资源简介

高一培优精讲精练答案
Part One
Lesson 1
Key points:
P4-P5课文填空：
1. situated 2. symbol 3. located 4. artists 5. designed
6. artistic 7. sculptures 8. civilisation ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\NSE\\NSE-SH3\\Template\\Normal\\temp4.html" \l "# ) 9. powerful 10. influenced
Key points:
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C
11. D 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B
Lesson 2
P9-P10课文填空：
escape 2. urban 3. enormous ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\NSE\\NSE-SH3\\Template\\Normal\\temp8.html" \l "# ) 4. survive 5. addition
6. Probably 7. unbelievable 8. connected 9. worsening 10. situation
Key points:
1~5 ABCDA 6~10 CDACA 11~15 ACDDB 16~20 CBBAB 21~25 CDABC
Module 3
P14-P15课文填空：
rotating ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\NSE\\NSE-SH3\\Template\\Normal\\temp2.html" \l "# ) 2. violent ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\NSE\\NSE-SH3\\Template\\Normal\\temp2.html" \l "# ) 3. exactly 4. injuries 5. tropical ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\NSE\\NSE-SH3\\Template\\Normal\\temp2.html" \l "# )
6. affect 7. disaster ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\NSE\\NSE-SH3\\Template\\Normal\\temp2.html" \l "# ) 8. destroyed 9. struck 10. found
Key points:
1-5 ACCDA 6-10 DBCAB 11-15 BCDBA 16-20 CCADA
Part Two Enrichment
Lesson 1
appreciate
exchanged
to fill
to save
dropped
rubbed
rewarded
appreciation
gifted
regularly; irregular
disappearance; appear
crowded
rubber
firm
stuck; stuck
specially; specialty; specialize
inexperienced; experienced
owner
rewarding
save up
is sailing up
button up
eat up
went up
wrapped
wind up
do up
Mom thinks Jack has a gift for music, so she sends him to a music school.
Susan won herself a large sum of money for her invention.
In exchange for your Nokia, I give you my iPhone. What do you think
After many times of attempts, he finally managed to escape from the prison.
We didn’t go skating. Instead, we went to the movies./ Instead of going skating, we went to the movies.
This book is worth reading.
You should stick to your own principle, and never follow the crowd.
You can trust Michael, because he is very experienced in handling trouble.
CDABBD ACACBB
Lesson 2
has shared
orderly
worried
disappearance
instructed
fearing
instructions
punctually
Considering
kidnap; kidnapping
rare; rarity
consider; consideration
wealth
order; disorderly
safety
instruction; instructor
decision
fearful’ fearless
withdrawal
arrival
punctual
Thirst
astounding
statement
Before going home, I went to the grocer’s. Bill Smith, the man who always serves me, was very busy. This, however, did not worry me. On the contrary, it gave me the opportunity to look round for several things I wanted. By the time my turn came, I had already filled a basket with packets of biscuits cans of fruit bars of soap and two large bags of flour.
I take no interest in your hairstyle. What I’m interested in is how you learn English.
A great many students go on the street to protest against Japan’s buying the Diaoyu/Fishing Island.
After you buy the cellphone, the salesman will instruct you to use it.
Louis got up early for fear that he would miss his flight.
I think I have made it quite clear that I don’t want to take part in the competition.
Considering he is still an adolescent, we should not allow him to go in.
ABABDABDDBCA
Lesson 3
possessions
tied
missing
had been stolen
angrily
taking
astonished
possession; possess
theft
proof
neighborhood
require; inquire
anger; angry
accusation
stole; stolen
denial
explanation
shame
apology; apologetic
astonishing; astonishment
We had better have lunch.
She had better renew her passport.
You had better not ask so many questions.
We had better not stay any longer.
Children had better get an early night.
I had better consult my solicitor.
My uncle is in possession of the house, but now only I live here.
After everything has been packed up, we set out for Shangri-La.
Several of my friends have bought this product. You can have a try.
Hilary accused the minister of taking bribe.
He acts as a doctor in the movie.
You should be ashamed of everything that you did.
I apologize to you for doing wrong to you.
CBB
Part Three
1.定语从句
二．用法指要
（1）现场操练
参考答案:
1)which/that/X; 2)who/that; 3)which/that/X; 4)which/that; 5)which/that/X; 6)where; 7)whose; 8)when; 9)which/that/X; 10)why; 11)where; 12)which/that/X; 13)whose
注意：
现场操练
参考答案: 1)on which 2)in which 3)at which 4)in which 5)for which
难点突破
参考答案: 1)where; which/that/X 2)when; which/that/X 3)why; which/that/X
难点二
现场操练:
