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高考英语过去进行时复习学案
一、复习目标
1. 掌握过去进行时的结构（was/were + 现在分词）及核心用法。
2. 区分过去进行时与一般过去时、现在进行时的语境差异。
3. 熟练应对语法填空、短文改错、写作中过去进行时的高频考查点。
二、核心知识梳理
（一）基本结构
人称 肯定句 否定句 疑问句
第一/三人称单数（I/he/she/it） I was working.He was working. I wasn’t working.He wasn’t working. Was I working Was he working
复数（we/you/they） We were working. We weren’t working. Were you working
现在分词变化规则：同现在进行时（如play→playing, sit→sitting）。
（二）核心用法
1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
（常与at + 时间点、when/while引导的时间状语从句连用）
例句：
At 8 pm yesterday, I was doing my homework.（过去某时刻正在做）
When the phone rang, she was cooking dinner.（电话响时，她正在做饭）
2. 表示过去某一阶段持续进行的动作
（常与these days, from 2 to 4 yesterday等连用）
例句：
They were building a bridge last month.（上个月持续在建桥）
From 1990 to 2000, he was studying in London.（某阶段持续发生）
3. 与一般过去时的对比
时态 动作特点 例句对比
过去进行时 过去某时正在进行（未完成） When I saw her, she was reading a book.（看见时正在读）
一般过去时 过去某时完成的动作 She read a book yesterday.（昨天读完了书）
4. 用于故事背景描写或礼貌请求
例句：
It was raining heavily when the accident happened.（事故发生时，雨下得正大）
I was wondering if you could help me.（委婉请求，比I wonder更礼貌）
（三）关键时间状语
具体时刻：at 9:00 last night, this time yesterday
从句标志：when/while引导的时间状语从句（when后可接瞬间/延续动作，while后接延续动作）
错：While he left the room, I was reading.
对：When he left the room, I was reading.（left为瞬间动作，用when）
对：While he was leaving the room, I was reading.（强调“离开的过程中”，用while+进行时）
三、高频考点突破
（一）语法填空：时态判断与结构运用
解题步骤：
1. 找过去时间状语（如at that time, while等）或上下文语境（如另一过去动作同时发生）。
2. 确定主语单复数，选择was/were。
3. 正确变化现在分词（注意双写、去e等规则）。
例题：
1. What were you doing (do) at 3 pm yesterday （at 3 pm yesterday提示过去进行时）
2. While they were playing (play) football, it began to rain.（while引导延续动作，用进行时）
3. He wasn’t watching (not watch) TV at 8 pm. He was reading.（否定句结构）
（二）短文改错：时态误用与结构错误
常见错误类型：
1. 与一般过去时混淆：
错：When I called him, he watched TV.
对：When I called him, he was watching TV.（强调“打电话时正在看电视”）
2. be动词误用：
错：They was playing basketball at that time.
对：They were playing basketball at that time.（they复数，用were）
3. 现在分词形式错误：
错：She was write a letter.
对：She was writing a letter.（去e+ing）
例题：
错：While I cooked dinner, my husband was cleaning the room.
改：While I was cooking dinner, my husband was cleaning the room.（while后用延续性的进行时）
（三）写作：过去进行时的场景描写
提升技巧：
1. 用“过去进行时+when/while”结构营造画面感：
原句：I was walking in the park. I met an old friend.
改：While I was walking in the park, I met an old friend.（强调“散步时偶遇”）
2. 避免过度使用进行时，区分动作的持续性与完成性：
正确：He was drawing a picture at 2 pm.（未完成）
正确：He drew a picture yesterday.（已完成）
3. 故事开头用过去进行时铺垫背景：
One day, the sun was shining, and birds were singing. Suddenly, a stranger appeared.
四、巩固练习
（一）单句填空
1. At 5 pm yesterday, we ______ (play) basketball on the playground.
2. She ______ (not study) at this time last week; she was traveling.
3. What ______ your brother ______ (do) when the storm came
4. They ______ (build) a house from 2020 to 2022.
5. While I ______ (read), my mother was cooking.
（二）短文改错（每行一处错误）
1. I was watch TV when the doorbell rang. __________
2. They were play football at 4 pm yesterday. __________
3. When he arrived, we are having a meeting. __________
4. Was you studying English at 9 pm last night __________
5. She wasn’t listen to music; she was reading. __________
（三）写作提升
用过去进行时完成句子：
1. 昨天这个时候，我正在写作业。
I ____________________ my homework at this time yesterday.
2. 当老师进来时，学生们正在说话。
The students ____________________ when the teacher came in.
3. 他们整个下午都在打扫房间。
They ____________________ the room all afternoon.
五、参考答案（独立完成后核对）
（一）单句填空
1. were playing
2. wasn’t studying
3. was; doing
4. were building
5. was reading
（二）短文改错
1. watch→watching（be动词后用现在分词）
2. play→playing（were后用现在分词）
3. are→were（主从句均为过去时）
4. Was→Were（you对应were）
5. listen→listening（wasn’t后用现在分词）
（三）写作提升
1. was doing
2. were talking
3. were cleaning
备考小贴士：
1. 制作“过去进行时vs.一般过去时对比表”，通过例句强化差异记忆。
2. 针对when/while从句，专项练习时态搭配（如：when+过去式，while+过去进行时）。
3. 写作中尝试用过去进行时描述事故、相遇等场景，提升叙事生动性。
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