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易错点11 动词的时态（一般将来时、过去进行时和现在完成时）
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如： tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来），in a few days等。
1、基本结构：be going to＋动词原形 2. will＋动词原形
一般将来时：be going to＋动词原形
意为自己打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事，be 动词随主语不同可变为is,am,are.它的句式变化如下：
肯定句 主语+be going to do+其他
否定句 主语+be not going to do +其他
一般疑问句 Be +主语+going to do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+be.
否定回答 No, 主语+be not.
一般将来时：will＋动词原形
用于描述未来的事情或表达对将来的预测等，will没有人称和数的变化，它的句式变化为：
肯定句 主语+will do+其他
否定句 主语+will not/won’t do do +其他
一般疑问句 Will +主语+ do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+will.
否定回答 No, 主语+won’t.
2. will 和be going to 的区别
will 和be going to一般可以互用，但有时有区别：
含时间和条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时，多用will.
如果不是以人的意愿为转移，将来肯定会发生的动作和状态，多用will
be going to根据迹象推测，有可能发生的事情或计划要做的事情。
3. there be 句型的一般将来式：1.There is/are going to be 2. There will be
它的句式变化为：
肯定句 There is/are going to be+主语+其他 There will be+主语+其他
否定句 There is/are not going to be+主语+其他 There will not /won’t be+主语+其他
一般疑问句 Is/Are there going to be+主语+其他？ Will there be+主语+其他
肯定回答 Yes, there is/are. Yes, there will.
否定回答 No, there isn’t/aren’t. No, there won’t.
1．（2025·甘肃陇南·一模）—When will we fly the kite
—As soon as your homework is finished, I ________ with you.
A．go B．will go C．going D．went
2．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Our home town ________ a new bridge over the river.
—The plan is expected to bring more hope to the villagers.
A．builds B．built C．has built D．will build
3．（2025·山东东营·一模）—I wonder if you ________ fishing with me this weekend.
—I will go with you if I ________ nothing more important.
A．will go; will have B．go; have C．go; will have D．will go; have
4．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）Thanks a lot for your advice on our new school project! We ________ it at the next meeting.
A．considered B．will consider C．have considered D．are considering
5．（2025·江西南昌·一模）—What’s your plan for the weekend
—Oh, I plan to go climbing and then I ________ by a friend’s home in the countryside.
A．dropped B．was dropping C．will drop D．have dropped
6．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）There ________ a basketball game between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow afternoon.
A．is B．was C．will be D．has been
7．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Do you know if the new energy vehicle factory ________ next year
—Yes, it will create 5,000 jobs.
A．opens B．will open C．opened D．is opening
8．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）There ______ a football match on TV tomorrow evening.
A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．are going to be
9．（2024·云南昆明·二模）—Has Sam safely arrived home yet
—He hasn’t sent any messages to me. I ________a phone call to check that.
A．have made B．made C．is making D．will make
10．（24-25九年级·湖北武汉·自主招生）I hope my parents ________ ask me about my marks.
A．not B．not to C．won’t D．don’t
过去进行时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home
11．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Did you have a good sleep last night
—No. My neighbor ________ the guitar the whole night.
A．is playing B．has played C．was playing D．plays
12．（2025·安徽·一模）—I saw the light of your room was still on at two o’ clock last night.
—Oh, I ________ a football match of the European Cup.
A．watched B．have watched C．will watch D．was watching
13．（2025·安徽亳州·一模）The policeman asked him what he ________ when the accident happened.
A．will do B．does C．is doing D．was doing
14．（24-25九年级下·江西九江·开学考试）—You said that you didn’t break my glasses. How can you prove it
—I was not here. I _________ books in the library with Linda at that moment.
A．will read B．have read C．was reading D．is reading
15．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—What were you doing at this time yesterday
—I ________ a book.
A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read
16．（24-25九年级下·甘肃张掖·开学考试）He ________ an English book when I came in.
A．reads B．had read C．will read D．was reading
17．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Didn’t you hear that
—Oh, I ________ an online lesson when the doorbell rang.
A．will take B．have taken C．am taking D．was taking
18．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）—Why did you go to the hospital yesterday
—My smartwatch showed unusual data (数据) while I ________ my health report at 10 p.m.
