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专题七　动词(短语动词)
一、动词词义辨析
　　考查在具体语言环境下对动词词义的辨析,解答此类题目时要知道不同的动词表达的具体含义,以及能辨析它们之间的差异,这就需要准确记忆动词词义,并在语境中学习动词。
二、短语动词
1.动词+介词
用作及物动词短语,介词后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。常见的此类短语动词有:
agree with同意……　begin with以……开始
come from来自…… knock at敲……
look at看……　 look after照看……
look for寻找…… look through浏览……
laugh at嘲笑…… wait for等……
think of想起…… think about考虑……
care about关心…… lead to导致……
hear of听说…… listen to听……
hear from收到……的来信
2.动词+副词
用作及物或不及物动词短语。做及物动词短语时,如果宾语是名词,可放在副词之后,或动词和副词之间;如果宾语是代词,必须放在动词与副词之间。常见的此类短语动词有:
eat up吃光　 give up放弃;停止
look up查阅 pick up拾起;捡起
put up建立;举起 ring up 给……打电话
cheer up振作 wake up醒来;唤醒
dress up乔装打扮 hurry up 赶快
send up发射 find out 查出
sell out卖完　 put on穿戴;上演 　
try on试穿 turn on 打开
take away拿走 put away放好
come in进来 get up 起床
stay up熬夜 run out用完
cut down砍倒 grow up成长
set up建起　 write down写下
3.动词+副词+介词
用作及物动词短语,宾语要置于介词之后。常见的此类短语动词有:
catch up with赶上……
do well in在……方面做得好
get on with与……相处
look forward to盼望……
come over to短暂造访……
pass on to把……传递给……
run out of用尽……
4.动词+名词+介词
用作及物动词短语,宾语要置于介词之后。常见的此类短语动词有:
take care of照料,照顾……
take part in参加……
take pride in以……为骄傲
make friends with与……交朋友
make fun of开……的玩笑
play tricks on捉弄……
pay attention to注意……
make use of利用……
5.动词+名词
用作不及物动词短语,其后不带宾语。常见的此类短语动词有:
take place发生　　lose heart失去信心
have fun 玩得开心 keep watch值班
3年淮安、江苏真题
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2024·淮安中考)—______ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy
—No problem.
A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Need
2.(2024·淮安中考)—I think your grandfather should ______smoking.
—I agree.Smoking is bad for his health.
A.put up B.give up C.pick up D.take up
3.(2022·淮安中考)Tim ______the pen on the floor and handed it to his classmate.
A.put up B.picked up　 C.looked up D.took up
4.(2024·常州中考)—Which school club should I choose
—It ______what skills you want to develop.
A.takes on B.carries on C.puts on D.depends on
5.(2024·扬州中考)Many think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really ______anything.
A.look for B.stand for C.pay for D.try for
6.(2023·镇江中考)The writer who wrote Learn From the Role Model Lei Feng didn’t ______the song would be enjoyed by many people for 60 years.
A.expect B.create C.accept D.change
7.(2023·南通中考)—Our English teacher is very confident. And he is always ready to ______a challenge.
—So he is. We all like him.
A.touch B.choose C.discuss D.accept
8.(2023·南京中考)Before visiting a foreign
country, you’d better ______what the local people usually do, so you won’t make mistakes.
A.check B.doubt C.plan D.show
9.(2023·徐州中考)If you put all your eggs in one basket, you ______losing everything all at one time.
A.risk B.enjoy C.avoid D.consider
10.(2023·连云港中考)This kind of SmartWatch ______Mr Li’s daily needs. He wears it all the time.
A.satisfies B.hides C.carries D.brings
11.(2023·无锡中考) —Let’s go and get something to eat. What do you ______
—How about fish and chips
A.suggest B.imagine C.suppose D.insist
12.(2023·泰州中考) Zhang Hua, our monitor, is organized and thoughtful enough to ______time well.
A.reduce B.manage C.control D.influence
13.(2023·南京中考)—Jack,I’m stressed because my parents are always comparing me with others.
—______, Millie.Talk to them and let them know how you feel.
A.Cheer up B.No way
C.My pleasure D.Well done
14.(2023·徐州中考)Amy: You can just drop me here.
Tom: But we are two blocks away from the office.
Amy: It’s fine. I had a big lunch, and feel like a bit of walk.
