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kmkm 第1/12页 1170
人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 3 Same or Different
一、语法考点
（一）形容词和副词的比较级
1. 构成规则
①一般在词尾加 -er。例如：tall - taller，fast - faster。
②以字母 e 结尾的词，加 -r。例如：nice - nicer，fine - finer。
③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -er。
例如：big - bigger，hot - hotter。
④以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -er。例如：
happy - happier，early - earlier。
⑤多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加 more。例如： interesting - more
interesting，outgoing - more outgoing。
2. 用法：表示两者之间的比较，常用 “比较级 + than” 结构。例如：My sister is taller
than me.（我姐姐比我高。）
3. 特殊句型
①“as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样”。例如：Tom is as tall
as Jack.（汤姆和杰克一样高。）
②“not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as” 表示 “不如……”。例如：This book
is not as interesting as that one.（这本书不如那本书有趣。）
③“比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示 “越来越……”。例如：It's getting colder
and colder.（天气越来越冷了。）
④“the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示 “越……，越……”。例如：The more you
read, the more you know.（你读得越多，知道得就越多。）
（二）选择疑问句
1. 结构：一般疑问句 + or + 选择部分？例如：Do you like apples or bananas （你
喜欢苹果还是香蕉？）
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2. 回答：不能用 yes 或 no 回答，需从提供的选项中选择其一进行回答。例如：
I like apples.（我喜欢苹果。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. outgoing：adj. 爱交际的；友好的；外向的。比较级为 more outgoing。例如：
She is more outgoing than her sister.（她比她姐姐更外向。）
2. better：adj. & adv. 较好的（地）；更好的（地），是 good/well 的比较级。
例如：This idea is better.（这个主意更好。）He plays basketball better than me.
（他篮球打得比我好。）
3. loudly：adv. 喧闹地；大声地；响亮地。比较级为 more loudly。例如：Please
don't speak so loudly.（请不要这么大声说话。）
4. quietly：adv. 轻声地；轻柔地；安静地。比较级为 more quietly。例如：The baby
is sleeping. Please talk quietly.（宝宝在睡觉，请轻声说话。）
5. hard - working：adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的。比较级为 more hard - working。
例如：My classmates are all hard - working.（我的同学们都很勤奋。）
6. competition：n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争。例如：We will have a singing competition
next week.（下周我们将举行一场歌唱比赛。）
7. fantastic：adj. 极好的；了不起的。例如：We had a fantastic time at the party.
（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）
8. which：pron. & adj. 哪一个；哪一些。例如：Which book do you like best （你
最喜欢哪本书？）
9. clearly：adv. 清楚地；清晰地；明白地。比较级为 more clearly。例如：Speak
clearly so that everyone can hear you.（说清楚点，以便每个人都能听到你。）
10. win：v. 获胜；赢；赢得。过去式为 won。例如：Our team won the game.（我
们队赢了这场比赛。）
（二）重点短语
1. care about：关心；在意。例如：We should care about our friends.（我们应该
关心我们的朋友。）
2. be different from：与…… 不同。例如：My lifestyle is different from yours.（我
的生活方式和你的不同。）
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3. as long as：只要；既然。例如：You can get good grades as long as you study
hard.（只要你努力学习，你就能取得好成绩。）
4. bring out：使显现；使表现出。例如：This kind of music can bring out the best
in her.（这种音乐能激发出她最好的一面。）
5. the same as：和…… 相同；与…… 一致。例如：His bike is the same as mine.
（他的自行车和我的一样。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. My brother is ________ than me. He likes talking with others.
A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. the most outgoing
答案：B
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，outgoing 是多音节词，其比较级是 more
outgoing，所以选 B。
2. —Who sings ________ in your class
— Li Ming does.
