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阅读表达解题技巧
阅读表达所提的问题中,一般疑问句的提问方式频率很低,有时完全删掉,“wh-疑问词”开头的特殊疑问句越来越多,意味着对文章理解要求越来越高。复习备考中,考生要切实提高阅读理解能力和表达能力。平时练习中要通过精读完全理解文章。
解题基本步骤
1. 先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。
2. 细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。
3. 复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。
注意事项
1. 答题有据，避免主观。
2. 符合原文的答案 ＝ 正确答案 ≠ 最佳答案
3. 解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己方法或，实践出真知，多练出效益。
考点突破·考法探究
阅读表达要求根据文章内容回答问题,主要是针对文章中的细节进行提问。
方法1　根据关键信息定位
大部分阅读表达题都可以在阅读材料中找到与答案相关的关键信息,可能是一个词或短语,也可能是一个句子或若干句子。做这类题时,一般先确定题干关键词,再根据关键词在文中定位关键信息。
例　The population of the world continues to increase, but in some areas the population is falling. This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. In Russia, the population is going down by about 100people EVERY HOUR! Russia's population could fall by ONE THIRD by the year 2050! And in Poland(波兰)the population is also going down because people are leaving to work in other countries.
One of the main reasons is a change of lifestyle. All over Europe, people, especially educated women, have a different attitude(态度) to children from their parents. “I have one child and she is enough for me,” said Galina Tereschkova, a doctor from Moscow. “My husband and I both work full-time. We can't imagine having more than one child.”Many women decide to have children later in life or not to have children at all.“I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years,” said a 19-year-old student Hana Markova from Prague. Her opinion is typical of 18~24-year-old women everywhere in Europe.
How many children does Galina Tereschkova want to have
解题思路 本题Galina Tereschkova和children为关键词,根据人名定位到第二段。由她说的话“I have one child and she is enough for me”可知,她想要一个孩子。
答案 One.
一、细节理解题
一般来说，阅读表达的前几道都属于细节题，能从文中直接找到答案，做题步骤如下：
Step 1 画出问题中的关键词——疑问词、人物、事件等重要信息；
Step 2 使用关键词到文中定位，找到对应句，画出来；
Step 3 根据问题疑问词和人称，转换对应句——人称转换；谓语动词调整；句首单词首字
母大写等。
“关键信息定位+转换”法
Working Out through Online Videos
Physical exercise is good for our mind, body and spirit. Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular.（题1）Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy for us to do so. That means we can work out anytime anywhere.
Which way to work out is becoming very popular today
答案：Working out through online videos.
（问题和对应句都是“主系表”结构，原句的主语对应问题的疑问词组which way，可直接作为回答）
... Another friend of mine, Michael, told me that workout videos let him feel so comfortable.“I have a fear of working out at the gym（健身房）, because I don’t like being watched by others（题2 ）. Working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable,” he said.
2.Why does Michael dislike working out at the gym
答案：Because he doesn’t like being watched by others.
（问题的疑问词是why，回答应是because引导的句子；问题与原文人称不同，回答需要作相应调整）
“Without being with someone in person,you will be less willing（愿意的）to work out to your best（题3）. Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder,” my sister said to me. “Well, if you really want to have a try, first, choose proper programs or videos.That’s very important. And then ask your friends for advice. Their experiences can give you a good insight into what you can expect.Anyway, don’t be addicted（沉迷的） to it. You should try different ways to work out to be healthy.”
3.What is the problem of working out without someone else in person
答案：People will be less willing to work out to their best.
（原文对应句是直接引语，回答时要进行人称转换）
方法2　转换人称
　　阅读表达的文章的人称有时候是第三人称,有时候是第一人称。但是题目一般设置第三人称,就需要在作答时进行人称转换。如果原文是第一人称,回答应该改为第三人称,谓语动词结合时态进行相应变化;如果原文是第三人称,回答的主语也需要根据实际情况使用相应的人称代词,不可再用名词作主语。
例 (原文同方法1)
What does Hana Markova want to do before she has children
__________________________________________________
解题思路 根据关键词Hana Markova找到第二段倒数第二句,由“I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years”可知她的想法。回答时注意用第三人称She作主语,不能直接抄原句。
答案 She wants to work for at least 10 years.
方法3开放性问答题
此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。
开放性的问题使考生跳出了一定的限制范围,有利于体现创造性思维。考生在平时要多思考生活,关注社会和国内外问题,中考时方可写出具有自己个性、言简意赅且合情合理的句子。
阅读表达的最后一题为开放题，此题共4分：第一问1分；第二问逻辑自洽得2分，句子没有表达错误再得1分。可借助原文信息来解答这种题型，步骤如下：
Step 1 认真审题，画出关键词。
Step 2 表达自己的观点。看清问题是一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句（1分）。
一般疑问句：Would you like to.../Do you think.../Do you agree.../Are you going to...？
（回答Yes/No.）
特殊疑问句：What do you think of.../Who...？（回答具体内容）
Step 3 借鉴原文内容，给出理由支撑自己的观点（看清要求写几个理由或字数限制）；逻辑自洽（该理由需支持自己前面给出的观点）（2分）。
Step 4 检查：首字母大写，句式完整性，语法、拼写正确（1分）
借助原文信息法
Working Out through Online Videos
Physical exercise is good for our mind, body and spirit. Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular. Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy for us to do so.That means we can work out anytime anywhere.（支持Yes答法的内容①）Another friend of mine, Michael, told me that work out videos let him feel so comfortable. “I have a fear of working out at the gym（健身房）, because I don’t like being watched by others. Working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable（支持Yes答法的内容②）,” he said.
“Without being with someone in person, you will be less willing（愿意的） to work out to your best. Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder,”my sister said to me. ...
... Compared with going to the gym, using online videos to work out is a much cheaper and time-saving choice.（支持Yes答法的内容③）But it can be difficult sometimes when I’m too lazy or too busy to stick to it.（支持No答法的内容③）
1.Would you like to follow online videos to work out Why or why not （please give two reasons）
Yes.①Because it allows me to work out anytime anywhere ②without being watched by others at the gym. ③Besides, working out through online videos is much cheaper and time-saving.
No. ①Because I will be less willing to work out to my best ②and I won’t get advice in real time or get pushed harder. ③Sometimes I can be too lazy or too busy to stick to it.
2.What do you think of working out through online videos Why （please give two reasons）
答案：I think it is（not） a good idea.（原因同上）
一
[2024长沙二模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Talking about Hunan Province, what comes to your mind first Unquestionably, most answers are Hunan dishes, which are called Xiang dishes.
Hunan dishes, with a history of more than two thousand years, are famous for their spicy taste. It is one of China’s eight great cuisines.
Chili peppers（辣椒） are the most important and popular part of Hunan dishes. They were introduced from South America in the late 1580s. Since then, they have won the hearts of Hunan people.
While Sichuan dishes are famous for their classic numbing and hot（麻辣） taste, Hunan dishes are known for being “hot”. Hunan people invented many ways to cook chili peppers. For example, they cut fresh chili peppers into small pieces and mix them with salt, and they use the chopped pepper（剁椒） to steam（蒸） fish heads. Then it has become a classic dish around the world.
Some say Hunan people love chilies because they can help people get used to the damp（潮湿的） weather. The chili can drive away the dampness in one’s body. Chili has now become a part of Hunan culture. It is believed that the chili and the personality（个性） of Hunan people have something in common. Usually described as direct, brave and hard-working, Hunan people are famous for their “hot personalities”. It is clear that they would fall in love with chili peppers.
1．How long is the history of Hunan dishes
_____________________________________________________________________
2．When were chili peppers introduced into China
_____________________________________________________________________
3．What are Hunan dishes well-known for
_____________________________________________________________________
4．Can the chili help to reduce the dampness in one’s body
_____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of Hunan people
_____________________________________________________________________
本文是一篇说明文。湘菜以辛辣的味道而闻名，本文主要介绍了湘菜的历史，湖南人爱吃辣的原因及其与湖南人的性格的关系。
[答案]
1．More than two thousand years.