参考答案: 1)that 2)that 3)that 4)that 5)that 6)that 7)that 8)that 9)that 10)that
难点三
现场操练
参考答案: 1)which/that/X; 2）which
难点四
现场操练
参考答案: 1)that/in which/X 2)as 3)as 4)as 5)as
（二）1.主要用法
现场操练
参考答案: who; whom; which 3）1)As 2)which/as 3)when, which
考查重点: BDDDB
四.高考实录
参考答案：
1----5 CACCB 6---10 ADCBD 11-15 DABCB 16-20 DBADA
21-25 CBDCD 26-30 DACAD 31-35 DDBAD 36-40 DDBDB
五．创新演练
参考答案：1---5 ADCDB 6---10 BDCBC 11-15 CCDDC 16-20 BAD/ADC
21-25 ABBCB 26-30 DCDBA
六. 句子翻译
1. The news which he told me is not true.
2. He passed the exam, which made his mother happy.
3. He passed the exam which was very hard.
4. China, which has a long history, is becoming more and more powerful
5. This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.
2.状语从句
（二）连词的用法和区别
参考答案：
1. how 2. however 3. whatever 4. when 5. while
6. than 7. as 8. whenever 9. Whatever
10. before 11. since 12. that 13. Unless
14. Until 15. Even if/ Even though 16. Since/ Now that
17. because 18. where 19. that 20. Once
21. Although/ While 22. so that/ in order that 23. Whether
24. As long as / So long as / If 25. As
四．高考实录
参考答案
1----5 BACAD 6---10 DBDDA 11-15 CAACC 16-20 BBCDB
21-25 ADABA 26-30 BDDBD 31-35 DBCBD 36-40 DACCB
五．创意演练
参考答案：
1----5 BBDCC 6--10 BCBCB 11-15BDDBC 16-20 BDACC
21-25ABDCB 26-30 BCDBA 31-35 AADAA 36-38 BCD
六．
1. The moment I heard the voice, I knew my mom was coming.
2. Put it where we can see it.
3. He told us to keep quiet so that we might not disturb others.
4. I was in the bath, with the result that I didn’t hear the telephone.
5. No matter what the result will be, we shall not give up.
3.名词性从句
whether和if的用法异同
现场操练参考答案1)Whether 2)whether 3)whether 4)whether
用正确的连词填空：
参考答案：
1. whether 2. That 3. why 4. Whoever 5. what 6. as if/ as though
7. that 8. what; how 9. that 10. Whatever
四、高考实录
1-5 ADABC 6-10 CCCDD 11-15 DCACC 16-20 CCBAC
21-25 ABADA 26-30 BDCAB 31-35 BBACB
五、创新演练
参考答案：
1----5 BCBBD 6---10 BDDBC 11-15 BABDB 16-20 BCBDC
21-25 CABBD 26-30 DCDCD 31-35 CBDCC 36-40 BBACB
六．句子翻译
1. He has made it clear that he will not give up.
2. I have no idea when he will return.
3. The problem is what he has done to the little boy.
4. How the book will sell depends on its author.
5. Who will win the match is still unknown.
Part Four
完形填空：
1.1—15 BCDBC DADAC BDCBD
2.1--5 DBACD 6--10 BCADA 11--15 CADCA
语法填空：
1. 1. divided 2. that/which 3. for 4. for 5. that
6. various/varied 7. to be published / published 8. They 9. usage 10.the
2. 1. them 2. for 3. whether 4. delivered 5. when
6. on 7. to be treated 8. homeless 9. When 10. a
阅读理解：
1. 1-5 BDBDD 2. 1-5 DBCBA
信息匹配：
1. 56. E 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. A
2. 56—60 FECBA
写作：
1. My country begins to carry out the policy that prevents smoking in public buildings since January 1st,2025.The main aim is to make every public rooms have no smoke by posting the sign of preventing smoking. There are 350 million people smoking recently, in which the male hold 75 percent and the female hold 25 percent. Because of these smokers, about 540 million non-smokers are influenced. More than 100 thousand people per year die because of the second smoke.
2. Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala（考拉）at the Featherdale Wildlife Park in southern Australia. All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be too if you were used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off. That’s right—sleep it off. The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it sleepy.
The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged and photographed by tourists，who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal，which is understandable. How would you react，my friend，if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times and some round，furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you
3. Last weekend, I had an interview with Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, about the issue of short-sightedness of the school children in China. According to Professor Wang, slightly more than half of the school children in our country are short-sighted, which ranks the first in the world. He also pointed that the causes for short-sightedness are so complicated that no medicine can cure short-sightedness. So he suggested that school children avoid overuse of their eyes and do more outdoor activities. He particularly reminded us that how to hold a pen is also related to short-sightedness.
PAGE
6高中英语培优精讲讲练
For Grade 10
Contents
Part One Preview of Book 3
Lesson 1 Europe P4
Lesson 2 Developing and Developed Countries P9
Lesson 3 The Violence of Nature P14
Part Two Enrichment
Lesson 1 Fifty pence worth of trouble P19
Lesson 2 A very dear cat P23
Lesson 3 Mary had a little lamb P27
Part Three Grammar Focus
Lesson 1 Attributive Clause P31
Lesson 2 Adverbial Clause P42
Lesson 3 Noun Clause P54
Part Four Examination Model P76
Part One
Preview of Book 3
Lesson One
Europe
Great European Cities
PARIS
Paris is the capital and largest city of France, 1 on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous 2 of Paris. One of the world's largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also 3 in Paris. The city is also famous for ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) its restaurants, cafés and theatres. About two-thirds of France's 4 and writers live in Paris.
BARCELONA
Barcelona is the second largest ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) city of Spain and is situated ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometres east of ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) the Spanish capital, Madrid. One of Barcelona's most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia, which was 5 by an architect ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) called Antonio Gaudi. Gaudi worked on the project ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) from 1882 until his death in 1926. The church hasn't been finished yet!
FLORENCE
Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) the Renaissance, a great 6
movement which began in the 1300s ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) and lasted for three hundred years. During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. Many of Florence's most beautiful paintings and 7 were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries, churches and museums. The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) in the city.
ATHENS
Athens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) of western 8 . Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world's most 9 city. Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. Greece's best writers lived in ancient ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp4.html" \l "# ) Athens. Their works has 10 other writers ever since.
Try to find out the words in the text according to their definitions.
someone who designs buildings
to be in a certain place
something that is easy to recognize, such as a building
someone who produces novels or poems
a large building where people can see famous pieces of art
the art of making things out of stone and wood, etc.
of a time long ago
Check the true statements.
The Eiffel Tower is a tall building in France.
There are a lot of restaurants and cafés in Paris.
Barcelona is the capital of Spain.
The Church of the Sagrada Familia was built in 1926.
The artistic movement called the Renaissance began in Florence.
The Uffizi Palace is a famous hotel in Florence.
A long time ago, Athens was the world's most powerful city.
There were a lot of good writers in ancient Athens.
Key points:
1. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _______ absent for different reasons.
A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were
2. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
3. ______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
4. Ten minutes ______ a long time for one who waits.
A. seem B. seems C. seemed D. are seemed
5. Eric is the only one of the boys who _____ a driving license.
A. has B. have C. is having D. are having’
6. Joy and Sorrow _____ next-door neighbours.
A. is B. are C. were D. be
7. In my opinion, some of the news _____ unbelievable.
A. are B. is C. has been D. have been
8. When ______ the United Nations founded
A. is B. are C. was D. were
9. Every possible means _____.
A. has tried B. has been tried C. was tried D. were tried
10. What she says and does _____ nothing to do with me.
A. was B. were C. has D. have
11. There _____ a dictionary and several books on the desk.
A. are B. must C. have been D. is
12. Nobody ______ seen the film. It’s a pity.
A. but Tom and Jack have B. except Tom and Jack have
C. but my friends has D. but I have
13. No teacher and no student ______．
A. are admitted B. is admitted C. are admitting D. is admitting
14. All but one ______ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were
15. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided
16. The writer and singer ______ here.
A. is B. are C. were D. do
17. In those days John with his classmates _____ kept busy preparing for the exam.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
18. —— ____ your clothes ——No, mine _____ hanging over there.
A. Is it, is B. Are these, are C. Is it, are D. Are these, is
19. The Smith’s family, which ____ rather a large one, ____ very fond of their old houses.
A. were, were B. was, was C. were, was D. was, were
20. What the teacher and the students want to say _____ that either of the countries ____ beautiful.
A. are, are B. is, is C. are, is D. is, are
Cultural Corner:
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Find the names of three first members and three new members of the European Union.
