定，必定13.good grades 良好的成绩14.be paid by the hour 按小时发工资15.present address 现在的通讯地址16.working experience 工作经历17.a win-win activity 一个双赢的活动 8.咨询类常用短语
1.inquire about sth. 询问……的情况2.seek for sth. 寻求3.obtain some information 获得一些信息4.regarcding/concerning/with regard tosth. 关于5.provide sb. with sth. 提供给某人某物6.inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事7.prompt/immediate reply 及时的回复8.take into account of sth./take sth. into account 考虑到……9.detailed information 详情10.be grateful/obliged to sb. for sth 因某事而感谢某人11.express one's appreciation for.. 对某事表示感激12.be concerned about... 对……关心13.attend a summer school 参加暑期学校14.during the summer vacation 暑假间15.a six-week English course 一个为期六周的英语课程。16.per week 每周17.as for 至于，关于18.including extra fee for sth. 包括……额外费用19.cover the entrance fees ..怎么样？（提出建议或用以引出活题）
20.What about..… /How about.… ……怎么样？
9.邀请类常用词汇
1. 邀请 invite/ invitation2. 做演讲 make/deliver a speech3. 评委 judge4. 感激 appreciate (vi. )/ be grateful5. 荣幸 honor (v./n.)6. 欢迎 welcome (v./n./adj.)7. 接受邀请 accept sb’s invitation8.代表学校 on behalf of our school9. 我想邀请你做... I’dlike to invite you to...10. 举办活动的目的是... The purpose of the activity is to11. 活动的细节有... Here are some details about the activity...12.如果……我将感到荣幸 It’s my honor if...13.欢迎你参加 You are welcome to... 一、动词转化为名词易错高频词汇
1.weigh v.称……重→weight n.重量除盲区。
2.analyse/ze v. 分析→analysis n. 分析, 分析报告
3.admit v. 承认；准许进入；让……进入→admission n. 准许进入；承认
4.argue v. 争辩；争吵；说服→argument n. 争论；争辩；辩论【去掉e加ment， 很多情况是直接加的】
5.bear v.出生，忍受→birth n.出生
6.believe v. 相信, 认为 →belief n. 信条, 信念
7.bleed v. 出血, 流血→blood n. 血, 血液
8.choose v.选择→choice n.选择
9.compete v. 竞争；比赛→competence n. 能力；胜任，称职
10.clarify v.澄清→clarification n.澄清
11.decide v. →decision n.决定
12.depart v.→departure n.离开
13.describe v. 描写, 叙述 →description n. 描述, 描写
14.destroy v.→destruction n.破坏
15.emphasize v.→emphasis n.强调
16.exist v.→existence n.存在
17.explain v.→explanation n.解释；说明
18.explode v.→explosion n.爆炸
19.fail v. 失败；不及格；使失望→failure n.失败；失败的人或事
20.applaud v.鼓掌→applause n.喝彩
21.tour v.旅行;游览→tourism n.旅游业，观光业
二、形容词转化为名词易错高频词汇