2．In the late 1580s.
3．They are well-known for being “hot”.
4．Yes（, it can）.
5．They are direct, brave and hard-working.
[解析]
1．根据第二段第一句可知，湘菜的历史有两千多年了。
2．根据第三段第二句可知，辣椒在十六世纪八十年代末被引入中国。
3．根据第四段第一句可知，湘菜以“辣”而闻名。
4．根据第五段第二句可知，辣椒能有助于减少身体中的湿气。
5．开放性问题，言之有理即可。
二
[2023郴州一模改编]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera.
Xian was born in Macao in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian had to move from place to place with his mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. At the beginning, his violin was so cheap and of poor quality that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop practicing and soon showed his talent. In 1929, he became the first Chinese student who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he left, Xian became the school’s best student and won several prizes for his talents.
In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he went to Yan’an to teach music at a college. Although there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including Yellow River Cantata, one of his most famous works.
In May 1940, Xian was sent to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for a documentary. In the Soviet Union, life was very hard. Xian got sick and later he died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40.
Xian Xinghai is such a great man and his music will live on in people’s hearts forever.
1．How many songs did Xian Xinghai write during his lifetime
_____________________________________________________________________
2．Was Xian Xinghai’s violin of poor quality at first
_____________________________________________________________________
3．Why did Xian Xinghai go to the Soviet Union
_____________________________________________________________________
4．How do you like Xian Xinghai
_____________________________________________________________________
5．请将画线句翻译成中文。
_____________________________________________________________________
本文是记叙文,介绍了中国著名音乐家冼星海的经历和他在音乐方面的成就。
[答案]
1．He wrote nearly 300 songs.
2．Yes.
3．To write music for a documentary.
4．Xian Xinghai is such a great man and his music will live on in people’s hearts forever.
5．由于父亲在他出生前就去世了，冼星海不得不跟着母亲四处搬迁。
[解析]
1．根据第一段最后一句可知，冼星海一生中写了近300首歌曲。
2．根据第二段第四句“At the beginning, his violin was so cheap and of poor quality that he could not play it well.”可知，开始的时候，他的小提琴质量很差。
3．根据第四段第一句中的“Xian was sent to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for a documentary”可知，冼星海被派往苏联为纪录片创作音乐。
4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。
三
[2024长沙二模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
There is a big difference between knowing another country from social media and experiencing it in person. This is what students from the US and China discovered during an eight-day exchange journey. From March 24 to 31, a group of 15 students from the US went on an educational and cultural exchange in China. For Micheal, a 15-year-old 10th grader, this was his first time going abroad. While in Beijing, Micheal bravely tried douzhi, a fermented（发酵的） bean juice. It is a challenge even for locals. However, he finished three bowls in a row. Besides Chinese food, Micheal also likes Chinese people because he thinks they are welcoming and open-minded.
“I tried out table tennis after classes ended, and the Chinese students played like professionals,” he said. “In the United States, students usually do sports through clubs and sports teams. Sports are more for fun here.”
The learning was two-sided. Li Weiyou, a 15-year-old student from Beijing No. 4 High School International Campus and also Micheal’s homestay partner, said, “Before I knew Micheal, I thought US students paid more attention to personal development than schoolwork. But to my surprise, Micheal does well in both,” Li said.
With technology and media developing quickly, teenagers can get information about other countries online easily. However, online searches show only a tiny part of the full story of cultural exchange. “If I hadn’t taken this trip, I wouldn’t have learned about the high school life of Chinese students,” said Micheal.
For Micheal, the week-long trip even influenced his further aspirations（抱负）. “I used to consider becoming a math teacher in the United States. Now, I’m dreaming about teaching English in Beijing or Shanghai in the near future.”
1．How long did the exchange journey last
_____________________________________________________________________
2．What does Micheal love about China
_____________________________________________________________________
3．Why was Li Weiyou surprised by Micheal
_____________________________________________________________________
4．What does Micheal want to do in the future
_____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of the exchange journey Why do you think so
_____________________________________________________________________
本文是一篇记叙文。在一个长达八天的中美交流活动中，两国的学生加深了对彼此的文化的了解。
[答案]
1．Eight days.
2．He loves Chinese food and Chinese people.
3．Micheal does well in both personal development and schoolwork.
4．He wants to teach English in Beijing or Shanghai in the near future.
5．I think it is meaningful because it can make students from foreign countries understand China better.
[解析]
1．根据第一段第二句可知交流之旅是八天。
2．根据第一段最后一句可知,迈克尔喜欢中国的美食和中国人。
3．根据第三段内容可知，李同学原以为美国学生更注重个人发展而不是功课，但是迈克尔在这两方面都做得很好。
4．根据文章最后一段迈克尔的话可知，他梦想着不久的将来在北京或上海教英语。
5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。
四
[2024长沙一模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Do you have a sweet tooth Are you a fan of chocolate If you are answering “yes” to both of these questions, then the Lindt Home of Chocolate should be a good place for you to go.
The Lindt Home of Chocolate is the world’s largest chocolate museum. It is in Zurich, Switzerland. It was first opened to the public in September 2020. If you are looking to take some great photos at the museum, look no further than the chocolate fountain（喷泉）. The fountain is over nine meters high. Around 1,500 kilograms of melted（融化的） chocolate is flowing through it. To the disappointment of chocolate lovers, they can enjoy the fountain but they are not allowed to put their hands into it.
In addition to the fountain, the museum offers many other things. The exhibitions（展览） introduce the history of chocolate to visitors. Along the way, there are plenty of tasting chances. The museum even has a space for chocolate-making classes. Visitors can learn to design and make their own chocolate there.
Switzerland is known for its high-quality chocolate. In the eyes of the Swiss, this tasty brown food stands as a national pride. Almost everyone in the country takes chocolate seriously. The Lindt Home of Chocolate is expected to spread the love for chocolate.
1．Where is the Lindt Home of Chocolate
_____________________________________________________________________
2．How high is the chocolate fountain
_____________________________________________________________________
3．Can chocolate lovers put hands into the fountain
_____________________________________________________________________
4．What is the Lindt Home of Chocolate expected to do
_____________________________________________________________________
5．Would you like to visit the Lindt Home of Chocolate Why or why not
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士莲巧克力之家。
[答案]
1．In Zurich, Switzerland.
2．Over nine meters high.
3．No（, they can’t）.
4．To spread the love for chocolate.
5．Yes, I’d like to. Because I love chocolate./No, I don’t want to go there. Because I don’t like eating chocolate.
[解析]
1．根据第二段第一、二句可知，它位于瑞士苏黎世。
2．根据第二段中的“The fountain is over nine meters high.”可知喷泉九米多高。
3．根据第二段最后一句可知，巧克力爱好者不能把手伸进巧克力喷泉。
4．根据最后一段最后一句可知答案。
5．开放性问题，言之有理即可。
五
[2024岳阳二模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。
In China, the 24 solar terms（节气） were created thousands of years ago to guide farmers to work better. They also reflect China’s rich history through seasonal festivals, special food, cultural activities, family gatherings and even healthy living tips of each solar term.
Rain Water or Yushui is a symbol of the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, 1.草和树木又变成了绿色. This year, Rain Water starts on Feb. 19 and ends on Mar. 4.
There is an ancient Chinese saying, 2.“Rain during the springtime is as valuable as oil,” showing the importance of rain to plants and farming. Around this period, the most important thing for the farmers is timely irrigation（灌溉）, especially in northern China where rainfall is less.
It is an ancient Chinese tradition for married daughters to pay a visit to their parents during the day of Yushui. The traditional gifts are a piece of red silk which expresses the best wishes for the parents to have good health and a pot of stewed（炖） meat that shows their respect and gratitude（感激） to the parents for raising them as children. And this tradition is kept alive in many areas across China. Even though the spring is warmer during Rain Water, it is still a bit early to take off the heavy coat completely and ancient Chinese people said it would be better to keep your heavy coat on for a little longer in the spring because the cold air doesn’t totally fade away, especially for the elderly and children. For the Chinese, if Lichun is the beginning of the spring, Yushui is the second step to embrace（拥抱） the warm weather. With the rain, nature comes alive, filling the world with vitality（生机）.