In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China
The European Union
What Is the European Union
The European Union is an organization of European countries. The countries are independent and are governed in different ways. In the United Kingdom, for example, the head ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp0.html" \l "# ) of state is a king or queen. In France, on the other hand, the head ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp0.html" \l "# ) of state is a president. But each of them sends representatives to the European Parliament ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp0.html" \l "# ), which has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.
How Did It Start
The idea of the European Union began in the 1950s. The first members were France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Italy. Little by little, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century. By the year 2000, there were 15 member countries. The new countries were Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
How Many Countries Belong to It Now
In2024, the European Union increased to 25 members. The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, plus the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Malta all became members. The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.
Lesson Two
Developing and Developed Countries
The Urban Crisis
One goal ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# ) of many Americans' and Canadians' is to move out of a busy urban area such as New York, Los Angeles, or Toronto. They say that they want to 1 from pollution ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# ) (for example, smog and noise pollution ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# )). They want to get away from crime. They're tired of the crowds of people each day on the mass ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# )-transit systems–buses, commuter trains, and subways. Or, if they have cars, they would like to avoid the traffic that they get into when they commute daily from their homes to their offices and back.
The 2 population in most developing countries such as India and Nigeria is increasing very fast. There are several reasons for this 3 population growth. Of course, there is a general increase in the population because modern medicine and new methods of food production allow adults to live longer and babies to 4 , not die soon after birth. In Latin America, where seven out of ten people already live in cities, most future growth will be from this natural increase. But in many other countries millions of people are moving to urban areas because they must find work. There simply aren't jobs in the countryside. There isn't enough good farmland for large families in rural areas. In 5 , farming methods are not always modern. These out-of-date ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# ) methods cause ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# ) farms to be unsuccessful. These problems are worsening, not getting better, so more and more people are leaving their homes to find a better life in cities.
Is life better in cities 6 not. Many people find that the city of their dreams has become a nightmare. Population growth is causing 7 overcrowding. Nairobi, Kenya, for example, has basic services for 200,000 people but will soon have a population of 5 million. Mexico City is home to almost 25 million. This overcrowding causes many serious problems: traffic, pollution ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# ), sickness, and crime. There isn't enough water, transportation, or housing. There aren't enough sewers; in Sao Paulo, Brazil, for instance, only 40% of the homes are 8 to the city sewer system, which carries away dirty water and waste through pipes under the ground. Perhaps most serious of all, there aren't enough jobs. One-third to one-half of the people in many cities in developing nations cannot find work or can find only part-time jobs. Millions of these people are hungry, homeless ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp8.html" \l "# ), sick, and afraid. The crisis is 9 daily; that is, this time of danger and difficulty is becoming more horrible every day. Population experts tell us that by the year 2025, the population in cities in developing nations will increase to four times its present size.
The 10 seems hopeless, but perhaps it isn't. The answer to the problem "... is to provide jobs for them where they live, where they were born". Beijing, Cairo, New Delhi, and other urban centres are trying to create smaller cities, in the countryside, with jobs and housing. The hope is to slow the exodus of rural people to the already overcrowded cities.
Check the true sentences.
Over-population will be especially serious in developing countries.
Many Canadians would like to move to the countryside.
The population in developing countries is becoming smaller.
Many people can find work in cities in developing countries.
Cities in developed countries have an average population of 25 million.
Many problems in cities are caused by over-population.
Key points:
1. He is very old,____ he still works very hard.
A. but B. if C. when D. as
2. ____ you are dismissed.
A. Neither you go nor B. Either you go or
C. Whether you go or D. Both you go and
3. They had camped once before, ____ they knew what to take.
A. because B. now C. so D. since
4. Why these things happened was ____ the driver had been careless.
A. because of B. owing to C. due to D. that
5. Although, it's raining, ____are still working in the fields.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
6. ___we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint.
A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. By now.
7. Write clearly ____ your teacher can understand you correctly.
A. since B. for C. because D. so that
8. You'll miss the train ____ you hurry up.
A. unless B. as C. if D. until
9. Francis did the task____ his brother.
A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as
10. The size of the audience,____ we had expected, was well over twenty thousand.
A. as B. what C. that D. whom
11. I thought he hated the TV .You are right,____ he still watches the program.
A. yet B. besides C. also D. then
12. It looks ____ it's going to rain.
A. that B. as C. as if D. like that
13.____ to New York, her father has not heard from her.
A. Because she went B. After she went C. When she went D. Since she went
14.___Peter’s daydream, he saw some figures in the sky.
A. Until B. Since C. While D. During
15. We arrived at the station ____ the train had left.
A. after B. before C. since D. when
16.____ he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as everyone else.
A. But B. Although C. Even if D. If
17. Give me one more minute ____ I'll have finished.
A. so B. until C. and D. when
18. The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,____ he could not find any work.
A. and B. yet C. or D. and but
19. Hurry up, ____ you'll be late.
A. or B. and C. so D. yet
20. Do not make the same mistake ____ I did.
A. so B. as C. like D. that
21. My sister is expecting me,____ I must be off now.
A. however B. or C. so D. otherwise
22. We should pay attention ____ to industry ____ to agriculture.
A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not, but D. both, and
23. He ran off____ I could stop him.
A. before B. after C. since D. when
24.____ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
A. Till B. Until C. After D. Since
25. Where have you been ____ you left home
A. before B. as C. since D. when
Cultural Corner:
Read the passage and answer these questions.
1. What happens when two towns have a town twinning agreement
2. Does your hometown have a twin town Do you think it is a good idea Say why or why not.
Town Twinning
How are Oxford in the UK and Grenoble in France similar Well, they're both medium-sized towns of between 100,000 and 200,000 inhabitants ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ). They both have universities and industries. Tourism ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ) is important to both of them, and they are both close to some of the most beautiful countryside in the region ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ). But they share something else: they have a town twinning agreement ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ).
Town twinning is not a new idea, but it has become more popular in recent years because it's now easier to find out about ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ) and visit other countries and towns. It's an agreement ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ) between towns or cities of similar size and age, and which have similar features such as tourism ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ), industry, culture and entertainment ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp9.html" \l "# ).
Town twinning agreements encourage people from the two towns to visit each other. There are visits and exchanges between schools, theatre groups and sports teams. Visitors from the foreign town usually stay in the private homes of the town they are visiting. There is usually a big party for the visitors.
Town twinning agreements are perhaps most useful for students and people who want to practise speaking another language. This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language, and as a result you improve fast.
