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2025年高考英语复习考前预测：说明文阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025 晋中模拟） The Internet is often criticized as a source of many modern﹣day challenges，from comparison traps and information overload to negativity biases.These issues are closely associated with our digital culture，raising concerns about its impact on mental health and social well﹣being.However，a new study by the Oxford Internet Institute suggests that the Internet's role in our lives is not entirely negative.In fact，it may also be a significant driver of life satisfaction and social well﹣being for man people.
The study，which analyzed data from 168 countries between 2006 and 2021，involved over two million participants aged 15 to 99.Researchers examined eight indicators of well﹣being，including life satisfaction，daily positive and negative experiences，and community well﹣being.The findings revealed that in 85% of cases，Internet access and active Internet use were associated with higher levels of well﹣being.For the majority of individuals，the Internet serves as a powerful tool for connection，education，and personal growth.It enables people to access valuable resources，maintain relationships，and engage with communities，all of which contribute to a sense of fulfillment and happiness.
However，the study also identified a notable exception.In 5% of cases，Internet use was linked to negative outcomes，particularly among young women aged 15 to 24.They reported lower levels of well﹣being，a finding congruent with previous research that linked increased Internet usage to depression in young women and teenage girls.The reasons for this are complex but may include factors such as cyberbullying，social media﹣induced comparison，and the pressure to follow unrealistic online standards.
The timing of this research is significant，as governments worldwide are considering new laws and guidelines to address concerns about online safety.The researchers ask policymakers to carefully consider the data before carrying out new laws，emphasizing that while the Internet can have negative effects，it also has the potential to be a positive force.With proper guidance，education，and safety measures，the Internet can continue to enhance well﹣being for many.
In conclusion，while the Internet is not without its challenges，its impact on society is multifaceted（多方面的）.For most，it is a source of connection，knowledge，and empowerment.By addressing its downsides and making use of its benefits，we can create a digital environment that supports and enriches lives globally.
（1）What do the findings of the new study mainly show？ 　 　
A.Young people are the main users of the Internet.
B.The Internet is criticized for information overload.
C.Adults benefit more from the Internet than other age groups.
D.Internet access is linked to higher levels of well﹣being in most cases.
（2）What does the underlined part"congruent with"in paragraph 3 probably mean？ 　 　
A.Unrelated to.
B.Consistent with.
C.Independent of.
D.Different from.
（3）What do the researchers suggest policymakers do？ 　 　
A.Give careful consideration to their findings.
B.Underline the advantages of the Internet more.
C.Make strict laws to monitor the Internet companies.
D.Carry out new laws instantly to ensure online safety.
（4）Which is the most suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A.The Dark Side of Internet Usage.
B.How the Internet Benefits the Youth.
C.The Decline of Social Well﹣Being in the Digital Age.
D.Internet's Positive Impact on Well﹣Being Despite Concerns.
2．（2025 吉林模拟） Do you ever find yourself repeating a specific word in your head over and over until the word suddenly makes no sense to you and you wonder why it's a word at all？This is just one of the many odd things our brains do to us，and it's a pretty funny experience when it happens.
This phenomenon is known as semantic satiation （语义饱和） and it causes us to perceive a real word as meaningless sounds.Sometimes that loss of meaning can be a pain，sometimes it can be useful，and sometimes，it can even be unforgettably beautiful.
Semantic satiation occurs when a word is repeated over and over again until the word begins to lose its meaning to the listener.The term was first coined in 1962，but research surrounding the phenomenon dates from the early 20th century.There are multiple theories as to why semantic satiation occurs.One is that the repeated use of a neural pathway associated with a word impacts response times，leading to the loss of meaning.Another theory is that tiredness causes the connection between word and meaning to get disordered.
More recently，researchers have used neural networking simulations （模拟） to try to identify why the phenomenon happens and another set of researchers have found that semantic satiation delays facial expression processing.In other words，there isn't an agreement as to why semantic satiation happens.
Studies looking at semantic satiation have typically involved the repetition of a word up to 30 times，with semantic satiation，in some cases，appearing after seven to nine repetitions.Some words used during these studies have been as short as four letters，but others have been much longer.
Sometimes，losing the meaning of a word can actually be helpful.Judy Ravin of Accents International uses semantic satiation to help English language learners focus more on how your muscles need to move in order to make the sounds required，rather than the meaning of a particular word. "A word in itself doesn't actually have meaning.A word is a symbol for something，so，when we can move away from the meaning and just think about sound production，the physiology，it's helpful."
（1）What can we learn from semantic satiation？ 　 　
A.It has its origin from money.
B.It is most likely to be painful.
C.It arises as a word is repeated enough times.
D.It's one of the few tricks our brain plays on us.
（2）What does the word "coined" in paragraph 3 probably mean？ 　 　
A.Created.
B.Saved.
C.Earned.
D.Collected.
（3）How does Judy Ravin help English learners？ 　 　
A.By strengthening muscles physically.
B.By emphasizing learning words basically.
C.By combining the meaning and sound organically.
D.By concentrating on pronouncing words physiologically.
（4）What does the text mainly talk about？ 　 　
A.Who are suffering from semantic satiation.
B.What kind of semantic satiation is beneficial.
C.Why semantic satiation makes a word meaningless.
D.How semantic satiation influences our facial expression.
3．（2025 成都模拟） A quiet revolution is happening in autonomous systems，freeing us from the burdens of labor and giving us more control over our lives.A robotaxis can give you a smooth ride to wherever you need to go while a humanoid robot can handle chores at home.
Undoubtedly，instead of spending time driving，or folding laundry，we can engage in intellectual，artistic，and social pursuits that were previously unimaginable.We can learn new languages，develop new skills，or connect more deeply with loved ones.We are close to a future where the freedom to create and explore is no longer limited by the demands of daily life.
However，undeniable convenience as these autonomous systems offer，there's something special about the tasks they aim to replace.Learning to drive，or even folding laundry is not just chores but the very fabric of our human experience.The first time you got behind the wheel of a car gave you a moment of growth and independence.Folding laundry can be a quiet，reflective moment—a reminder that life is made up of simple rhythms.
Here lies the contradiction：Autonomy isn't just about freedom from work but control.As we hand over more control to machines，we are losing some of our own.
Take Tesla's Full Self﹣Driving （FSD） system，for example.Despite the incredible convenience and safety it offers，we need to reflect on what we might be leaving behind as we move closer to this reality.For many，driving is more than just a means of getting from one destination to another—it's an experience about freedom and control.The sensory connection to the road，and even the joy of mastering the art of driving are elements that technology might replace，but not necessarily reproduce.
