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8B Unit5 短文首字母填空精准练
01
（2025八年级下·全国·专题练习）“Sorry” is a word that people in Britain often say in daily life.
One day while I was w 1 in the street, a young man ran by hurriedly, brushing (轻擦) against my handbag. He continued his way, but turned b 2 and said “sorry” to me. Even in a rush, he didn’t f 3 to say “sorry”. One day, after I bought some bananas, the shopkeeper was passing me the change, but I wasn’t ready for it and a coin d 4 onto the ground. “Sorry, madam,” he said while bending to pick it up. I was s 5 why he said “sorry” to me. Another time, I stepped (踩) on a man’s f 6 at the entrance to a cinema. We b 7 said “sorry” at the same time. Slowly, I got to know that when something unpleasant happens in daily life, the British don’t c 8 much about who is wrong. If someone is in t 9 , a “sorry” is always necessary. Perhaps that is w 10 I seldom see people quarrel in public places in Britain.
02
（2025八年级下·全国·专题练习）Everybody knows it is important to be a well-mannered person. It is wrong to t 1 litter everywhere in public places. Everyone should obey this r 2 . Speaking l 3 in the library is rude. Remember not to do anything that could make other people u 4 . We should stand in l 5 when we are waiting for the bus. Try hard to give u 6 the bad habits and form good ones. We should s 7 respect（尊重） to the old people and talk to them p 8 . It is especially important that we should give up our seat on the bus to the old people or women w 9 babies. I think helping others can not only make others happy but also help ourselves get more happiness in life. We should remember it is always p 10 to be kind and helpful to others.
03
（24-25八年级上·全国·单元测试）Dear Helen，
Thanks for your message. I’d like to tell you something about the Chinese customs.
Chinese people are f 1 and they like giving others gifts. Of course, people in Western countries also give others gifts. However, there are some d 2 . For example, when you give a present to a Chinese, he or she won’t open it at once. He or she will open it l 3 because as a Chinese t 4 , opening a gift later is p 5 . But in Western countries, people open a gift i 6 , and they will say something good about the gift. What’s m 7 , when a 8 a gift, Chinese people use both hands, but Westerners don’t pay much a 9 to that. There is also something interesting about the Spring Festival in China. People can’t break anything on the first day of the Spring Festival because it means bad l 10 , and they don’t have their hair cut during the Spring Festival month!
Is it interesting
Yours，
Han Meimei
04
（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
The UK is a country with good manners. How can you behave properly as a stranger in the UK Here is some u 1 information for you.
British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the f 2 time. They only greet relatives or c 3 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with s 4 like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid t 5 about age, weight or money.
In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting or laughing l 6 . If you’re in their way, they’ll say “e 7 me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. British people are p 8 at home too. They say “please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m all right, thank you” when they want to r 9 something.
Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a s 10 place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture.
05
（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese c 1 and customs (习俗) is important for you to behave in a good way.
It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be i 2 into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 3 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming (好客). When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure that you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 4 special you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 5 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks, c 6 the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, full of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody e 7 is doing and try to do the same. You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the w 8 dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has prepared enough food.
For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious (好奇的). Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 9 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, just explain to them.
Enjoy y 10 in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a guest in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.
06
（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）Are you going to have dinner at your Western friend’s home Then be c 1 with your table manners. Good manners will m 2 you a nice guest（客人）.
You may find Western table manners are d 3 from Chinese table manners. Here is some good a 4 for you.
When you are r 5 to eat, sit up straight on the chair. Usually, don’t put your elbows（胳膊肘）on the table. First p 6 your napkin（餐巾） up and put it on your lap. You can use it to clean your hands or mouth, but not your face. When you finish eating, put it b 7 on the table.
Don’t make any noise when you eat or drink the soup. It’s not good to speak when your mouth is f 8 .If you do that, people will see the food in your mouth.
If you want to get some food but you can’t r 9 it, ask others to pass the dish to you. Put bones on the edge of the plate. And remember, take bread with your h 10 , not with a fork.
07
（21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i 1 for you to behave in a good way.
It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be invited into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 2 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 3 you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 4 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f 5 of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s 6 . You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p 7 enough food.
For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）. Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 8 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j 9 explain to them.
Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a g 10 in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.
08
（24-25八年级上·天津·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
When you come to visit China, it’s important to know what you must and must not do in China.
When you meet people in China, you must s 1 hands with them. Remember not to kiss them. In China, people never kiss.
When you visit a Chinese family, a g 2 is necessary. In China, it is always a surprise to receive a gift. They accept a gift with b 3 hands. But in the West, people don’t usually pay much a 4 to that. What’s more, in China, people can’t open the gift immediately, b 5 in the West, you need wait. And it’s polite for you to g 6 into a Chinese house with your shoes off.