Lesson Three
The Violence of Nature
What Is a Tornado
A tornado ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) is a 1 column ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) of air from a thunderstorm ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) to the ground. The most 2 have winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour. Almost all of them occur ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.
Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street—or even in the next town. They can take the fur ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken. They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) inside 3 where it was.
On average ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ), there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ), causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 4 ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ). The worst tornado ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) of all time occurred in 1925, affecting three US states ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ): Missouri, Illinois and Indiana. By the time it ended ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ), more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ).
What Is a Hurricane
Hurricanes are strong 5 storms, and they usually occur ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) in the southern Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. There are violent ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more, which cause ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) huge waves, heavy rain and floods. There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year and they usually 6 the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine.
The worst hurricane ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) 7 of all time occurred on the 8th September 1900 in Galveston, Texas. Winds of 200 kilometres per hour and five-metre high waves hit the city. The disaster ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and 8 3,600 buildings.
An Extraordinary Event
This is a story about the 1900 Galveston hurricane ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ).
Charles Coghlan was a nineteenth-century Irish actor who went to live in Canada. He then moved to New York, where he became famous. By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) 9 . The cemetery ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) and Coghlan's coffin ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) ended up in the sea ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ).
Eight years later, the coffin ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp2.html" \l "# ) was 10 by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada. The Gulf Stream had carried it 3,000 kilometres up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island. Coghlan travelled back to Canada—after he had been buried in Texas!
Try to find out the words in the text according to their definitions.
you can see this on an animal
describing the hottest parts of the earth, north and south of the equator
a terrible event
you can see these on a bird
to place in the ground or tomb
to happen
Answer the following questions.
How strong are tornado winds
What can happen to furniture when a house is destroyed by a tornado
How many tornadoes are there in the US every year
How many people died in the worst tornado of all time
What happens at sea during a hurricane
When was the worst hurricane of all time
Was the actor Charles Coghlan killed in it
What happened to him after the hurricane
Key points:
1. Can you tell me whom the play in 1998
A. was written by B. was written C. is written by D. is written
2. —Mum, can I go skating now
—Well, you may go after your homework .
A. has finished B. will finish C. is finished D. was finished
3. The new computers to the village school as presents last month.
A. are given B. given C. were given D. gave
4. No one knows how the huge rocks and without modern machine eight hundred years ago.
A. are cut; moved B. were cut; move C. are cut; moving D. were cut; moved
5. These flowers . Let’s get some water.
A. need to be watered B. need watered C. have been watered D. are watering
6. —Why are Tom’s parents worried about him
—Because he to Iraq last week.
A. sends B. is sent C. sent D. was sent
7. —The APEC meeting in Shanghai last autumn.
—I hear it in different countries every year.
A. is held; is held B. was held; is held
C. was held; has held D. is held; was held
8. —Have all the students known that our class will visit the factory this afternoon
—Yes. Every student about it.
A. tells B. told C. was told D. has told
9. They are happy that 2016 Olympic Games in Rio.
A. will be held B. will hold C. are holding D. hold
10. —Alice, you on the phone. —I’m coming. Thanks.
A. want B. are wanted C. are wanting D. have wanted
11. To make our country more beautiful, rubbish into the river.
A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown C. can’t throw D. may not throw
12. Tom is often made for twelve hours a day by the boss.
A. work B. working C. to work D. to be working
13. The thief by the policeman already.
A. is caught B. caught C. has caught D. has been caught
14. A talk on English study by smith this Friday.
A. will give B. will be given C. gives D. were given
15. The first computer by Charles Babbage.
A. was invented B. is invented C. invented D. has invented
16. We are often told at people who are in trouble.
A. not to smile B. to smile C. not to laugh D. to laugh
17. Mary the song at a party.
A. heard sing B. was heard singing C. was heard to sing D. was heard sing
18. —What do you think of the football match yesterday
—Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school .
A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed
19. Today, the forests have almost gone, people must down many trees.
A. stop to cut B. stop from cutting
C. be stooped to cut D. be stopped from cutting
20. I’m sorry you can’t go in now. The room yet.
A. hasn’t been cleaned B. hasn’t cleaned
C. isn’t been cleaned D. isn’t being cleaned
Cultural Corner:
Read the passage and answer these questions.
1. Where was the worst Chinese earthquake
2. What was the most dangerous thing about the California Earthquake of 1906
3. Is it possible that there could be another earthquake there
Earthquakes Around the Pacific
About 400 earthquakes occur ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) worldwide ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) every day, more than a hundred thousand in a year.
China is situated ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) in one of the most active ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) earthquake ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) regions in the world and there have been many terrible earthquakes. The most serious of these occurred in Hua County in Shaanxi Province in 1556. The earthquake ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) affected eight provinces in Central China. It covered an area of 800 square kilometres. In some communities, 60 percent of the population were killed. In all, 830,000 people lost their lives.
The California Earthquake ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) that has ever happened in the United States. It took place at 5:15 a.m., and lasted for only a minute. However, it caused the worst natural disaster ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) in the nation's history.
Fires caused by the California Earthquake ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) did the most damage ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ). The fires burned for three days, destroying a total of 25,000 buildings. About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 were made homeless ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ). In the whole of California, the earthquake ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) and fires caused about 3,000 deaths.
The 1906 earthquake ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) was caused by a movement on the San Andreas Fault. One hundred years later, movements on the San Andreas Fault continue to cause ( .. / .. / .. / .. / Program Files / NSE / NSE-SH3 / Template / Normal / temp3.html" \l "# ) problems for the whole of California.
Part Two
Enrichment
Lesson One Fifty Pence Worth of Trouble
Q: Did George get anything for his fifty pence What
Children always 1 (appreciation) small gifts of money. Mum or dad, of course, provide a regular(有规律的) supply of pocket money(零用钱), but uncles and aunts are always a source of extra income. With some children, small sums go a long way. If fifty pence pieces are not 2 (exchange) for sweets, they rattle(格格作响) for months inside money boxes. Only very thrifty(节俭的) children manage 3
(fill) up a money box. For most of them, fifty pence is a small price to pay for a nice big bar of chocolate.
My nephew, George, has a money box but it is always empty. Very few of the fifty pence pieces and pound coins I have given him have found their way there. I gave him fifty pence yesterday and advised him 4 (save) it. Instead he bought himself fifty pence worth of trouble. On his way to the sweet shop, he 5 (drop) his fifty pence and it bounced along the pavement(人行道) and then disappeared down a drain(下水道). George took off his jacket, rolled up his sleeves(袖子) and pushed his right arm through the drain cover. He could not find his fifty pence piece anywhere, and what is more, he could not get his arm out. A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady 6 (rub) his arm with soap and butter, but George was firmly stuck. The fire brigade (消防队)was called and two fire-fighters freed George using a special type of grease(润滑油). George was not too upset by his experience because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his troubles and 7 (reward) him with a large box of chocolates.