1.high高的→height高度
2.proud自豪的→pride自豪
3.enthusiastic热情的→enthusiasm热情
4.bored厌倦的→boredom厌烦
5.wise明智的→wisdom智慧
6.strong强壮的→strength力量
7.true确实的→truth真相，真理
8.long长的→length长度
9.deep深的→depth深(度)
10.accurate准确的→accuracy准确(性)
11.real真实的→reality现实
12.popular 受欢迎的→popularity受欢迎，普及
13.possible可能→possibility可能性;机会
14.curious 好奇的→curiosity 好奇心
15.able能够→ability 能力
16.anxious adj. 焦虑的，担心的→anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑，担心；渴望
17.brave adj. 勇敢的→bravery n. 勇气；无畏精神
18.various adj. 各种各样的→variety n. 多种多样
19.novel adj. 新颖的；新的 →novice n. 新手，生手
20.dry a. 干燥的; 干的→ drought n. 干旱
三、形容词转化为动词易错高频词汇
1.sign n. 迹象→signify vt. 表示…的意思；意味；预示
2.simple adj. 简单的→simplify v. 使简化
3.danger n. 危险；可能性→endanger v. 使遭危险；危及
4.beauty n. 美（丽）→beautify v. 美化；打扮
5.clear 清楚的；清晰的→clarify v. 阐明；澄清
6.diverse多样的→diversify v. 使多样化
7.critical批评的 →criticize v. 批评
8.fat肥胖的→fatten v. 养肥
9.flat 平坦的→flatten v. 把...弄平；击倒
四、动词转化为形容词易错高频词汇
1.learn v. 学习；学会→learned博学的
2.steam v. 蒸→steamed蒸的；蒸熟的
3.target v. 以...为目标→targeted定向的；目标的
4.seat v. 就坐→seated坐着的；入座的
5.organize v. 组织→organized有组织的；有条理的
6.educate v. 教育→educated受过教育的
7.trap v. 困住；陷入→trapped受困的；受到限制的
8.commit v. 承诺；犯（罪）→committed 尽心尽力的；坚定的
9.reward v. 奖励；回报→rewarding 有意义的；值得做的
10.seem v. 看起来；似乎→seeming 表面上的；貌似...的
11.run v. 奔跑；流动→running 奔跑的；流动的
12.last v. 持续→lasting 持久的；持续的
13.wash v. 洗涤；冲刷→washable a.可洗的
14.forget v. 忘记→forgettable a.易被忘记的 →unforgettable a.无法忘记的；难忘的
五、名词转化为形容词易错高频词汇
1.face n. 面部，脸→facial脸部的
2.star n. 星星→starry布满星星的
3.mud n. 泥土→muddy泥泞的
4.smog n. 烟雾；雾霾→smoggy烟雾弥漫的
5.pet n. 宠物→petty小的；狭隘的
6.weight n. 重量→weighty重的；有份量的
7.shade n. 阴凉处→shady阴凉的；背阴的
8.home n. 家→homely平凡的；朴实的
9.cost n. 成本，费用→costly昂贵的
10.physics n. 物理→physical物理的；实体的
11.shape n. 形状；身材→shapely匀称的
12.society n. 社会 →social社会的
13.memory n. 记忆→memorial记忆的；纪念的
14.technique n. 技术；技艺→technical技术的；技艺的
15.essence n. 本质→essential本质的；必不可少的
16.influence n. 影响→influential有影响的
17.spirit n. 精神→spiritual精神的
18.privacy n. 隐私 →private私人的；私下的
19.passion n. 热情→passionate热情的
20.accuracy n. 准确性→accurate准确的
21.value n. 价值→valuable 珍贵的