A. better B. best C. good D. well
答案：B
解析：in your class 表示范围，在班级里比较唱歌情况，用最高级，sing 是
动词，用副词 well 的最高级 best 修饰，所以选 B。
3. My sister is as ________ as her classmate Mary.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
答案：A
解析：“as + 形容词原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样”，所以用 tall 的原级，
选 A。
4. —Which is ________, the sun, the moon or the earth
— The moon.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
答案：D
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解析：the sun, the moon or the earth 三者比较，用最高级，最高级前要加
the，所以选 D。
5. —Who runs ________ in your school
— Tom does.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast
答案：C
解析：in your school 表示范围，在学校里比较跑步速度，用最高级，fast 的
最高级是 fastest，所以选 C。
6. — Is your friend ________ than you
— No, he is as ________ as me.
A. thin; thin B. thinner; thinner C. thin; thinner D. thinner; thin
答案：D
解析：第一空由 than 可知用比较级 thinner；第二空 “as + 形容词原级 +
as”，用 thin 的原级，所以选 D。
7. My mother is ________ than my father.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. the funniest
答案：B
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，funny 的比较级是 funnier，所以选 B。
8. —Which subject do you like ________, math or English
— English.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
答案：B
解析：math or English 两者比较，用比较级，like 是动词，用 well 的比较
级 better 修饰，所以选 B。
9. —What do you think of the movie
— It's ________ than the last one.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
答案：B
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，interesting 是多音节词，其比较级是 more
interesting，所以选 B。
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10.My friend is good at ________.
A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sings
答案：C
解析：be good at doing sth. 表示 “擅长做某事”，所以用 sing 的动名词形
式 singing，选 C。
11.— Is Tom ________ than Sam
— No, he isn't. Sam is taller.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
答案：B
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，所以选 B。
12.—Who listens ________, Tom, Jack or Bill
— Jack does.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
答案：D
解析：Tom, Jack or Bill 三者比较，用最高级，listen 是动词，用副词 carefully
的最高级 the most carefully 修饰，所以选 D。最高级前要加 the。
13.My father is ________ than my mother.
A. busy B. busier C. busiest D. the busiest
答案：B
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，busy 的比较级是 busier，所以选 B。
14.—Which city is ________, Beijing or Shanghai
— It's hard to say.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful
答案：B
解析：Beijing or Shanghai 两者比较，用比较级，beautiful 是多音节词，
其比较级是 more beautiful，所以选 B。
15.—Who writes ________ in your class
— Lily does.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
答案：D
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解析：in your class 表示范围，在班级里比较书写情况，用最高级，write 是
动词，用副词 carefully 的最高级 the most carefully 修饰，所以选 D。最
高级前要加 the。
16.My sister is ________ than me at sports.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
答案：C
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，good/well 的比较级是 better，所以选 C。
17.—Which is ________, a bike, a bus or a car
— A bike.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
答案：D
解析：a bike, a bus or a car 三者比较，用最高级，cheap 的最高级是 the
cheapest，所以选 D。最高级前要加 the。
18.My friend is ________ than me. He always makes me laugh.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. the funniest
答案：B
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，funny 的比较级是 funnier，所以选 B。
19.—Who plays the piano ________, Lucy or Lily
— Lily does.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
答案：B
解析：Lucy or Lily 两者比较，用比较级，play 是动词，用 well 的比较级
better 修饰，所以选 B。
20.My brother is ________ at math than me.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
答案：C
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，good/well 的比较级是 better，所以选 C。
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
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1. My sister is ________ (outgoing) than me.
答案：more outgoing
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，outgoing 是多音节词，其比较级是 more
outgoing。
2. Who is ________ (tall), Tom or Jack
答案：taller
解析：Tom or Jack 两者比较，用比较级，tall 的比较级是 taller。
3. My mother is ________ (busy) than my father.
答案：busier
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，busy 的比较级是变 y 为 i 再加 -er，即
busier。
4. This book is ________ (interesting) than that one.
答案：more interesting
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，interesting 是多音节词，其比较级是 more
interesting。
5. He runs ________ (fast) than his brother.
答案：faster
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，fast 的比较级是 faster。
6. My friend is as ________ (good) at English as me.
答案：good
解析：“as + 形容词原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样”，所以用 good 的原级。
7. Who sings ________ (loudly), Lucy or Lily
答案：more loudly
解析：Lucy or Lily 两者比较，用比较级，loudly 是多音节词，其比较级是
more loudly。
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8. My sister dances ________ (well) than me.