1．将画线部分译成英文。
_____________________________________________________________________
2．将画线部分译成中文。
_____________________________________________________________________
3．What are the common gifts for daughters to bring to their parents during Yushui
_____________________________________________________________________
4．Should people take off the heavy coat completely during Rain Water Why or why not
_____________________________________________________________________
5．In your opinion, what does the solar term Rain Water symbolize
_____________________________________________________________________
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雨水这个节气。
[答案]
1．the grass and trees turn green again
2．春雨贵如油/春天的雨和油一样珍贵
3．A piece of red silk and a pot of stewed meat.
4．No（, they shouldn’t）. Because the cold air doesn’t totally fade away.
5．It is a symbol of /symbolizes the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.
[解析]
3．根据第四段的“The traditional gifts are a piece of red silk...and a pot of stewed meat...”可知，传统的礼物是一块红色的丝绸和一锅炖肉。
4．根据“it would be better to keep your heavy coat on for a little longer in the spring because the cold air doesn’t totally fade away”可知春天最好穿厚外套，因为冷空气还没完全消退。
5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。
六
[2024长沙一模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
The Sydney Opera House is one of the most famous buildings in Australia. This summer holiday, I got the chance to visit it and found out what made this building so great. As our guide told us, the Sydney Opera House was built with a kind of “self-cleaning” material.
First, we visited the Drama Theatre. We learned about the designer of the Sydney Opera House—J rn Utzon. He was the winner of an international design competition. However, he designed the Opera House according to his own tastes, which caused several problems. The project was completed 10 years late. The cost of the building was higher than the budget（预算）. Utzon didn’t get to see the building after it was built.
Then, we visited the Joan Sutherland Theatre which is the second largest indoor venue（会场） in the Opera House. The theater was refurbished（翻新） in 2017 with new high-tech equipment（设备）. Finally, we arrived at the largest theater—the Concert Hall. It has hosted many kinds of performances, from classical to rock music.
Before we finished the tour, the guide told us the rest of Utzon’s story. In 1966, Utzon had an argument with the government and refused to give in. He had to leave the country. It was a hard time in his life. But many years later, people understood him and saw the building as one of the most popular works.
From this tour, I learned that the Opera House is not only a famous building but a carrier of history and culture.
1．What was the Sydney Opera House built with
_____________________________________________________________________
2．Did the Sydney Opera House cost more than expected
_____________________________________________________________________
3．When was the Joan Sutherland Theatre refurbished
_____________________________________________________________________
4．Why did J rn Utzon leave Australia
_____________________________________________________________________
5．How does the writer like the Sydney Opera House
_____________________________________________________________________
本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者参观澳大利亚的悉尼歌剧院的旅程。
[答案]
1．A kind of “self-cleaning” material.
2．Yes./Yes, it did.
3．In 2017.
4．Because he had an argument with the government and refused to give in.
5．It is not only a famous building but a carrier of history and culture.
[解析]
1．根据第一段最后一句可知，悉尼歌剧院是用一种“自洁”材料建造的。
2．根据第二段倒数第二句可知，建筑花费远远超出预算。
3．根据第三段第二句可知，该剧场于2017年重新装修。
4．根据第四段第二、三句可知，1966年，Utzon与政府发生争执，拒绝让步。故他不得不离开澳大利亚。
5．根据最后一段可知，从这次旅行中，作者了解到悉尼歌剧院不仅是一座著名的建筑，而且是历史和文化的载体。
七
（2024广东）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。
Reading a good book is a wonderful journey because the reader can live in someone else's world for a while. Reading together with others, known as buddy（同伴） reading, will make this journey even more fantastic. During the journey, the buddies spend time doing a lot of reading activities. This not only adds to the pleasure of reading, but also deepens their understanding of the books.
Although it is all right to have students join in buddy reading with same-aged schoolmates, schools usually pair up older students with younger ones. In 2021, Green School started such a program and has achieved a great success.
Both younger and older readers in this school have learned a lot from this two-year program. For example, when they listened to each other, they learned to be kind and patient. This experience also provided them with a chance to practice lifelong skills such as exercising leadership or communicating with others. A student called Jason said that reading to a younger buddy was really helpful. He became more confident, as he knew he was a role model for someone.
The school also became a closer community. The reading buddies felt more connected as they often met each other. The students were always excited when they saw their buddies pass by in the hallway.
Now summer vacation is coming. It's a great time to get into books. Why not pair up with a friend, choose a book you both like and read it together
1．What is buddy reading
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．How do schools usually pair up buddies
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．How long did the reading program in Green School last
____________________________________________________________________
4．Why did Jason think the program was helpful
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
5．What benefit did the school get from the program
____________________________________________________
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是共读以及共读的好处。
[答案]
1．Reading together with others./Reading together with others is （known as） buddy reading.
2．By pairing up older students with younger ones.或Schools/They usually pair up older students with younger ones.
3．（For） 2 years.或It/The program lasted （for） 2 years.
4．Because he became more confident（as he knew he was a role model for someone）.
5．The school/It became a closer community.
[解析]
1．根据第一段第二句可知答案。
2．根据第二段第一句可知答案。
3．根据第三段第一句中“this two-year program”可知，Green School的共读项目持续了两年。
4．根据第三段最后两句可知答案。
5．根据第四段第一句可知答案。
八
（2023广东）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
Dreams may make you smart. This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams. What is a dream exactly Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your new experiences with the old memories（记忆）. As your brain connects things, it turns them into a story, and then you get a dream. Dreams may help you deal with worries and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become less painful. And you will feel better after waking up. Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn. This idea is supported by a study. So scientists advise you not to stay up all night studying, especially when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks. Dreams may make you more creative, too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream, and wrote it down as soon as he woke up. However, dreams alone can't bring about creativity. In fact, the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream. In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play.
1．Who discovered that dreams may make you smart
_____________________________________________________________________
2．When does the brain review your experiences in the day
________________________
3．Where does the brain replay the painful memories
____________________________
4．What might help you get higher marks according to the passage
__________________
5．Which matters more for creativity, hard work or dreams
____________
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了梦形成的过程以及做梦给我们带来的好处。
[答案]
1．Scientists who do research on dreams （discovered it）.
2．During sleep time.
3．In a safe dream space.
4．A sweet dream.
5．Hard work.
[解析]
1．根据第一段第二句可知答案。
2．根据第二段第二句可知答案。
3．根据第三段第三句可知答案。
4．根据第四段最后一句可知答案。
5．根据最后一段最后一句可知答案。
九
（2024·北京朝阳·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
School Life Made Easier
Making school life simpler and more convenient is becoming a reality with the use of technology, especially in China where many schools are using inventions like AI.
One example is a school in Tianjin, which uses a smart campus (校园) system (系统) from a tech company. In classes, students get hands-on experience using simulation (模拟) devices and VR glasses, exploring rocket launches and the structure inside rockets through fun and interactive (互动的) learning. Similarly, in swimming classes, “By wearing smart earphones, they can receive real-time instructions from the coach underwater, making sure it’s safe, ” Li Rui, the school’s vice-principal, told CCTV.
At a school in Anhui, technology is improving PE classes. Self-testing tools with AI visual analysis (可视化分析) technology are used for activities like running, jumping, sit-ups, and skipping rope. A facial recognition system records students’ faces, allowing them to receive performance results immediately after each exercise. “Before, when I threw the shot put (铅球), the teacher had to use a ruler to measure the distance. Now, the results are produced automatically (自动地). You can also see which parts of your exercise need improvements, with the teacher then helping to guide you to make those improvements, ” said Wu Shengguo from the school.
Besides China, smart campus technologies are getting popularity. A university in Australia uses an app, allowing students to visualize the human heart in 3D．This tool helps students understand the heart’s different parts and blood flow.
Universities worldwide are also using AI to create helpful digital assistants (助手). A college in the UK introduced a chat robot. It provides students with information about attendance records, courses, and class timetables, making it easier for students to manage their school lives.