You also need to know o 7 Chinese traditions. For example, they usually eat dumplings on the Spring Festival Eve. On the f 8 day of the Spring Festival, they mustn’t do any cleaning. And they mustn’t break anything. It means bad l 9 ! They must use red paper for hongbao. It also means good luck.
Pay attention to t 10 rules. They drive on the right-hand side of the road. Be careful when you walk on the road!
The Chinese way of life is different from the Westerners’. I hope the above can help you have a great time in China.
09
（22-23八年级下·全国·单元测试）Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u 1 each other Here is a simple test. Imagine (设想) you will hold a m 2 at four o’clock, w 3 should you expect your foreign business friends to come If they are Germans, they will a 4 on time. If they are Americans, they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late.
The British seemed to have thought since the English l 5 was widely used in the world, what they did was certain to be widely understood. Very soon they f 6 they were completely (完全地) wrong. For e 7 , the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal, but the Japanese prefer not to talk about work while e 8 . Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know e 9 other, and they don’t drink at lunch. The Germans like to talk about business b 10 dinner, and the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed before they discuss anything.
10
（21-22八年级下·天津西青·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
Hello, everyone! I’m glad to tell you s 1 about my life as an exchange student（交换生）in Russia last year.
I stayed with a home stay family i 2 a small town. The families were very friendly. They planned a lot of activities for me in my free time so t 3 I wouldn’t miss home.
H 4 , life in Russia was not easy for m 5 . My main problem was the language. It was hard for me to understand much in the first few weeks b 6 everyone spoke so fast. Another p 7 was the food. My home stay family always had bread and potatoes, but I missed Chinese food a lot, e 8 jiaozi.
Anyway, it was an exciting and valuable year for me, I understood more about Russian culture. My Russian friends asked me plenty of questions about life in China. And this made me think about my own c 9 as well. Now I am back in China, but I still r 10 the life in Russia.
答案与解析
01
（2025八年级下·全国·专题练习）“Sorry” is a word that people in Britain often say in daily life.
One day while I was w 1 in the street, a young man ran by hurriedly, brushing (轻擦) against my handbag. He continued his way, but turned b 2 and said “sorry” to me. Even in a rush, he didn’t f 3 to say “sorry”. One day, after I bought some bananas, the shopkeeper was passing me the change, but I wasn’t ready for it and a coin d 4 onto the ground. “Sorry, madam,” he said while bending to pick it up. I was s 5 why he said “sorry” to me. Another time, I stepped (踩) on a man’s f 6 at the entrance to a cinema. We b 7 said “sorry” at the same time. Slowly, I got to know that when something unpleasant happens in daily life, the British don’t c 8 much about who is wrong. If someone is in t 9 , a “sorry” is always necessary. Perhaps that is w 10 I seldom see people quarrel in public places in Britain.
【答案】
1．(w)alking 2．(b)ack 3．(f)orget/(f)ail 4．(d)ropped 5．(s)urprised 6．(f)oot/(f)eet 7．(b)oth 8．(c)are 9．(t)rouble 10．(w)hy
【导语】本文通过几个日常场景描述了英国人在生活中频繁使用“sorry”的礼貌习惯，体现了他们注重礼节的文化特点。
1．句意：一天当我在街上走路时，一个年轻人匆忙跑过，轻擦过我的手袋。根据首字母“w”及“in the street”可知是描述作者当时的状态，was后接现在分词构成过去进行时。walking“走路”符合语境，故填(w)alking。
2．句意：他继续赶路，但回头对我说“sorry”。根据首字母“b”及“turned”可知是“转身”动作，back“往回”与turned搭配表示转身，故填(b)ack。
3．句意：即使匆忙，他也没有忘记说“sorry”。根据首字母“f”及否定语境，fail to do“未能做某事”符合句意，forget“忘记”也符合，助动词后接动词原形。故填(f)ail/(f)orget。
4．句意：我没准备好接零钱，一枚硬币掉到地上。根据首字母“d”及“onto the ground”可知是“掉落”，dropped“掉落”符合，时态是一般过去时，故填(d)ropped。
5．句意：我很吃惊他为何对我说“sorry”。根据首字母“s”及“why”可知是感到困惑，surprised“惊讶”符合逻辑，故填(s)urprised。
6．句意：另一次，我在电影院入口踩到一个男人的脚。根据中文提示“踩”及首字母“f”，foot“脚”是合理对象，也可以用复数形式，故填(f)oot/(f)eet。
7．句意：我们同时说“sorry”。根据首字母“b”及“at the same time”可知是“都”做了某事，both“两者都”符合，故填(b)oth。
8．句意：英国人不太在意谁对谁错。根据首字母“c”及“about who is wrong”可知是“在意”，care“在乎”搭配don’t表示不在意，故填(c)are。
9．句意：如果有人处于麻烦中，“sorry”总是必要的。根据首字母“t”及“a ‘sorry’ is necessary”可知是“困境”，trouble“麻烦”是固定搭配，故填(t)rouble。
10．句意：也许这就是为什么我在英国很少看到人们公开争吵。根据首字母“w”及“I seldom see…”可知是解释原因，why“为什么”引导表语从句，故填(w)hy。
02
（2025八年级下·全国·专题练习）Everybody knows it is important to be a well-mannered person. It is wrong to t 1 litter everywhere in public places. Everyone should obey this r 2 . Speaking l 3 in the library is rude. Remember not to do anything that could make other people u 4 . We should stand in l 5 when we are waiting for the bus. Try hard to give u 6 the bad habits and form good ones. We should s 7 respect（尊重） to the old people and talk to them p 8 . It is especially important that we should give up our seat on the bus to the old people or women w 9 babies. I think helping others can not only make others happy but also help ourselves get more happiness in life. We should remember it is always p 10 to be kind and helpful to others.