【New words and expressions】
1. appreciate vt. →_____________________(n.)
2. gift n. →_____________________(adj.有天赋的)
3. regular adj. →_____________________(adv.) →_____________________(adj.不规则的)
4. disappear vi. →_____________________(n.) →_____________________(vi. 出现)
5. crowd n./vi. →_____________________(adj.拥挤的)
6. rub vt. →_____________________(n.橡皮擦)
7. firmly adv. →_____________________(adj./n. 坚定的;公司)
8. stick vt. →_____________________(过去时) →_____________________(过去分词)
9. special adj. →_______________(adv.) →____________(n. 特色) →_____________(vi.特长)
10. experience n./vt. →_______________(adj.无经验的) →________________(adj.有经验的)
11. own vt. →_____________________(n. 拥有者)
12. reward vt./n. →_____________________(adj.有回报的)
【Special difficulties】
Complete these sentences using the correct form of the following verbs: do, save, wind, sail, wrap, button, go, eat.
1. If I can _____ up enough money, I shall go abroad.
2. The steamboat _____ up the river.
3. It was very cold so I _____ up my coat before going out.
4. _____ up what is on your plate and I’ll give you some more.
5. I _____ up to a policeman and asked him the way to the station.
6. He _____ the fish up in a piece of newspaper.
7. My watch has stopped because I forgot to _____ it up.
8. It takes children a long time to learn how to _____ up their shoelaces.
【Translation】
Translate the following sentences by using the expressions in the passage
1. 妈妈觉得Jack有音乐天赋，所以就把他送到音乐学校去学习。(have a gift for…)
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2. Susan因为自己的发明而得到了一大笔钱。(a large sum of…)
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. 我想拿我的Iphone交换你的Nokia,你觉得怎样？(in exchange for…)
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. 尝试很多遍之后他终于成功越狱了。(manage to…)
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5. 我们没有去溜冰而是去了看电影。(Instead, …./ instead of…)
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6. 这本书值得好好去读一下。(be worth doing)
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7. 你应该坚持自己的原则，不要随大流。(stick to…)
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8. 你大可相信Michael, 他在处理麻烦方面很有经验的。(be experienced in…)
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【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension
1. What do most children do with the money they are given
a. They put it in their pockets.
b. They wait until their money boxes are full before spending it.
c. They go straight to a sweet shop and spend it.
d. They spend a little of it on chocolate.
2. When the writer gave him fifty pence, George _____ .
a. did not hear the writer’s advice
b. decided that saving it was more trouble than it was worth
c. waited until the next day before deciding to spend it on sweets
d. set out for the sweet shop, but lost it on his way
3. Once the fire fighters had come to George’s rescue _____ .
a. George had his arm greased and was able to get it out of the drain
b. George took his fire fighters and got some chocolate at the sweet shop
c. the lady who had failed to rescue George gave him a box of chocolates
d. George was rewarded by the owner of the sweet shop for his trouble
Structure
4. Fifty pence is not _____ to pay for a bar of chocolate. (ll.6-7)
a. many b. much c. plenty d. big
5. I gave him fifty pence yesterday and advised him he _____ it. (ll,9-10)
a. saves b. should save c. would save d. was saving
6. He _____ to the sweet shop when he dropped his fifty pence. (ll.10-11)
a. had gone b. was going to go c. went d. was going
7. He could not find his fifty pence anywhere _____ get his arm out. (ll.12-13)
a. nor could he b. nor he could c. neither he could d. either he could not
8. A lady put _____ . (ll.13-14)
a. on his arm soap and butter b. his arm on soap and butter
c. soap and butter on his arm d. on his arm with soap and butter
Vocabulary
9. With some children, small sums _____ . (ll.3-4)
last a long time b. are very durable
c. have far to go d. gain in value
10. A crowd of people gathered _____ and a lady... (ll.13-14)
a. on a tour b. in turn c. in a circle d. in a cycle
11. George was _____ stuck. (l.14)
a. strictly b. well and truly c. hardly d. by no means
12. George was not too _____ by his experience. (l.15)
a. moved b. distressed c. excited d. embarrassed
Lesson Two A Very Dear Cat
Q: Why was Rastus 'very dear' in more ways than one
Kidnappers(绑架者) are rarely(几乎不) interested in animals, but they recently took considerable(相当大的) interest in Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, who 1 (share) a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years. Rastus leads an 2 (order) life. He usually takes a short walk in the evenings and is always home by seven o'clock.. One evening, however, he failed to arrive. Mrs. Ramsay got very 3
(worry). She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.
Three days after Rastus' 4 (appear), Mrs. Ramsay received an anonymous(匿名的) letter. The writer stated(声明) that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom(赎金) of ￡1000.
Mrs. Ramsay was 5 (instruct) to place the money in a cardboard(硬纸板) box and to leave it outside her door. At first, she decided to go to the police, but 6 (fear) that she would never see Rastus again---the letter had made that quite clear---she changed her mind. She withdrew(取钱) ￡1000from her bank and followed the kidnapper's 7 (instruct). The next morning, the box had disappeared but Mrs. Ramsay was sure that the kidnapper would keep his word. Sure enough, Rastus arrived 8 (punctual 准时的) at seven o'clock that evening .He looked very well, though he was rather thirsty, for he drank half a bottle of milk. The police were astounded(震惊的) when Mrs. Ramsay told them what she had done. She explained that Rastus was very dear to her. 9 (consider) the amount she paid, he was dear in more ways than one!
【New words and expressions】
1. kidnapper n. →_____________________(vt. 绑架) →_____________________(n. 绑架)
2. rarely adv. →_________________(adj. 稀有的) →_________________(n. 稀有的东西)
3. considerable adj. →__________________(vt.考虑；认为) →__________________(n. 考虑)
4. wealthy adj. →_____________________(n. 财富)
5. orderly adj. →_________________(n./vt. 秩序；命令) →________________(adj. 无序的)
6. safe adj. →_____________________(n. 安全)
7. instruct vt. →_____________________(n. 指导；说明) →_____________________(n. 导师)
8. decide vt. →_____________________(n. 决定)
9. fear n./vt. →__________________(adj. 害怕的) →_________________(adj. 无所畏惧的)
10. withdraw vt. →_____________________(n. 取钱；撤退)
11. arrive vi. →_____________________(n. 抵达)
12. punctually adv. →_____________________(adj. 准时的)
13. thirsty adj. →_____________________(n. 口渴)
14. astounded adj. →_____________________(adj. 令人震惊的)
15. state vt./n. →_____________________(n. 声明；陈述；观点)
【Special difficulties】
The comma 逗号的用法
Note how commas are used in the following sentences:
1. After we had visited the market, we returned home.
2. Mr. Griffiths, the Prime Minister, said that his party would win the next election.
3. I bought pens, pencils and paper.
4. It was raining heavily and I was sure no one would be at the race course. There were, however, hundreds of people there.