True human autonomy is not just about handing over daily tasks to machines.It's about the choice to engage in those tasks when we want to.The simple act of driving a car，or cleaning a home is more than just a function；it's an expression of our humanity.Perhaps that's the real challenge in front of us as autonomous systems become more integrated into our lives；how to use these machines to enhance our freedom without losing the very expression of our humanity.
（1）What do autonomous systems probably enable us to get？ 　 　
A．Greater abilities to handle chores.
B．Higher intellectual ambitions.
C．More opportunities to develop creativity.
D．A free future of living without limits.
（2）What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on？ 　 　
A．The value of routine experiences.
B．The freedom through technology.
C．The reflections on personal growth.
D．The room for improving autonomous systems.
（3）Why does the author mention "Tesla's FSD system"？ 　 　
A．To demonstrate the joy of driving.
B．To argue against the freedom from work.
C．To give an example of technological convenience.
D．To stress the loss of control and human experience.
（4）What message does the author mainly convey？ 　 　
A．Technology serves as a helping hand.
B．Freedom isn't what technology offers us.
C．The future of autonomous systems is in our hands.
D．There are conflicts between innovation and autonomy.
4．（2025 成都模拟） A honey bee's life depends on it successfully harvesting from flowers to make honey.Deciding which flower is most likely to offer nectar （花蜜） is incredibly difficult.In new research published recently，our team reports how bees make these complex decisions.
We challenged bees with a field of artificial flowers，each of which offered a tiny drop of sugar syrup.Different﹣colored "flowers" varied in their likelihood of offering sugar.We put tiny，harmless paint marks on the back of each bee，and filmed every visit a bee made to the flower array.We then used computer vision and machine learning to automatically draw and study the route on which bees flew through.From this information，we found bees very quickly learned to identify the most rewarding flowers.They quickly assessed whether to accept or reject a flower，but surprisingly they made correct decisions within 0.6 seconds while incorrect decisions took them 1.2 seconds on average.
The results and what we expected are poles apart.Usually in animals，an accurate decision takes longer than an inaccurate decision.This is called the speed﹣accuracy trade off，which happens because determining whether a decision is right or wrong usually depends on how much evidence we have to make that decision.More evidence means a more accurate decision，but gathering evidence takes time.So accurate decisions are usually slow and inaccurate decisions are faster.But bees only accepted a flower if，at a glance，they were sure it was rewarding.If they had any uncertainty，they rejected it.They might have missed some rewarding flowers，but they successfully focused their efforts only on the flowers with the best chance and best evidence of providing them with sugar.
The only other animals known to beat the speed﹣accuracy tradeoff are humans and primates.It's indeed amazing that bees seemed to be breaking this boundary.
（1）How did researchers get the result of the experiment？ 　 　
A．By observing bees in the wild.
B．By analyzing bees' flight paths.
C．By testing bees in different colors.
D．By comparing bees' food preference.
（2）What did the research find about bees？ 　 　
A．They could tell artificial flowers immediately.
B．They performed better in certain colored flowers.
C．They made right choices faster than the wrong ones.
D．They made more correct decisions than other species.
（3）What does the underlined phrase "poles apart" in paragraph 3 probably mean？ 　 　
A．Contrary.
B．Reasonable.
C．Essential.
D．Confusing.
（4）Why do bees beat the speed﹣accuracy tradeoff？ 　 　
A．They ignore uncertainties.
B．They gather evidence very fast.
C．They stay on the right track while flying.
D．They adopt a special decision﹣making mechanism.
5．（2025 成都模拟） Writer Shan Xiaohua was mediating with her pen in hand in a room.Ma Jun was leaning back with a relaxed expression on his face，exploring the world of literature with his cellphone.In a shop，blind writer Zhao Ling was listening to classic works with customers while working...These scenes take place in Xiji county，a mountainous area in southern Ningxia.It has won the name Hometown of Literature.
Historically speaking，the region has deep roots in it.The Xihaigu area was once a passage along the Silk Road，with active exchanges and diverse folk arts such as folk singing hua'er，storytelling and Qinqiang Opera，as well as events like blessing events during the Spring Festival.For thousands of years，diverse cultures have integrated with each other，creating a unique humanistic atmosphere here，which influenced and guided people born and raised here to turn their thoughts about the land，nation，homeland and themselves into words on the page.
Reality has always been a source of inspiration.Considered as "one of the most unfit places for human settlement"by the UN in the 1970s，Xihaigu once had nothing but the poor land，droughts and a delicate ecological environment.People living here had no choice but to suffer the hardships of life.It was literature that gave them strength.
Clean and tidy roads，public squares with well﹣equipped facilities，academies full of books，factories with orderly production...Great changes have taken place in Xihaigu.In the past，poverty stopped people from writing as they struggled to feed themselves first.Now，writing reflects their ambitions.More people can create literary works.Here，the flowers of literature bloom everywhere；here，literature is the land that grows the best crops.
（1）Why are the scenes described in the first paragraph？ 　 　
A.To show writing is easy to master.
B.To describe the locals' love for writing.
C.To introduce some writers in Xiji county.
D.To compare the situation in different times.
（2）Which best describes the typical feature of Xihaigu area according to paragraph 2？ 　 　
A.Culturally rich.
B.Socially unstable.
C.Historically important.
D.Geographically diverse.
（3）What did literature mean for people in Xiji county in the past？ 　 　
A.The recording of hardships.
B.Spiritual support.
C.The expression of thankfulness.
D.Connection with the outside.
（4）What does this text mainly talk about？ 　 　
A.The pursuits of people in Xiji county.
B.The cultural significance of Xiji county.
C.The power of literature for people in Xiji county.
D.People's understanding of literature in Xiji county.
6．（2025 安岳县校级二模） High employment，falling inflation（通货膨胀），and economic growth.On the surface，the US economy currently seems to be doing great.But as it turns out，things are not so rosy for the average American.
According to a March 6 survey conducted by the Savings website，47 percent of US parents provide financial support to their adult children to help deal with the cost of living struggles.
Gen Zers（aged 18﹣27）were found to be the most likely generation to get financial help from their parents，receiving on average 1，515 dollars per month.Still，many older parents were found to support their Millennial（aged 28﹣43）or Generation X（aged 44﹣59）adult children，accounting for 21 percent of parents providing support.The most common expenses mentioned were groceries and health insurance.
But why are so many US adults，both young and old，struggling to"leave the nest"？One major reason is food prices.According to a survey，food prices are expected to increase by nearly 2.5 percent in 2024.Meanwhile，stable housing remains an elusive dream for many.The average rate for a 30﹣year mortgage（抵押贷款） was almost 8 percent in 2023，which means many Americans are priced out of affording their own home.
The final piece of the puzzle is falling salaries.Previous generations were able to count on graduating from college as the key to landing a job that paid well.But now，young graduates have found they earn less than their parents.College graduate salaries have decreased more than 10 percent in four decades after adjusting for inflation.In other words，steadily declining salaries make it even harder for young Americans to cope with rising costs.