【答案】
1．(t)hrow 2．(r)ule 3．(l)oudly 4．(u)ncomfortable 5．(l)ine 6．(u)p 7．(s)how 8．(p)olitely 9．(w)ith 10．(p)roper
【导语】本文主要讲了如何成为一个有礼貌的人。
1．句意：在公共场合到处乱扔垃圾是错误的。to后跟动词原形，根据空后的litter，结合首字母，判断空格处词义为“扔”。故填(t)hrow。
2．句意：每个人应该遵守这个规则。根据“obey”以及首字母提示可知，应为遵守规则，又根据空前的“this”可知，此处为规则的单数形式。故填(r)ule。
3．句意：在图书馆大声说话是粗鲁的。结合首字母，以及“Speaking”为实义动词，用副词修饰可知，空格处为大声地。故填(l)oudly。
4．句意：记住不要做可能让别人不舒服的事。根据“Remember not to do anything that could make other people”以及首字母提示可知，此处为让别人不舒服。故填(u)ncomfortable。
5．句意：当我们正等公交车的时候我们应该排队。根据“stand in”以及“when we are waiting for the bus.”和首字母提示可知，stand in line意为“排队”。故填(l)ine。
6．句意：尽力摒弃坏的习惯并形成好的。根据“the bad habits”以及空格前的“give”可知，应为摒弃坏的习惯，give up“摒弃”。故填(u)p。
7．句意：我们应该尊重老人并且和他们礼貌地说话。should为情态动词，后跟动词原形，show respect意为“尊重”。故填(s)how。
8．句意：我们应该尊重老人并且和他们礼貌地说话。talk为实义动词，用副词修饰；结合首字母可知应为礼貌地说话。故填(p)olitely。
9．句意：在公交车上我们应该给老人或者带小孩的妇女让座是非常重要的。结合首字母，判断空格处词义为“带”，用介词表示伴随。故填(w)ith。
10．句意：我们应该记住对别人友好并且有帮助的总是对的。根据“to be kind and helpful to others”以及首字母提示可知，此处填proper。故填(p)roper。
03
（24-25八年级上·全国·单元测试）Dear Helen，
Thanks for your message. I’d like to tell you something about the Chinese customs.
Chinese people are f 1 and they like giving others gifts. Of course, people in Western countries also give others gifts. However, there are some d 2 . For example, when you give a present to a Chinese, he or she won’t open it at once. He or she will open it l 3 because as a Chinese t 4 , opening a gift later is p 5 . But in Western countries, people open a gift i 6 , and they will say something good about the gift. What’s m 7 , when a 8 a gift, Chinese people use both hands, but Westerners don’t pay much a 9 to that. There is also something interesting about the Spring Festival in China. People can’t break anything on the first day of the Spring Festival because it means bad l 10 , and they don’t have their hair cut during the Spring Festival month!