22.knowledge n. 知识→knowledgeable知识渊博的
23.terror n. 恐怖→terrible令人害怕的
24.sense n. 感觉→sensitive 敏感的；理智的
25.mountain n. 山，山脉→mountainous多山的
26.fame n. 名声，名誉 → famous著名的
27.number n. 数字，数目→numerous大量的
28.variety n. 种类，多样性→various各种各样的
29.anxiety n. 焦虑 →anxious焦虑的
30.child n. 孩子→childish 孩子般的，幼稚的
31.energy n. 能量；精力→energetic精力充沛的
32.character n. 人物；特点→characteristic典型的；独特的
33.reality n. 真实；实际→realistic实际的；真实的
34.rag n. 破布→ragged衣衫褴褛的
35.skill n. 技能；技艺→skilled 熟练的
36.circle n. 圆圈→circular 圆的；循环的
六、形容词转化成副词易错高频词汇
1.true真正的→truly真诚地
2.whole全部的--wholly完全地
3.full满的，充满的→fully完全地，全部地
4.public公众的→publicly公然地
5.due恰当的→duly适当地
6.shy羞怯的→shyly羞怯地
7.dull枯燥无味的→dully木然地正确选项的十大特征
1. 正确答案通常与文章中心思想，主旨大意，作者对文中论述事物所持的观点态度有关。
注意：这是解题基调，如果作者在文中对整个事物是持积极正面的评价，那么选项中出现消极反面的，与事实相反的肯定不是解。
2. 正确答案所在位置：
① 首段段尾句；② 转折处；③ 因果关系处；④ 条件关系处。
3. 正确答案设置的特点往往利用同义词的替换，或者正话反说，反话正说。
4. 正确答案从语义上去理解经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的词：can may might，possible，notnecessarily，some尤其是推理题的答案常这样设置，以显示推理题所论述含义的相对性。
5. 正确答案具有概括性（考察考生的理解归纳能力），深刻性，因为其考查的对象是阅读文章的重点和要点。
6. 难的最可能是答案。这与命题动机有些相似，难的比容易的更能考察考生对语言的理解能力，具体体现在下面几个方面：
① 否定的比肯定的难，否定的是答案(包括否定，双重和多重否定)。
② 抽象的比具体的难，抽象深刻的是答案，具体肤浅的不是。
③ 动态变化的比静态的难，动态变化的是答案。
④ 未知难于已知，未知的是答案。
7. 正面积极、符合逻辑的是答案，内容负面消极、不合逻辑的不是答案。（中考作为国内较高层次的考试，相信没人会冒天下之大不韪，引导考生走向歧途，因此，积极的、与客观真理相符合的是答案）
8. 常规的不是答案，观点新且合理的是答案。（具体情况具体分析）
9. 含义与文章内容方向一致的，描述客观的是答案。
10. 选项含义丰富有弹性的是答案，绝对的无端的不是答案。具体体现在：
① 特殊说明的是答案。
② 不肯定的是答案，部分的是答案。
③ 有条件的是答案，相对的是答案。
注意：四个选项中有两项意思相反时，其中必有一个是答案。
错误选项的十大特征
1. 无中生有
2. 常识判断：符合常识的不一定是答案，不符合常识的一定不是答案
3. 正反混淆
4. 答非所问（答案不错但不符合要求）
5. 过分绝对（always、often、absolutely、completely，no+名词）
6. 扩大范围
7. 因果倒置
8. 盲目推证
9. 偏离中心
10. 偷换概念
前六种相对容易判断，后四种要利用文章的逻辑关系才可判断出来。
具体技巧
1.原句重复出现，200%错。正确的都是有改动的，即同义替换。
2.文章是按顺序出题的。你要觉得不是，就是你做错了。
3.选项中意思完全相反的2个选项，其中之一是对的。(要有这个意识)
4.就一般而言，some people，表作者不认同的观点，few people，表作者的观点。
5.用文章里举例的句子来作为选项，直接排除。200%错。(要有能辨别这个选项是不是文章中例子的能力)。
6.某某人说的话，或者是带引号的，一定要高度重视。尤其是在段落的后半部分。很有可能就是某个问题的同意替换。即题眼。
7.有的时候，一句话可以设2个问题。不过这种情况很少出现了，非常少。
8.文章基本以5段为主(也有6段、7段的)，要把握每段之间的关系。一般来说，一段一个题，只是一般来说喔。
9.一篇文章总会有5、6+个长难句，且总会在这里设问题。所以，长难句必须要拿下!