As Gen Zers in the US struggle under financial pressures，so do the older generations supporting them，as their sharing puts their retirement at risk.The Savings website discovered that working parents were found to contribute"2.4 times more to support adult children than they contribute to their retirement accounts each month".
Essentially，while the US economy remains afloat，we will witness multiple generations of Americans sinking in their own lifeboats in the years ahead.
（1）What did the March 6 survey find out about adult children in the US？ 　 　
A.Nearly half of them are financially dependent.
B.Over half of Gen Zers are financially struggling.
C.21 percent of Generation X receive parental help.
D.A majority of them rely on their parents for education.
（2）What does the underlined word"elusive"in paragraph 4 most probably mean？ 　 　
A.Readily accessible.
B.Difficult to achieve.
C.Often misunderstood.
D.Commonly sought after.
（3）What can be inferred from the article about people in the US？ 　 　
A.Graduates' financial struggles are temporary.
B.Government policies favor older generations.
C.Salaries for graduates tend to keep up with inflation.
D.Financial pressures affect both the young and the old.
（4）What is the author's attitude toward the future of Americans？ 　 　
A.Negative.
B.Optimistic.
C.Ambiguous.
D.Indifferent.
7．（2025 龙岗区校级模拟） None of us would like to believe that we are capable of evil.However，Zimbardo's Stanford prison experiment showed that we all have this potential.It all depends on the situation.
Phillip Zimbardo was a researcher at Stanford University.In 1972，he recruited （招募） 24 mentally healthy，male，college students for an experiment taking place in a fake （假的） prison in the basement of Stanford.These participants were randomly divided into 2 groups：prison guards and prisoners.The guards received a uniform and mirrored sunglasses to wear for the job.Then，after being sent home，the prisoners were publicly arrested at their homes on a Sunday morning.They were processed at a real police station before being transported to the 'prison'.
No one could have predicted what would happen next.The guards weren't given any specific instructions on how to behave.Yet，very soon they began acting in extreme ways：they prevented prisoners from eating，took away their bedding，forced them to remove their clothes，and even punished them with chores such as cleaning toilets with their bare hands.As well as this，the prisoners were submitting to the guards ﹣ even though they knew that they hadn't actually done anything wrong and weren't even in a real prison!
After just thirty﹣six hours，a prisoner had to be removed from the study as he had sunk into a deep depression with fits of anger and uncontrollable crying.A few days later，other prisoners displayed similar symptoms.The guards also continued to abuse them.It was at this point that Zimbardo was told to stop the experiment.It was shut down after just six days.
This experiment demonstrates the power of the situation in influencing how we act.Good people，just like you or me，are capable of evil acts.However，the power of the situation doesn't always have to be bad：it can also be a force for good.
Of course，we could never repeat this experiment for ethical （伦理的） reasons.This means that we need to assess how valid Zimbardo's conclusions really are.For example，demand characteristics ﹣ how the guards assumed they should act ﹣ may have significantly shaped their behaviour.
（1）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？　 　
A．The aim of the experiment.
B．The design of the experiment.
C．The finding of the experiment.
D．The limitation of the experiment.
（2）What behaviours did the guards exhibit？　 　
A．They abused prisoners.
B．They criticized prisoners.
C．They followed the instructions.
D．They committed crimes of violence.
（3）Why did Zimbardo stop the experiment？　 　
A．The experiment achieved its goals.
B．The experiment became unaffordable.
C．The guards turned out uncontrollable.
D．The prisoners suffered mental collapses.
（4）What is a suitable title for the text？　 　
A．A conflict in prison
B．A pioneer in psychology
C．The power of the situation
D．The importance of virtues
8．（2025 甘肃一模） From long and winding migration flights to complex songs and clever tool use，many bird behaviors are known to be transmitted（传播） socially and persist across generations ﹣what scientists define as animal"culture".Now a study suggests culture might play a role in bird nest architecture，too.
Researchers analyzed more than 400 structures built by 43 different groups of White﹣browed Sparrow﹣Weavers in the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa.These birds live communally，and the entire group works together to build a nest and multiple roosts from grass.The group's dominant female then lays eggs in the nest，which has a long，tube﹣like entrance.Individual birds sleep nearby in the U﹣shaped roosts，which have both an entrance and an exit.
The scientists found that different gatherings of birds，even those living only a few meters from one another，built very different tube structures.The biggest difference was in "how short or long the structures are，"says study lead author Maria C.Tello﹣Ramos，a cognitive ecologist at the University of Hull in England.Tube width also varied between groups.Furthermore，each group maintained the same architectural style over time ﹣and when outsiders joined，they adapted to this style.
To examine why the groups built differently，the team analyzed factors that can determine a nest's size and shape for a given bird species：weather conditions，tree height，individuals' body size and genetic relatedness.If closely related birds build similar structures，for instance，one might assume a genetic element.Yet none of these factors seemed to play a relevant role in shaping how the Kalahari sparrows built their nests，the researchers report in Science.
Tello﹣Ramos and her colleagues proposed that cultural transmission might be key to nest building."In our paper，we haven't gotten there yet with experiments，but we have very good clues that that might be it，"she says.But Christina Riehl，an evolutionary biologist at Princeton University，says，"They can't actually look at the effect of genetic differences，because they don't have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups.There's a lot left to be done，and this paper will inspire future research in a really good way."
（1）What is the text mainly about？ 　 　
A.The role of culture in bird nest architecture.
B.The genetic factors in bird nest construction.
C.The life habit of White﹣browed Sparrow﹣Weavers.
D.The environmental factors affecting bird nest building.
（2）What did the scientists find about the tube structures？ 　 　
A.The structure had the same tube width.
B.The tube length was the biggest difference.
C.The materials of the tube structures varied.
D.Different groups of birds had the same tube structure.
（3）Why did the team analyze the decisive factors？ 　 　
A.To identify genetic influences.
B.To create the architectural style.
C.To give reasons for different nests.
D.To explore environmental impacts.
（4）What can we infer from Christina Riehl's statement？ 　 　
A.Genetic factors have been fully proved.
B.A lot of further research are badly needed.
C.Culture plays a key role in building a bird nest.
D.The findings are enough to rule out genetic factors.
9．（2025 中山市校级模拟） Every year，about 15 billion trees are cut down to make way for agriculture，mining，logging and urban expansion.Such mass deforestation has accelerated global warming and endangered the survival of millions of species.Though many nations，organizations，and even individuals have tried，no one could plant enough trees to make up for that loss—but some innovative entrepreneurs are working on a high﹣tech solution.