Is it interesting
Yours，
Han Meimei
【答案】
1．(f)riendly 2．(d)ifferences 3．(l)ater 4．(t)radition 5．(p)olite 6．(i)mmediately 7．(m)ore 8．(a)ccepting 9．(a)ttention 10．(l)uck
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国习俗很有趣，送礼忌讳当面拆，春节禁忌破损和理发。
1．句意：中国人很友好，他们喜欢给别人礼物。根据“they like giving others gifts”可知，中国人喜欢送礼物，结合首字母可推出此处指“友好的”；“are”后填形容词作表语，friendly“友好的”符合句意，故填(f)riendly。
2．句意：然而，也有一些不同之处。根据“Of course, people in Western countries also give others gifts. However,”及下文可知，此处介绍不同之处，difference“不同”；根据“there are some”可知，此处填名词复数，differences“不同点”符合句意，故填(d)ifferences。
3．句意：他或她会稍后打开它，因为作为中国的传统，稍后打开礼物是礼貌的。根据下文“opening a gift later”可知，此处填later“之后”。故填(l)ater。
4．句意：他或她会稍后打开它，因为作为中国的传统，稍后打开礼物是礼貌的。根据“a Chinese…”可知，此处填名词；根据“opening a gift later”可知，稍后打开礼物属于中国传统，tradition“传统”符合句意。故填(t)radition。
5．句意：他或她会稍后打开它，因为作为中国的传统，稍后打开礼物是礼貌的。根据“is”可知，此空填形容词作表语；根据“opening a gift later is”及首字母可知，稍后打开礼物是有礼貌的，polite“礼貌的”符合句意。故填(p)olite。
6．句意：但在西方国家，人们会立即打开礼物，并称赞礼物。此空填副词修饰动词；根据上文“opening a gift later”可知，此空与“稍后打开”意思相反，immediately“立刻”符合句意。故填(i)mmediately。
7．句意：更重要的是，当接受礼物时，中国人用双手，但西方人不太注意这一点。根据“when ... a gift, Chinese people use both hands”可知，此处表示递进，what’s more“更重要的是”符合句意。故填(m)ore。
8．句意：更重要的是，当接受礼物时，中国人用双手，但西方人不太注意这一点。根据“a gift, Chinese people use both hands”可知，此处指“用双手接受礼物”，accept“接受”符合句意；根据“when”可知，考查when doing sth.“当做某事的时候”，故填(a)ccepting。
9．句意：更重要的是，当接受礼物时，中国人用双手，但西方人不太注意这一点。根据“pay much ... to that”可知，考查pay attention to“关注”，故填(a)ttention。
10．句意：人们不能在春节的第一天打破任何东西，因为这意味着坏运气，而且他们在春节期间不剪头发！根据“means bad”可知，此空填名词；根据“People can’t break anything on the first day of the Spring Festival”可知，此处指“打破东西会带来坏运气”，bad luck“坏运”符合句意。故填(l)uck。
04
（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
The UK is a country with good manners. How can you behave properly as a stranger in the UK Here is some u 1 information for you.
British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the f 2 time. They only greet relatives or c 3 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with s 4 like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid t 5 about age, weight or money.
In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting or laughing l 6 . If you’re in their way, they’ll say “e 7 me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. British people are p 8 at home too. They say “please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m all right, thank you” when they want to r 9 something.
Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a s 10 place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture.
【答案】
1．(u)seful 2．(f)irst 3．(c)lose 4．(s)ubjects/(s)omething 5．(t)alking 6．(l)oudly/(l)oud 7．(e)xcuse 8．(p)olite 9．(r)efuse 10．(s)trange
【导语】本文介绍了在英国作为陌生人如何表现得体，包括初次见面的问候方式、交谈话题的选择、公共场合的礼仪以及家庭中的礼貌用语，并强调了尊重当地文化的重要性。
1．句意：这里有一些对你有用的信息。根据下文介绍的内容和首字母u可知，本文提供的是有用的信息，形容词useful“有用的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词information。故填(u)seful。
2．句意：英国人第一次见到你时通常会说“你好”或“见到你很高兴”，并和你握手。根据“say ‘hello’ or ‘nice to meet you’”和首字母f可知，说“你好”或“见到你很高兴”应是第一次见面时，first“首次的”符合语境。故填(f)irst。
3．句意：他们只与亲戚或亲密的朋友亲吻。根据“...friends with a kiss.”和首字母c可知，会用亲吻的方式去打招呼的应是亲密的朋友，形容词close“亲密的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词friend。故填(c)lose。
4．句意：他们喜欢用天气、假期、音乐或书籍之类的话题来开始谈话。根据“like the weather, holidays, music or books.”和首字母s可知，天气、假期、音乐或书籍都是谈话的话题，可数名词subject“话题”符合语境，此处应用复数形式；此句为肯定句，也可用不定代词something。故填(s)ubjects/(s)omething。
5．句意：他们避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱。根据“They avoid...about age, weight or money.”和首字母t可知，出于礼貌，避免谈论年龄，体重，金钱等个人隐私，talk about“谈论”，avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。故填(t)alking。
6．句意：在公共场合，英国人总是压低声音，而不是大声喊叫或大笑。根据“instead of”可知，此处和“keep their voice down”相反，应指“笑得很大声”，应用副词loudly/loud“高声地”，修饰动词laugh。故填(l)oudly/(l)oud。
7．句意：如果你挡了他们的路，他们会说“对不起”，然后礼貌地等你走开。根据“If you’re in their way”可知，想让别人让路，应说“对不起”，excuse me“对不起”。故填(e)xcuse。
8．句意：英国人在家里也很有礼貌。根据下文“They say ‘please’ or ‘thank you’ all the time.”可知，他们在家也总说“请”或“谢谢”，由此可知他们在家也很有礼貌，形容词polite“有礼貌的”符合语境，在句中作表语。故填(p)olite。
9．句意：当他们想拒绝某事时，他们通常会说“我很好，谢谢你”，而不是说“不”。根据“saying ‘no’”可知，说“不”就是在拒绝，动词refuse“拒绝”符合语境，want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填(r)efuse。
10．句意：当我们在一个陌生的地方，我们应该努力了解和尊重当地的文化。根据“When we are in a...place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture.”和首字母s可推测，此处指在陌生的地方也要理解和尊重当地的文化，形容词strange“陌生的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词place。故填(s)trange。
05
（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese c 1 and customs (习俗) is important for you to behave in a good way.
