资源简介

Unit8 Let’s celebrate 知识梳理
一、词汇
词汇 中文 用法及拓展
celebrate vi. & vt.庆祝 celebration n.庆祝 in celebration of为庆祝…
Christmas n.圣诞节 Christmas Eve圣诞节前夕 Christmas tree圣诞树at Christmas在圣诞节期间 on Christmas Day在圣诞节这一天
remember vt.纪念；记住 remember to do记得要去做某事 remember doing记得已做过某事
poet n. 诗人 poem n.诗，韵文
dragon n.龙 dragon boat n. 龙舟 dragonfly蜻蜓 the year of the dragon龙年 dragon boat races龙舟赛the Dragon Boat Festival龙舟节/端午节
race n.速度竞赛，赛跑人种，种族vt.和竞赛，使参加竞赛vi.比速度，参加竞赛 boat race划船比赛 horse race赛马 relay race接力赛 in the race在比赛中，有成功的可能 race against与…比赛 race against争取时间，分秒必争，与时间赛跑
dumpling n.汤团，饺子 rice dumpling棕子
Scottish adj.苏格兰（人）的
haggis n.哈吉斯（一种苏格兰美食）
dish n.一道菜，菜肴 do the dishes洗餐具，洗碗碟 wash the dishes 洗盘子delicious dishes 美味佳肴
lady n.女士；淑女 ladies（复数）first lady第一夫人；总统夫人 lady luck幸运，好机会
gentleman n. 先生；绅士 (pl. gentlemen) 先生，绅士 gentle adj.温和的
spread vt.(使)分散：传播 n.传播，散布，扩展， 蔓延 spread out 展开，铺开；伸张 spread over传遍，延续；遍布于…spread across传遍，席卷 spread around分散；扩散
doorstep n.门阶 doorway门口；途径
hang vt. & vi. 悬挂；绞死，吊死 hang-hanged-hanged（绞死）hang-hung-hung（悬挂）hang out 闲逛 hang on坚持下去；不挂断 hang up挂断电话；搁置，拖延
onion n.洋葱 spring onion葱，（英）大葱；生吃的小洋葱
Greek adj.希腊（人）的/希腊语的 Greece n.希腊
tradition n.传统 traditional adj.传统的culture and traditions 文化和传统
symbol n.象征；符号 a symbol of…的象征 symbolize v.象征 symbolic adj.象征的
midnight n.午夜 at midnight在午夜 burn the midnight oil开夜车
strike vt.&vi.敲，鸣，报时；撞击；罢工 strike-struck-struck/stricken go on strike 罢工strike a match 划火柴 strike a deal达成协议
into prep. 进入，到·里面 dive into跳入 turn into 变成 look into调查
in the hope of 希望 hopeful adj.有希望的 hopeless adj.无望的 hope to do希望做某事 hope project希望工程
ahead adv.在前面，向前 ahead of time/schedule提前 go ahead前进，进行look ahead向前看
carry vt. 拿，提，搬；携带 carry out 执行，实施 carry on 继续
suitcase n.(旅行用的)手提箱
block n.街区v.阻碍 a block of flats 公寓大楼an office block 办公大楼block the way阻挡道路
traveller n. (AmE traveler)旅行者，游客 travel v.旅行
wherever conj.在任何地方 引导让步状语从句
violin n.小提琴 violinist n.小提琴手 play the violin 拉小提琴
lively adj.轻快的；生气勃勃的 live v.生活，居住 alive adj.活着的 life n.生命，生活
spring roll n.春卷 egg roll蛋卷roll over 翻滚rock and roll 摇滚乐
moment n.某个时刻；瞬间，片刻 at the moment 现在，当时
tonight adv 在今晚
lantern n.灯笼 the Lantern Festival 元宵节
mountain n.高山，山岳 climb a mountain爬山 mountain range山脉 mountain peak山峰
climb v.攀登，爬 climber登山者go mountain climbing去爬山
natural adj.自然的 nature n.自然 natural science 自然科学natural beauty自然美 natural resources自然资源
beauty n. 美；美人 beautiful adj.美丽的 beautify v.美化inner beauty内在美beauty spot 风景区 beauty shop 美容院
respect n.尊敬 show respect for respect oneself 自重 in respect of 关于
elder n.长者，长辈 adj.年纪较长的 elder sister 姐姐
double adj.双的；两倍的 double room 双人房the Double Second Festival 二月二
forever adv.永远 forever and ever永远不变
decorate vt.装饰 decoration n.装饰 decorator n.装饰者