答案：better
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，well 的比较级是 better。
9. Which subject do you like ________ (well), math or English
答案：better
解析：math or English 两者比较，用比较级，well 的比较级是 better。
10.My father is ________ (funny) than my mother.
答案：funnier
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，funny 的比较级是变 y 为 i 再加 -er，即
funnier。
11. The weather today is ________ (hot) than yesterday.
答案：hotter
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，hot 是重读闭音节词，双写 t 再加 -er，即
hotter。
12.My brother is ________ (thin) than me.
答案：thinner
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，thin 是重读闭音节词，双写 n 再加 -er，
即 thinner。
13.Who is ________ (quiet), Tom or Sam
答案：quieter
解析：Tom or Sam 两者比较，用比较级，quiet 的比较级是 quieter。
14. This movie is ________ (boring) than that one.
答案：more boring
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，boring 是多音节词，其比较级是 more
boring。
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15.My mother is ________ (hard - working) than my father.
答案：more hard - working
解析：由 than 可知用比较级，hard - working 是多音节词，其比较级是
more hard - working。
16. He is ________ (tall) of the three boys.
答案：the tallest
解析：of the three boys 表示范围，三者比较用最高级，tall 的最高级是 the
tallest，最高级前要加 the。
17.Which is ________ (big), the sun, the moon or the earth
答案：the biggest
解析：the sun, the moon or the earth 三者比较，用最高级，big 是重读闭
音节词，双写 g 再加 -est，即 the biggest，最高级前要加 the。
18.My sister is ________ (good) at math in her class.
答案：the best
解析：in her class 表示范围，在班级里比较数学能力，用最高级，good 的
最高级是 the best，最高级前要加 the。
19.Who runs ________ (fast) in your school
答案：the fastest
解析：in your school 表示范围，在学校里比较跑步速度，用最高级，fast 的
最高级是 the fastest，最高级前要加 the。
20. This book is ________ (interesting) of the three.
答案：the most interesting
解析：of the three 表示范围，三者比较用最高级，interesting 是多音节词，
其最高级是 the most interesting，最高级前要加 the。
（三）阅读理解
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In modern society, people are becoming more and more concerned about
their health. There are different ways to maintain a healthy lifestyle, and each
person may choose the one that suits them best.
Tom is a 15 - year - old middle school student. He likes playing basketball
very much. He plays basketball with his classmates after school three times a
week. He believes that playing basketball not only helps him keep fit but also
improves his teamwork skills. He also eats a balanced diet. He always has a
glass of milk and an egg for breakfast. He eats plenty of fruits and vegetables
every day. He hardly ever eats junk food like hamburgers and chips.
On the other hand, Lily has a different way to stay healthy. She is very
interested in yoga. She goes to a yoga class twice a week. Yoga makes her
body more flexible and helps her relax. She also pays attention to her sleep.
She goes to bed before 10 o'clock every night and sleeps for about 8 hours.
She thinks a good sleep is very important for her health.
Another student, Jack, likes running. He runs for half an hour every
morning. Running makes him energetic throughout the day. He also tries to
reduce his stress. He listens to music when he is tired, which helps him calm
down.
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In conclusion, there are various ways to live a healthy life. Whether it's
through sports, a balanced diet, good sleep, or stress - reduction methods,
everyone can find their own path to health.
1. （ ）How often does Tom play basketball
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week.
答案：C
解析：根据文中 “He plays basketball with his classmates after school three
times a week.” 可知，Tom 每周和同学一起打篮球三次，所以选 C。
2. （ ）What does Tom have for breakfast
A. A glass of juice and an egg. B. A glass of milk and an egg.
C. A hamburger and a glass of milk. D. An apple and a glass of juice.
答案：B
解析：从 “He always has a glass of milk and an egg for breakfast.” 可知，
Tom 早餐总是喝一杯牛奶，吃一个鸡蛋，所以选 B。
3. （ ）How often does Lily go to the yoga class
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week. D. Every day.