5. The small boat, which took eleven weeks to cross the Atlantic, arrived at Plymouth yesterday.
Exercise
Insert commas where necessary in the following paragraph:
Before going home I went to the grocer’s. Bill Smith the man who always serves me was very busy. This however did not worry me. On the contrary it gave me the opportunity to look round for several things I wanted. By the time my turn came I had already filled a basket with packets of biscuits cans of fruit bars of soap and two large bags of flour.
【Translation】
Translate the following sentences by using the expressions in the passage
1. 我对你的发型没兴趣，我感兴趣的是怎么学英语的。(take no interest in…)
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2. 很多学生走上街头抗议日本购买钓鱼岛。(a great many)
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3. 在你买了手机之后，售货员会指导你如何使用手机的。(instruct sb. to do…)
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4. Louis起了个大早生怕误了飞机。(for fear that…)
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5. 我觉得我已经很清楚地说了我不想参加比赛了。(make it clear that…)
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6. 考虑到他未成年，我们就别让他进去了。(Considering…)
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【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension
1. Some kidnapers took considerable interest in Mrs. Ramsay’s cat because _____ .
a. Mrs. Ramsay could and would say a lot to get her only companion back
b. Mrs. Ramsay clearly loved her cat to have kept him so long
c. Rastus was an orderly cat and would be easy to look after if kidnapped
d. Mrs. Ramsay missed her cat whenever he was not back home on time
2. On what conditions did the kidnapper promise the safe return of Rastus
a. His name was not to be revealed and he wanted a ransom of ￡1,000.
b. Mrs. Ramsay was not to inform the police and had to pay ￡1,000.
c. Mrs. Ramsay had to leave her flat until the box with the money had gone.
d. Mrs. Ramsay was to withdraw ￡1,000 from her bank and follow his instructions.
3. How was Rastus dear to Mrs. Ramsay in more ways than one
a. She was very fond of him and it had cost her a lot of get him back.
b. besides the high ransom paid on his behalf, he drank a lot of milk.
c. He was so dear that she had not dared tell the police of the kidnapping.
d. He was very valuable and she valued him greatly.
Structure
4. Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay is a very wealthy lady who _____ a flat with her cat Rastus, for a great many years.
a. shares b. has shared c. shared d. had shared
5. She searched for him but could not find him _____ .
a. nowhere b. somewhere c. everywhere d. anywhere
6. Her first reaction _____ the police.
a. was to call b. was calling c. she would call d. being to call
But _____ never seeing Rastus again, she changed her mind.
a. afraid b. afraid of c. for fear d. afraid for
8. Considering _____ money she paid, he was dear.
a. the great b. how many c. how much of d. what a lot of
Vocabulary
9. Rastus leads a _____ life.
a. correct b. measured c. regular d. disciplined
10. He usually goes _____ in the evenings.
a. on a trek b. for a stroll c. for a trot d. on foot
11. _____, Rastus arrived punctually.
a. Certainly b. Without a doubt c. As expected d. As a matter of fact
12. He appeared very _____ , though… (ll.15-16)
a. healthy b. satisfied c. good-looking d. sane
Lesson Three Mary Had a Little Lamb
Q: Was Dimitri right to apologize to his neighbor Why not
Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny(小的) village of Perachora in southern Greece. One of Mary's prize(宝贵的) 1 (possess) was a little white lamb which her husband had given her. She kept it 2 (tie) to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening. One evening, however, the lamb was 3 (miss). The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb 4 (steal). When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.
He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village. After telling several of his friends about the theft(偷盗行为), Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and 5 (anger) accused(指控) him of stealing the lamb. He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko denied(否认) 6 (take) it and led Dimitri into his back-yard. It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed(感到羞耻) of having acted so rashly(鲁莽的), Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they were talking, it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rain stopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was 7 (astonish) to find that the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed(染) black, had been washed clean by the rain !
【New words and expressions】
1. possessions. →_____________________(n.拥有) →_____________________(vt.拥有)
2. thief n. →_____________________(n.盗窃行为)
3. prove vt. →_____________________(n.证据)
4. neighbor n. →_____________________(n.街坊邻里)
5. acquire vt. →_____________________(vt. 要求) →_____________________(vt. 询问)
6. angrily adv. →_____________________(n.愤怒) →_____________________(adj.)
7. accuse vt. →_____________________(n.指责；控告)
8. steal vt. →_____________________(过去式) →_____________________(过去分词)
9. deny vt. →_____________________(n.否认)
10. explain vt. →_____________________(n.解释)
11. ashamed adj. →_____________________(n.羞耻)
12. apologize vt. →_________________(n.道歉) →________________(adj.充满歉意的)
13. astonished adj. →________________(adj. 令人震惊的) →_______________(n.震惊)
【Special difficulties】
Rewrite the following sentences using had better in place of it would be advisable
1. It would be advisable for us to have lunch.
2. It would be advisable for her to renew her passport.
3. It would not be advisable for you to ask so many questions.
4. It would not be advisable for us to stay any longer.
5. It would be advisable for the children to get an early night.
6. It would be advisable for me to consult my solicitor.
【Translation】
Translate the following sentences by using the expressions in the passage
1. 房子的主人是我叔叔，但是现在只有我住这里。(in possession of/ under the possession of)
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2. 一切收拾妥当之后他们就出发去香格里拉了。(set out)
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3. 我的好几个朋友都买了这款产品，你可以试一下。(several of…)
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4. Hilary指控部长收受贿赂。(accuse sb. of…/ be accused of…)
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5. 他在这部电影里扮演的是一个医生。(act as…)
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6. 你应该为你所做的一切感到羞耻。(feel/ be ashamed of…)
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. 我冤枉你了，我向你道歉。(apologize to sb. for…)