What does Amy want to do
A.Have lunch. B.Take a walk.
C.Call her office. D.Drive a car.
15.(2023·徐州中考) I loved the book so much that I could hardly ______.
A.put it up B.put it down
C.put it on D.put it out
16.(2023·宿迁中考)The energy from the sun and the wind costs little and will never ______.
A.turn out B.put out　　 C.cut out D.run out
17.(2023·泰州中考)Most neighbours ______the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us.
A.get into B.care about C.carry on D.give up
18.(2023·无锡中考)—Look at the boy on the right. What’s he doing
—He’s______.
A.doing some cleaning
B.washing the dishes
C.doing some shopping
D.washing the clothes
19.(2022·徐州中考) People usually ______in the kitchen.
A.sleep B.chat C.cook D.study
20.(2022·徐州中考) I have the habit of ______the unknown words in the dictionary or on the Internet.
A.looking up B.looking for
C.looking at D.looking after
21.(2022·泰州中考) Schools should ______students to form good working habits through labor(劳动)education.
A.force　 B.encourage
C.warn D.promise
22.(2022·泰州中考) The government is ______elevators(电梯)in the old buildings of some communities so that people, especially the elderly can go up and down easily.
A.putting away B.putting out
C.putting in D.putting through
23.(2022·无锡中考) —Does the colour red represent good things in Chinese culture
—Yes. But writing one’s name in red is not good, and we usually ______it.
A.avoid B.advise C.allow D.accept
24.(2022·扬州中考)In such cheerful conversation, the time ______all too quickly.
A.went up B.went down
C.went by D.went back
25.(2022·宿迁中考) Each of us in our group wants to make friends with Gary, because he is modest and never ______.
A.shows off B.takes off　　
C.puts off D.gives off
Ⅱ.从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空
miss, fill...with, handed out, cheer...up, cares about, connect with, turn out,
make a difference, lead to, repair
1.(2023·淮安中考)Group 1 handed out leaflets and reminded people to keep the park clean.
2.(2023·淮安中考)Group 2 tried to repair the broken things while Group 3 cleaned the benches carefully.
3.(2022·淮安中考)My English teacher is very kind and she cares about every student in our class.
4.(2024·连云港中考)Orange represents joy. It can cheer you up when you are feeling sad.
5.(2024·连云港中考)Vacations are a chance to fill your free time with meaningful activities.
6.(2024·连云港中考)The fast Wi-Fi on China’s space station helps astronauts connect with people on Earth easily.
7.(2024·连云港中考)Keeping exercise every day will make a difference to our health.
8.(2022·徐州中考) Let’s begin where we stopped yesterday so that we won’t miss any point.
9.(2022·徐州中考) “Barking dogs seldom bite.” It means that some things may seem dangerous, but they often turn out not to be dangerous.
10.(2022·连云港中考) Don’t always stay up late. An unhealthy lifestyle can lead to illnesses.
语法专题集训
单项选择
1.(2024·安徽中考)With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, Anhui has so much to ______tourists.
A.guard　 B.offer　　C.push　 D.cost
2.(2024·东营中考) Jenny,you have ______a lot, much thinner and more hard-working than before.
A.done B.changed
C.learned D.practiced
3.(2024·武汉中考)—Can you ______your new coach
—Hmm...I think he’s very intelligent and humorous.
A.believe B.describe
C.support D.follow
4.(2024·武汉中考)—What a team! They’re always pulling together.
—Exactly. No force can ______them.
A.separate B.push C.guard D.shape
5.(2024·天津中考) We ______the books to the library after we read them.
A.returned B.pointed
C.waved D.caught
6.(2024·天津中考) Email is one of the great ways to ______friends.
A.take pride in
B.keep clear of
C.get into the habit of
D.stay in touch with
7.(2024·安徽中考)There can be some trouble at the beginning, but things will ______well in the end.
A.break up B.give up
C.set out D.turn out
8.(2024·云南中考)The students worked in groups to ______the difficult problem in the math class.
A.work out B.turn down
C.cut off D.worry about
9.(2024·福建中考)—Xiao Hai won first prize in our school art festival.
—Wonderful! I am ______his next performance.
A.looking forward to B.paying attention to
C.getting used to D.taking care of
10.(2024·滨州中考)—Mum, would you like to help me clear out these old clothes
—Oh, they are still in good condition. Let’s ______to people in need.