A．checked B．was checking C．am checking D．have checked
19．（2025九年级·江苏·专题练习）—I called you at 3 p.m. yesterday, but you didn’t answer.
—I ________ an experiment on Chemistry in the school lab.
A．was doing B．did C．do D．have done
20．（24-25九年级下·天津·开学考试）While we ________ an English song, some visitors came to our class this morning.
A．sing B．will sing C．were singing D．are singing
现在完成时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years
注意：
与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词（见下表）。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，how long。
2. 常用的现在完成时的句型结构
（1）It has been / It’s+时间段+since+过去时从句 / 过去的时间
如：It has been / It’s three years since we met each other last time.自从我们上次见面以来已经有三年了。
3. 现在完成时用法辨析
（1）already用于肯定句；yet用于否定句或疑问句。
如：He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。
I haven’t fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。
（2）for+一段时间，表示“持续……”
since+ … ago / 过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来” 。
如：I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。
I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我从三年前开始就在这所学校学习了。
I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 自从我12岁以来就在这学校学习了。
（3）have been to/have gone to/have been（in/at）区别
have been to表示“曾经去过（人已回来）”
have gone to意为“已经去了（人不在这里）”
have been （in/ at …） 表示“待在……一段时间”。
如：Have you ever been to HK 你曾经去过香港吗？
Linda isn’t at home. She has gone to the library. 琳达不在家，她已经去了图书馆。
The Greens have been in China for 10 years. 格林一家人已经待在中国10年了。
（4）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。
如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了）
I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义）
Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？
21．（2025·云南大理·一模）In the past few years, great changes ________ in Dali.
A．take place B．took place C．have taken place D．have been taken place
22．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Congratulations! You did a great job in today’s speaking competition.
—Thanks. In fact, I _______ many times for it and my efforts pay off now.
A．am practising B．practise C．will practise D．have practised
23．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—________ Thomas ________ Kate for five years
—Yes, and they ________ a child two year ago.
A．Has; married; had B．Has; been married to; had
C．Did; marry; have had D．Did; get married to; have had
24．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Great! The car works again!
—Yes! Your dad ________ the problem. It took him about an hour.
A．is solving B．has solved C．will solve D．was solving
25．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ popular with people at home and abroad since it came out.
A．is B．has been C．was D．will be
26．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Is your father in
—No, he ________ for three hours.
A．has left B．has been out
C．went out D．has gone out
27．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）I ______ China for three years but this is the first time I’ve tried hanfu.
A．have gone to B．have been to C．have arrived in D．have been in
28．（2025·江苏南通·一模）—The great scientist Yuan Longping ________ for nearly two years.
—Yes. But he will be greatly missed by all of us.
A．has died B．has passed away C．has been dead D．died
29．（24-25九年级下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）The baby is lying there with his eyes wide open. How long ______ he ______
A．did, wake up B．has, been awake C．has, been up D．has, been waking up
30．（2025·云南·一模）My father _______ to Shanghai on business. He will come back in two days.
A．has gone B．has been C．went D．will go
用所给词的正确形式填空。
31．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Some people believe robots (take) most jobs away from humans in the future.
32．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）There (be) at least six underground lines in Wuxi in five years’ time.
33．（2024·西藏·中考真题）I (read) stories to my sister while my mother was cooking.
34．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Peter (have) supper with his parents yesterday when the phone rang.
35．（2024·西藏·中考真题）China (plan) to export (出口) railway technology to countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路) so far.
36．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Have you ever (try) Chinese food outside of China
37．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Can I use your computer to search for information
—Go ahead. The engineer (repair) it.
38．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）It’s reported that the price of gold (rise) a lot during the last six months.
39．（24-25九年级下·重庆·阶段练习）The development of science (bring) us new changes in the past few years.
40．（24-25九年级下·广东深圳·开学考试）In recent years, our school much greener with the efforts of students and teachers. (grow)
41．（24-25九年级下·江苏无锡·开学考试）Since Joe (wear) out the old shoes, he’s going to buy a new pair.
42．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）While the tourists (ride) along Jiangyin Bund, all of a sudden it began to snow heavily.
43．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）James (read) the English novel last month, but he still needs four days.