BioCarbon Engineering （BCE），a U.K.﹣based start﹣up，has developed a technique that could plant one billion trees per year.The method？Drones（无人机）.Current tree﹣planting programs "are just not fast enough，" said Irina Fedorenko，a co﹣founder of the company. "But our technology is automated，so we can scale up quite realistically and quite quickly."
First，a drone scans the land and develops a 3﹣D map of the area.Then，using the data from this "smart map，" the team develops an algorithm（算法） for a unique planting pattern.A drone uses the algorithm to carry out the planting strategy.The drone flies about six feet above the ground，firing growing seeds at a speed that will get them under the soil.The species planted by drone has a better survival rate than helicopter spreading that's more commonly used.Some species even have survival rates nearly identical to hand planting.
With GPS and imaging technologies，experts agree that drones have become useful for accurately mapping large areas of land and measuring tree growth.But some scientists are more skeptical about their success as a planting technology to tackle deforestation on a large scale.After all，they only have so much range and battery life.
"Drones are good for measuring secondary growth and looking at where the forest is coming back，but you fight deforestation at a socioeconomic level，" says Arturo Sanchez，director of the University of Alberta's Center for Earth Observation and Sciences. "The issue of climate change is not forest restoration，the issue is energy.It is controlling coal plants，power plants，automobile emissions.Planting trees is very important，but when you look at the distribution of CO2 emissions，deforestation accounts for 10 to 15 percent.The rest is energy.That's what needs to be controlled."
（1）What is the author's purpose in mentioning many trees are cut down？ 　 　
A.To appeal to us to stop cutting down trees.
B.To demonstrate the widespread use of trees.
C.To show the urgency of planting sufficient trees.
D.To illustrate the effect of economic development on forests.
（2）What can we know about BCE's planting strategy？ 　 　
A.Drones can't grow trees faster than current programs.
B.Drones accurately map the land prior to planting.
C.Drones grow seeds six feet beneath the ground.
D.Drones make seeds survive better than hand planting.
（3）What is some experts' attitude towards BCE's way to restore forests completely？ 　 　
A.Doubtful.
B.Optimistic.
C.Carefree.
D.Intolerant.
（4）Which statement will Arturo Sanchez most probably agree with？ 　 　
A.Restoring forest is key to tackling climate change.
B.More coal plants are needed to generate abundant energy.
C.A major part of CO2 emissions results from deforestation.
D.Coal plants and cars emissions should be restricted.
10．（2025 萍乡模拟） Fortunately，the days of being spread on thick baby oil and lying in the sun to get you skin yellowish﹣brown﹣or more likely burnt﹣are long over.Many sunscreens work by filtering（过滤） the sun's ultraviolet（UV） rays to keep them from reaching skin cells and causing the DNA damage that can lead to wrinkles and skin cancer.But in recent years，the safety of some of those filtering chemical ingredients，particularly oxybenzone（氧苯铜），has been in question.
A 2019 study published in JAMA found evidence that oxybenzone is absorbed into the bloodstream，leading to concerns about whether it might affect functions of our body.Oxybenzone has also been detected in breast milk for newborn babies Because of concerns about higher intake in children，doctors from the American Academy of Pediatrics advise against sunscreen with oxybenzone for kids.
The Environmental Working Group，an activist organization that monitors chemical safety，has called for a ban，but the U.S.Food and Drug Administration considers sunscreens with oxybenzone safe."It's uncertain，says Deborah S.Sarnoff，president of the U.S.Skin Cancer Foundation."Just because you're absorbing the chemical doesn't mean it's dangerous."Further study is required.
But oxybenzone is a risk to coral reefs.Hawaii and the U.S.Virgin Islands have banned the sale of sunscreens with oxybenzone.In a 2022 study published in Science，researchers found that some certain sea plants，when exposed to sunlight，turn oxybenzone into energy or something needed in a way that damages and kills corals.
Some companies have been trying to stop using oxybenzone gradually in stages，and many big brands offer oxybenzone﹣free options.For anyone who is pregnant or breastfeeding，or simply looking to avoid these chemical filters，Dr.Sarnoff recommends mineral sunscreens，which contain mainly physical barriers.
（1）What is the advantage of sunscreen？ 　 　
A.It gets your skin yellowish﹣brown.
B.It stops wrinkles and skin cancer.
C.It keeps UV rays from harming you.
D.It prevents skin cells from DNA damage.
（2）Why do doctors advise against sunscreen with oxybenzone for kids？ 　 　
A.They don't want children to absorb more oxybenzone.
B.They don't want oxybenzone to hurt babies' functions.
C.They know oxybenzone can affect children's bloodstream.
D.They know oxybenzone has been found in newborn babies.
（3）What can we learn from the last three paragraphs？ 　 　
A.Coral reefs in Hawaii were damaged or killed by sunscreens.
B.More research is needed to prove the danger of oxybenzone.
C.Some organizations have already banned the use of sunscreens.
D.Mineral sunscreens are much safer than those with oxybenzone.
（4）What's the text mainly about？ 　 　
A.The findings about sunscreens with oxybenzone.
B.Questions on safe use of oxybenzone raised by doctors.
C.Discussion on safety of oxybenzone between organizations.
D.Effects of sunscreens on humans and plants in recent studies.
11．（2025 泰安一模） Nowadays，social media is widely used by millions of people to connect and share their lives.However，research suggests that excessive（过度） use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and anxiety.
One behavior that researchers have focused on recently is photo editing，which involves altering one's appearance in pictures before posting them on social media.While some studies have suggested that photo editing is linked to negative outcomes such as seeing oneself as an object and having low self﹣esteem，the relationship between these factors is not well understood.
Phillip Ozimek and his colleagues conducted a study with 403 young adults recruited through social media platforms to investigate the potential risks associated with photo editing on social media.Participants completed an online survey that included questions about their social media use，photo editing behavior，self﹣perception as an object，comparisons of physical appearance，self﹣esteem（自尊），and other relevant factors.
To measure photo editing behavior，participants reported how often they edited their selfies before posting them on social media.To assess self﹣perception as an object and comparisons of physical appearance，participants answered questions about how much they monitored their bodies and compared themselves to others' looks.Finally，participants' self﹣esteem was measured using a questionnaire that evaluated their overall sense of self﹣worth.
The data showed that higher levels of photo editing were associated with increased self﹣perception as an object and more comparisons of physical appearance among young adults.These factors，in turn，were related to lower self﹣esteem.
The researchers suggested that photo editing behavior may contribute to feelings of self﹣perception as an object and basing one's worth on appearance，especially among vulnerable groups like teenagers.They emphasized the need for further research to explore the impact of photo editing on mental health outcomes and understand why people engage in this behavior.