Smart campuses are not just about “smart” learning；they are changing how students learn, study, and interact with their schools. These technologies are making education more interesting and convenient for students all over the world.
1．What technology does the school in Tianjin use from the tech company
2．When can students at the school in Anhui receive performance results in PE classes
3．How does the chat robot make it easier for students of the college in the UK to manage their school lives
4．Would you like to study in a smart campus Why or why not (Please give two reasons.)
【答案】1．A smart campus system. 2．They can receive performance results immediately after each exercise. 3．By providing students with information about attendance records, courses, and class timetables. 4．Yes, I’d like to. Because it makes our studies more interesting and convenient. (开放性试题，言之有理即可。)
【导语】本文主要介绍了科技使学校生活更简单和便捷。
1．根据“One example is a school in Tianjin, which uses a smart campus (校园) system (系统) from a tech company.”可知，天津的一所学校使用了一家科技公司的智能校园系统。故填A smart campus system.
2．根据“A facial recognition system records students’ faces, allowing them to receive performance results immediately after each exercise.”可知，安徽的学校的学生在体育课上在每次练习后立即获得成绩。故填They can receive performance results immediately after each exercise.
3．根据“A college in the UK introduced a chat robot. It provides students with information about attendance records, courses, and class timetables, making it easier for students to manage their school lives.”可知，聊天机器人通过提供有关出勤记录、课程和上课时间表的信息来让英国学院的学生更容易管理他们的学校生活。故填By providing students with information about attendance records, courses, and class timetables.
4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。我愿意在智慧校园学习。因为它使我们的学习更加有趣和方便。故填Yes, I’d like to. Because it makes our studies more interesting and convenient.
十
（2024·北京东城·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
My husband, Tyler, and I decided to raise a guide dog puppy (幼犬). After attending several meetings with Anina Green, the guide dog club leader, I eagerly signed up to become a raiser and patiently waited for the arrival of my puppy. Then, one day, Anina informed me that I would get my puppy on April 27.
That day, Tyler and I went to Anina’s house. In the kitchen, we saw the puppy, Escort, sleeping on the floor. Holding him for the first time was magical. He was so soft and sleepy—and huge! Escort was larger than a lot of full-grown dogs.
We attended a weekly puppy kindergarten to learn how to train Escort. From the time we got the puppy until he was about 6 months old, he was on a leash (牵引绳). When we were watching TV on the sofa or brushing teeth, the leash was always in our hands. During the first eight weeks, Tyler and I mostly stayed at home, taught Escort orders, and held his leash.
The guide dog club is really like a family—a family with a lot of wonderful, well-behaved dogs. We traveled to various places together with these dogs. Escort’s first group outing was a trip to tour the city museum. We also went to a shopping mall, a baseball game, a fire station, and the airport to practice going through security. With all the help from our club, Escort went from a sleepy little puppy to a dependable companion (伙伴) when he was 8 months old.
When Escort was one year old, he could walk with a perfect loose (松的) leash, follow our orders and always make the right choices. It was time for us to drop him off at the Guide Dogs for the Blind campus to go through more formal (正式的) guide training and get matched with someone who needed him. We had fallen in love with the puppy and couldn’t bear giving him away, but we had to say goodbye to him.
When I see pictures of Escort with the woman he has been placed with, I feel very happy. It doesn’t hurt that he’s not with me—seeing him going on adventures with his new owner every day makes it all worth it. The thought that he will improve her life makes me very proud.
1．What was Escort like when the writer first saw him
2．What did the writer and her husband do during the first eight weeks of raising Escort
3．How does the writer feel when she knows Escort can help his new owner
4．What do you think of the writer and her husband Why do you think so (Please give two reasons.)
【答案】1．He was soft, sleepy, and huge. 2．They mostly stayed at home, taught Escort orders, and held his leash. 3．Happy and proud. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案：They are kind. Because they are kind to the dog and treat him like a companion.
【导语】本文主要讲述作者和丈夫养一只导盲犬的经历。
1．根据第二段中的“In the kitchen, we saw the puppy, Escort, sleeping on the floor. Holding him for the first time was magical. He was so soft and sleepy—and huge!”可知，作者第一次见到Escort时，他是柔软的，昏昏欲睡的并且巨大的。故填He was soft, sleepy, and huge.
2．根据第三段中的“During the first eight weeks, Tyler and I mostly stayed at home, taught Escort orders, and held his leash.”可知，在最初的八个星期里，作者和丈夫大部分时间都呆在家里，教他命令，并牵着他的牵引绳。故填They mostly stayed at home, taught Escort orders, and held his leash.
3．根据最后一段“When I see pictures of Escort with the woman he has been placed with, I feel very happy.…The thought that he will improve her life makes me very proud.”可知，当作者知道Escort可以帮助他的新主人时，她感到高兴和自豪。故填Happy and proud.
4．开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案：They are kind. Because they are kind to the dog and treat him like a companion.
十一
（2024·北京西城·一模）The summer of 2023 saw record-breaking heatwaves across many parts of the world. As temperatures continue to rise, the effect of carbon emissions (碳排放) on the environment has become a big problem. Studies show the travel industry is responsible for about 10% of these emissions, with air travel alone causing about 2. 8% of them.
To address this problem, Intrepid—a travel company, has suggested a “carbon passport” in its recent report. The idea behind it is that each traveler would have a yearly carbon limit, and nobody can go over that limit. Using carbon passports means travelers will have to take fewer flights to lower their “carbon footprint”—the CO2 emissions from their actions. At present, the carbon footprint of each person is about four tons yearly on average (平均). To limit temperature rise to acceptable levels by 2050, our goal should be below two tons.
In line with this goal, some European countries are taking steps to reduce air travel. In France, local flights are canceled if the same trips can be made by train in 2. 5 hours or less. In Belgium, additional charges (收费) are added to short-distance flights to encourage other forms of travel.
Intrepid considers the idea of a “carbon passport” effective with more people involved in. Travelers will receive information about their carbon footprints and change their travel habits. And businesses will be pushed to use more green practices. Alex Hawkins, one of the writers of the report, says, “These passports will make us think more about how our trips influence the environment.”
When it comes to monitoring everyone’s carbon emission, Anna Abelson, a professor of the New York University thinks it would be a challenge in terms of logistics (统计). Even if we work that out, there are still some worries. For example, people might not be able to take jobs far away or visit family in other cities as often. Some even worry about privacy and personal freedom if we start monitoring and limiting people’s air travel.
“Getting everyone on board with carbon passports won’t be easy.” Hawkins added, “It would need support from lots of different people and groups all over the world.” However, even with the challenges, the idea of carbon passports shows the need for us to take action together to fight climate change and make travel eco-friendlier.
1．Which industry is responsible for about 10% of the world’s carbon emissions
2．What is the idea behind a “carbon passport”
3．How does France reduce air travel
4．What do you think of the idea of a “carbon passport” Why do you think so (Please give two reasons. )
【答案】1．The travel industry (is responsible for about 10% of these emissions). 2．The idea behind it is that each traveller would have a yearly carbon limit and nobody can go over that limit. 3．By cancelling local flights if the same trips can be made by train in 2.5 hours or less in France. 4．I think the idea of a “carbon passport” is good. Because it can help to reduce the carbon emissions and raise our spirit of protecting our Earth. (开放题，合理即可。)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍为了减少碳排放，一个旅游公司建议使用“碳护照”，很多国家也纷纷采取行动去减少航空旅行。
1．根据“As temperatures continue to rise, the effect of carbon emissions (碳排放) on the environment has become a big problem Studies show the travel industry is responsible for about 10% of these emissions”可知，旅游业会导致10%的碳排放。故填The travel industry (is responsible for about 10% of these emissions)。
2．根据“The idea behind it is that each traveler would have a yearly carbon limit, and nobody can go over that limit.”可知，其背后的想法是，每个旅行者每年都有一个碳排放上限，没有人可以超过这个上限。故填The idea behind it is that each traveller would have a yearly carbon limit and nobody can go over that limit。
3．根据“In France, local flights are canceled if the same trips can be made by train in 2. 5 hours or less. ”可知，在法国，如果乘坐火车可以在2.5小时或更少时间内完成相同的行程，则取消当地航班。故填By cancelling local flights if the same trips can be made by train in 2.5 hours or less in France.
