资源简介 中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台中考英语阅读理解的超全高频词汇一、高频动词1. accomplish / k mpl /释义:完成;实现例句:We accomplished the task ahead of schedule.考点:强调“成功完成困难的事”,近义achieve。2. apologize / p l d a z/释义:道歉例句:He apologized to me for being late.考点:固定搭配apologize to sb. for sth.,名词形式apology。3. cancel / k nsl/释义:取消例句:The meeting was canceled due to bad weather.考点:过去式/过去分词cancel(l)ed,常考被动语态。4. remind /r ma nd/释义:提醒例句:Please remind me to take my medicine.考点:固定搭配remind sb. to do sth. 或remind sb. of sth.(使想起)。5. require /r kwa (r)/释义:需要;要求例句:The task requires patience and skill.考点:require doing sth.(主动表被动)= require to be done。6. spread /spred/释义:传播;扩散例句:The news spread quickly through the town.考点:过去式/过去分词同形(spread-spread),常考疾病或信息传播。7. succeed /s k si d/释义:成功例句:She succeeded in passing the exam.考点:固定搭配succeed in doing sth.,名词success,形容词successful。8. volunteer / v l n t (r)/释义:自愿做例句:He volunteered to help clean the park.考点:volunteer to do sth.,名词volunteer(志愿者)。9. waste /we st/释义:浪费例句:Don’t waste time on meaningless things.考点:waste time/money (in) doing sth.,近义throw away。10. worth /w θ/释义:值得的例句:The movie is worth watching.考点:后接动词-ing形式(主动表被动),不接不定式。二、高频名词1. chance /t ɑ ns/释义:机会;可能性(补充)例句:There’s a chance it will rain tomorrow.考点:短语by chance(偶然)= accidentally。2. challenge / t l nd /释义:挑战例句:Learning a new language is a great challenge.考点:动词形式challenge(向…挑战)。3. direction /d rek n/释义:方向;指导例句:He gave us directions to the museum.考点:短语in the direction of(朝…方向)。4. experience / k sp ri ns/释义:经验;经历例句:Traveling gives us valuable experiences.考点:表“经验”不可数,表“经历”可数。5. habit / h b t/释义:习惯例句:Reading before bed is a good habit.考点:固定搭配form/develop a habit(养成习惯)。6. hobby / h bi/释义:爱好例句:Her hobbies include painting and dancing.考点:复数形式hobbies,常考与interest的区分(hobby指长期爱好)。7. progress / pr ɡres/释义:进步例句:She has made great progress in English.考点:不可数名词,常与make搭配(make progress)。8. relationship /r le n p/释义:关系例句:The relationship between parents and children is important.考点:常考家庭、朋友间的关系,复数加s。9. responsibility /r sp ns b l ti/释义:责任例句:It’s our responsibility to protect the environment.考点:形容词responsible(有责任的),短语take responsibility(承担责任)。10. secret / si kr t/释义:秘密例句:She kept the secret from everyone.考点:短语keep a secret(保密),形容词secret(秘密的)。三、高频形容词1. ancient / e n nt/释义:古代的;古老的例句:The Great Wall is an ancient wonder.考点:近义old,但更强调“历史悠久”。2. confident / k nf d nt/释义:自信的例句:She is confident about her ability.考点:固定搭配be confident in/ about,名词confidence。3. creative /kri e t v/释义:有创造力的例句:Artists need to be creative.考点:动词create,名词creativity(创造力)。4. crowded / kra d d/释义:拥挤的例句:The bus was too crowded to get on.考点:反义词empty,常考场景:交通、公共场所。5. disabled /d s e bld/释义:残疾的例句:The school provides support for disabled students.考点:名词disability(残疾),短语the disabled(残疾人,表一类人)。6. honest / n st/释义:诚实的例句:It’s important to be honest with others.考点:短语to be honest(老实说),反义词dishonest。7. modern / m d n/释义:现代的例句:We live in a modern society with high technology.考点:反义词ancient/traditional,常考科技、生活对比。8. natural / n t r l/释义:自然的例句:We should protect natural resources.考点:名词nature(自然),短语natural disaster(自然灾害)。9. patient / pe nt/释义:耐心的(补充)例句:Teachers need to be patient with slow learners.考点:区分patient(病人)作名词时发音重音不同。10. similar / s m l (r)/释义:相似的例句:Their hobbies are similar to mine.考点:固定搭配be similar to(与…相似),近义alike(但alike多作表语)。四、逻辑关系词1. 因果关系 because of 因为(后接名词/代词)例句:He failed the exam because of his carelessness. as a result 结果(单独使用,后接句子)例句:He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed.2. 条件关系 if 如果例句:If it rains, we’ll stay at home. unless 除非(= if not)例句:You won’t pass the exam unless you work hard.3. 并列关系 not only...but also... 不仅…而且…例句:She can not only sing but also dance. both...and... …和…都例句:Both Tom and Lily like swimming.4. 转折关系 instead of 代替(后接名词/动名词)例句:He watched TV instead of doing homework. however 然而(句首,用逗号隔开)例句:He was tired; however, he kept working.5. 顺序关系 firstly...secondly...finally 第一…第二…最后例句:Firstly, prepare the materials; secondly, start the experiment. then 然后例句:He finished his homework, then watched TV.五、主题场景高频词汇1. 环境保护 pollution /p lu n/ 污染例句:Air pollution is a serious problem. recycle /ri sa kl/ 回收利用例句:We should recycle plastic bottles. reduce /r dju s/ 减少例句:We can reduce waste by reusing things.2. 科技与发明 digital / d d tl/ 数字的例句:We live in a digital age. invention / n ven n/ 发明(名词)例句:The light bulb is a great invention. smart /smɑ t/ 智能的例句:Smart phones have changed our lives.3. 社会热点 volunteer / v l n t (r)/ 志愿者(补充名词用法)例句:Many volunteers helped in the disaster area. charity / t r ti/ 慈善例句:They raised money for charity. fair /fe (r)/ 公平的例句:It’s not fair to treat others like that.六、易混词辨析(中考常考)1. cost/pay/spend/take cost:物作主语,sth. cost (sb.) money例:The book costs me 20 yuan. pay:人作主语,pay (sb.) money for sth.例:I paid 20 yuan for the book. spend:人作主语,spend time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.例:She spends two hours reading every day. take:it作主语,It takes sb. time to do sth.例:It took me an hour to finish the work.2. rise/raise rise:不及物动词,自然上升(sun rises) raise:及物动词,人为举起(raise your hand)3. affect/effect affect:动词,影响(= influence) effect:名词,效果(have an effect on)七、干扰项“雷区”词汇(附真题案例)雷区类型 典型词汇 真题陷阱示例(原文vs.干扰项)过度绝对 all, must, never 原文:“Most students agree.” → 干扰项:“All students agree.” 偷换时态 was/were vs. is/are 原文:“She was a teacher.” → 干扰项:“She is a teacher.” 混淆地点 here/there 原文:“The event will be held in Beijing.” → 干扰项:“in Shanghai” 无中生有 原文未提的观点 原文讲“读书好处” → 干扰项:“看电视有害” 使用策略1. 每日晨读:每天背诵20个高频词,结合例句造句强化记忆。2. 真题实战:用真题练习时,圈出题干和选项中的高频词,对照原文找同义替换。3. 错题归类:将错题中反复出现的生词整理成“个人易错词表”,重点突破。通过系统性掌握这些词汇,配合逻辑关系分析和主题场景理解,中考阅读得分率将显著提升!21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览