put up 张贴，挂起 put up the Spring Festival couplets张贴春联put up with忍受
beforehand adv.事先，预先
prepare vt.& vi.预备（饭菜）；把...预备好 preparation n.准备 prepare for 为…做准备
meaning n. 意义，意思 mean v.意味着 mean doing mean to domeaningful adj.有意义的meaningless adj.无意义的
during prep.在...期间 during the summer holiday 在暑假期间
last vi.持续 last forever 永存
till /til prep. & conj. 到...时，直到...为止 till the end of time 直到时间的尽头
heart n.内心；心脏 the heart of...的核心；...的要点 a heart-to-heart talk 谈心by heart 凭记忆
二、短语归纳
1.New Year celebrations新年庆祝
2.around the world/all over the world
世界各地
3.the meaning of different festivals
不同节日的意义
4.the life and work of the great poet
伟大诗人的生平与作品
5.a special dish一道特殊的菜
6. get together 聚在一起
7.spread salt撒盐
8.keep… from… 保护… 免受…
9.in the coming year即将到来的一年
10.a symbol of good luck and health
一种好运和健康的象征
11.near midnight接近午夜
12.in the hope of 希望
13.get over problems克服困难
14.carry suitcases携带行李箱
15.be full of充满
16.have a look看一下
17.be ready to do准备/乐于做某事
18.out with the old, in with the new辞旧迎新
19.play with one’s toys 玩某人的玩具
20.at the table坐在桌子旁
21.on the phone在电话中
22.the Vienna New Year’s Concert
维也纳新年音乐会
23.dance to the music伴着音乐跳舞
24.get ready for为做某事做准备
25.enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快
26.the Window of the World世界之窗
27.enjoy the natural beauty of autumn
欣赏秋天的自然美景
28.show respect and love to one’s elders
向某人的长辈表达尊重和爱
29.have a big family dinner
吃一顿丰盛的家庭大餐
30.sing Christmas songs常圣诞歌曲
31.on the Chinese New Year’s Eve
在新年夜前夕
32.one day一天
33.put up the Spring Festival couplets
张贴春联
34.some dishes with special meanings
一些有特殊意义的菜肴
35.during the holiday假期期间
36.watch the Spring Festival Gala
观看春节联欢晚会
37.visit relatives and friends走亲访友
38.send each other good wishes互送祝福
39.in one’s heart在某人的心中
40.in the kitchen 在厨房里
41.at the moment现在，当时
42.sound like听起来像
43.in the coming year在即将到来的一年
44.in the year ahead在未来的一年
45.show respect for/to对…表示尊敬
三、典句背诵
1.What’ your favourite festival, Millie 你最喜欢的节日是什么，米莉？
2.Many people think it’s a festival to remember the great poet,Quyuan很多人认为它是纪念伟大诗人屈原的一个节日、
3.It’s a Scottish festival to celebrate the life and work of the great poet, Robert Burns. 它是庆祝伟大诗人罗伯 特彭斯生平一个苏格兰节日。
4.We get together with friends and eat haggis, a special dish.我所有的家庭成员聚在一起吃哈吉斯，一道特殊的菜。
5.We also read poems by Robert Burns.我们也阅读罗伯 特彭斯写的诗歌。
6.New Year is coming. Let’s see how people all over the world are celebrating it.新年就要到了。让我们看看世界各地的人们是如何庆祝的。
6. Look at the man spreading salt on the doorstep.看那个在他家门阶上撒盐的人。
7.People in Türkiye/Turkey think salt will keep them from bad things in the coming year.土耳其的人们认为盐会使他们在即将到来的一年里远离厄运。
8.Onions are a symbol of good luck and health.洋葱是好运与健康的象征。
9.It’s a Greek tradition to welcome the new year.这是希腊迎接新年的传统。