It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be i 2 into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 3 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming (好客). When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure that you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 4 special you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 5 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks, c 6 the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, full of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody e 7 is doing and try to do the same. You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the w 8 dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has prepared enough food.
For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious (好奇的). Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 9 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, just explain to them.
Enjoy y 10 in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a guest in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.
【答案】
1．(c)ulture 2．(i)nvited 3．(e)xperience 4．(s)omething 5．(r)eceive 6．(c)omes 7．(e)lse 8．(w)hole 9．(f)irst 10．(y)ourself
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的文化和习俗，以及作为外国人在中国旅行时需要注意的事项。
1．句意：在中国旅行时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据前句“China is an old country with a rich culture.”可知，了解中国的文化很重要，名词culture“文化”符合语境。故填(c)ulture。
2．句意： 外国人被邀请到中国家庭做客正变得越来越流行。根据后句“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home”可知，此处是指外国人被邀请到中国人家里做客。应用被动语态，其结构为be done，动词invite“邀请”的过去分词是invited。故填(i)nvited。
3．句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的经历。根据“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm...”并结合单词首字母提示可知，此处表示被邀请到中国人家里做客是一次美妙的经历。名词experience意为“经历”，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填(e)xperience。
4．句意：别忘了对家里你喜欢的某个特别的东西说几句好话。根据“say good words about...special you like in the house”并结合单词首字母提示可知，此处指喜欢的某个特别的东西。空格处应用不定代词something，something special意为“特别的东西”。故填(s)omething。
5．句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据“fruit or tea in a nice box or basket”可知，此处在介绍中国人喜欢收到的礼物。动词receive意为“收到”，结合短语like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”可知，空格处应用动词原形。故填(r)eceive。
6．句意：闲聊后，晚餐就来了。根据“After some small talks”和常识可知，闲聊过后就是吃饭了。此处是一个倒装句，表示“晚餐来了”，动词come意为“来”，主语the dinner是单数，时态为一般现在时，所以come要变成第三人称单数形式comes。故填(c)omes。
7．句意：当被邀请过来吃饭时，一定要注意到其他每一个人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据“try to do the same”可知，此处表示要去观察其他人在做什么。everybody else意为“其他每一个人”。故填(e)lse。
8．句意：不要吃光整盘菜，而要在盘子里留少量食物。根据“leave a small amount of food on the plates”可知，此处表示不要吃光整盘菜。whole意为“全部的，整个的”。故填(w)hole。
9．句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。for the first time意为“第一次”。故填(f)irst。
10．句意：尽情享受当地中国人热情好客的世界。enjoy oneself意为“尽情享受”，该句是祈使句，隐含主语是第二人称you，结合后句“As a guest in China”可知，you在此处表示“你”，所以空格处应填反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填(y)ourself。
06
（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）Are you going to have dinner at your Western friend’s home Then be c 1 with your table manners. Good manners will m 2 you a nice guest（客人）.
You may find Western table manners are d 3 from Chinese table manners. Here is some good a 4 for you.
When you are r 5 to eat, sit up straight on the chair. Usually, don’t put your elbows（胳膊肘）on the table. First p 6 your napkin（餐巾） up and put it on your lap. You can use it to clean your hands or mouth, but not your face. When you finish eating, put it b 7 on the table.
Don’t make any noise when you eat or drink the soup. It’s not good to speak when your mouth is f 8 .If you do that, people will see the food in your mouth.
If you want to get some food but you can’t r 9 it, ask others to pass the dish to you. Put bones on the edge of the plate. And remember, take bread with your h 10 , not with a fork.