44．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）When we arrived at the top of the mountain, the sun (shine) brightly.
45．（2025·甘肃定西·一模）Peter missed my call yesterday because he (drive) home at that time.
46．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—How soon Wuxi Metro Line 5 (be) in service
—Maybe in two years.
47．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Do you know if Millie is aware of the meeting this Friday morning
—I suppose so, but I (remind) her of it when I meet her.
48．（24-25九年级上·甘肃平凉·阶段练习）They believe that they (be) back next year.
49．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）The boy asks whether there (be) little clean water for people to drink in the future.
50．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Some people believe that dreams can tell them what (happen) in the future.
51．（23-24七年级下·上海宝山·开学考试）Don’t worry, he (catch) up with the other soon.
52．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）On Christmas Eve, I opened the window, only to find that it (snow) and the snow began to pile up slowly.
53．（2025九年级·湖南·专题练习）The telephone rang while I (listen) to music last night.
54．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Gina and Tina (read) stories at this time yesterday.
55．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—You look tired and sleepy with dark circles under eyes. What’s wrong with you
—I stayed up late last night. I (write) my report from 9 o’clock to midnight.
56．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Terribly sorry, what did you say just now I (listen) to a voice message on the mobile.
57．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The train (reach) in a few minute.
58．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）Sooner or later, there (be) more people falling in love with traditional Chinese clothes.
59．（2025九年级·湖南·专题练习）Hurry up! The sky is covered with black clouds. I’m afraid it (rain).
60．（24-25九年级上·甘肃陇南·期末）My mother asks me if I (visit) my grandparents next Saturday.
61．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）They (visit) the Golden Gate Bridge this afternoon, aren’t they
62．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The holiday you are looking forward to (start) in five days.
63．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My sister (read) a book in the study when I arrived home.
64．（24-25九年级上·甘肃天水·期末）Have they (repair) the broken window
65．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）—Where’s Tommy
—He (go) to the city library with friends. He’ll be back this afternoon.
66．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）The cost of living in this city (rise) by 30% over the past few years.
67．（24-25九年级上·内蒙古通辽·期末）—Hey, what’s going on I don’t even know you.
—I’m so sorry, madam. I have you for someone else. (mistake)
68．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期末）The old couple (marry) for about fifty years.
69．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Recently, a number of people (fall) in love with Hanfu.
70．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）I (visit) Mucheng Park several times, so I know a lot about it.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)易错点11 动词的时态（一般将来时、过去进行时和现在完成时）
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如： tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来），in a few days等。
1、基本结构：be going to＋动词原形 2. will＋动词原形
一般将来时：be going to＋动词原形
意为自己打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事，be 动词随主语不同可变为is,am,are.它的句式变化如下：
肯定句 主语+be going to do+其他
否定句 主语+be not going to do +其他
一般疑问句 Be +主语+going to do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+be.
否定回答 No, 主语+be not.
一般将来时：will＋动词原形
用于描述未来的事情或表达对将来的预测等，will没有人称和数的变化，它的句式变化为：
肯定句 主语+will do+其他
否定句 主语+will not/won’t do do +其他
一般疑问句 Will +主语+ do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+will.
否定回答 No, 主语+won’t.
2. will 和be going to 的区别
will 和be going to一般可以互用，但有时有区别：
含时间和条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时，多用will.
如果不是以人的意愿为转移，将来肯定会发生的动作和状态，多用will
be going to根据迹象推测，有可能发生的事情或计划要做的事情。
3. there be 句型的一般将来式：1.There is/are going to be 2. There will be
它的句式变化为：
肯定句 There is/are going to be+主语+其他 There will be+主语+其他
否定句 There is/are not going to be+主语+其他 There will not /won’t be+主语+其他
一般疑问句 Is/Are there going to be+主语+其他？ Will there be+主语+其他
肯定回答 Yes, there is/are. Yes, there will.
否定回答 No, there isn’t/aren’t. No, there won’t.
1．（2025·甘肃陇南·一模）—When will we fly the kite
—As soon as your homework is finished, I ________ with you.
A．go B．will go C．going D．went
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我们什么时候放风筝？——你的作业一做完，我就和你一起去。
考查时态。as soon as引导时间状语从句时，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时，B项符合。故选B。
2．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Our home town ________ a new bridge over the river.