10.Look! The families are all standing on chairs.看！一家人都站在椅子上。
11.When the clock strikes 12, they jump off their chairs into the new year, in the hope of getting over any problem in the year ahead!当时钟敲响12点，他们从椅子上一跃而下进入新的一年，祈愿在未来的一年里能克服任何困难！
12.In Colombia, some people are carrying suitcases around the block.在哥伦比亚，一些人拎着行李箱在街上转悠。
13.They’re hoping for a new year with lots of travel.他们希望新的一年有很多旅行。
14.The world is full of wonderful and interesting New Year traditions.世界上充满了奇妙而有趣的新年传统。
15.But wherever you are, Happy New Year!但是无论你在哪儿，祝你新年快乐！
16.They’re playing a famous piece from the Strauss family. Now some people are dancing to the music.他们正在弹奏施特劳斯家族的一首著名曲子。现在一些人正伴着音乐跳舞。
17.On this day, people often go mountain climbing to enjoy the natural beauty of autumn.在这一天，人们经常去爬山欣赏秋天的自然美景。
18.The Double Ninth Festival is also a time to show respect and love for our elders.重阳节也是向我们的长辈表达敬意和爱意的时候。
19.What do you usually do for Christmas in the UK 在英国你们圣诞节通常做什么？
20.We usually get together with family and friends for a big dinner.我们通常与家人和朋友聚在一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。
21.We give each other presents and sing Christmas songs.我们互相送礼物，唱圣诞歌。
22.Lovely! In China, the Spring Festival is the most important festival of the year, like your Christmas. 真好哇！在中国，春节是一年中最重要的节日，像你们的圣诞节一样。
23.We clean and decorate our homes, and we also have a big family dinner on the Chinese New Year’s Eve. 我们打扫和装饰我们的家，并且我们在除夕夜也有一顿丰盛的家庭聚餐。
24.That sounds like a lot of fun too!听起来也很有趣！
25.I’d love to spend the Spring Festival in China one day.我希望有一天能在中国过春节。
26.It is an important holiday in China.它是中国的一个重要的节日。
27.Usually, people clean their homes and put up the Spring Festival couplets beforehand.通常，人们会提前打扫他们的家，贴春联。
28.On the Chinese New Year’s Eve, families get together and enjoy a big dinner.在除夕夜，家人们聚在一起享受一顿丰盛的晚餐。
29.We prepare some dishes with special meanings, like jiaozi and niangao.我们准备一些有特殊意义的菜肴，比如饺子和年糕。
30. Then people like to watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV.然后人们喜欢在电视上看春节联欢晚会。
31.During the holiday, people visit relatives and friends and send each other good wishes.在节日期间，人们走亲访友，互相祝福。
32.Elders often give kids red packets to wish them good luck.长辈们经常给孩子们红包，祝他们好运。
33.The Spring Festival lasts till the Lantern Festival.春节一直持续到元宵节。
34.It is often cold at this time of year, but people feel warm in their hearts.每年的这个时候天气往往很冷，但人们心里却感到温暖。
四、知识点
1.What’ your favourite festival, Millie 你最喜欢的节日是什么，米莉？
What’ one’s favourite… 某人最喜欢的是什么？=What do/does sb. like… best 回答时可用sb’s favourite is… / …is sb’s favourite/Sb. like/likes… best.
—What’s her favourite fruit =What fruit does she like best 她最喜欢的水果是什么？
－Her favourite fruit is strawberries.
=Strawberries are her favourite fruit.