10.每段的第一句很重要。尤其总分结构的段。有的时候第一句话就是题眼。考研英语，总分结构或者总分总的段落很多。
11.若文章首段以why为开头的，这里若设题的话，选项里有because的，往往就是正确选项。不过这种类型的题，很少见了。
12.有时候每段的第一句话，仅仅是一个表述。而在第2或3句以后，会出现对比或者转折。一般来说，转折后面的是作者的态度。你要注意的是，作者对什么进行了转折。那个关键词你要找出来。
13.在应该出现答案的地方，没有答案。接着往下读。答案可能会在下一段的开头部分。因为文章都是接着说的。要有连贯性。这和7选5的技巧有些相似。不过这种情况并不多见。
14.一个长句看不懂，接着往下看，下一句可能是这个长句的解释说明。是的话，这个地方可能会出题。出的话，答案就在这附近。而实际情况是，文章在谈论某个问题或提出某个观点时，有时会再做进一步的解释说明。这种情况下，这里往往会设问题。不过，这种情况很少见了。
15.有些句子仅仅是解释补充，或者是起过渡作用的。这样句子的特点是，句子比较短。注意，答案一般不会在这儿出现。选项中出现，肯定是干扰项。你要知道的是，同意替换的句子，大都是长难句。一些作为过渡的句子，不可能是答案。在你读不懂的情况下，要有这个判断力。
16.正确选项都是原文中的个别几个词的同义替换。阅读理解历年的所有真题，都是同意替换!就看你能不能找得到。那个关键词，就看你找没找得到，不管是什么类型的题。
17.每一个问题，在原文中，都要有一个定位。然后精读，找出那个中心句或者关键词。要抓文章的中心主旨和各段落的大意，阅读理解考的就是这个“中心句”。
18.选项中的几个单词，是该段中不同句子里的单词拼凑的，有时看上去很舒服，注意，干扰项。还有从不同的段落里的词拼凑到一起的，直接排除。总之，选项的单词是拼凑的，肯定错。
19.一定要注意文章中句子的宾语部分，尤其是长难句中主干的宾语。上面说了，考研英语大都是长难句里设题。你要知道的是，长难句里，最可能是出题的就是句子的主干部分!主干的主语、宾语是什么，一定要知道。正确选项的题眼往往就在这儿。当然，还有一些起修饰、限定作用的词，一定要看仔细。小心陷阱。
20.若某个问题，是特别长的一个句子，一定要看清问的是什么，别打马虎眼。这是做题时需要留意的地方。
21.注意问题的主语是谁，它和原文题眼的主语原则上是一致的。主语不一致，一般来说，都是错的。
22.即第6条，某某人说的话，尤其特别长的句子，或者是带引号的。60%以上会出题。题眼就在这儿。这里又提了一遍，就是要引起你的重视。
23.错误的选项，往往是就文章某一方面而说的，其特点是：所涉及的，仅仅是某一个小问题，或者很具体，非常具体的一件实事。200%错误选项。一定要会识别。
24.中国人出的题，多是总-分结构，或者总-分-总。所以每段开头结尾，都要注意。(这里指的是中间没有出现转折的段落)。整篇文章的开头结尾。也要重视。
25.文章的结构，要么总-分或总-分-总，要么转折、对比，要么举例说明。就这么几个套路。
26.对选项中的“重点词”(即主语、宾语、修饰语)都要看清楚。有的时候，选项中，会对原文中本来正确的事做错误的修改，来作为干扰项。你要注意的是，选项句子的主语(与原文)是否一致、宾语是否符合原文意思，或者用一些牵强的修饰词，来做一些特殊的限定。要看清楚。这是干扰项的特点之一。
27.某人说过的话，有时并不是题眼，但可以从侧面或某个角度来反映作者的观点，也就是作者想表达的。正确答案都是和这样的观点相一致的。要把握关键词，有感彩的词。做题时，要有这个意识。
28.就某个词或者某个句子设问题，不用猜词。就一条，文章主旨！不用去研究这个词什么意思，把握主旨即可。全文主旨和段落主旨(前者更重要)。
29.接着28条说，不管什么题型，上面说的还是其他别的题型。很绝对的说，反映主旨的肯定对，前提是你能确定它就是主旨。
30.注意中心句(即题眼)和前后句子之间的关系，是接着说的，还是转折关系。这里出题的话，要把握和前后句子之间的关系。是并列关系的，可以从这些句子里找同义词。是转折关系的，就通过转折关系句子里的关键词的相反意思来判断。前提是在你读不懂的情况下。
31.凡是举例的，都是为了说明观点的。那么，这个观点(中心句)，一般来说，会在举例之前就表达了。但有时候也在举例之后。总之，作者举例想说明的这个观点，你一定要找出来。
32.排除2个选项以后，选出和文章主旨相关的选项即可。不知道主旨就把握关键词。
33.词汇题的正确答案，往往隐藏在原文的该处附近(就是那个同义替换词)，原文这附近的句子，是并列关系或者解释说明句的，就从这些句子的关键词的相近意思去把握。是转折关系的，就从关键词的相反意思去把握。总之，你要找的就是那个关键词。和30条一起理解吧。
34.如果原文中出现“ A is B and C”。若某一问题，选项中出现了B没C，或者只出现C没B。肯定错，直接排除。可能你会问了，同时出现B and C 咋办 目前还没出现过这种情况。注意，这里说的B和C，是单词或者短语。这是干扰项的特点之一。实际情况是，这个句子不是题眼。
35.接34题说，还一种情况是，若B和C是2个长句子，中间用分号隔开的。且这两个句子都是作者想表达的，选项中都出现了。一般来说，选项中会对其中之一做错误的修改来作为干扰项。而另一个是对的。(不过总体来说，这种题型非常非常少见。我在这里想说的是34条。这样的干扰项，你要会识别。)
36.注意几个词，yet表转折，hardly表否定。while 有时是比较，有时也表转折。比较的时候，注意比较的对象，要弄清楚。转折的时候，你要知道作者对什么进行了转折。