【答案】
1．(c)areful 2．(m)ake 3．(d)ifferent 4．(a)dvice 5．(r)eady 6．(p)ick 7．(b)ack 8．(f)ull 9．(r)each 10．(h)and/(h)ands
【导语】本文介绍了西方的餐桌礼仪。
1．句意：那么注意你的餐桌礼仪。根据“Are you going to have dinner at your Western friend’s home ”及首字母提示可知，此处应是说注意餐桌礼仪，be careful with“小心，注意”，固定短语，故填(c)areful。
2．句意：礼貌会使你成为一位好客人。根据“Good manners will ...you a nice guest”及首字母提示可知，应是好的礼仪会使自己成为好的客人，make“使得”，will后跟动词原形，故填(m)ake。
3．句意：你可能会发现西方的餐桌礼仪与中国的不同。根据“ are d... from”及首字母和语境可知，此处是指中、西方餐桌礼仪的不同，be different from“与……不同”，固定短语，故填(d)ifferent。
4．句意：这里是给你的一些好建议。根据“Here is some good ...”及下文的建议可知，此处指advice“建议”，不可数名词，故填(a)dvice，
5．句意：当你准备吃饭时，在椅子上坐直。根据“you are ... to eat”及首字母可知，此处是be ready to do sth“准备做某事”，固定短语，故填(r)eady。
6．句意：首先拿起你的餐巾，把它放在你的腿上。根据“your napkin（餐巾） up and put it on your lap”及首字母可知，把餐巾放在腿上前应是先拿起来，pick up“捡起，拿起”，此处是祈使句，所以用动词原形开头，故填(p)ick。
7．句意：吃完后，把它放回桌子上。上文讲述了使用餐巾，根据“When you finish eating”及语境可知，吃完后，应是把餐巾放回到桌子上，put sth back“把某物放回原处”，固定短语，故填(b)ack。
8．句意：嘴里塞满东西时说话不好。根据上文“If you do that, people will see the food in your mouth.”及首字母可知，人们会看到你嘴里的食物，说明嘴里是塞满食物的，is后跟形容词作表语，full“满的”符合语境，故填(f)ull。
9．句意：如果你想要一些食物，但你够不着，让别人把盘子递给你。根据“ask others to pass the dish to you”及首字母可知，应是够不着，所以请别人帮忙，reach“能够到”，can’t后跟动词原形，故填(r)each。
10．句意：记住，用手拿面包，不要用叉子。根据“take bread with your ... , not with a fork”及首字母可知，拿面包应是用手，hand“手”，此处用单数和复数均可，故填hand(s).
07
（21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i 1 for you to behave in a good way.
It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be invited into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 2 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 3 you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 4 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f 5 of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s 6 . You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p 7 enough food.
For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）. Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 8 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j 9 explain to them.
Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a g 10 in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.
【答案】
1．(i)mportant 2．(e)xperience 3．(s)omething 4．(r)eceive 5．(f)ull 6．(s)ame 7．(p)repared 8．(f)irst 9．(j)ust 10．(g)uest
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍去中国旅行时需要注意的事项。
1．句意：去中国旅游时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据“When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i...for you to behave in a good way.”可知，去一个地方旅行，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要，important“重要的”，在句中作表语，故填(i)mportant。
2．句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的体验。根据“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e...”可知，被邀请去中国家庭做客是好的体验，experience“体验”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)xperience。
3．句意：别忘了称赞家里你喜欢的东西。根据“Don’t forget to say good words about s...you like in the house.”可知，别忘了称赞你喜欢的东西，用不定代词something作宾语，故填(s)omething。
4．句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据“Chinese people like to r...fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.”可知，中国人喜欢收到水果和茶，receive“收到”，like to do sth“喜欢做某事”，故填(r)eceive。
5．句意：中国的餐桌是一个快乐的地方，充满了美味的食物和交谈。根据“A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f...of delicious food and conversation.”可知，此处是full of短语，意为“充满”，故填(f)ull。
6．句意：当被邀请来家里吃饭时，一定要注意到其他人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据“When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s...”可知，跟其他人做相同的事，same“相同的事物”，故填(s)ame。
7．句意：这表明主人已经准备了足够的食物。根据“Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p...enough food.”可知，剩点食物证明主人准备充足，prepare“准备”，用于现在完成时结构中，故填(p)repared。
8．句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。根据“Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f...time.”可知，此处是for the first time短语，意为“第一次”，故填(f)irst。
9．句意：如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释。根据“If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j...explain to them.”可知，如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释，just“就，只”符合语境，故填(j)ust。
10．句意：作为中国的客人，你会得到特殊待遇。根据“As a g... in China, you will get special treatment.”可知，客人会得到特殊待遇，guest“客人”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(g)uest。
08
（24-25八年级上·天津·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
When you come to visit China, it’s important to know what you must and must not do in China.
When you meet people in China, you must s 1 hands with them. Remember not to kiss them. In China, people never kiss.
When you visit a Chinese family, a g 2 is necessary. In China, it is always a surprise to receive a gift. They accept a gift with b 3 hands. But in the West, people don’t usually pay much a 4 to that. What’s more, in China, people can’t open the gift immediately, b 5 in the West, you need wait. And it’s polite for you to g 6 into a Chinese house with your shoes off.