=She likes strawberries best.她最喜欢的水果是草莓。
—What’s your favourite season 你最喜欢的季节是什么？
—Winter.I can make a snowman.冬季。我可以堆雪人。
2.Many people think it’s a festival to remember the great poet,Quyuan.许多人认为它是一个纪念一位伟大诗人屈原的日子。
①remember 动词“记住；记起”，后跟名词、代词或名词性从句。反义词：forget 忘记。
I don’t remember where I met her.我记不起来我在什么地方见过她。
I can’t remember his address now.我现在想不起来他的地址了。
②remember doing sth. 记得（已经）做过某事，表示事情已经做了。 remember to do sth. 记住要去做某事，表示事情还没做。
I remember posting the letter for her.我记得已经替她把信寄了。
Remember to post the letter for her.记住替她寄这封信。
I remembered putting the keys in the bag.我记得把钥匙放在包里了。
拓展：与remember 用法类似的结构
forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事（动作已发生）forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事（动作没发生）。
stop doing sth.停止正在做的事 stop to do sth.停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。
—Don’t forget to take medicine, Tony.托尼，不要忘了吃药。
—Mum, I remembered taking it after lunch.妈妈，我记得午饭后吃过药了。
③festival 为名词，一般指具有悠久历史的传统节日，如我国的春节、中秋节等，也可以指定期举办的艺 术节、戏剧节、音乐节等。a festival to do一个做某事的节日
In China, the Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals of a year. 在中国，春节是一年中最重要的节日之一。
考点拓展：常见的节日
the Spring Festival 春节（农历正月初一）
Lantern Festival元育节（农历正月十五）
Dragon Boat Festival端午节（农历五月初五）
Double Ninth Festival重阳节（农历九月初九）
National Day国庆节（10月1日）
April Fool's Day愚人节（4月1日）
Mother's Day母亲节（5月的第2个星期日）
Father's Day父亲节（6月的第3个星期日）
3.We get together with friends and eat haggis, a special dish.我们和朋友聚在一起吃哈吉斯，一道特殊的菜。
①get together 聚集
We must get together for a drink sometime.我们什么时候得聚在一起喝一杯。
②dish n.盘；碟；一道菜；作“餐具”解时，总是用复数形式，其前常加the。do the dishes洗餐具。dish用作动词时，意思是“盛于碟或盘中”，常用于习语dish out（分发，.把食物分到盘里以便用餐）和dish up（把食物装盘，盛在盘中端上)
She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes.她给我做了各种各样的中国传统菜肴。
Could you please do the dishes 请你洗碗，好吗？
She dished out the food.她用餐时分发饭菜.
She asked Mary to help her dish up the dinner.她要玛丽帮她把菜肴分盛到盘子里。
4.We also read poems by Robert Burns.我们也阅读罗伯 特彭斯写的诗歌。
by prep.由…所作 an article/a poem by 由…写的文章/写的诗= an article/a poem written by
Yesterday I heard a very beautiful piece of music by Beethoven.昨天我听了一首由贝多芬创作的非常美妙的曲子。
拓展：by做介词的其他用法
①在…旁边；靠近 ②经过 ③（表示方式、手段等）靠，用，通过
④由，被（用来引出动作的执行者） ⑤（表示时间）不迟于，在…之前
He was drawing by the lake then. He wanted to finish this picture by 12 o’clock. He didn’t notice me when I passed by him. I told him I came here by bus.他那时正在湖边画画。他想在12点之前画完这幅画。我从他身边走过时他没有注意到我。我告诉他我是坐公共汽车到这儿的。
5.New Year is coming.新年就要到了。
现在进行时表将来，come, go, arrive, leave等表示位置移动的词常用现在进行时表将来
6.Let’s see how people all over the world are celebrating it.让我们看看世界各地的人们是如何庆祝的。
①特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。特殊疑问词what、who、how、why、which等可以引导宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序。
I don’t know what I should do.我不知道我应该做什么。
Can you tell me how I can go to the museum 你能告诉我怎么去博物馆吗？
②all over the world=around the world世界各地，介词短语，常在句中做后置定语，修饰前面的名词
When people all over the world/around the world talk about ping-pong, they must think of China.当世界各地的人谈论乒乓球时，他们一定会想到中国。