A.give them away B.wash them away
C.throw them away D.keep them away
11.(2024·武汉中考)—Ben, help me ______the book from the shelf, will you It’s out of my reach.
—With pleasure.
A.take down B.throw away
C.look through D.hand out
12.(2023·东营中考) Scientists found that dogs may know human’s feelings by ______our breath and sweat (汗).
A.tasting B.smelling　
C.touching D.watching
13.(2023·武汉中考)—The hair product is being ______at present.
—You mean if it’s up to the standard, it will be put on the market soon.
A.used B.tested C.shown D.sold
14.(2023·鄂州中考)—How do you usually go to Wuhan from here
—By high-speed train. It ______me only 20 minutes to get there.
A.spends B.pays C.costs D.takes
15.(2023·天津中考)To keep healthy, Daming’s grandparents ______in a park every day.
A.exercise B.cough C.sleep D.wait
16.(2023·十堰中考)—The air in our city becomes fresher and fresher.
—I think so. To cut air pollution, many factories ______new energy cars.
A.produce B.throw C.cancel D.divide
17.(2023·营口中考)Because of pollution, this lake is now too harmful to ______fish.
A.suppose B.transport C.suggest D.support
18.(2023·本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛中考)—Will Mr Li come to the party
—Yes. He ______my invitation happily.
A.reached B.accepted　 C.achieved D.expressed
19.(2023·东营中考)Using public transportation is a good way to ______air pollution.
A.deal with B.check out
C.care about D.take down
20.(2023·孝感中考)—Look at the sign. What does it mean
—It means we should ______the rubbish ______the proper rubbish bins.
A.put; into B.throw; around
C.mix; into D.try; on
21.(2023·天津中考) Lisa is a popular monitor. She ______her classmates and teachers.
A.takes part in
B.gets on well with
C.gets into trouble with
D.keeps clear of
22.(2023·长春中考)My friend can always ______good ideas to solve his problems.
A.keep away from B.take care of
C.get on with D.come up with
23.(2023·抚顺中考)Ann is ______her notes for her English exam now.
A.paying for B.giving away
C.looking through D.putting up专题七　动词(短语动词)
一、动词词义辨析
　　考查在具体语言环境下对动词词义的辨析,解答此类题目时要知道不同的动词表达的具体含义,以及能辨析它们之间的差异,这就需要准确记忆动词词义,并在语境中学习动词。
二、短语动词
1.动词+介词
用作及物动词短语,介词后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。常见的此类短语动词有:
agree with同意……　begin with以……开始
come from来自…… knock at敲……
look at看……　 look after照看……
look for寻找…… look through浏览……
laugh at嘲笑…… wait for等……
think of想起…… think about考虑……
care about关心…… lead to导致……
hear of听说…… listen to听……
hear from收到……的来信
2.动词+副词
用作及物或不及物动词短语。做及物动词短语时,如果宾语是名词,可放在副词之后,或动词和副词之间;如果宾语是代词,必须放在动词与副词之间。常见的此类短语动词有:
eat up吃光　 give up放弃;停止
look up查阅 pick up拾起;捡起
put up建立;举起 ring up 给……打电话
cheer up振作 wake up醒来;唤醒
dress up乔装打扮 hurry up 赶快
send up发射 find out 查出
sell out卖完　 put on穿戴;上演 　
try on试穿 turn on 打开
take away拿走 put away放好
come in进来 get up 起床
stay up熬夜 run out用完
cut down砍倒 grow up成长
set up建起　 write down写下
3.动词+副词+介词
用作及物动词短语,宾语要置于介词之后。常见的此类短语动词有:
catch up with赶上……
do well in在……方面做得好
get on with与……相处
look forward to盼望……
come over to短暂造访……
pass on to把……传递给……
run out of用尽……
4.动词+名词+介词
用作及物动词短语,宾语要置于介词之后。常见的此类短语动词有:
take care of照料,照顾……
take part in参加……
take pride in以……为骄傲
make friends with与……交朋友
make fun of开……的玩笑
play tricks on捉弄……
pay attention to注意……
make use of利用……
5.动词+名词
用作不及物动词短语,其后不带宾语。常见的此类短语动词有:
take place发生　　lose heart失去信心
have fun 玩得开心 keep watch值班
3年淮安、江苏真题
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2024·淮安中考)—______ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy
—No problem.