__________________________________________________________________________________
【Comprehension】
1. Every evening, Mary used to go and _____________.
A. cut the lamb from the rope it had been tied on
B. untie the lamb so it could wander in the field at night.
C. bring her lamb back home for the night.
D. make sure that her lamb was not missing.
2. It would not be difficult to find the thief because_____________.
A. the lamb had been one of Mary’s prize possessions.
B. news travels fast in a small community.
C. Dimitri had a lot of friends in the village.
D. the rain would soon wash the black dye off the lamb
3. When Aleko first showed Dimitri the lamb in his backyard_____________.
A. he was truthful about he had acquired the lamb but not about its color.
B. Dimitri admitted that the lamb could not be his wife’s
C. it was clear that the lamb had been dyed black.
D. it started to rain before Dimitri had time to identify the lamb as his
Part Three
Grammar Focus
Module One Attributive Clause
一、基本概念
（一）定义
一个包含主谓结构的从句在主句中充当定语，修饰它前面的名词、代词等，该从句即定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，即关系代词或关系副词。
（二）分类
根据定语从句和先行词之间修饰与被修饰的密切程度，常把定语从句分为两种：
1、限制性定语从句——大多数定语从句对所修饰的先行词加以限制或特指，是先行词不可缺少的定语，这种定语从句即为限制性定语从句。这类定语从句与主句的关系十分密切，常与先行词之间不用逗号隔开，主从句常以一句译完。
2、非限制性定语从句——这种定语从句对所修饰词没有限制词义的作用，而是一种补充说明。从句和先行词之间的关系比较松散，形式上用逗号与主句相隔，主从句分开表达和翻译，定语从句只作主句信息的补充、附加说明。
He is the man who/that teaches maths.
他是教数学的。 （限制性）
He has a son, who teaches maths.
他有个儿子，（他）是教数学的。 （非限制性）
b. She is looking for the book which/that/X he bought with me.
他在找和我一起买的那本书。 （限制性）
She has a new book, which he bought with me.
他有本新书，是和我一起买的。 （非限制性）
二、用法指要
（一）限制性定语从句
1、构成 ：
… the + 先行词 + 关系代词/关系副词引导的定语从句 ……
2、关系词的基本用法
1）先行词指人时，用关系代词who, whom, that, whose。
2）先行词指物时，用关系代词which, that, whose（=of which）。
由此可知，关系代词that的先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。因此，当表示表示人和物的名词一起作先行词时，关系代词只能用that。
I still remember the volunteers and the activities that he mentioned in class.
3）先行词表示从句动作的时间、地点或原因状语时，分别用关系副词when, where, why。
4）在定语从句中充当宾语的关系代词一般可以省略。
现场操练: 用正确的关系词填空（答案可能不止一个）。
1) How is the tree ___ we planted last week
2) I don’t know the woman ___ teaches them computer science.
3) Have you read the plan ___ he made for the travel
4) She lost the photo ___ was shown in class yesterday.
5) How do like the bar ___ we were shown around yesterday
6) That is the bar ___ he was given the first job in Shenzhen.
7) I have never been to the bar ___ name is POP.
8) He didn’t fill in the form the year ___ he was born.
9) She enjoyed the day ___ she spent on the farm with us.
10) What is the reason ___ he didn’t go to the lecture
11) We were taken to the lab ___ they were doing an experiment.
12) They have found the photo ___ the client referred to at the court.
13) Is this the pen ___ point is broken
注意：
1) 关系代词的难点——whose的先行词指代事物时的用法
I am familiar with the bedroom whose window is broken.
= I am familiar with the bedroom of which the window is broken.
= I am familiar with the bedroom the window of which is broken.
2). 关系副词和关系代词的转换
现场操练：
将下列定语从句中的关系副词转换为“介词 + which”句型。
1)… the day when (=___ ____) he joined the party …
2)… the week when (=___ ____) he was left alone at home …
3)… the hotel where (=___ ___) he stayed…
4)… the situation where (=___ ____) we can use this expression …
5)… the reason why (=___ ___) he refused to work on …
3、难点突破
难点一 ：关系代词和关系副词的辨析
1)… the factory ____ he worked …
… the factory ____ he visited …
2)… the day ____ he was praised …
… the day ____ he still remembers …
3)… the reason ____ he came late …
… the reason ____ he gave for coming late …
结论：
1.关系代词充当从句的主语、宾语或定语，起代词的作用。
2.关系副词充当从句的状语，表示时间、地点或原因，起副词的作用。
难点二 ：关系代词which、that的区别：
现场操练：
Who is the man ___ is talking with her
Which is the book ___ you bought yesterday
That is the best movie ___ I have ever seen this year.
Oh, that’s the very thing ___ I’m looking for.
There is nothing in today’s paper ___ you’ll find interesting.
The teachers and their hobbies ___ we used to care for have become unimportant to me.
That is all ___ I want to tell you.
He is the only person ___ I want to talk to.
Little has been discussed ___ he thought was right.
Tom is not the boy ___ he was.
小结：
1、关系代词只能用that的情形:
1）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；
2）先行词被the very, the only, just, right等修饰时；
3）先行词为all, everything, something, anything, nothing, few, little, much等不定代词时；
4）表示人和物的名词一起充当先行词时；
5）问句中的关系代词用that（以免重复）。
6）当关系词在定语从句中作表语时用that。
2、关系代词只能用which的情形：
1）在介词后；
2）非限制性定语从句中；
3）指代前面整个主句时。
难点三 ：定语从句中介词的位置和关系词的关系
现场操练：
1）That’s the hotel ___ we are going to stay at.
2）That’s the hotel at ___ we are going to stay.
小结：关系代词充当定语从句中介词宾语时，介词既可后置，也可前置。但前置时，关系代词只能用宾格(which/whom)。
难点四 ：特殊的关系代词
… the same + 先行词 + as引导的定语从句
… such/so … + 先行词 + as引导的定语从句
… the way + in which/that/X + 定语从句
现场操练：用正确的关系词填空。
Is that the way ___ you talk to your parents
Such a careless mistake ___ you made yesterday has to be corrected.
I have read the same book ___ Mary is reading.
Have you ever seen so tall a tree ___ the one in front of the room
I know such gentlemen ___ you carry only large notes.
（二）非限制性定语从句
1、主要用法
1）关系代词严格使用其主格、宾格形式。that不能用于非限制性定语从句中。
现场操练：
He’s got a good father, ___ works in a bank.
His mother, ___ he loves dearly, has fallen ill in hospital.
We came to a village, ___ we had visited twice.
2）“数词 + 介词（短语）+ 关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句。
He has three sisters, two of whom are lawyers.
We came to a school, in front of which lies a wide river.
She talked a lot, all of which had nothing to do with the topic.
Edison, for whom money was no problem, cared little for money.