7.Look at the man spreading salt on the doorstep.看那个在他家门阶上撒盐的人。
①spreading salt on the doorstep现在分词短语做后置定语，修饰the man
②spread vt.&vi （使）分散；传播spread-spread-spread
n.传播，散布，扩展，蔓延 the spread of …的传播/蔓延
The news spread quickly.消息很快传开了。
We shouldn’t spread any rumors about others.我们不应当散布有关别人的任何谣言。
We should do what we can to prevent the spread of the virus.我们应当尽我们所能去阻止病毒的传播。
With the spread of Chinese culture, Chinese is widely used in the world.随着中国文化的传播，汉语在世界上被广泛应用。
8.People in Turkry think salt will keep them from bad things in the coming year.土耳其的人们认为盐会使他们在即将到来的一年里远离厄运。
keep …from使…远离；不让…知道 keep sb from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
You should keep children from the medicines.你应该让孩子们远离这些药品。
John told me to keep Mary from the truth.约翰让我不要把真相告诉玛丽。
The heavy rain kept us from getting to the airport on time.大雨使我们没能准时到达机场。
9.Here in Greece, an old woman is hanging onions on her door.在希腊，一位老妇人正往她的
门上挂洋葱。
hang vt.悬挂，挂起 hang-hung-hung hang sth. up把某物挂起来
vt.绞死，吊死hang-hanged-hanged
Hang your bag on the wall.把你的包挂在墙上。
Shall I hang your coat up 需要我把你的大衣挂起来吗？
He was hanged for murder.他因杀人而被处以绞刑.
拓展：hang的相关短语
hang around 闲荡；聚在...；邻近，徘徊；
hang on 紧抓不放，坚持；别挂断电话；等一下
hang out 打发时间；常去某处，泡在某处；闲荡，游荡
hang up 把…挂起；挂断（电话）；
My parents ask me not to hang out after school.我父母叫我放学后不要在外面闲逛。
You can hang up, John.你可以挂电话了，约翰。
Hang on—I’m not quite ready.等一等，我还没准备好呢。
10.It’s a Greek tradition to welcome the new year.这是希腊迎接新年的传统。
traditional adj. 意为“传统的；惯例的”，做表语或定语。
Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is traditional in China.在中国，春节的时候吃饺子是一种传统。
拓展：tradition n.意为“传统；惯例” in the tradition of 具有…的风格 by tradition 按照传统
It’s a tradition to do sth.做某事是一种传统 the tradition of…的传统
It is a tradition that the young look after the old in their family.在他们家，年轻人照顾长辈是一个传统。
It’s a tradition in China to eat zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival.在中国，端午节吃粽子是一种传统。
The tradition of tea drinking began in China thousands of years ago.饮茶的传统始于几千年前的中国。
12.When the clock strikes 12, they jump off their chairs into the new year, in the hope of getting over any problem in the year ahead!当时钟敲响12点，他们从椅子上一跃而下进入新的一年，祈愿在未来的一年里能克服任何困难！
①strike v.意为击；打；撞击；撞；碰；碰撞；击打；踢(球等)。
n.意为罢工；击；打；袭击；罢课；罢市；军事进攻，(尤指)空袭；踢。
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car. 孩子跑到公路上给车撞了。
He struck the table with his fist. 他用拳头打桌子。
Police fear that the killer may strike again. 警方担心杀人犯可能再次下手。
The area was struck by an outbreak of cholera. 那一地区爆发了霍乱。
Air traffic controllers are threatening to come out on/go on strike . 空中交通管制员威胁要举行罢工。
②in the hope of抱着…的希望后接名词、代词或动名词
They got up very early in the hope of catching the first train.他们起得很早，希望能赶上第一班火车。
③get over克服=overcome
She can’t get over her shyness.她不能克服她的羞怯心理。
I have a big problem. I don’t know how to get over it.我有一个大的问题。我不知道如何克服它。
拓展：get的相关短语
get up起床 get on上车 get off下车 get back返回，重新获得 get lost迷路
get out出去，泄露 get on/along with与…相处
④ahead adv.在前面，向前，可指时间或空间在前面/向前
The road ahead is very narrow.前面的路很窄。