Although the study had some limitations，as acknowledged by Ozimek and his colleagues，it highlighted the importance of considering overall social media use and specific behaviors like photo editing when studying the relationship between social media and mental health outcomes.Interventions（干预） aimed at reducing excessive social media use or promoting healthier engagement with social media could have positive effects on the mental well﹣being of young people.
（1）What were the participants asked to do in the study？ 　 　
A.Fill in a questionnaire about self﹣worth.
B.Compare their looks with others.
C.Edit their selfies before posting.
D.See themselves as an object.
（2）What does the word"vulnerable"in paragraph 6 mean？ 　 　
A.Hardly protected.
B.Particularly strong.
C.Easily influenced.
D.Mostly independent.
（3）From the passage，what can we infer？ 　 　
A.The higher levels of photo editing，the higher self﹣esteem.
B.Reducing the overuse of social media might be beneficial to well﹣being.
C.Photo editing is the only behavior that affects mental health on social media.
D.The study has completely worked out the problem of the overuse of social media.
（4）What is the purpose of this passage？ 　 　
A.To introduce the popularity of social media.
B.To explain the detailed process of a study on photo editing.
C.To show teenagers are the most vulnerable group in using social media.
D.To explore the relationship between photo editing and negative mental states.
12．（2025 辽宁模拟） Diabetes（糖尿病） researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have developed a new understanding of how human bzaa cell regenerative（再生的） drugs work.These drugs，developed at Mount Sinai，may hold promise for more than 500 million people with diabetes in the world.The results of this study were published this month in Cell Reports Medicine.
Diabetes develops when cells known as beta cells become unable to produce insulin（胰岛素），a chemical substance essential to regulating blood sugar levels.While great progress has been made toward discovering a long﹣term treatment，none are appliable for millions of patients across the world.
For more than 15 years，researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have worked tirelessly to find a solution to cure diabetes by identifying a drug that could make human beta cells regenerate.In 2015，Mount Sinai researchers discovered the first such drug，called harmine.Harmine is a member of a class of drugs called DYRK1 A inhibitors（抑制剂）.Finally，at in July 2024，they showed that harmine alone increases human beta cell mass by 300 percent，and if a GLP﹣1 RA is added，by 700 percent.
A key question has been how harmine causes beta cells to regenerate.In the newest study，the research team reports that the new，regenerated beta cells may be coming from an unexpected source a second pancreatic cell type called alpha cells.Since alpha cells are abundant in people with type I and type 2 diabetes，they may serve as a source for new beta cells in both common types of diabetes.
"This may mean that people with all forms of diabetes have a large potential 'container' for future beta cells，just waiting to be activated by drugs like harmine." said Esra Karakose，corresponding author of the study."A simple pill，perhaps together with a GLP﹣1 RA like semaglutide，is affordable and accessible to the millions of people with diabetes，"said Dr.Stewart，another researcher.
（1）What can be inferred from drugs developed at Mount Sinai？ 　 　
A.They strengthen the effects of each beta cell.
B.They have yet to appear in relevant journals.
C.They are taken by over 500 million patients.
D.They help regulate the quantity of beta cell.
（2）What do we know about harmine？ 　 　
A.It belongs to one part of DYRK1 A.
B.It stops the formation of DYRK1 A.
C.It is the first drug to cure diabetes.
D.It is useless without a GLP﹣1 RA.
（3）How does harmine cause beta cells to regenerate？ 　 　
A.By transforming alpha cells into beta cells.
B.By enabling existing beta cells to reproduce.
C.By pushing more organs to release beta cells.
D.By creating a safe environment for beta cells.
（4）What is the suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A.Researchers gain a new insight into diabetes.
B.Researchers spare no efforts to cure diabetes.
C.Researchers move closer to a cure for diabetes.
D.Researchers reveal a"container"for beta cells.
13．（2025 辽宁模拟） In 1973，when Melissa Greene was in 6th grade，her parents bought the first flat on Hutchinson Island.The first time she ran down to the wild shore，she was shocked by the contrast to their earlier beach trips to Daytona，a people﹣packed spectacle of cars.On Hutchinson，the spectacle was the seashells.Today，on the same stretch of beach，she rarely finds large whole shells.
Among the most amazing natural objects，seashells represent both the surprise and wonder still promised by a trip to the beach and the major changes underway on our coasts.
Many of the largest and best﹣known marine mollusks﹣the animal architects that build seashells﹣have declined under fishing pressure.They are also harmed by rising ocean temperatures，and by pollution and runoff from the land.And they can be displaced by the severe erosion（侵蚀） caused by inlets﹣a growing problem on Hutchinson Island﹣as well as efforts to repair eroded beaches by recovering lost sand.
Twenty﹣five years ago，Sanibel Island became the first city in the U.S.to ban "live shelling"，the practice of collecting and killing mollusks for their shells.The move to protect the individual lives of soft﹣bodied mollusks seems almost strange given ocean warming and other "tough realities of the changing world，"acknowledges Jose H.Leal，science director at Sanibel's Bailey﹣Matthews National Shell Museum.
But helping beach goers appreciate the animals inside the shell as much as the shiny exterior turns out to be a crucial step toward helping them understand what's happening in the sea，Leal says."If people understand the complexity of these animals and their importance，they will also realize the need to protect marine environments."
Delaware Seashore State Park is taking so﹣called low﹣impact beach combing（赶海）a step further：asking visitors to leave empty shells alone，too.At the park，signs advise visitors to leave shells where they lie or take a photo of a marine creature in the sand.After all，the point of enjoying nature is that it is in a natural state.
（1）What impressed Melissa Greene on Hutchinson Island when she was young？　 　
A.The seashells.
B.The tourists.
C.The flats.
D.The cars.
（2）What is paragraph 3 mainly about？　 　
A.The dangers marine mollusks face.
B.The changes seashells have experienced.
C.The efforts made to save marine mollusks.
D.The current situation of Hutchinson Island.
（3）What does Jose H.Leal think of banning"live shelling"？　 　
A.It slows down ocean warming.
B.It keeps people away from beaches.
C.It popularizes the collecting of seashells.
D.It raises people's awareness of ocean protection.
（4）What is the purpose of Delaware Seashore State Park's advice？　 　
A.To provide habitat for small creatures.
B.To protect visitors from being harmed.
C.To attract marine creatures to the beach.
D.To preserve the natural state of the beach.
14．（2025 文县模拟） Each fall，after monarch butterflies migrate from southern Canada to the mountains of central Mexico，they spend the winter exclusively on oyamel fir trees.But climate change projections predict that oyamel fir trees will disappear almost entirely by 2090.