—The plan is expected to bring more hope to the villagers.
A．builds B．built C．has built D．will build
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我们的家乡将在河上建造一座新桥。——这个计划预计将给村民们带来更多的希望。
考查动词时态。builds建造，第三人称单数形式；built建造，过去式或过去分词；has built建造，现在完成时；will build将建造，一般将来时。根据“The plan is expected to bring more hope to the villagers.”可知，这个计划预计将给村民们带来更多的希望，空格处应用一般将来时。故选D。
3．（2025·山东东营·一模）—I wonder if you ________ fishing with me this weekend.
—I will go with you if I ________ nothing more important.
A．will go; will have B．go; have C．go; will have D．will go; have
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我想知道这周末你是否跟我一起去钓鱼。——如果我没有什么更重要的事情，我就和你一起去。
考查时态。第一句if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，其从句的时态根据实际情况而定。根据“this weekend”可知，用一般将来时。第二句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，故从句用一般现在时。故选D。
4．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）Thanks a lot for your advice on our new school project! We ________ it at the next meeting.
A．considered B．will consider C．have considered D．are considering
【答案】B
【详解】句意：非常感谢你对我们的新学校项目的建议！我们将在下次会议上考虑它。
考查时态。根据时间状语“at the next meeting”，表示将来动作，用一般将来时“will consider”。故选B。
5．（2025·江西南昌·一模）—What’s your plan for the weekend
—Oh, I plan to go climbing and then I ________ by a friend’s home in the countryside.
A．dropped B．was dropping C．will drop D．have dropped
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你周末有什么计划？——哦，我计划去爬山，然后我会顺路去乡下一个朋友家。
考查时态。根据“plan to go climbing and then...”可知，这是一个未来的计划，接下来的动作应该用一般将来时（will do）。故选C。
6．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）There ________ a basketball game between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow afternoon.
A．is B．was C．will be D．has been
【答案】C
【详解】句意：明天下午在一班和二班之间有一场篮球比赛。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“tomorrow afternoon”可知，这是一般将来时的时间标志，there be句型的一般将来时是there will be。故选C。
7．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Do you know if the new energy vehicle factory ________ next year
—Yes, it will create 5,000 jobs.
A．opens B．will open C．opened D．is opening
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道这家新能源车工厂明年会开业吗？——是的，它将创造5000个工作岗位。
考查动词时态。根据题干中的“next year”可知，动作发生在将来，应使用一般将来时“will+动词原形”的结构。故选B。
8．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）There ______ a football match on TV tomorrow evening.
A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．are going to be
【答案】C
【详解】句意：明天晚上电视上会有一场足球比赛。
考查there be结构的一般将来时。根据“There”可知该句为there be句型，根据“tomorrow evening”可知句子应用一般将来时，结合there be句型，该句应用There is/are going to be或There will be结构。主语为a football match，be动词应用is。故选C。
9．（2024·云南昆明·二模）—Has Sam safely arrived home yet
—He hasn’t sent any messages to me. I ________a phone call to check that.
A．have made B．made C．is making D．will make
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Sam安全到家了吗？——他还没有给我发任何消息。我将会打个电话确认一下。
考查动词时态。根据“He hasn’t sent any messages to me”可知，说话者还没有确认Sam是否安全到家，因此需要一般将来时表示将要打电话确认，结构是（will do）。故选D。
10．（24-25九年级·湖北武汉·自主招生）I hope my parents ________ ask me about my marks.
A．not B．not to C．won’t D．don’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我希望我的父母不要问我成绩。
考查hope的用法以及时态。hope的用法为“hope to do sth.”以及“hope+that从句”。本题的hope后面是省略了that的宾语从句，从句为否定句，且根据hope可知从句要用将来时，将来时表否定，要用情态动词won’t。故选C。
过去进行时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home
11．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Did you have a good sleep last night
—No. My neighbor ________ the guitar the whole night.