4．根据上下文可知，“碳护照”的主意是好的。故填I think the idea of a “carbon passport” is good. Because it can help to reduce the carbon emissions and raise our spirit of protecting our Earth. (开放题，合理即可。)
十二
（2024·北京通州·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
It was 5:30 on a Saturday morning in August. It was quiet in Gabriel Silva’s house. Axel, their l-year-old family dog, jumped on Gabriel’s parents’ bed to wake them up. They guessed he needed to go outside.
But Axel wouldn’t go out. When Gabriel’s father opened the back door, Axel rushed toward Gabriel’s room. Inside, Gabriel was awake. He woke up around 5 a.m. and couldn’t feel anything in one of his arms. There, he lost his balance and fell on the floor.
Gabriel’s father followed Axel to his room. He told his father that he was trying to walk but the right side of his body could feel nothing. His father could hardly understand him. Gabriel’s speech was unclear. He drove Gabriel to a hospital. Doctors said that he was having a stroke (中风). It happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off.
Gabriel has got back his ability to speak and walk. The doctors treated Gabriel and said that Gabriel might have never recovered if Axel hadn’t made the family wake up that morning.
Gabriel said there were no warning signs before the stroke. One of Gabriel’s blood vessels had torn, the doctor said. The blood vessel was connected to Gabriel’s brain. The tear stopped blood from flowing to part of his brain. During a stroke, neurons (神经元) in the brain, which receive and send messages from the body to the brain, die from being short of blood.
Gabriel said he still didn’t have much feeling on the right side of his body. He learned to write and eat with his left hand. He took medicines every day and had special training two days per week. For now, Gabriel is being home-schooled. He hopes to return to high school in December.
Gabriel’s father said Axel didn’t finish watching over his son. Since Gabriel returned home, Axel followed him around the house and slept in his room. He seldom left his side. The doctor said Axel was worthy of a lot of credit (赞扬). “It’s amazing how immovable (不动摇的) a dog was when he knew something was going on.” he said.
1．Where did Axel go when Gabriel’s father opened the back door
2．When does a stroke happen
3．How did Axel watch over Gabriel after he returned home from hospital
4．Would you like to have a family dog like Axel Why or why not (Please give two reasons.)
【答案】1．He rushed toward Gabriel’s room. 2．It happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off. 3．He followed him around the house and slept in his room. He seldom left his side. 4．Yes. Because it is very helpful and sometimes it can even save people’s lives.
【导语】本文主要介绍了狗狗阿克塞尔发现小主人加布里埃尔中风，他聪明地让加布里埃尔的父母知道，并且在加布里埃尔回来之后，阿克塞尔也时刻照顾着小主人。
1．根据“When Gabriel’s father opened the back door, Axel rushed toward Gabriel’s room”可知当加布里埃尔的父亲打开后门时，阿克塞尔冲向加布里埃尔的房间。故填He rushed toward Gabriel’s room.
2．根据“It happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off.”可知当大脑部分的血液供应被切断时，就会发生中风。故填It happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off.
3．根据“Since Gabriel returned home, Axel followed him around the house and slept in his room”可知加布里埃尔回家后，阿克塞尔在家里跟着他，睡在他的房间里。故填He followed him around the house and slept in his room. He seldom left his side.
4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes. Because it is very helpful and sometimes it can even save people’s lives.
十三
（2024·北京大兴·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Reading with The Fingertips (指尖)
Louis Braille was born in France in 1809．When he was three, he injured an eye in an accident in his father’s workshop. The infection (感染) from the wound spread to his other eye. Within a year he couldn’t see anything. When he was ten, he was sent to a school for the blind. Students there learned by listening to their teachers.
One day, a visitor came to the school. His name was Charles Barbier. He was to have a great influence on Braille. Louis was then twelve years old. Barbier had invented a new way of writing. He had hoped the French army would adopt (采纳) his method. This writing was designed to be used at night. Soldiers could read it without showing a light. Barbier hoped the head of the school whose students lived their lives in darkness could use his way of writing.
Louis Braille stood out among those students. His mind was quick. He was eager to learn. The head of school invited him to meet the visitor. Barbier began to show how his writing worked. Braille’s interest was aroused. Barbier took a sheet of thick paper. Using a pointed instrument, he punched a series of holes to make raised dots (点) on the other side of the paper. These dots were grouped together in cells (单元格). The cells could be placed in any of twelve positions. Each group stood for a different sound. By running a fingertip over them, a person could read a message.
Braille was excited by Barbier’s invention. But he knew that it needed to be simpler. He started working on it at once. Instead of twelve positions for each unit, he decided to work with six. This let a reader make sense of the raised dots more quickly and easily.
Braille remained at the school all his life, He taught there. He also helped to print books that used his method. Braille was a very good musician. He showed people how to write music in his way.
Charles Barbier did not sell his method to the army. But he played a part in changing forever the way blind people read. Because of what he started and Louis Braille completed, people everywhere who cannot see are no longer limited by blindness.
1．What happened to Louis Braille when he was three
2．Who invented a new way of writing
3．How did Louis Braille make Barbier’s invention simpler
4．What do you think of Louis Braille Why do you think so
【答案】1．He injured an eye in an accident in his father’s workshop. 2．Charles Barbier. 3．Instead of twelve positions for each unit, he decided to work with six. 4．I think Louis Braille is a great person, because he gave the blind one more way to see the world.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了盲文的起源。
1．根据“When he was three, he injured an eye in an accident in his father’s workshop.”可知，当他三岁的时候，他在父亲车间的一次事故中伤了一只眼睛，故填He injured an eye in an accident in his father’s workshop.
2．根据“Barbier had invented a new way of writing.”可知，Charles Barbier发明了一种新的写作方式，故填Charles Barbier.
3．根据“Instead of twelve positions for each unit, he decided to work with six.”可知，他决定用6个位置代替每个单元的12个位置，故填Instead of twelve positions for each unit, he decided to work with six.
4．开放性题目，合理即可。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)阅读表达解题技巧
阅读表达所提的问题中,一般疑问句的提问方式频率很低,有时完全删掉,“wh-疑问词”开头的特殊疑问句越来越多,意味着对文章理解要求越来越高。复习备考中,考生要切实提高阅读理解能力和表达能力。平时练习中要通过精读完全理解文章。
1. 先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。
2. 细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。
3. 复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。
注意事项
1. 答题有据，避免主观。
2. 符合原文的答案 ＝ 正确答案 ≠ 最佳答案
3. 解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己方法或，实践出真知，多练出效益。
考点突破·考法探究
阅读表达要求根据文章内容回答问题,主要是针对文章中的细节进行提问。
方法1　根据关键信息定位
大部分阅读表达题都可以在阅读材料中找到与答案相关的关键信息,可能是一个词或短语,也可能是一个句子或若干句子。做这类题时,一般先确定题干关键词,再根据关键词在文中定位关键信息。
例　The population of the world continues to increase, but in some areas the population is falling. This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. In Russia, the population is going down by about 100people EVERY HOUR! Russia's population could fall by ONE THIRD by the year 2050! And in Poland(波兰)the population is also going down because people are leaving to work in other countries.
One of the main reasons is a change of lifestyle. All over Europe, people, especially educated women, have a different attitude(态度) to children from their parents. “I have one child and she is enough for me,” said Galina Tereschkova, a doctor from Moscow. “My husband and I both work full-time. We can't imagine having more than one child.”Many women decide to have children later in life or not to have children at all.“I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years,” said a 19-year-old student Hana Markova from Prague. Her opinion is typical of 18~24-year-old women everywhere in Europe.