A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Need
2.(2024·淮安中考)—I think your grandfather should ______smoking.
—I agree.Smoking is bad for his health.
A.put up B.give up C.pick up D.take up
3.(2022·淮安中考)Tim ______the pen on the floor and handed it to his classmate.
A.put up B.picked up　 C.looked up D.took up
4.(2024·常州中考)—Which school club should I choose
—It ______what skills you want to develop.
A.takes on B.carries on C.puts on D.depends on
5.(2024·扬州中考)Many think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really ______anything.
A.look for B.stand for C.pay for D.try for
6.(2023·镇江中考)The writer who wrote Learn From the Role Model Lei Feng didn’t ______the song would be enjoyed by many people for 60 years.
A.expect B.create C.accept D.change
7.(2023·南通中考)—Our English teacher is very confident. And he is always ready to ______a challenge.
—So he is. We all like him.
A.touch B.choose C.discuss D.accept
8.(2023·南京中考)Before visiting a foreign
country, you’d better ______what the local people usually do, so you won’t make mistakes.
A.check B.doubt C.plan D.show
9.(2023·徐州中考)If you put all your eggs in one basket, you ______losing everything all at one time.
A.risk B.enjoy C.avoid D.consider
10.(2023·连云港中考)This kind of SmartWatch ______Mr Li’s daily needs. He wears it all the time.
A.satisfies B.hides C.carries D.brings
11.(2023·无锡中考) —Let’s go and get something to eat. What do you ______
—How about fish and chips
A.suggest B.imagine C.suppose D.insist
12.(2023·泰州中考) Zhang Hua, our monitor, is organized and thoughtful enough to ______time well.
A.reduce B.manage C.control D.influence
13.(2023·南京中考)—Jack,I’m stressed because my parents are always comparing me with others.
—______, Millie.Talk to them and let them know how you feel.
A.Cheer up B.No way
C.My pleasure D.Well done
14.(2023·徐州中考)Amy: You can just drop me here.
Tom: But we are two blocks away from the office.
Amy: It’s fine. I had a big lunch, and feel like a bit of walk.
What does Amy want to do
A.Have lunch. B.Take a walk.
C.Call her office. D.Drive a car.
15.(2023·徐州中考) I loved the book so much that I could hardly ______.
A.put it up B.put it down
C.put it on D.put it out
16.(2023·宿迁中考)The energy from the sun and the wind costs little and will never ______.
A.turn out B.put out　　 C.cut out D.run out
17.(2023·泰州中考)Most neighbours ______the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us.
A.get into B.care about C.carry on D.give up
18.(2023·无锡中考)—Look at the boy on the right. What’s he doing
—He’s______.
A.doing some cleaning
B.washing the dishes
C.doing some shopping
D.washing the clothes
19.(2022·徐州中考) People usually ______in the kitchen.
A.sleep B.chat C.cook D.study
20.(2022·徐州中考) I have the habit of ______the unknown words in the dictionary or on the Internet.
A.looking up B.looking for
C.looking at D.looking after
21.(2022·泰州中考) Schools should ______students to form good working habits through labor(劳动)education.
A.force　 B.encourage
C.warn D.promise
22.(2022·泰州中考) The government is ______elevators(电梯)in the old buildings of some communities so that people, especially the elderly can go up and down easily.
A.putting away B.putting out
C.putting in D.putting through
23.(2022·无锡中考) —Does the colour red represent good things in Chinese culture
—Yes. But writing one’s name in red is not good, and we usually ______it.
A.avoid B.advise C.allow D.accept
24.(2022·扬州中考)In such cheerful conversation, the time ______all too quickly.
A.went up B.went down
C.went by D.went back
25.(2022·宿迁中考) Each of us in our group wants to make friends with Gary, because he is modest and never ______.
A.shows off B.takes off　　
C.puts off D.gives off
Ⅱ.从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空
miss, fill...with, handed out, cheer...up, cares about, connect with, turn out,
make a difference, lead to, repair
1.(2023·淮安中考)Group 1 leaflets and reminded people to keep the park clean.
2.(2023·淮安中考)Group 2 tried to the broken things while Group 3 cleaned the benches carefully.