You also need to know o 7 Chinese traditions. For example, they usually eat dumplings on the Spring Festival Eve. On the f 8 day of the Spring Festival, they mustn’t do any cleaning. And they mustn’t break anything. It means bad l 9 ! They must use red paper for hongbao. It also means good luck.
Pay attention to t 10 rules. They drive on the right-hand side of the road. Be careful when you walk on the road!
The Chinese way of life is different from the Westerners’. I hope the above can help you have a great time in China.
【答案】
1．(s)hake 2．(g)ift 3．(b)oth 4．(a)ttention 5．(b)ut 6．(g)o 7．(o)ther 8．(f)irst 9．(l)uck 10．(t)raffic
【导语】本文主要介绍了几个在中国需要注意的文化和礼仪习俗。
1．句意：当你在中国遇到别人时，你必须和他们握手。根据“hands with them.”以及首字母，此处指的是握手，shake hands“握手”，must接动词原形。故填(s)hake。
2．句意：当你拜访一个中国家庭时，礼物是必要的。根据后文“In China, it is always a surprise to receive a gift.”以及首字母提示，gift“礼物”符合语境，a接名词单数，故填(g)ift。
3．句意：他们用双手接受礼物。根据“They accept a gift with…hands.”以及首字母提示，此处指的双手接礼物，both符合题意，both hands“双手”。故填(b)oth。
4．句意：但在西方，人们通常不太注意这一点。根据“But in the West, people don’t usually pay much”以及首字母提示，此处指西方人不太注意，attention“注意”符合题意，不可数名词。故填(a)ttention。
5．句意：更重要的是，在中国，人们不能立即打开礼物，但在西方，你需要等待。根据“in the West, you need wait.”可知，后文介绍了不同的情况，but“但是”表转折。故填(b)ut。
6．句意：对你来说，不穿鞋进中国人家里是礼貌的。根据“into a Chinese house with your shoes off.”可知，此处指的是进中国人的家里，go符合题意，设空处前是不定式符号to，接动词原形，go into“进入”。故填(g)o。
7．句意：你还需要了解其他的中国传统。根据“Chinese traditions.”可知，此处指的是其他的传统，other“其他的”，修饰名词。故填(o)ther。
8．句意：在春节的第一天，他们不能做任何清洁。根据“day of the Spring Festival, they mustn’t do any cleaning.”以及首字母提示，此处指的是第一天，first day“第一天”。故填(f)irst。
9．句意：它意味着坏运气！根据“It means bad”以及首字母提示，此处指的坏运气，luck“运气”，bad luck“坏运气”。故填(l)uck。
10．句意：注意交通规则。根据“They drive on the right-hand side of the road.”以及首字母提示，此处指的注意交通规则，traffic rules“交通规则”，故填(t)raffic。
09
（22-23八年级下·全国·单元测试）Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u 1 each other Here is a simple test. Imagine (设想) you will hold a m 2 at four o’clock, w 3 should you expect your foreign business friends to come If they are Germans, they will a 4 on time. If they are Americans, they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late.
The British seemed to have thought since the English l 5 was widely used in the world, what they did was certain to be widely understood. Very soon they f 6 they were completely (完全地) wrong. For e 7 , the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal, but the Japanese prefer not to talk about work while e 8 . Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know e 9 other, and they don’t drink at lunch. The Germans like to talk about business b 10 dinner, and the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed before they discuss anything.