"This sounds crazy，but we need to move the trees to higher elevations （海拔），" said Cuauhtémoc Sáenz﹣Romero，a forest geneticist. "Oyamel fir trees，which grow from around 2，400 meters to 3，500 meters，need cold mountain air to survive.The high﹣elevation coldness also allows monarch butterflies to survive the winter.As central Mexico gets warmer，new generations of oyamel fir trees will likely climb higher up their native mountains and ultimately run out of mountains to climb."
Sáenz﹣Romero wanted to do the experiment 100 kilometers from their native habitat，but he was aware that the trees wouldn't get there by themselves. "Unfortunately，the scene in The Lord of the Rings，where the trees are walking toward battle —it's just fiction.It doesn't happen，" he said.
His team collected oyamel fir seeds from elevations between 3，100 meters and 3，500 meters inside the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve in Michoacán state and grew them temporarily in a tree nursery.Then，in partnership with the local community in Calimaya，the team planted around 960 trees in the community's forest on the Nevado de Toluca volcano.Some seedlings （幼苗） were planted at 3，400 meters while others were planted higher，in colder climates，at 3，600，3，800 and 4，000 meters above sea level. "If the fir could take root at higher﹣than﹣normal elevations，the trees might survive there in the future as temperatures warm，" Sáenz﹣Romero hoped.
Three years later，the team found that oyamel fi r trees were smaller and shorter the higher they sat on Nevado de Toluca.Still，many made it past their first year.On average，80 percent of seedlings that got moved to locations 2.3℃ colder than their home regions survived at least three years.
Turning the experiment into reality will likely face many challenges.And even if the trees can survive a longer term，another question remains：Will monarch butterflies find them？
（1）What did Sáenz﹣Romero stress concerning oyamel fir trees in paragraph 2？ 　 　
A.Central Mexico has been inhabitable for them.
B.It's necessary to grow them on taller mountains.
C.The high﹣elevation coldness does harm to them.
D.Monarch butterflies are essential for their survival.
（2）Why did Sáenz﹣Romero mention The Lord of the Rings？ 　 　
A.To highlight the significance of growing trees.
B.To indicate the work required for the experiment.
C.To demonstrate his leading role in the experiment.
D.To explain the cause of the failure of the experiment.
（3）What did Sáenz﹣Romero's team do for the experiment？ 　 　
A.They planted trees at different elevations.
B.They employed lab﹣grown oyamel fir seeds.
C.They cut down some trees in a local reserve.
D.They chose warmer habitat for oyamel fir trees.
（4）What can be learned about the experiment？ 　 　
A.It definitely promises a bright future.
B.It turns out to be of little value.
C.It threatens monarch butterflies.
D.It has achieved initial success.
15．（2025 文县模拟） Have you ever felt so convinced you were right about something，that the thought of anyone challenging your belief could only mean they didn't know as much as you did？If you have，you're not alone.
Here's why：you don't have all the facts but believe that you do.So you may stand your ground during heated debates，according to a new study. "Most people on average do this，" said the study co﹣author Angus Fletcher，a professor at Ohio State University.
In the experiment，1，261 adults were divided into three groups to read an article about a fictional school that lacked water.One group read an article that only gave reasons why the school should merge （合并） with another that had water；the second group's article only gave reasons for staying separate and hoping for other solutions.The third control group read all the arguments for the schools merging and for staying separate.
Fletcher's findings showed that the two groups who received only half the facts﹣either just the pro﹣merging or the just the anti﹣merging arguments﹣ ﹣believed they had enough information to make a good decision.What Fletcher didn't expect the most was that once everyone was given the other half of the argument，their opinions shifted to be equal to the control group who had both sets of facts from the beginning.
Therefore，curiosity about all sides of an argument can help resolve conflicts naturally. "If you feel yourself being annoyed by someone，lake a step back and say，how much do I really know about this situation？" Fletcher says.What led to greater understanding between the different groups in the study was access to all of the facts.Once each group independently reviewed the new information，they were able to come to a general agreement more easily.
He recommends that if you find yourself conflicting with a loved one or coworker，to pause and get curious about why they are thinking the way they are. "The odds are good that they'll reveal something that would shift your perspective，" Fletcher says.
（1）What do we tend to do during a heated debate according to the text？ 　 　
A.Stick to our opinion.
B.Express our feelings.
C.Hold back our emotions.
D.Bring forth our thinking.
（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning the experiment？ 　 　
A.Its process.
B.Its outcome.
C.Its theory.
D.Its purpose.
（3）What surprised Fletcher about the findings？ 　 　
A.Perspectives of control groups remained unchanged.
B.Participants sought the opposite groups' information.
C.All three groups were good at making wise decisions.
D.Views of half﹣informed groups changed with full facts.
（4）What can be a suitable title of the text？ 　 　
A.Argument：to be resolved or not.
B.Knowledge：the more，the better.
C.Agreement：to convince all sides.
D.Curiosity：the key to "no conflict".
16．（2025 甘肃一模） In a typical residential area of Hong Kong（HK），the basketball courts at Kennedy Town Playground（KTP） are surprisingly busy ﹣not with players，but with tourists.Located on a hill，the courts provide great views of the Hong Kong skyline，making them an unexpected attraction.
This trend began with a hot post on the social media platform Xiaohongshu，turning the playground into a unique spot for photo opportunities.The post gathered over 13，000 likes and 15，000 saves，illustrating the concept of"planting grass".
"Planting grass"，or zhongcao，refers to recommending products or experiences to make others interested in trying them.This phenomenon has become a key driver of tourism and commerce，creating what's now called the "grass planting economy"，which means recommendation﹣based business models.In Fujian，the popularity of a folk tradition known as zanhuawei has turned Quanzhou into a vibrant cultural destination.Similarly，Jingdezhen in Jiangxi，famous for its porcelain art，has become popular among young travelers due to"planting grass"posts.
The charm of this model comes from how real it feels：Millions of users act as city ambassadors，sharing personal recommendations.Different from traditional tours，the trips described in these posts feature the hidden charm of the cities and build meaningful connections with local culture，boosting tourism，according to Xinhua.
This phenomenon is not limited to Chinese social media，however.Globally，platforms like Instagram have also driven recommendation﹣based marketing.Data analysis company DataReportal revealed that in 2023，62.2 percent of Instagram users followed or researched brands through the platform，highlighting its influence on purchasing behavior.
While"planting grass"can help the economy grow，it also carries some risks.Following trends without caution may lead to over crowding and danger.In Hong Kong，21 popular locations recommended on social media often attract tourists who crowd narrow sidewalks，blocking locals﹣particularly the elderly ﹣from passing through.
（1）What makes the basketball courts at KTP popular with tourists？ 　 　
A.Its interesting activities.
B.Its historical significance.
C.Its great views of the HK skyline.
D.Its various shopping malls.
（2）Why does the author mention Quanzhou and Jingdezhen？ 　 　
A.To give reasons.
B.To give examples.
