资源简介

Unit 5 We are going to work as packagers on the assembly
line.
（第三课时教学设计）
一、教材分析
1. 教学内容
本课时系教材《英语3（基础模块）》（高教版）第五单元的第三课时，包括 Activity 14 Read and answer & Grammar focus 两部分。 此部分主要包括直接引语和间接引语的关系及其 互换方法的语法内容。因为活动14 主要内容是让学生转述文中的话语，也就是直接引语和间 接引语，与课文的阅读与写作无太大关系，故放在此处作为语法课内容。
2. 教学重点、难点
(1) 教学重点
直接引语与间接引语的关系和区别。 直接引语与间接引语怎样互换。
(2) 教学难点
在具体语境中运用直接引语和间接引语。
二、教学目标
1. 知识目标
(1) 学生能够了解和掌握直接引语和间接引语的概念、关系和区别。
(2) 学生能够掌握在直接引语和间接引语之间的转换方法。
2. 能力目标
学生能根据掌握的有关直接引语和间接引语的知识，在具体语境中正确运用此语法。
3. 情感目标
通过语言的陈述和转述，加强学生之间的默契配合。
三、 教学步骤
Step I Lead-in
T: Last class, we learned the text about a social practice report of Beijing Vocational School. And in the text, we can find some words that said by Ss. Please find out these sentences quickly.
When Ss answer it, teacher shows the sentences on the screen.
“I find my communication skills have been greatly improved and I now realize social experience is important for us,”said Zhang Ming.
“These activities are very useful. I hope we can have more activities like this in the future.” Xu Liyan said.
T: What did Li Kai say at the end of the program
S: Li Kai said cooperation with Beijing Xinxing Vocational School was a big success. T also shows this sentence on the blackboard.
T: Suppose the report interviewed Zhang Ming, what would he say S: We’ve going to participate in a two-week social practice program.
T writes down the sentence on the blackboard. Then asks Ss to look at the blackboard and tell the same and the difference between these sentences.
T gives the names of these two kinds of sentence structures. “Direct Speech” and “Indirect Speech” .
（设计意图：活动14 的内容与阅读写作课的教学内容有点脱节，再者阅读写作这节课内 容较多，学生完成此项内容不符合课堂实际。因此运用此活动，把课文中间接引语和直 接引语表述的信息在此呈现，导出本单元语法——直接引语和间接引语，既让学生进一 步复习了课文内容，同时也自然导出语法知识，为下面的语法学习作铺垫。）
Step II Grammar — direct speech & indirect speech
1. Definition
According to the sentences on the blackboard, asks Ss to tell the definition of direct speech and indirect speech. If Ss can’t tell the definition completely, teacher can make up for it. Then shows it on the screen.
直接引语(direct speech) 直接引用当事人所说的语句，忠实于原文，不作任何改变，一般情况下我们用引号分 开。 间接引语(indirect speech) 间接引用当事人所说的语句，即用我们的角度来引用某人在那个时候所说的语句，其 时态、时间状语、人称均要根据我们的需要加以变换。
Then teacher asks Ss to give examples about these two kinds of speech. They can choose sentences from grammar focus or by their own..
2. Differences
Ask Ss to look at the sentences in the form of page 78 and tell the differences between direct speech and indirect speech. Then asks them to look at the sentences inactivity 17 to choose the same structure sentences. At last, asks Ss to tell the differences: direct speech has a quotation mark and the emotion of the speaker is different from the speaker in the indirect speech; indirect speech has no quotation mark, it reports what other said. (学生可
以用中文说出不同点即可。)
Use the competitive method to make more Ss attend this process.
（设计意图：从课文中的原句引申到本单元的语法，同时利用这些句子让学生来归纳直 接引语和间接引语的概念及不同点。学生虽然不能完整说出以上内容，但可以鼓动更多 的学生加以补充。 最后教师总结，呈现具体内容，从而增强学生的课堂参与性和学习的 乐趣。）
3. Detail use
T: OK, we have known something about direct speech and indirect speech. We know this grammar is important in our life. Next let’s watch a video carefully and write down the sentences that the neighbor, the driver, the salesman, the girl and I said.
Video: My grandma is poor in hearing. Yesterday she and I went to a supermarket
to buy something.
At the gate of home, a neighbour met us.
Neighbor: Where are you going
I: We’ll go to the supermarket to buy something.
Grandma: What did he say
I: He asked us where we were going. On the bus.
Driver: Please pay attention to your bags and things.
Grandma: What did she say
I: She told us to pay attention to our bags and things.
In the supermarket, we saw a girl is buying some milk.