3.(2022·淮安中考)My English teacher is very kind and she every student in our class.
4.(2024·连云港中考)Orange represents joy. It can you when you are feeling sad.
5.(2024·连云港中考)Vacations are a chance to your free time meaningful activities.
6.(2024·连云港中考)The fast Wi-Fi on China’s space station helps astronauts people on Earth easily.
7.(2024·连云港中考)Keeping exercise every day will to our health.
8.(2022·徐州中考) Let’s begin where we stopped yesterday so that we won’t any point.
9.(2022·徐州中考) “Barking dogs seldom bite.” It means that some things may seem dangerous, but they often not to be dangerous.
10.(2022·连云港中考) Don’t always stay up late. An unhealthy lifestyle can illnesses.
语法专题集训
单项选择
1.(2024·安徽中考)With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, Anhui has so much to ______tourists.
A.guard　 B.offer　　C.push　 D.cost
2.(2024·东营中考) Jenny,you have ______a lot, much thinner and more hard-working than before.
A.done B.changed
C.learned D.practiced
3.(2024·武汉中考)—Can you ______your new coach
—Hmm...I think he’s very intelligent and humorous.
A.believe B.describe
C.support D.follow
4.(2024·武汉中考)—What a team! They’re always pulling together.
—Exactly. No force can ______them.
A.separate B.push C.guard D.shape
5.(2024·天津中考) We ______the books to the library after we read them.
A.returned B.pointed
C.waved D.caught
6.(2024·天津中考) Email is one of the great ways to ______friends.
A.take pride in
B.keep clear of
C.get into the habit of
D.stay in touch with
7.(2024·安徽中考)There can be some trouble at the beginning, but things will ______well in the end.
A.break up B.give up
C.set out D.turn out
8.(2024·云南中考)The students worked in groups to ______the difficult problem in the math class.
A.work out B.turn down
C.cut off D.worry about
9.(2024·福建中考)—Xiao Hai won first prize in our school art festival.
—Wonderful! I am ______his next performance.
A.looking forward to B.paying attention to
C.getting used to D.taking care of
10.(2024·滨州中考)—Mum, would you like to help me clear out these old clothes
—Oh, they are still in good condition. Let’s ______to people in need.
A.give them away B.wash them away
C.throw them away D.keep them away
11.(2024·武汉中考)—Ben, help me ______the book from the shelf, will you It’s out of my reach.
—With pleasure.
A.take down B.throw away
C.look through D.hand out
12.(2023·东营中考) Scientists found that dogs may know human’s feelings by ______our breath and sweat (汗).
A.tasting B.smelling　
C.touching D.watching
13.(2023·武汉中考)—The hair product is being ______at present.
—You mean if it’s up to the standard, it will be put on the market soon.
A.used B.tested C.shown D.sold
14.(2023·鄂州中考)—How do you usually go to Wuhan from here
—By high-speed train. It ______me only 20 minutes to get there.
A.spends B.pays C.costs D.takes
15.(2023·天津中考)To keep healthy, Daming’s grandparents ______in a park every day.
A.exercise B.cough C.sleep D.wait
16.(2023·十堰中考)—The air in our city becomes fresher and fresher.
—I think so. To cut air pollution, many factories ______new energy cars.
A.produce B.throw C.cancel D.divide
17.(2023·营口中考)Because of pollution, this lake is now too harmful to ______fish.
A.suppose B.transport C.suggest D.support
18.(2023·本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛中考)—Will Mr Li come to the party
—Yes. He ______my invitation happily.
A.reached B.accepted　 C.achieved D.expressed
19.(2023·东营中考)Using public transportation is a good way to ______air pollution.
A.deal with B.check out
C.care about D.take down
20.(2023·孝感中考)—Look at the sign. What does it mean
—It means we should ______the rubbish ______the proper rubbish bins.
A.put; into B.throw; around
C.mix; into D.try; on
21.(2023·天津中考) Lisa is a popular monitor. She ______her classmates and teachers.
A.takes part in
B.gets on well with
C.gets into trouble with
D.keeps clear of
22.(2023·长春中考)My friend can always ______good ideas to solve his problems.
A.keep away from B.take care of
C.get on with D.come up with
23.(2023·抚顺中考)Ann is ______her notes for her English exam now.
A.paying for B.giving away
C.looking through D.putting up

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