37.如果你对“关键词”比较蒙，或者你想问：我怎么知道哪个是关键词 解释一下，关键词就是句子中主干的宾语。尤其是一些你觉得比较重要的句子。这样的句子多数是长难句。一般来说，一个句子主干的主语，宾语，和其他的修饰部分，都是很重要的! 宾语是主语的宾语，所以，和主语是要对上号的，对不上不行。(也就是26条的主语是否一致)至于修饰的部分，干扰项常常在这里做手脚，比如会有一些特殊的限定，千万要留意，别疏忽了。
38.什么是中心句 即反应文章的主旨和每一段的中心意思的一句话。这句话是客观存在的。也就是作者的观点。中心句即题眼，选出正确答案，看的就是中心句。只有中心句才能选出正确答案。所以，中心句不知道在哪，或者读不懂，很难选出正确答案。中心句的具体位置，见下条。
39.很关键的一条，抓住每段的中心意思，也就是中心句。每段至少一句，最多2句。一般来说，总分结构的段落，中心句一般在段首。举例段一般在举例前后。转折段，中心句在出现转折的地方，或者后一句(一般来说在该段的第三行上下浮动)。再就是某某人说的话。要注意这句话和前后句的关系，是并列还是转折。然后来把握这句话的意思，把握不了就通过前后句是并列还是转折关系的关键词来把握。
40.每个问题，要还原到文章具体的某一段落。若此问题在某段的后半部分，且你没有太看懂，这段已经完事了。要养成一个习惯。接着看一下段的第一句话。实在做不出来的话，就选那个和下一段第一句话的意思差不多的选项。只能这样了。(貌似是13条的重复)补充下，这只是小技巧，只起补充作用，有时候用不上。一、 谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语一致
1．The results of the experiment show that you have all made good progress.
2．Between the two buildings stands a monument.
二、如果主语是一个抽象概念,谓语动词用单数
1．Growing vegetables needs constant watering.
2．That we have made brilliant achievements is an iron fact.
三、由and 并列的两个名词做主语时，如果表示的是一个同一概念或者单数概念，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数
1．The iron and steel industry is very important.
2．The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.
3. The teacher and the poet are good friends in the city.
4．When and where to build the shopping center has not been decided.
四、如果主语是单数，即使后面跟着由with, together with, as well as, like, but, except等引起的短语，谓语动词仍然用单数(与第一个主语保持一致)
1．An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, is to be built here.
2．A scientist, together with some assistants, was sent to the flooded area to help in the work.
3．The teacher as well as the students is going to visit the exhibition.
4．None but Xiao Wang knows it.
五、each 和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词都看作单数
1．Each of us has something to say about the subject. （注意如果是we each 就不一样了）
2．Just a minute, someone is talking with manager.
六、what, which, who, some, more, most, all等代词是单数或是复数要依据意思来定
1．Which is / are your room / rooms
2．What we need is more practice.
3．What he left me are but a few old books.
4．All that can be done has been done.
5．All but you were here just now.
七、none指不可数名词时为单数，指可数名词时为单复皆可，主要取决于说话人头脑中联想到的是单数还是复数
1．None of the books are easy for us.
2．None cares now.
3．None of the information is useful..
八 either, neither通常看作单数
1．Neither of us has passed the examination.
2．Either of them has known it.
九Many a和more than one修饰的词做主语时，谓语动词用单数
1.Many a person has had that kind of experience.