Salesman: Do you like this kind of milk
Girl: Is it fresh When was it produced
Salesman: The time is marked on the box.
Girl: Oh, the milk will be out of date tomorrow.
Grandma: What did they say
I: The salesman asked the girl if she liked that kind of milk. The girl said the milk would be out of date the next day.
After watching the video, teacher asks Ss to write down the sentences and discuss in the
group.
Then asks Ss to tell the sentences and teacher writes down the sentences on the blackboard.
Neighbor: Where are you going I: He asked us where we were going. Driver: Please pay attention to your bags and things. I: She told us to pay attention to our bags and things. Salesman: Do you like this kind of milk Girl: Oh, the milk will be out of date tomorrow. I: The salesman asked the girl if she liked that kind of milk. The girl said the milk would be out of date the next day.
According to these four kinds of sentences, teacher can ask Ss to tell the differences of each kind of sentence. And then introduce the use of direct speech and indirect speech one by one.
△陈述句中：
(1) 时态变化
(2) 时间状语变化
now----then today----that day tonight----that night
this morning / week----that morning / week tomorrow----the next day yesterday----the day before last month----the month before
(3) 主语变化
主语和引语动作主语是同一个人的，要从我们引用的角度使用主语。 e.g.: “I read the newspaper,” said Mr Wu.
Mr Wu said that he had read the newspaper.
主语和引语动作不是同一个人，间接引语主语一般不变。
e.g.: “The thief is running away,” said Mrs Ma. Mrs Ma said that the thief was running away.
(4) 其他变化
here----there come----go this----that these----those
(5) practice
① I said to her, “I saw the movie yesterday.”
② Jack said to Mary, “I want to exchange some money.”
③ The doctor said to Alice, “You should rest for at least a month.”
④ “I will move to Moon Town this month,” said Mike.
△一般疑问句中
前面加if 或whether, 其一般疑问句语序改为陈述句，问号改句号。
e.g.: A waiter said to me, “Would you like to order now ”
— A waiter asked me if I would like to order then.
△特殊疑问句中
将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，问号改句号。
e.g: The guest asked the staff, “When does your program start ”
— The guest asked the staff when their program started. Practice: ① “Does he know the result ” I asked.
② “Was there any other workers in the factory last night ” the policeman asked.
③ “Where is your father ” asked the teacher.
△祈使句中
把祈使句转化为tell / order / ask somebody to do something的简单句型。 e.g.: “Fill in the form, please. ” the staff said to the customer.
— The staff asked the customer to fill in the form. “Be quiet, please. ” The teacher said to the students. — The teacher told the students to be quiet.
（设计意图： 通过录像演示，生动展现四种句型的直接引语和间接引语。让学生能够直 观的了解本语法，然后通过小组讨论，教师归纳，把课本中的有关句子结合在练习中， 一步步呈现四种句型的转变方法，让学生在思考中学习。）
Step III Practice
1. Complete the dialogue with say, tell, ask.
Teacher first asks Ss to tell the common verbs used in the speech. Then tell the differences. At last do the exercise by Ss together. If there are some difficult words that Ss can’t understand, teacher explains it.
(设计意图： say, tell, ask 三个词在间接引语中最常见，许多学生搞不清它们的区别。在 此特意提出来让学生进行练习，以明确它们的用法。)
2. Activity 20
T: Just now we saw a video, then “I” transfer what others said to her grandma. So next, let’s have a game. We will be divided into several groups. Each group has three persons. Please ask and answer as the model. When you finish a sentence, please turn the part.
Let Ss look at the example on page 80.
Then ask Ss to do it in three minutes. They should know the part is turning by one sentence.
(设计意图： 通过循环问答的方式训练学生口头转述能力，让学生可以真实体验这种语 法现象在生活中的运用。必须注意此游戏每次对话要转换角色，使得每个同学都可以得 到训练的机会。)
Step IV Homework
1. Finish the exercises on the exercise book about direct speech and indirect speech.
2. Do the exercises of vocabulary after class to review the vocabulary what we have learned in this unit.
（设计意图：课后练习册补充练习本堂课的语法知识，让学生加以巩固和消化所学课堂 知识。 课文词汇练习可以让学生复习本单元重点词汇，同时为下一节课的单元任务作准
备。）
四、板书设计
Direct speech & Indirect speech
Neighbor: “Where are you going ” say
I: He asked us where we were going. tell
Driver: “Please pay attention to your bags and things” . ask
I: She told us to pay attention to our bags and things. Salesman: “Do you like this kind of milk ”
Girl: “Oh, the milk will be out of date tomorrow.”
I: The salesman asked the girl if she liked that kind of milk. The girl said the milk would be out of date the next day.

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