How many children does Galina Tereschkova want to have
一般来说，阅读表达的前几道都属于细节题，能从文中直接找到答案，做题步骤如下：
Step 1 画出问题中的关键词——疑问词、人物、事件等重要信息；
Step 2 使用关键词到文中定位，找到对应句，画出来；
Step 3 根据问题疑问词和人称，转换对应句——人称转换；谓语动词调整；句首单词首字
母大写等。
“关键信息定位+转换”法
Working Out through Online Videos
Physical exercise is good for our mind, body and spirit. Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular.（题1）Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy for us to do so. That means we can work out anytime anywhere.
Which way to work out is becoming very popular today
... Another friend of mine, Michael, told me that workout videos let him feel so comfortable.“I have a fear of working out at the gym（健身房）, because I don’t like being watched by others（题2 ）. Working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable,” he said.
2.Why does Michael dislike working out at the gym
“Without being with someone in person,you will be less willing（愿意的）to work out to your best（题3）. Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder,” my sister said to me. “Well, if you really want to have a try, first, choose proper programs or videos.That’s very important. And then ask your friends for advice. Their experiences can give you a good insight into what you can expect.Anyway, don’t be addicted（沉迷的） to it. You should try different ways to work out to be healthy.”
3.What is the problem of working out without someone else in person
方法2　转换人称
　　阅读表达的文章的人称有时候是第三人称,有时候是第一人称。但是题目一般设置第三人称,就需要在作答时进行人称转换。如果原文是第一人称,回答应该改为第三人称,谓语动词结合时态进行相应变化;如果原文是第三人称,回答的主语也需要根据实际情况使用相应的人称代词,不可再用名词作主语。
例 (原文同方法1)
What does Hana Markova want to do before she has children
__________________________________________________
此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。
开放性的问题使考生跳出了一定的限制范围,有利于体现创造性思维。考生在平时要多思考生活,关注社会和国内外问题,中考时方可写出具有自己个性、言简意赅且合情合理的句子。
阅读表达的最后一题为开放题，此题共4分：第一问1分；第二问逻辑自洽得2分，句子没有表达错误再得1分。可借助原文信息来解答这种题型，步骤如下：
Step 1 认真审题，画出关键词。
Step 2 表达自己的观点。看清问题是一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句（1分）。
一般疑问句：Would you like to.../Do you think.../Do you agree.../Are you going to...？
（回答Yes/No.）
特殊疑问句：What do you think of.../Who...？（回答具体内容）
Step 3 借鉴原文内容，给出理由支撑自己的观点（看清要求写几个理由或字数限制）；逻辑自洽（该理由需支持自己前面给出的观点）（2分）。
Step 4 检查：首字母大写，句式完整性，语法、拼写正确（1分）
Working Out through Online Videos
Physical exercise is good for our mind, body and spirit. Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular. Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy for us to do so.That means we can work out anytime anywhere.（支持Yes答法的内容①）Another friend of mine, Michael, told me that work out videos let him feel so comfortable. “I have a fear of working out at the gym（健身房）, because I don’t like being watched by others. Working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable（支持Yes答法的内容②）,” he said.
“Without being with someone in person, you will be less willing（愿意的） to work out to your best. Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder,”my sister said to me. ...
... Compared with going to the gym, using online videos to work out is a much cheaper and time-saving choice.（支持Yes答法的内容③）But it can be difficult sometimes when I’m too lazy or too busy to stick to it.（支持No答法的内容③）
1.Would you like to follow online videos to work out Why or why not （please give two reasons）
2.What do you think of working out through online videos Why （please give two reasons）
一
[2024长沙二模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Talking about Hunan Province, what comes to your mind first Unquestionably, most answers are Hunan dishes, which are called Xiang dishes.
Hunan dishes, with a history of more than two thousand years, are famous for their spicy taste. It is one of China’s eight great cuisines.
Chili peppers（辣椒） are the most important and popular part of Hunan dishes. They were introduced from South America in the late 1580s. Since then, they have won the hearts of Hunan people.
While Sichuan dishes are famous for their classic numbing and hot（麻辣） taste, Hunan dishes are known for being “hot”. Hunan people invented many ways to cook chili peppers. For example, they cut fresh chili peppers into small pieces and mix them with salt, and they use the chopped pepper（剁椒） to steam（蒸） fish heads. Then it has become a classic dish around the world.
Some say Hunan people love chilies because they can help people get used to the damp（潮湿的） weather. The chili can drive away the dampness in one’s body. Chili has now become a part of Hunan culture. It is believed that the chili and the personality（个性） of Hunan people have something in common. Usually described as direct, brave and hard-working, Hunan people are famous for their “hot personalities”. It is clear that they would fall in love with chili peppers.
1．How long is the history of Hunan dishes
_____________________________________________________________________
2．When were chili peppers introduced into China
_____________________________________________________________________
3．What are Hunan dishes well-known for
_____________________________________________________________________
4．Can the chili help to reduce the dampness in one’s body
_____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of Hunan people
_____________________________________________________________________
二
[2023郴州一模改编]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera.
Xian was born in Macao in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian had to move from place to place with his mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. At the beginning, his violin was so cheap and of poor quality that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop practicing and soon showed his talent. In 1929, he became the first Chinese student who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he left, Xian became the school’s best student and won several prizes for his talents.
In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he went to Yan’an to teach music at a college. Although there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including Yellow River Cantata, one of his most famous works.
In May 1940, Xian was sent to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for a documentary. In the Soviet Union, life was very hard. Xian got sick and later he died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40.
Xian Xinghai is such a great man and his music will live on in people’s hearts forever.
1．How many songs did Xian Xinghai write during his lifetime
_____________________________________________________________________
2．Was Xian Xinghai’s violin of poor quality at first
_____________________________________________________________________
3．Why did Xian Xinghai go to the Soviet Union
_____________________________________________________________________
4．How do you like Xian Xinghai
_____________________________________________________________________
5．请将画线句翻译成中文。
_____________________________________________________________________
三
[2024长沙二模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
There is a big difference between knowing another country from social media and experiencing it in person. This is what students from the US and China discovered during an eight-day exchange journey. From March 24 to 31, a group of 15 students from the US went on an educational and cultural exchange in China. For Micheal, a 15-year-old 10th grader, this was his first time going abroad. While in Beijing, Micheal bravely tried douzhi, a fermented（发酵的） bean juice. It is a challenge even for locals. However, he finished three bowls in a row. Besides Chinese food, Micheal also likes Chinese people because he thinks they are welcoming and open-minded.
“I tried out table tennis after classes ended, and the Chinese students played like professionals,” he said. “In the United States, students usually do sports through clubs and sports teams. Sports are more for fun here.”
The learning was two-sided. Li Weiyou, a 15-year-old student from Beijing No. 4 High School International Campus and also Micheal’s homestay partner, said, “Before I knew Micheal, I thought US students paid more attention to personal development than schoolwork. But to my surprise, Micheal does well in both,” Li said.
With technology and media developing quickly, teenagers can get information about other countries online easily. However, online searches show only a tiny part of the full story of cultural exchange. “If I hadn’t taken this trip, I wouldn’t have learned about the high school life of Chinese students,” said Micheal.
For Micheal, the week-long trip even influenced his further aspirations（抱负）. “I used to consider becoming a math teacher in the United States. Now, I’m dreaming about teaching English in Beijing or Shanghai in the near future.”
1．How long did the exchange journey last
_____________________________________________________________________
2．What does Micheal love about China
_____________________________________________________________________
3．Why was Li Weiyou surprised by Micheal
_____________________________________________________________________
4．What does Micheal want to do in the future
_____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of the exchange journey Why do you think so
_____________________________________________________________________
四
[2024长沙一模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Do you have a sweet tooth Are you a fan of chocolate If you are answering “yes” to both of these questions, then the Lindt Home of Chocolate should be a good place for you to go.
The Lindt Home of Chocolate is the world’s largest chocolate museum. It is in Zurich, Switzerland. It was first opened to the public in September 2020. If you are looking to take some great photos at the museum, look no further than the chocolate fountain（喷泉）. The fountain is over nine meters high. Around 1,500 kilograms of melted（融化的） chocolate is flowing through it. To the disappointment of chocolate lovers, they can enjoy the fountain but they are not allowed to put their hands into it.