2.More than one expert was invited to the party.
十、分数，百分数 + of + 名词做主语时，主要看名词是单数还是复数；是可数还是不可数
1．More than 70% of the earth is covered with water.
2．Two thirds of the work has been finished so far.
3．60% of the students have arrived.
4．One fourth of the population here are workers.
但，population 单独做主语，为单数
如：What is the population of the city
十一、不可数名词如果被表示数量的名词所修饰，谓语动词用复数
1．Three million tons of coal were exported that year.
2．South of the village were 200 mu of sandy wasteland.
十二、表示时间，数量，长度及价值的名词尽管是复数形式但常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数
1．Today ten thousand yuan is not a large number.
2．100 miles was covered in a single night.
十三、or; not only…but also…; neither…nor…; either…or…并列两个主语时，谓语动词和就近的保持一致
1．Not only the students but also the teacher wants to see the film.
2．Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.
3．Either you or Xiao Li is mistaken.
十四、here, there 引起一个句子而主语又不止一个，谓语动词通常和就近的一个一致
1．Here is a ruler, a few pencils and two copybooks.
2．There is a computer, a typewriter and two telephones on the desk.
十五、有些集体名词可为单数也可为复数，主要依据意思而定
1．His family is not very large.
2．His family are all music lovers.
3．Class 3 is next to Class 2.
4．Class 3 are having a class-meeting this Saturday.
十六、a number of + n为复数；the number of + n为单数
1．A number of books on this subject have been published.
2．The number of books on this subject is amazing.
十七、and 连接的名词前有every, each, no时，谓语动词用单数
1．Every hour and every minute is important to us students.
2．No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in such a heated discussion.
3．Each man and each woman has the equal rights in every field in our country now.
十八、动名词，不定式或者从句做主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数
1. Seeing is believing
2. Who is her father is not known yet.
十九、the +adj.表示一类人时为复数，表示一类物概念时为单数
1．The poor were looked down upon in the old days.
2．The true is always appreciated anytime.
二十、one and a half…为单数
1．One and a half hours is enough for the experiment.
二十一、one of + pl做先行词，后接定语从句且关系代词做主语，定语从句的谓语动词用复数；the one of…/ the very one of… / the only one of…做先行词且关系代词做主语，定语从句的谓语动词用单数
1．He is one of the students who are into computer games.
2．He is the only one of the students who is into computer games.
二十二、表示某些组织机构的名词，虽然形式上是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数
1．The United Nations was founded on October 24, 1945.
2．The United States is the only superpower of the world today.
二十三、表示学科的词以及works(工厂)，news(消息)等，虽然本身为复数形式，但谓语动词仍用单数
1．Mathematics is my poor subject, I even want to give it up.
2．The news that the newly- built nuclear power station is to be put into use next month is true.一、开头句型
我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。
在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说———直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。
I．．．．has both advantages and
disadvantages．……既有利又有弊。例如：
1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages．
2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．
3．Com pared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages．
举一反三：
1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many
disadvantages．
2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every
coin has two sides，．．．has its
disadvantages．（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵。）
II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part
in．．．……在……中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如：
1．Computers play an important role in science and technology．
2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life．
Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies．
3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind．
4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness．
举一反三：
1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance
communication．But now ，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．
III．With the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：
1．With the developm ent of our econo- m y，m any Chinese fam ilies can
afford a car．
2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more
and more serious．
3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get
a college degree by taking online-courses at home．
4．With the current social and technological developments，employees
with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed．
举一反三：
1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is
becoming more and more serious．
随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。
2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards
women is changing．
随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。
3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinese families can afford a car．
随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。）
本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。
我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。
IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe
that．．．，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably
some truth in both arguments
／statements，but．．．当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……。
本结构先用when it comes to ．．．引出话题，再用some．．．others
．．．这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is some truth in
both．．．表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子：TV，a good thing or bad thing
When it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．
二、结尾句型
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。
V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：
1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the
world．
2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from
cheating on exams．
3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．
4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying
out further attacks．
本文列举了英语作文中常用的几个句型，当然不是要大家写出千篇一律的文章来，而是希望起到一种抛砖引玉的作用，提醒大家在学习中注意多总结，以使自己的写作水平更上一层楼。高中生英语日记范文一
　　Feb , 19 2015
　　The weather is very hot these days,so i don't want to eat anything .In the moring i started to learn Frontpage,i found it is not as hard as i thought .And i maybe learn the Flash some day. I always know that i have too much thingd to learn,but have no intresting.But now i think i can find fun myself in such things. From . I will learn with more energy.I hope for the tomorrow of mine.The biggest enemy of somebody is ont others but himself.So i need promote myself as fast as possible .What i can to promote myself is just learning everthing i found i need to . I need to make detailed planning ,such as :what i should do everyday,and which has been worked out etc.People shoud schedule his life ,right
　　I will continue my study this afternoon ,and I will master it sooner ,my wishes.