【答案】
1．(u)nderstand 2．(m)eeting 3．(w)hen 4．(a)rrive 5．(l)anguage 6．(f)ound 7．(e)xample 8．(e)ating 9．(e)ach 10．(b)efore
【导语】本文主要通过举一个关于开会到达时间以及谈论生意的例子讲述了不同国家的人们会有不同的一些习惯，因此要去不同地方旅游，要先了解一下风俗。
1．句意：旅游到世界的各个角落变得越来越容易，但是我们有多互相知道和了解呢？根据“…but how well do we know and…each other”可知，表示我们互相有多少了解，结合首字母，understand表示“明白，理解”。故填(u)nderstand。
2．句意：想象你将会在四点开一个会议，你应该期待你的外国商友几点来呢？短语hold a meeting表示“开会”，结合首字母应用meeting。故填(m)eeting。
3．句意：想象你将会在四点开一个会议，你应该期待你的外国商友几点来呢？根据后文“If they are Americans, they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late.”可知如果是美国人，可能早到15分钟，如果是英国人，可能迟到15分钟，因此此处是表示什么时候来，结合首字母，应用when。故填(w)hen。
4．句意：如果他们是德国人，他们将会准时到达。根据后文“If they are Americans，they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late.”可知说明不同国人可能会到的时间，结合首字母，应用arrive表示“到达”。故填(a)rrive。
5．句意：自从英语在世界广泛地被使用，英国人似乎就觉得他们做什么都是理所当然地被广泛理解的。根据“…since the English…was widely used in the world”可知，是指英语这门语言被广泛地在世界使用，结合首字母，language表示“语言”。故填(l)anguage。
6．句意：很快他们就发现他们完全错了。根据前文“The British seemed to have thought…”可知英国人会有一些自认为的事情，结合首字母，此处表示很快就发现错了，应用find表示“发现”，句子时态为一般过去时，应用过去式found。故填(f)ound。
7．句意：例如，英国人很高兴在用餐时享用商务午餐并喝一杯讨论商务事宜。短语for example表示“举个例子，例如”。故填(e)xample。
8．句意：但是日本人不喜欢在吃饭的时候谈论工作。根据前文的“the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal,but the Japanese…”可知英国人喜欢在吃饭时候谈论工作和生意，由but可知表示转折，即日本人不会喜欢吃饭时候谈生意，结合首字母，应用eat表示“吃”，while后应用现在分词形式。故填(e)ating。
9．句意：午饭是他们放松和互相认识的时候。短语each other表示“互相”，符合题意。故填(e)ach。
10．句意：德国人喜欢在晚饭前谈生意。根据后文的“and the French like to eat first and talk afterwards.”可知法国人喜欢先吃再谈，由and可知两句话是并列，结合首字母应用before表示“在之前”，即德国人喜欢饭前谈。故填(b)efore。
10
（21-22八年级下·天津西青·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
Hello, everyone! I’m glad to tell you s 1 about my life as an exchange student（交换生）in Russia last year.
I stayed with a home stay family i 2 a small town. The families were very friendly. They planned a lot of activities for me in my free time so t 3 I wouldn’t miss home.
H 4 , life in Russia was not easy for m 5 . My main problem was the language. It was hard for me to understand much in the first few weeks b 6 everyone spoke so fast. Another p 7 was the food. My home stay family always had bread and potatoes, but I missed Chinese food a lot, e 8 jiaozi.
Anyway, it was an exciting and valuable year for me, I understood more about Russian culture. My Russian friends asked me plenty of questions about life in China. And this made me think about my own c 9 as well. Now I am back in China, but I still r 10 the life in Russia.
【答案】
1．(s)omething 2．(i)n 3．(t)hat 4．(H)owever 5．(m)e 6．(b)ecause 7．(p)roblem 8．(e)specially 9．(c)ulture 10．(r)emember
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者去年去俄罗斯做交换生的生活。
1．句意：我很高兴告诉你我去年在俄罗斯做交换生的生活。根据“tell you...about my life as an exchange student”以及首字母可知是讲述一些去做交换生的生活，something“一些事”符合语境。故填(s)omething。
2．句意：我住在一个小镇的寄宿家庭。根据“a small town”以及首字母可知是在一个小镇，介词用in。故填(i)n。
3．句意：他们在我的空闲时间为我安排了很多活动，这样我就不会想家了。根据“They planned a lot of activities for me in my free time so...I wouldn’t miss home”以及首字母可知此处是“so that目的是”引导的目的状语从句。故填(t)hat。
4．句意：然而，在俄罗斯的生活对我来说并不容易。根据“life in Russia was not easy”以及首字母可知此处表示转折，用however。故填(H)owever。
5．句意：然而，在俄罗斯的生活对我来说并不容易。根据“life in Russia was not easy for”以及首字母可知俄罗斯的生活对我来说不容易，作介词宾语用宾格me“我”。故填(m)e。
6．句意：在最初的几周里，我很难理解很多东西，因为每个人都说得太快了。根据“It was hard for me to understand much in the first few weeks...everyone spoke so fast”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。
7．句意：另一个问题是食物。根据“My home stay family always had bread and potatoes, but I missed Chinese food a lot”以及首字母可知食物也是一个问题，another后加名词单数problem“问题”。故填(p)roblem。
8．句意：我的寄宿家庭总是吃面包和土豆，但我很想念中国菜，尤其是饺子。根据“but I missed Chinese food a lot...jiaozi”以及首字母可知此处指尤其想念饺子，用副词especially“尤其”。故填(e)specially。
9．句意：这也让我想到了我自己的文化。根据“My Russian friends asked me plenty of questions about life in China. And this made me think about my own”以及首字母可知俄罗斯朋友问我关于中国生活的问题，这让作者想起了自己的文化，culture“文化”，此处用名词单数。故填(c)ulture。
10．句意：现在我回到了中国，但我仍然记得在俄罗斯的生活。根据“Now I am back in China, but I still...the life in Russia”以及首字母可知虽然回到了中国，但仍然记得在俄罗斯的生活，remember“记得”，此处用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形。故填(r)emember。

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