C.To make comparisons.
D.To make advertisements.
（3）What does the underlined term"city ambassadors"in paragraph 4 refer to？ 　 　
A.Celebrities promoting a city.
B.Travel agents specializing in city tours.
C.Users sharing their own recommendations.
D.Officials representing a city's government.
（4）How is the text structured？ 　 　
A.Problem﹣Cause﹣Impact﹣Solution.
B.Cause﹣Effect﹣Example﹣Conclusion.
C.Introduction﹣Benefit﹣Problem﹣Cause.
D.Phenomenon﹣Definition﹣Impact﹣Problem.
17．（2025 泰安一模） The brains of lonely individuals respond to video stimuli（刺激） in unique ways dissimilar from their peers（同龄人），while the brains of less lonely people respond similarly to others'，suggesting that lonely individuals may process the world differently，which could worsen or even lead to their loneliness.
Elisa Baek led the investigation when she was a postdoctoral fellow at UCLA.She and her colleagues used functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）（功能性磁共振成像） to record the brains of 66 college students as they watched a collection of 14 short videos during a 90﹣minute session.The videos included sparkles from sporting events，footage from documentaries，and emotional illustrations of human life.After going through the lengthy scans，the students subsequently completed an extensive questionnaire intended to measure how lonely they felt.
Baek and her co﹣authors divided the students into "lonely"and "nonlonely"groups，determined by their scores from the survey.They then conducted a thorough statistical analysis in which each individual's brain imaging results were compared to every other individual's.They found that the lonelier a person was，the more distinct their brain imaging results were compared to those of the other volunteers.
The results held even when controlling for the number of friends each participant reported，reconfirming prior research showing that anyone can be lonely regardless of their social connections.
"These findings raise the possibility that being surrounded mostly by people who view the world differently from oneself may be a risk factor for loneliness（even if one socialises regularly with them），"the researchers wrote.
This could factor into why people tend to silo（封闭） themselves within friend groups and communities which share their views，a near universal trend that plays out in our online lives as well，often in a more extreme manner.
A key question left unresolved is whether the unique brain processing observed in lonely individuals is a cause or an effect of their feelings of disconnection.A long﹣term study in which participants come into the lab for repeated scans over months or even years could provide an answer.
（1）What can we learn about lonely people from the investigation？ 　 　
A.They get along well with their peers.
B.They perceive the world differently.
C.They seek diversity in social interactions.
D.They process information with great accuracy.
（2）How were the participants categorized？ 　 　
A.By their questionnaire scores.
B.By their social performances.
C.By the number of their friends.
D.By the results of their brain imaging.
（3）Who of the following is more likely to suffer loneliness？ 　 　
A.Allen who has few online friends.
B.Bruce who walks in nature habitually.
C.Cindy who watches short videos every day.
D.Daisy who hardly shares her friends' views.
（4）What will future studies focus on？ 　 　
A.The downside of social disconnection.
B.The feelings of lonely and less lonely individuals.
C.The connection between brain processing and loneliness.
D.The influence of various world views on lonely individuals.
18．（2025 深圳四模） In the ever﹣evolving landscape of global finance，the role of medium﹣ and long﹣term funds has become increasingly pivotal.These funds，characterized by their extended investment horizons and a focus on stable，long﹣term returns，are the bedrock of sustainable economic growth.They encompass a diverse range of financial instruments，including commercial insurance funds，national social security funds，basic pension funds，enterprise annuity funds，and public funds.The recent initiative to bolster the presence of these funds in China's capital market is not merely a policy adjustment；it is a strategic overhaul with far﹣reaching implications.
Globally，institutional investors and long﹣term funds are recognized as the vanguards of market stability and growth.Countries like Norway，with its Government Pension Fund，and Japan，with its Government Pension Investment Fund，have demonstrated the transformative power of long﹣term capital in driving economic resilience and innovation.These funds，by virtue of their size and long﹣term outlook，are able to weather short﹣term market volatilities（波动） and focus on the bigger picture of sustainable returns.China，with its burgeoning economy and rapidly maturing capital markets，is poised to join the ranks of these global leaders.The current initiative to attract more medium﹣ and long﹣term funds is a testament to China's ambition to create a more stable，efficient，and resilient financial ecosystem.
The entry of medium﹣ and long﹣term funds into the capital market is not just about increasing liquidity；it is about fostering a culture of long﹣term investment.These funds，with their professional management and disciplined approach，act as a stabilizing force.They can hold stocks for the long term，which helps to smooth out the impact of short﹣term market fluctuations and reduces the likelihood of speculative bubbles.
Moreover，the presence of these funds can significantly enhance market efficiency.By channeling capital into sectors with high growth potential and sustainable business models，they ensure that resources are allocated more effectively.This，in turn，supports the real economy，promoting high﹣quality development and innovation.
The Chinese government recognizes that attracting medium﹣ and long﹣term funds requires a conducive market environment.The implementation plan，therefore，prioritizes the improvement of listed companies' returns.Measures such as encouraging share buybacks and implementing multiple dividends（红利） per year are designed to enhance the appeal of the capital market.Furthermore，the plan emphasizes the importance of a robust market ecology.This includes strengthening the binding of interests between fund companies，senior executives，fund managers，and investors.By aligning the incentives of these stakeholders，the plan aims to ensure that investment decisions are made with a long﹣term perspective，prioritizing the return on investment and the sustainable growth of the market.
For social security funds and basic pension funds，safety and liquidity are paramount.The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other relevant departments have underscored the need to steadily increase investment in the stock market while ensuring the safety and liquidity of assets.This balanced approach is crucial for maintaining and increasing the value of these funds，thereby supporting the virtuous cycle of capital appreciation and market stability.
The accelerated entry of medium﹣ and long﹣term funds into the capital market is a long﹣term mission that requires the concerted efforts of all stakeholders.The implementation plan，with its rigorous top﹣level design and clear details，is a significant step in the right direction.However，the success of this initiative hinges on the continued collaboration of various departments and the unwavering commitment to fostering a market ecology that supports long﹣term investment.
In conclusion，the strategic importance of medium﹣ and long﹣term funds cannot be overstated.They are the linchpin of a stable，efficient，and resilient financial ecosystem.By attracting these funds，China is not only securing its economic future but also positioning itself as a leader in global finance.The journey ahead is challenging，but with the right policies and a shared vision，the goal of a vibrant and sustainable capital market is within reach.
（1）The passage suggests that while medium﹣ and long﹣term funds are beneficial for market stability，their entry into the market is often hindered by： 　 　
A.the lack of immediate profitability.
B.resistance from short﹣term investors.
C.the inherent difficulty in aligning their long﹣term goals with short﹣term market cycles.
D.stringent government regulations.