　　Do it ,now!
　　参考译文
　　2015年2月19日
　　这些天天气很热,所以我不想吃任何东西。在早上我开始学习网页制作,我发现它不是和我想一样难。有一天,我也许学习动画。我总是知道我有太多该学习,但是没有种乐趣。但是现在我想我可以找到有趣的自己在这样的事情。从。我将学习更多的能量。我希望我的明天。人最大的敌人不是永久别人但自己。所以我需要尽快提升自己。我能促进自己仅仅是学习一切我发现我需要。我需要做详细的计划,例如:我每天应该做什么,一直等。人们应该安排他的生活,对吗
　　今天下午我将继续我的研究,我将很快掌握它,我的愿望。
　　这样做,现在!
　　高中生英语日记范文二
　　July 9th Friday sunny
　　How happy I am. Yesterday I finished all the work very quick, so I have a lot of time to do myself. Sometimes finish work early is a good thing, we can have more interests to do the next work. Because of this, I write English dairy eight in the morning. But I wrote it in the evening in the pass day. Everyone, if you can finish the work quickly, not lazy, just try your best.
　　参考译文
　　7月9日星期五晴
　　我是多么的幸福。昨天我完成了所有的工作非常快,所以我有很多时间去做我自己。有时提前完成工作是一件好事,我们可以有更多的兴趣去做下一个工作。正因为如此,我写英语乳制品早上八点。但我写它在晚上在过去的一天。每个人,如果你能很快完成这项工作,不是懒惰,只管尽你最大的努力。
　　高中生英语日记范文三
　　Yesterday was my birthday， so some of my classmates sent me presents。 Mother prepared a tea party for me。 I invited all of them to e and take part in it。The tea party began at half past six。 There were cold drinks and refreshments。 We ate， talked and laughed。 We felt that we were the happest men in the world。 译文：昨日是我生日，所以有几位我的同班同学送我礼。母亲给我准备一个茶会。我邀请他们都前来参加。茶会下午六点半开始。有冷饮和点心。我们又吃又谈又笑。我们觉得是世界上最快乐的人。
　　高中生英语日记范文四
　　This morning， the sky is cloudless， spring。 My friends and I went to the park flying a kite， flying a kite in the park so many people， some is small swallow; some birds; there is I most like the phoenix。 The sky was a riot of colours， like a blossoming be riotous with colour clouds really beautiful ah! We play happy! 译文：这天早上，天空万里无云，春风拂面。我和朋友们一齐去公园放风争，公园里放风争的人可真多，有的是小燕子;有的是小鸟;还有的是我最喜欢的凤凰。天空一片五彩缤纷，像一朵朵五颜六色的彩云真美丽啊!我们玩得可开心!
　　高中生英语日记范文五
　　This morning I woke up at 6 o ’clock is to the kitchen for mom made a bowl of beef and tomato noodles， mother looked at me as she do breakfast is very happy， she finally put all eat noodles， very delicious， also say I grew up， not a kid， can look after himself， I listened also very happy。 译文：这天早上我6点钟就醒来了然后到厨房为妈妈做了一碗牛肉西红柿面，妈妈看了我为她做的早饭很高兴，最后她把面条全部吃了，说很好吃，还说我长大了，不在是小孩了，能够自我照顾自我了，我听了也很开心。

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