答案：B
解析：由 “She goes to a yoga class twice a week.” 可知，Lily 每周去两次
瑜伽课，所以选 B。
4. （ ）What time does Lily go to bed
A. Before 9 o'clock. B. Before 10 o'clock.
C. After 10 o'clock. D. After 11 o'clock.
答案：B
解析：根据 “She goes to bed before 10 o'clock every night” 可知，Lily 每
晚 10 点前上床睡觉，所以选 B。
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5. （ ）How long does Jack run every morning
A. For 15 minutes. B. For 20 minutes.
C. For 30 minutes. D. For 45 minutes.
答案：C
解析：从 “He runs for half an hour every morning.” 可知，Jack 每天早上
跑步半小时，即 30 分钟，所以选 C。
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人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 3 Same or Different
一、语法考点
（一）形容词和副词的比较级
1. 构成规则
①一般在词尾加 -er。例如：tall - taller，fast - faster。
②以字母 e 结尾的词，加 -r。例如：nice - nicer，fine - finer。
③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -er。
例如：big - bigger，hot - hotter。
④以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -er。例如：
happy - happier，early - earlier。
⑤多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加 more。例如： interesting - more
interesting，outgoing - more outgoing。
2. 用法：表示两者之间的比较，常用 “比较级 + than” 结构。例如：My sister is taller
than me.（我姐姐比我高。）
3. 特殊句型
①“as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样”。例如：Tom is as tall
as Jack.（汤姆和杰克一样高。）
②“not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as” 表示 “不如……”。例如：This book
is not as interesting as that one.（这本书不如那本书有趣。）
③“比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示 “越来越……”。例如：It's getting colder
and colder.（天气越来越冷了。）
④“the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示 “越……，越……”。例如：The more you
read, the more you know.（你读得越多，知道得就越多。）
（二）选择疑问句
1. 结构：一般疑问句 + or + 选择部分？例如：Do you like apples or bananas （你
喜欢苹果还是香蕉？）
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2. 回答：不能用 yes 或 no 回答，需从提供的选项中选择其一进行回答。例如：
I like apples.（我喜欢苹果。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. outgoing：adj. 爱交际的；友好的；外向的。比较级为 more outgoing。例如：
She is more outgoing than her sister.（她比她姐姐更外向。）
2. better：adj. & adv. 较好的（地）；更好的（地），是 good/well 的比较级。
例如：This idea is better.（这个主意更好。）He plays basketball better than me.
（他篮球打得比我好。）
3. loudly：adv. 喧闹地；大声地；响亮地。比较级为 more loudly。例如：Please
don't speak so loudly.（请不要这么大声说话。）
4. quietly：adv. 轻声地；轻柔地；安静地。比较级为 more quietly。例如：The baby
is sleeping. Please talk quietly.（宝宝在睡觉，请轻声说话。）
5. hard - working：adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的。比较级为 more hard - working。
例如：My classmates are all hard - working.（我的同学们都很勤奋。）
6. competition：n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争。例如：We will have a singing competition
next week.（下周我们将举行一场歌唱比赛。）
7. fantastic：adj. 极好的；了不起的。例如：We had a fantastic time at the party.
（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）
8. which：pron. & adj. 哪一个；哪一些。例如：Which book do you like best （你
最喜欢哪本书？）
9. clearly：adv. 清楚地；清晰地；明白地。比较级为 more clearly。例如：Speak
clearly so that everyone can hear you.（说清楚点，以便每个人都能听到你。）
10. win：v. 获胜；赢；赢得。过去式为 won。例如：Our team won the game.（我
们队赢了这场比赛。）
（二）重点短语
1. care about：关心；在意。例如：We should care about our friends.（我们应该
关心我们的朋友。）
2. be different from：与…… 不同。例如：My lifestyle is different from yours.（我
的生活方式和你的不同。）
3. as long as：只要；既然。例如：You can get good grades as long as you study
hard.（只要你努力学习，你就能取得好成绩。）
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4. bring out：使显现；使表现出。例如：This kind of music can bring out the best
in her.（这种音乐能激发出她最好的一面。）
5. the same as：和…… 相同；与…… 一致。例如：His bike is the same as mine.
（他的自行车和我的一样。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. My brother is ________ than me. He likes talking with others.