3）非限制性定语从句可以指代整个主句，由which或as引导从句。此时的定语从句放在主句后面时，既可用which也可用as。但若从句前置或位于主句中间时，只能用as。用which引导定语从句时，主从句之间常含有因果关系。
主句，+ which/as 定语从句.
As定从，+ 主句.
现场操练：
用which或as填空。
1) ___ is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.
2) Taiwan is a part of China, ___ is known to all.
3) I shall never forget the days ___ I lived with the soldiers, ___ has a great effect on my life.
2、常见误区
误用关系词。
W: He still remembers the men and books which interested him.
R: He still remembers the men and books that interested him.
把what误以为是关系代词。
W: Please tell me all what you have seen.
W: All what can be done has been done.
在定语从句中，添加了多余的宾语或状语。
W: He lost the book he had borrowed it from the library.
W: Yesterday we visited the factory where his sister worked there.
因缺乏语感，在主句后误用普通句代替了定语从句。
W: He made quite a few mistakes, half of them are spelling mistakes.
省略了从句中作主语的关系代词。
W: Children ^ eat much sugar often have bad teeth.
(缺少关系代词who, 在从句中充当主语)
6）缺少先行词。
W: This is ^ who everybody respects.
R: This is the person/ man who everybody respects.
W: Is this book which/that/X you bought
R: Is this book the one you bought
定语从句的谓语动词与先行词不一致。
W: The woman who teach us English is Ms. Li.
W: This is one of the houses that is available now.
8）某些固定动词短语中的介词前置与关系代词。
W: The baby after whom the nurse looks is healthy.
R: The baby whom the nurse looks after is healthy.
(该短语look after不可拆开)
三、考查重点
定语从句关系词的用法和区别。
I have reached a point in my life _____ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
答案：
“介词 + 关系词”引导的定语从句。
By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ______ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which
答案：
非限制性定语从句中which和as的区别。
The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
答案：
分隔定语从句。
Occasions are quite rare _____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. Who B. which C. why D. when
答案：
定语从句和what从句的区别。
The thought of going back home was _____ kept him happy while he was working abroad.
A. that B. all that C. all what D. which
答案：
四、高考实录
1. A person _____ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
2. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company.
A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this
3. Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
4. She’ll never forget her stay there _____ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
5. I have reached a point in my life _____ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
6. —What do you think of teaching, Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ____ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
7. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
8. A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.
A. how B. whom C. when D. which
9. Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
10. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
11. Life is like a long race _____ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
12. My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
13. The house I grew up ______ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
14. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
15. Whenever I met her, ______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who B. which C. when D. that
16. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ______ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which
17. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.
most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that
18. The Science Museum, _____ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
19. Occasions are quite rare _____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. （2008山东卷）
A. who B. which C. why D. when
20. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
A. where B. when C. who D. which
21. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _____ was more than we could expect.
A. it B. what C. which D. that
22. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on purpose.
A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which
23. The man pulled out a gold watch, _____ were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of D. the hands of which
24. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _____ New York is an example.
A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which
25. Yesterday she sold her car, _____ she bought a month ago.
A. whom B. where C. that D. which
26. I’ll give you your friend’s home address, _____ I can be reached most evenings.
A. which B. when C. whom D. where
27. They will fly to Washington, _____ they plan to stay for two or three days.
A. where B. there C. which D. when
28. We went through a period _____ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which
29. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
30. —Where did you get to know her
—It was on the farm _____ we worked.
A. that B. there C. which D. where
31. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _____ wanted to buy it.
A. none of them B. both of them
C. none of whom D. neither of whom
32. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____ are healthy.
A. that B. which C. what D. whom
33. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _____ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
34. He was educated at the local high school, _____ he went on to Beijing University.
A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that
35. After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
36. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _____ they learn simple games and songs.
A. then B. there C. while D. where
37. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
A. which B. as C. why D. where
38. The thought of going back home was _____ kept him happy while he was working abroad．
A. that B. all that C. all what D. which
39. It is reported that two schools，_____ are being built in my hometown，will open next year.
A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which
40. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, _____ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.
A. that B. which C. who D. where
五、创新演练
1. I don’t like the _____ you speak to her.
A. way B. way of which C. way how D. way in that
2. The tree, the branches _____ are almost bare, is a very old one.
A. whose B. in which C. on which D. of which
3. Do you remember the name of the company _____ you visited last fall
A. where B. what C. 不填 D. to which
4. We’re familiar with Thomas Edison, _____ who invented the electric light and many other things.
A. man B. a man C. the men D. the man
5. This is the third time _____ here.
A. when I was B. that I have been C. which I have been D. I will be
6. His home town is still the same _____ it used to be.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
7. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. which C. whom D. to whom
8. This reminded me of the days _____ we spent along the seashore very happily.
A. when B. where C. which D. who
9. Do you know the girl _____
A. whom he often talk B. he often talks to
C. to who he often talks D. so that he often talks
10. It is our parents _____ we depend when we are in trouble.
A. whoever B. whomever C. on whom D. in which
11. Is this museum ____ some German friends visited the day before yesterday
A. which B. that C. the one D. where
12. They stayed with me three weeks, _____ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which
13. It was in that house _____ he used to live _____ the secret meeting was held.
A. where; where B. that; that C. what; where D. where; that
14. Jack is _____who knows how to work out the problem.
A. one of the boys B. the only one of the boy
C. not one of the boys D. the only one of the boys
15. It is getting better in Wuhan, _____ is usual.
A. and B. it C. as D. that
16. We will never forget the days _____ we lived through happily together in the mountain village.
A. when B. which C. where D. on which
17. Which of the two sheep _____ you keep produces more milk
A. that B. which C. what D. they
18. You must give the wallet back _____ it belongs to.
A. to whom B. whom C. to one D. to a person who
19. I, ____ your friend, will try my best to help you.
A. that is B. which am C. who is D. who am
20. Do you know anything about the accident _____ in the street yesterday
A. happened B. happening
C. that happened D. which was happened
21. The great trouble he ____ show us how to run the machine _____ him completely tired.
A. took to; made B. takes to; make
C. took; make D. take to; to make
22. Not only _____ the car he _____ been sold by his son for gambling debts but also his new house.
A. x, has B. has, had C. has, has D. was, has
23. The theory he’s stuck _____ us that earthquakes can be forecast.
A. to prove to B. to proves to C. proves to D. which proved
24. Next month, _____ you will be in your hometown, is coming.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
25. He is no longer the man _____ he was ten years ago.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
26. A harvester is either a machine _____ we get in crops or a person _____ is harvesting.
A. which; who B. which; that C. with it; who D. with which; that
27. He is such a good teacher _____ the students all respect him.
A. as B. who

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