In addition to the fountain, the museum offers many other things. The exhibitions（展览） introduce the history of chocolate to visitors. Along the way, there are plenty of tasting chances. The museum even has a space for chocolate-making classes. Visitors can learn to design and make their own chocolate there.
Switzerland is known for its high-quality chocolate. In the eyes of the Swiss, this tasty brown food stands as a national pride. Almost everyone in the country takes chocolate seriously. The Lindt Home of Chocolate is expected to spread the love for chocolate.
1．Where is the Lindt Home of Chocolate
_____________________________________________________________________
2．How high is the chocolate fountain
_____________________________________________________________________
3．Can chocolate lovers put hands into the fountain
_____________________________________________________________________
4．What is the Lindt Home of Chocolate expected to do
_____________________________________________________________________
5．Would you like to visit the Lindt Home of Chocolate Why or why not
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五
[2024岳阳二模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。
In China, the 24 solar terms（节气） were created thousands of years ago to guide farmers to work better. They also reflect China’s rich history through seasonal festivals, special food, cultural activities, family gatherings and even healthy living tips of each solar term.
Rain Water or Yushui is a symbol of the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, 1.草和树木又变成了绿色. This year, Rain Water starts on Feb. 19 and ends on Mar. 4.
There is an ancient Chinese saying, 2.“Rain during the springtime is as valuable as oil,” showing the importance of rain to plants and farming. Around this period, the most important thing for the farmers is timely irrigation（灌溉）, especially in northern China where rainfall is less.
It is an ancient Chinese tradition for married daughters to pay a visit to their parents during the day of Yushui. The traditional gifts are a piece of red silk which expresses the best wishes for the parents to have good health and a pot of stewed（炖） meat that shows their respect and gratitude（感激） to the parents for raising them as children. And this tradition is kept alive in many areas across China. Even though the spring is warmer during Rain Water, it is still a bit early to take off the heavy coat completely and ancient Chinese people said it would be better to keep your heavy coat on for a little longer in the spring because the cold air doesn’t totally fade away, especially for the elderly and children. For the Chinese, if Lichun is the beginning of the spring, Yushui is the second step to embrace（拥抱） the warm weather. With the rain, nature comes alive, filling the world with vitality（生机）.
1．将画线部分译成英文。
_____________________________________________________________________
2．将画线部分译成中文。
_____________________________________________________________________
3．What are the common gifts for daughters to bring to their parents during Yushui
_____________________________________________________________________
4．Should people take off the heavy coat completely during Rain Water Why or why not
_____________________________________________________________________
5．In your opinion, what does the solar term Rain Water symbolize
_____________________________________________________________________
六
[2024长沙一模]阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
The Sydney Opera House is one of the most famous buildings in Australia. This summer holiday, I got the chance to visit it and found out what made this building so great. As our guide told us, the Sydney Opera House was built with a kind of “self-cleaning” material.
First, we visited the Drama Theatre. We learned about the designer of the Sydney Opera House—J rn Utzon. He was the winner of an international design competition. However, he designed the Opera House according to his own tastes, which caused several problems. The project was completed 10 years late. The cost of the building was higher than the budget（预算）. Utzon didn’t get to see the building after it was built.
Then, we visited the Joan Sutherland Theatre which is the second largest indoor venue（会场） in the Opera House. The theater was refurbished（翻新） in 2017 with new high-tech equipment（设备）. Finally, we arrived at the largest theater—the Concert Hall. It has hosted many kinds of performances, from classical to rock music.
Before we finished the tour, the guide told us the rest of Utzon’s story. In 1966, Utzon had an argument with the government and refused to give in. He had to leave the country. It was a hard time in his life. But many years later, people understood him and saw the building as one of the most popular works.
From this tour, I learned that the Opera House is not only a famous building but a carrier of history and culture.
1．What was the Sydney Opera House built with
_____________________________________________________________________
2．Did the Sydney Opera House cost more than expected
_____________________________________________________________________
3．When was the Joan Sutherland Theatre refurbished
_____________________________________________________________________
4．Why did J rn Utzon leave Australia
_____________________________________________________________________
5．How does the writer like the Sydney Opera House
_____________________________________________________________________
七
（2024广东）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。
Reading a good book is a wonderful journey because the reader can live in someone else's world for a while. Reading together with others, known as buddy（同伴） reading, will make this journey even more fantastic. During the journey, the buddies spend time doing a lot of reading activities. This not only adds to the pleasure of reading, but also deepens their understanding of the books.
Although it is all right to have students join in buddy reading with same-aged schoolmates, schools usually pair up older students with younger ones. In 2021, Green School started such a program and has achieved a great success.
Both younger and older readers in this school have learned a lot from this two-year program. For example, when they listened to each other, they learned to be kind and patient. This experience also provided them with a chance to practice lifelong skills such as exercising leadership or communicating with others. A student called Jason said that reading to a younger buddy was really helpful. He became more confident, as he knew he was a role model for someone.
The school also became a closer community. The reading buddies felt more connected as they often met each other. The students were always excited when they saw their buddies pass by in the hallway.
Now summer vacation is coming. It's a great time to get into books. Why not pair up with a friend, choose a book you both like and read it together
1．What is buddy reading
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．How do schools usually pair up buddies
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．How long did the reading program in Green School last
____________________________________________________________________
4．Why did Jason think the program was helpful
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
5．What benefit did the school get from the program
____________________________________________________
八
（2023广东）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
Dreams may make you smart. This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams. What is a dream exactly Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your new experiences with the old memories（记忆）. As your brain connects things, it turns them into a story, and then you get a dream. Dreams may help you deal with worries and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become less painful. And you will feel better after waking up. Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn. This idea is supported by a study. So scientists advise you not to stay up all night studying, especially when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks. Dreams may make you more creative, too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream, and wrote it down as soon as he woke up. However, dreams alone can't bring about creativity. In fact, the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream. In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play.
1．Who discovered that dreams may make you smart
_____________________________________________________________________
2．When does the brain review your experiences in the day
________________________
3．Where does the brain replay the painful memories
____________________________
4．What might help you get higher marks according to the passage
__________________
5．Which matters more for creativity, hard work or dreams
____________
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了梦形成的过程以及做梦给我们带来的好处。
九
（2024·北京朝阳·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
School Life Made Easier
Making school life simpler and more convenient is becoming a reality with the use of technology, especially in China where many schools are using inventions like AI.
One example is a school in Tianjin, which uses a smart campus (校园) system (系统) from a tech company. In classes, students get hands-on experience using simulation (模拟) devices and VR glasses, exploring rocket launches and the structure inside rockets through fun and interactive (互动的) learning. Similarly, in swimming classes, “By wearing smart earphones, they can receive real-time instructions from the coach underwater, making sure it’s safe, ” Li Rui, the school’s vice-principal, told CCTV.
At a school in Anhui, technology is improving PE classes. Self-testing tools with AI visual analysis (可视化分析) technology are used for activities like running, jumping, sit-ups, and skipping rope. A facial recognition system records students’ faces, allowing them to receive performance results immediately after each exercise. “Before, when I threw the shot put (铅球), the teacher had to use a ruler to measure the distance. Now, the results are produced automatically (自动地). You can also see which parts of your exercise need improvements, with the teacher then helping to guide you to make those improvements, ” said Wu Shengguo from the school.
Besides China, smart campus technologies are getting popularity. A university in Australia uses an app, allowing students to visualize the human heart in 3D．This tool helps students understand the heart’s different parts and blood flow.
Universities worldwide are also using AI to create helpful digital assistants (助手). A college in the UK introduced a chat robot. It provides students with information about attendance records, courses, and class timetables, making it easier for students to manage their school lives.
Smart campuses are not just about “smart” learning；they are changing how students learn, study, and interact with their schools. These technologies are making education more interesting and convenient for students all over the world.