（2）Which of the following is potential unintended consequence of promoting medium﹣ and long﹣term funds in the market？ 　 　
A.Increased market volatility due to frequent trading.
B.A decrease in the number of short﹣term investment opportunities.
C.The potential for reduced market liquidity if funds are locked in for extended periods.
D.A shift in focus from corporate earnings to dividend payments.
（3）The author implies that the key to sustaining the growth of medium﹣ and long﹣term funds lies in： 　 　
A.diversifying investment portfolios.
B.fostering a market environment that rewards long﹣term investment strategies.
C.increasing government subsidies for these funds.
D.attracting more individual investors.
（4）According to the passage，what is the most significant challenge for fund managers of medium﹣ and long﹣term funds？ 　 　
A.Balancing the interests of different stakeholder groups.
B.Maintaining discipline and focus on long﹣term goals amidst short﹣term market fluctuations.
C.Adhering to strict regulatory requirements.
D.Competing with other types of investment funds.
19．（2025 江西模拟） The spinal cord（脊髓） is the control cable that connects the brain to the rest of the body.If it is cut，people lose the ability to move their body below the site of the injury.But if it is only partly cut，the brain can sometimes adapt to the damage.Some people who are paralyzed by a spinal cord injury can gradually regain at least a limited ability to walk.Exactly which bits of the brain are involved in this adaptation is not clear.But in a paper published in Nature Medicine，a group of researchers shed some light.They demonstrate that stimulation of the right bits of the brain can produce dramatic improvements in the ability of patients to walk again.
To find out which regions of the brain are crucial，the researchers built detailed maps of the brains of a dozen mice whose spinal cords had been partially cut.By examining some brains shortly after the injury，and others later，as the animals were regaining the ability to walk，the researchers identified a set of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus（LH） as the likely culprit.The LH is best known for being involved with hunger，thirst and other involuntary functions of the nervous system.
To confirm their findings，the researchers used a technique called optogeneties，which involves changing living cells to express light﹣sensitive proteins.Artificially stimulating the activity of neurons in the LH improved the ability of injured animals to walk.Optogeneties is not generally approved for use in humans.But an alternative method of stimulating neurons，deep﹣brain stimulation（DBS），is.The researchers then tested DBS on rats and found that zapping（用电流震击） neurons in the brains of injured rats helped them regain the ability to walk.
The final step was to try it in people.The researchers recruited two volunteers who had suffered spinal injuries and then relearned how to walk with assistance.The electrodes（电极） were implanted in them while they were conscious.Before the operation，one of them had hoped to walk without braces；the other to climb and descend a staircase unaided.Both achieved their goals.Success in two people is not enough to make DBS generally available.The next step is to investigate whether brain stimulation might boost the power of an existing treatment﹣stimulation of the spinal cord itself.
（1）What does the term"culprit"in the second paragraph most likely refer to？ 　 　
A.A specific part of the brain.
B.An unexpected result.
C.A dangerous situation.
D.A harmful substance.
（2）Why did the researchers use optogeneties in their study？ 　 　
A.To create detailed brain maps.
B.To stimulate neurons in the LH.
C.To test the effectiveness of DBS.
D.To identify regions involved in walking.
（3）What can be inferred about the use of DBS in humans from the passage？ 　 　
A.DBS is widely used in treating spinal cord injuries.
B.DBS has shown promising results in early human trials.
C.DBS is in the experimental stage for spinal cord injuries.
D.DBS is less effective than optogeneties for the researchers.
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage？ 　 　
A.To compare different techniques for treating spinal cord injuries.
B.To describe the function of the spinal cord after spinal cord injuries.
C.To explain the process of brain adaptation after spinal cord injuries.
D.To discuss the potential of brain stimulation in treating spinal cord injuries.
20．（2025 河南二模） Smell is probably our most underappreciated sense.But a loss of smell has been linked to health problems such as depression and cognitive（认知的） decline.And mounting evidence shows that smelling training may help prevent that decline.
Now，a team of researchers led by Michael Leon，has successfully boosted cognitive performance by exposing people to smells while they sleep.Twenty participants﹣all older than 60 and generally healthy﹣received six months of overnight smell enrichment，and all significantly improved their ability to recall lists of words.
The scientists are unsure about how the overnight smell may have produced this result.But Leon notes that the neurons（神经元） involved in our smelling have"direct superhighway access" to brain regions related to memory and emotion.In participants who received the treatment，the study authors observed the physical changes in a brain structure that connects the memory and emotional centers﹣a pathway that often deteriorates as people age.
Previous successful attempts to boost memory with smell typically relied on complicated interventions with multiple exposures a day.If the nighttime treatment proves successful in large tests，it promises to be a convenient way to achieve similar effects，says Vidya Kamath，a neuropsychologist at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Larger experiments may also help answer some remaining questions.The new study used widely available essential oils，but researchers aren't sure if just any smell would get the same results.They don't know how much an essential oil's qualities affect the cognitive gains.It is also unclear how much novelty plays a role，says Michael Pieniak，a psychology researcher at the University of Wroclaw in Poland who has studied smelling training.Overnight smells could be a strong line for further study.But Pieniak cautions fans of smell training from running to try it.The results are promising，but just a start and should be repeated with more particular participants.
（1）What's Leon's research intended to check？ 　 　
A.If it can enhance cognitive ability.
B.If it can help cure sleeplessness.
C.If it can recover the sense of smell.
D.If it can improve physical health.
（2）What happens to the participants in the experiment？ 　 　
A.They suffer from depression.
B.They remember smell far better.
C.They become more emotional.
D.They have changes in their brains.
（3）What does the underlined word"deteriorates"in paragraph 3 mean？ 　 　
A.Remains stable.
B.Recovers gradually.
C.Becomes worse.
D.Disappears completely.
（4）What is Michael Pieniak's attitude towards the findings？ 　 　
A.Cautious.
B.Optimistic.
C.Critical.
D.Enthusiastic.
2025年高考英语复习考前预测：说明文阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025 晋中模拟） The Internet is often criticized as a source of many modern﹣day challenges，from comparison traps and information overload to negativity biases.These issues are closely associated with our digital culture，raising concerns about its impact on mental health and social well﹣being.However，a new study by the Oxford Internet Institute suggests that the Internet's role in our lives is not entirely negative.In fact，it may also be a significant driver of life satisfaction and social well﹣being for man people.
The study，which analyzed data from 168 countries between 2006 and 2021，involved over two million participants aged 15 to 99.Researchers examined eight indicators of well﹣being，including life satisfaction，daily positive and negative experiences，and community well﹣being.The findings revealed that in 85% of cases，Internet access and active Internet use were associated with higher levels of well﹣being.For the majority of individuals，the Internet serves as a powerful tool for connection，education，and personal gr

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