We’ve got a lot of hard work ahead.我们往后还有很多艰苦的工作要做。
拓展：ahead的其他用法
ahead v.提早，提前；占优势，领先
We have to plan ahead.我们必须提早计划。
You need to work hard to keep ahead.你要努力才能保持领先优势。
go ahead可以，开始吧
—Mom, can I talk to you about my job offer,please 妈妈，请问我可以和您谈谈我工作机会的事情吗？
—Go ahead.可以，说吧。
13.some people are carrying suitcases around the block.一些人拎着行李箱在街上转悠。
carry为动词，意为“拿；抱；扛”。
The bag is too heavy. Let’s carry it together.这个袋子太重了。让我们一起来抬吧。
He is carrying a big box.他正搬着一个大箱子。
拓展：bring, take, fetch/get, carry
bring 指从别处把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地点，动作由远及近。
take 指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带走，动作由近及远。
fetch/get 指从说话者所在地到某处，然后从某处把某物带回到说话者所在地，动作是先去后回。
carry 不特别表示带到什么地方，而携带或搬运的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。
Don’t forget to bring me that book next time you come.下次你来的时候，别忘了把那本书给我带来。
When he leaves, he will take the book with him.他走的时候会把书带走的。
You have to fetch/get the book.你得去把那本书取回来。
The box is too heavy for me to carry.那箱子太重了，我搬不动。
14.But wherever you are, Happy New Year!但是无论你在哪儿，祝你新年快乐！
wherever conj.无论在什么地方=no matter where, 引导让步状语从句。
Sit wherever you like.你喜欢坐哪儿就坐哪儿。
Wherever you go, you can see volunteers in red vests.无论你走到哪里，你都能看到穿着红色马甲的志愿者。
拓展：类似的词还有
whatever=no matter what无论什么 whichever-no matter which无论哪个
whoever=no matter who无论谁 however=no matter how无论如何
15.In Colombia, some people are carrying suitcases around the block.在哥伦比亚，一些人拎着行李箱在街上转悠。
catch v.赶上 catch-catches-caught-caught
Mrs Hunter often get up early to catch the first bus.亨特先生经常早期赶第一班公共汽车。
拓展：catch作动词的其他用法
Can you catch the ball with one hand 你能用一只手接住这个球吗？
Tom was absent from classes yesterday because he caught a cold.汤姆昨天没来上学是因为他感冒了。
Mr. Wang, I didn’t catch what you said.王老师，我没听清楚你说的话。
16.On this day, people often go mountain climbing to enjoy the natural beauty of autumn.在这一天，人们经常去爬山欣赏秋天的自然美景。
①natural adj.自然的，天然的，天生的。
natural resources/beauty/environment自然资源/美景/环境
It’s natural to forget new words忘记生词是自然的！
They ate natural food like fish and vegetables.他们吃天然食品，如鱼和蔬菜。
It is natural for ducks to swim.鸭子会游泳是天生的。
②nature un.大自然，自然界。
Sometimes, he would stop to enjoy the beauty of nature.有时他会停下来欣赏大自然的美景。
17.This is because “double ninth” sounds like the word “forever” in Chinese.这是因为“九九”在汉语中与“久久”谐音。
This/That is because… 这/那是因为…，because后面的句子表示原因或理由。
This/That is why… 这/那就是为什么…，why后面的句子表示结果。
Amy usually gets good grades in the exam. This is because she studies very hard.埃米通常会在考试中取得好成绩。这是因为她学习非常努力。
Amy studies very hard. This is why she usually gets good grades in the exam.埃米学习非常努力。这就是她为什么在考试中取得好成绩。
18.Usually, people clean their homes and put up the Spring Festival couplets beforehand.通常，人们会提前打扫他们的 家，贴春联。
put up 张贴，挂起；举起；搭建
At the Spring Festival, people put up “Fu” on doors or windows.在春节，人们把“福”字贴在门上或窗户上。
He puts up his hands to ask a question.他举起手来问问题。
Here is the tent. Let’s put it up.帐篷在这儿。咱们把它搭起来吧。
The photos that won the first prize in the competition will be put up on the website.