1．What technology does the school in Tianjin use from the tech company
2．When can students at the school in Anhui receive performance results in PE classes
3．How does the chat robot make it easier for students of the college in the UK to manage their school lives
4．Would you like to study in a smart campus Why or why not (Please give two reasons.)
十
（2024·北京东城·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
My husband, Tyler, and I decided to raise a guide dog puppy (幼犬). After attending several meetings with Anina Green, the guide dog club leader, I eagerly signed up to become a raiser and patiently waited for the arrival of my puppy. Then, one day, Anina informed me that I would get my puppy on April 27.
That day, Tyler and I went to Anina’s house. In the kitchen, we saw the puppy, Escort, sleeping on the floor. Holding him for the first time was magical. He was so soft and sleepy—and huge! Escort was larger than a lot of full-grown dogs.
We attended a weekly puppy kindergarten to learn how to train Escort. From the time we got the puppy until he was about 6 months old, he was on a leash (牵引绳). When we were watching TV on the sofa or brushing teeth, the leash was always in our hands. During the first eight weeks, Tyler and I mostly stayed at home, taught Escort orders, and held his leash.
The guide dog club is really like a family—a family with a lot of wonderful, well-behaved dogs. We traveled to various places together with these dogs. Escort’s first group outing was a trip to tour the city museum. We also went to a shopping mall, a baseball game, a fire station, and the airport to practice going through security. With all the help from our club, Escort went from a sleepy little puppy to a dependable companion (伙伴) when he was 8 months old.
When Escort was one year old, he could walk with a perfect loose (松的) leash, follow our orders and always make the right choices. It was time for us to drop him off at the Guide Dogs for the Blind campus to go through more formal (正式的) guide training and get matched with someone who needed him. We had fallen in love with the puppy and couldn’t bear giving him away, but we had to say goodbye to him.
When I see pictures of Escort with the woman he has been placed with, I feel very happy. It doesn’t hurt that he’s not with me—seeing him going on adventures with his new owner every day makes it all worth it. The thought that he will improve her life makes me very proud.
1．What was Escort like when the writer first saw him
2．What did the writer and her husband do during the first eight weeks of raising Escort
3．How does the writer feel when she knows Escort can help his new owner
4．What do you think of the writer and her husband Why do you think so (Please give two reasons.)
十一
（2024·北京西城·一模）The summer of 2023 saw record-breaking heatwaves across many parts of the world. As temperatures continue to rise, the effect of carbon emissions (碳排放) on the environment has become a big problem. Studies show the travel industry is responsible for about 10% of these emissions, with air travel alone causing about 2. 8% of them.
To address this problem, Intrepid—a travel company, has suggested a “carbon passport” in its recent report. The idea behind it is that each traveler would have a yearly carbon limit, and nobody can go over that limit. Using carbon passports means travelers will have to take fewer flights to lower their “carbon footprint”—the CO2 emissions from their actions. At present, the carbon footprint of each person is about four tons yearly on average (平均). To limit temperature rise to acceptable levels by 2050, our goal should be below two tons.
In line with this goal, some European countries are taking steps to reduce air travel. In France, local flights are canceled if the same trips can be made by train in 2. 5 hours or less. In Belgium, additional charges (收费) are added to short-distance flights to encourage other forms of travel.
Intrepid considers the idea of a “carbon passport” effective with more people involved in. Travelers will receive information about their carbon footprints and change their travel habits. And businesses will be pushed to use more green practices. Alex Hawkins, one of the writers of the report, says, “These passports will make us think more about how our trips influence the environment.”
When it comes to monitoring everyone’s carbon emission, Anna Abelson, a professor of the New York University thinks it would be a challenge in terms of logistics (统计). Even if we work that out, there are still some worries. For example, people might not be able to take jobs far away or visit family in other cities as often. Some even worry about privacy and personal freedom if we start monitoring and limiting people’s air travel.
“Getting everyone on board with carbon passports won’t be easy.” Hawkins added, “It would need support from lots of different people and groups all over the world.” However, even with the challenges, the idea of carbon passports shows the need for us to take action together to fight climate change and make travel eco-friendlier.
1．Which industry is responsible for about 10% of the world’s carbon emissions
2．What is the idea behind a “carbon passport”
3．How does France reduce air travel
4．What do you think of the idea of a “carbon passport” Why do you think so (Please give two reasons. )
十二
（2024·北京通州·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
It was 5:30 on a Saturday morning in August. It was quiet in Gabriel Silva’s house. Axel, their l-year-old family dog, jumped on Gabriel’s parents’ bed to wake them up. They guessed he needed to go outside.
But Axel wouldn’t go out. When Gabriel’s father opened the back door, Axel rushed toward Gabriel’s room. Inside, Gabriel was awake. He woke up around 5 a.m. and couldn’t feel anything in one of his arms. There, he lost his balance and fell on the floor.
Gabriel’s father followed Axel to his room. He told his father that he was trying to walk but the right side of his body could feel nothing. His father could hardly understand him. Gabriel’s speech was unclear. He drove Gabriel to a hospital. Doctors said that he was having a stroke (中风). It happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off.
Gabriel has got back his ability to speak and walk. The doctors treated Gabriel and said that Gabriel might have never recovered if Axel hadn’t made the family wake up that morning.
Gabriel said there were no warning signs before the stroke. One of Gabriel’s blood vessels had torn, the doctor said. The blood vessel was connected to Gabriel’s brain. The tear stopped blood from flowing to part of his brain. During a stroke, neurons (神经元) in the brain, which receive and send messages from the body to the brain, die from being short of blood.
Gabriel said he still didn’t have much feeling on the right side of his body. He learned to write and eat with his left hand. He took medicines every day and had special training two days per week. For now, Gabriel is being home-schooled. He hopes to return to high school in December.
Gabriel’s father said Axel didn’t finish watching over his son. Since Gabriel returned home, Axel followed him around the house and slept in his room. He seldom left his side. The doctor said Axel was worthy of a lot of credit (赞扬). “It’s amazing how immovable (不动摇的) a dog was when he knew something was going on.” he said.
1．Where did Axel go when Gabriel’s father opened the back door
2．When does a stroke happen
3．How did Axel watch over Gabriel after he returned home from hospital
4．Would you like to have a family dog like Axel Why or why not (Please give two reasons.)
十三
（2024·北京大兴·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Reading with The Fingertips (指尖)
Louis Braille was born in France in 1809．When he was three, he injured an eye in an accident in his father’s workshop. The infection (感染) from the wound spread to his other eye. Within a year he couldn’t see anything. When he was ten, he was sent to a school for the blind. Students there learned by listening to their teachers.
One day, a visitor came to the school. His name was Charles Barbier. He was to have a great influence on Braille. Louis was then twelve years old. Barbier had invented a new way of writing. He had hoped the French army would adopt (采纳) his method. This writing was designed to be used at night. Soldiers could read it without showing a light. Barbier hoped the head of the school whose students lived their lives in darkness could use his way of writing.
Louis Braille stood out among those students. His mind was quick. He was eager to learn. The head of school invited him to meet the visitor. Barbier began to show how his writing worked. Braille’s interest was aroused. Barbier took a sheet of thick paper. Using a pointed instrument, he punched a series of holes to make raised dots (点) on the other side of the paper. These dots were grouped together in cells (单元格). The cells could be placed in any of twelve positions. Each group stood for a different sound. By running a fingertip over them, a person could read a message.
Braille was excited by Barbier’s invention. But he knew that it needed to be simpler. He started working on it at once. Instead of twelve positions for each unit, he decided to work with six. This let a reader make sense of the raised dots more quickly and easily.
Braille remained at the school all his life, He taught there. He also helped to print books that used his method. Braille was a very good musician. He showed people how to write music in his way.
Charles Barbier did not sell his method to the army. But he played a part in changing forever the way blind people read. Because of what he started and Louis Braille completed, people everywhere who cannot see are no longer limited by blindness.
1．What happened to Louis Braille when he was three
2．Who invented a new way of writing
3．How did Louis Braille make Barbier’s invention simpler
4．What do you think of Louis Braille Why do you think so
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