A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. the most outgoing
2. —Who sings ________ in your class
— Li Ming does.
A. better B. best C. good D. well
3. My sister is as ________ as her classmate Mary.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
4. —Which is ________, the sun, the moon or the earth
— The moon.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
5. —Who runs ________ in your school
— Tom does.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast
6. — Is your friend ________ than you
— No, he is as ________ as me.
A. thin; thin B. thinner; thinner C. thin; thinner D. thinner; thin
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇
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7. My mother is ________ than my father.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. the funniest
8. —Which subject do you like ________, math or English
— English.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
9. —What do you think of the movie
— It's ________ than the last one.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
10.My friend is good at ________.
A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sings
11.— Is Tom ________ than Sam
— No, he isn't. Sam is taller.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
12.—Who listens ________, Tom, Jack or Bill
— Jack does.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
13.My father is ________ than my mother.
A. busy B. busier C. busiest D. the busiest
14.—Which city is ________, Beijing or Shanghai
— It's hard to say.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful
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15.—Who writes ________ in your class
— Lily does.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
16.My sister is ________ than me at sports.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
17.—Which is ________, a bike, a bus or a car
— A bike.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
18.My friend is ________ than me. He always makes me laugh.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. the funniest
19.—Who plays the piano ________, Lucy or Lily
— Lily does.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
20.My brother is ________ at math than me.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. My sister is ________ (outgoing) than me.
2. Who is ________ (tall), Tom or Jack
3. My mother is ________ (busy) than my father.
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4. This book is ________ (interesting) than that one.
5. He runs ________ (fast) than his brother.
6. My friend is as ________ (good) at English as me.
7. Who sings ________ (loudly), Lucy or Lily
8. My sister dances ________ (well) than me.
9. Which subject do you like ________ (well), math or English
10.My father is ________ (funny) than my mother.
11. The weather today is ________ (hot) than yesterday.
12.My brother is ________ (thin) than me.
13.Who is ________ (quiet), Tom or Sam
14. This movie is ________ (boring) than that one.
15.My mother is ________ (hard - working) than my father.
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16. He is ________ (tall) of the three boys.
17.Which is ________ (big), the sun, the moon or the earth
18.My sister is ________ (good) at math in her class.
19.Who runs ________ (fast) in your school
20. This book is ________ (interesting) of the three.
（三）阅读理解
In modern society, people are becoming more and more concerned about
their health. There are different ways to maintain a healthy lifestyle, and each
person may choose the one that suits them best.
Tom is a 15 - year - old middle school student. He likes playing basketball
very much. He plays basketball with his classmates after school three times a
week. He believes that playing basketball not only helps him keep fit but also
improves his teamwork skills. He also eats a balanced diet. He always has a
glass of milk and an egg for breakfast. He eats plenty of fruits and vegetables
every day. He hardly ever eats junk food like hamburgers and chips.
On the other hand, Lily has a different way to stay healthy. She is very
interested in yoga. She goes to a yoga class twice a week. Yoga makes her
body more flexible and helps her relax. She also pays attention to her sleep.
She goes to bed before 10 o'clock every night and sleeps for about 8 hours.
She thinks a good sleep is very important for her health.
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Another student, Jack, likes running. He runs for half an hour every
morning. Running makes him energetic throughout the day. He also tries to
reduce his stress. He listens to music when he is tired, which helps him calm
down.
In conclusion, there are various ways to live a healthy life. Whether it's
through sports, a balanced diet, good sleep, or stress - reduction methods,
everyone can find their own path to health.
1. （ ）How often does Tom play basketball
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week.
2. （ ）What does Tom have for breakfast
A. A glass of juice and an egg. B. A glass of milk and an egg.
C. A hamburger and a glass of milk. D. An apple and a glass of juice.
3. （ ）How often does Lily go to the yoga class
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week. D. Every day.
4. （ ）What time does Lily go to bed
A. Before 9 o'clock. B. Before 10 o'clock.
C. After 10 o'clock. D. After 11 o'clock.
5. （ ）How long does Jack run every morning
A. For 15 minutes. B. For 20 minutes.
C. For 30 minutes. D. For 45 minutes.
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇

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