拓展：put的相关短语
put away 收拾；放好 put off 推迟 put out 熄灭；扑灭 put down 记下；放下
put on 穿上 put up with容忍
19.We prepare some dishes with special meanings, like jiaozi and niangao.我们准备一些有特殊意义的菜肴，比如饺子和年糕。
①prepare 动词，意为“准备；预备；提防（某种情况）”。prepare for...为…….做准备。
We are preparing for the English test. 我们正在为英语考试做准备。
She is preparing dinner.她正在准备晚饭。
拓展：prepare 的搭配
prepare sth. 准备某物/事
prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
prepare for… 为…做准备
be prepared against sth. 对…做好准备（指不好的事情）
prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。
The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正忙着准备期末考试。
We must be prepared against war.我们必须备战。
To prepare for a big exam, the students in Class 2 are all working hard.
②meaning n.意为“意思，含义”；the meaning of…的意思/意义
What’s the meaning of…=What do/does…mean… …的意思是什么
mean v.意为“意思，意味着”；
means n.表示“方法，手段”，单复数同形；
meaningless adj.意为“没有意义的”，它是meaning加否定后缀-less构成的，-less常用来构成形容词，表示“无……的，不能……的”。 meaningful adj.意为“有意义的”。
Do you know the meaning of this word 你知道这个单词的意思吗？
What’s the meaning of this word
=What does this word mean 这个单词的意思是什么？
拓展：-less构成的常见形容词
homeless无家可归的 careless 粗心的 helpless无助的 useless无用的 hopeless无望的
His words seemed to be meaningless.他的话似乎没有任何意义。
—What do you think of this TV program？
—It’s meaningless. I don’t like it.
20.During the holiday, people visit relatives and friends and send each other good wishes.在节日期间，人们走亲访友，互相祝福。
during 做介词，意为“在……期间”。during 相当于in，其后不能再接介词短语。
More and more people choose to travel during the Spring Festival.越来越多的人选择在春节期间去旅游。
The students will go home during the winter vacation. 寒假期间学生们要回家去。
During the holidays I had a great time.假期里我玩得痛快极了。
注意：对“during…”介词短语提问用疑问词 when。
—It is said that children in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at night during their military training（军训）.
—Really？So their training is much harder than ours.
21.It is often cold at this time of year, but people feel warm in their hearts.每年的这个时候天气往往很冷，但人们心里却感到温暖。
heart n.内心；心脏 heart problems/disease心脏病 lose one’s heart丧失信心；泄气
break one’s heart使某人很难过；使心碎 by heart凭记忆；牢记；熟记
at heart在内心，在心里，本质上
Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you will succeed some day.不要会心。如果你继续努力，总有一天会成功的。
I’m sorry to break your heart.很抱歉让你伤心了。
—How do you learn these words by heart 你是怎么记住这些单词的？
—By using them in different ways.通过用不同的方式运用它们。
重点语法－现在进行时
（一）基本用法
1.意义：现在进行时表示现在或说话的瞬间正在进行的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.构成：“主语+be（is/am/are）+动词现在分词+其他”
主语 be 现在分词
第一人称单数 am v.+-ing
第三人称单数 is
第二人称单数 are
所有人称复数
The students of Class Two are singing.二班的学生正在唱歌。
She is putting on a yellow sweater.她正在穿一件黄毛衣。
I am looking at the blackboard.我正在看黑板。
3.现在进行时的句型
肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+现在分词+其他.
