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中考英语语法填空必背词汇及用法
一、动词类（时态/语态/非谓语动词）
1. afford (v.) 负担得起 → afford to do
例句：Few people can afford to buy a house in big cities.
2. avoid (v.) 避免 → avoid doing
例句：He avoided answering the question directly.
3. suggest (v.) 建议 → suggest doing / suggest that + (should) do
例句：I suggest (that) we (should) start early.
4. permit (v.) 允许 → permit doing / permit sb. to do
例句：The school doesn’t permit students to use phones in class.
5. require (v.) 要求 → require doing（被动含义）/ require sb. to do
例句：This task requires careful planning.
6. pretend (v.) 假装 → pretend to do / pretend to be doing
例句：She pretended to be reading when the teacher came in.
7. delay (v.) 推迟 → delay doing
例句：They delayed holding the meeting due to the storm.
8. resist (v.) 抵抗 → resist doing
例句：He couldn’t resist laughing at the joke.
9. appreciate (v.) 感激 → appreciate doing
例句：I would appreciate receiving your reply soon.
10. regret (v.) 后悔 → regret doing（已做）/ regret to do（将做）
例句：I regret telling him the secret.
二、名词类（单复数/不可数名词/所有格）
1. equipment (n.) 设备 → 不可数（不加s）
例句：The lab needs new equipment.
2. information (n.) 信息 → 不可数
例句：He collected useful information for his report.
3. advice (n.) 建议 → 不可数（需用a piece of advice）
例句：She gave me some good advice.
4. knowledge (n.) 知识 → 不可数
例句：Knowledge is power.
5. phenomenon (n.) 现象 → 复数phenomena
例句：These natural phenomena are fascinating.
6. criterion (n.) 标准 → 复数criteria
例句：The criteria for selection are strict.
7. childhood (n.) 童年 → 不可数
例句：Childhood memories often stay with us forever.
8. progress (n.) 进步 → 不可数
例句：He has made great progress in English.
9. furniture (n.) 家具 → 不可数
例句：They bought some modern furniture.
10. behavior (n.) 行为 → 不可数
例句：His behavior in class needs improvement.
三、形容词/副词类（比较级/最高级/易混淆词）
1. economic (adj.) 经济的 vs. economical (adj.) 节俭的
例句：The government introduced new economic policies. / She is economical with her money.
2. historic (adj.) 历史性的 vs. historical (adj.) 历史的
例句：This is a historic moment. / The book is based on historical events.
3. sensitive (adj.) 敏感的 vs. sensible (adj.) 明智的
例句：She is sensitive to criticism. / His sensible advice saved us time.
4. hard (adv.) 努力地 vs. hardly (adv.) 几乎不
例句：He works hard every day. / I could hardly hear the speaker.
5. late (adj./adv.) 迟的 vs. lately (adv.) 最近
例句：He arrived late. / Have you seen her lately
6. high (adj./adv.) 高的 vs. highly (adv.) 高度地
例句：The plane flew high. / She is highly respected.
7. close (adj./adv.) 接近的 vs. closely (adv.) 密切地
例句：Stay close to me. / Watch closely how I do it.
8. farther (adj./adv.) 更远（具体距离） vs. further (adj./adv.) 进一步（抽象）
例句：The store is farther away. / We need further discussion.
9. elder (adj.) 年长的（仅作定语） vs. older (adj.) 更老的（可作表语）
例句：My elder brother is a doctor. / This building is older than that one.
10. interested (adj.) 感兴趣的 vs. interesting (adj.) 有趣的
例句：I’m interested in art. / This is an interesting book.
四、介词/连词类（固定搭配/逻辑关系）
1. due to 由于 → 后接名词/动名词
例句：The delay was due to heavy traffic.
2. in spite of 尽管 → 后接名词
例句：In spite of the rain, they went hiking.
3. on account of 因为 → 正式用语
例句：The game was canceled on account of the storm.
4. as a result of 由于
例句：As a result of his efforts, he succeeded.
5. not only...but also... 不仅…而且…
例句：Not only does he study hard, but he also helps others.
6. either...or... 要么…要么…
例句：You can either stay here or leave now.
7. neither...nor... 既不…也不…
例句：Neither the teacher nor the students were present.
8. so that 以便（表目的）
例句：He got up early so that he could catch the train.
9. such...that... 如此…以至于…
例句：It was such a hot day that we stayed indoors.
10. even if/though 即使
例句：Even if it rains, we’ll go out.
五、代词/冠词类（易错点）
1. another 另一个（三者以上） vs. the other （两者中的另一个）
例句：This shirt is too small; please show me another. / He has two cats; one is black, the other is white.
2. few 几乎没有（可数） vs. little 几乎没有（不可数）
例句：Few students passed the exam. / There is little water left.
3. a/an 不定冠词 → a用于辅音音素开头的词，an用于元音音素开头的词
例句：a university / an hour
4. the 定冠词 → 特指或唯一事物
例句：The sun rises in the east.
5. each other 互相（两者） vs. one another 互相（三者以上）
例句：The two friends helped each other. / The team members supported one another.

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