Tom is playing golf.
否定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+not+现在分词+其他.
He is not playing football on the playground now.
一般疑问句：Be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其他？
—Are you listen to music
—Yes, I am.
—Is he doing his homework
—No, he isn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其他？
—What is your father doing
—He is watching TV.
—Who is speaking in the room
—Tom.
注意：现在进行时的特殊疑问句不能用Yes 或No回答，而要根据实际情况作答。
二、特殊用法
常用的标志词：now现在，look看，listen听，these days这些天，at the moment此刻，just正好，at present目前等。
Listen！She is singing an English song.听！她正在唱英语歌。
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
It's 6:30 now.I am getting up.现在是6:30。我正在起床。
三、难点突破
1.当句子中有now, at the moment（此刻，现在）时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
We’re far from home.What are our parents doing at the moment？我们现在离家远。我们的父母此刻在做什么呢？
2.以 look,listen 开头的句子，或出现 Can’t you see？等暗示提示动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。
Listen！The bird is singing in the tree.听！鸟儿正在树上唱歌。
Look！What is she looking for？看！她在找什么？
Many children are swimming in the river. Can’t you see？许多小孩在河里游泳。你难道看不见吗？
3.表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。
We are working in the factory these days.这些天我们正在这个工厂工作。
4.描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动，此时也常用现在进行时。
Look at the picture. The children are flying kite in the park.看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园里放风筝。
5.根据上下文的暗示，句子可能用现在进行时。
—Where is Mr.Green？格林先生在哪儿？
—Oh, he is reading a newspaper in the office.噢，他正在办公室看报纸。
6.某些动词的现在进行时表示计划或即将发生的动作。
I am coming to see you next week.下周我来看你。
She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.明天她打算去上海。
7.表示现阶段频繁发生的动作，常与always 等词连用。（说话人往往带有某种感彩，如赞扬、欣赏、厌烦、批评、惊讶、不理解等）
He is always asking me the same question.他总是问我同一个问题。
现在分词的变化规则
1. 一般在词尾加-ing。例如：going，playing，knowing
2. 以不发音的字母e结尾，先去e再加-ing。例如：making，arriving，coming
3. 以重读闭音节（辅元辅）结尾的动词，双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ing。例如：running, stopping, preferring, sitting, putting, getting
4.以-ie结尾，先将-ie改成y，再加-ing。例如：tying，dying, lying
口诀：现在进行ing,以e 结尾要去e，除去几个特殊词，
系住tie-tying死去die-dying要躺下lie-lying，
直接ie变成y, 一元一辅双写辅（单音节的词）。
谚语:
1.Let us remember: one book, one pen, one child and one teacher can change the world.我们要时刻明白:一本书、一支笔、一个孩子和一名教师可以改变世界。
2.Teachers open the door, but you must enter by your self.师傅领进门,修行在个人
3.Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn.告诉我，我会忘记；教我，我会记得；让我参与其中，我就会理解了。
4.The beautiful thing about learning is that no one can take it away from you.学习的美好之处就在于没有人能把它从你手里夺走。
5.A gentleman makes money in an honest way and uses it wisely.君子爱财，取之有道，用之有度。
6.If you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell things you need.如果你买不需要的东西,你就会很快卖掉你所需要的东西。
7.Out of sight,out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。
8.There is no smoke without fire.无风不起浪。
9.Like teacher. like pupil. 有其师必有其徒。
10.Out with the old, in with the new.辞旧迎新.
11.As is the teacher, so is the pupil.有其师必有其徒，
12. If three of us are walking together, at least one of the other two is good enough to be my teacher.三人行必有我师焉。
13.A teacher for a day is a father for a lifetime.一日为师，终身为父。

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