A．is playing B．has played C．was playing D．plays
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你昨晚睡得好吗？——不。我的邻居整晚都在弹吉他。
考查动词时态。根据“last night”和“the whole night”可知，邻居昨天晚上一直在弹吉他，描述过去某段时间正在发生的动作要用过去进行时：was/were doing。故选C。
12．（2025·安徽·一模）—I saw the light of your room was still on at two o’ clock last night.
—Oh, I ________ a football match of the European Cup.
A．watched B．have watched C．will watch D．was watching
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我昨晚两点还看到你房间的灯亮着。——哦，我那时正在看欧洲杯足球赛。
考查动词时态。watched一般过去时；have watched现在完成时；will watch一般将来时；was watching过去进行时。last night at two o’clock意思是“昨晚上两点钟”，为过去的某个时间点，即表示过去某个时刻正在做某事，答句时态需用过去进行时。故选D。
13．（2025·安徽亳州·一模）The policeman asked him what he ________ when the accident happened.
A．will do B．does C．is doing D．was doing
【答案】D
【详解】句意：警察询问他事故发生时他正在做什么。
考查动词时态辨析。根据题干“when the accident happened”可知，需用过去进行时描述当时正在发生的动作，故选D。
14．（24-25九年级下·江西九江·开学考试）—You said that you didn’t break my glasses. How can you prove it
—I was not here. I _________ books in the library with Linda at that moment.
A．will read B．have read C．was reading D．is reading
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你说你没有打碎我的眼镜。你怎么证明呢？——我不在这里。我那时正在图书馆和琳达一起看书。
考查时态。根据“at that moment”可知，此处描述过去的某一时刻正发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是I，be用was。故选C。
15．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—What were you doing at this time yesterday
—I ________ a book.
A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——昨天这个时候你正在做什么？ ——我在读一本书。
考查动词时态。根据问句“What were you doing at this time yesterday ”可知，询问过去某个时间点正在做什么，应用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing；主语为“I”，be动词用was，动词read的现在分词为reading。故选C。
16．（24-25九年级下·甘肃张掖·开学考试）He ________ an English book when I came in.
A．reads B．had read C．will read D．was reading
【答案】D
【详解】句意：当我进来时，他正在读一本英语书。
考查过去进行时。reads读（一般现在时）；had read读过（过去完成时）；will read将读（一般将来时）；was reading正在读（过去进行时）。根据“when I came in”可知，此处表示“当我进来时他正在读书”，用过去进行时符合语境。故选D。
17．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Didn’t you hear that
—Oh, I ________ an online lesson when the doorbell rang.
A．will take B．have taken C．am taking D．was taking
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你没听到吗？——噢，门铃响的时候我正在上网课。
考查时态。根据“I ... an online lesson when the doorbell rang”可知，门铃响的时候我正在上网课，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选D。
18．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）—Why did you go to the hospital yesterday
—My smartwatch showed unusual data (数据) while I ________ my health report at 10 p.m.
A．checked B．was checking C．am checking D．have checked
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么去医院？——当我在十点检查我的健康报告时，我的智能手表显示了异常的数据。
考查时态。根据“while”和“at 10 p.m.”可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示在过去的某个时间点正在做某事，其构成为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语是I，be动词用was，check的现在分词是checking。故选B。
19．（2025九年级·江苏·专题练习）—I called you at 3 p.m. yesterday, but you didn’t answer.
—I ________ an experiment on Chemistry in the school lab.
A．was doing B．did C．do D．have done
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我昨天下午3点给你打电话了，但是你没接。——我当时正在学校实验室做化学实验。
考查过去进行时。was doing正在做，过去进行时；did做了，一般过去时；do做，一般现在时；have done已经做了，现在完成时。根据“I called you at 3 p.m. yesterday”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选A。
20．（24-25九年级下·天津·开学考试）While we ________ an English song, some visitors came to our class this morning.
A．sing B．will sing C．were singing D．are singing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：今天早上，当我们在唱英文歌的时候，一些游客来到了我们班。
考查句子时态。根据“While”与“this morning”可知，while引导的时间状语从句，时态应使用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选C。
现在完成时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years
注意：
与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词（见下表）。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，how long。
2. 常用的现在完成时的句型结构
（1）It has been / It’s+时间段+since+过去时从句 / 过去的时间
如：It has been / It’s three years since we met each other last time.自从我们上次见面以来已经有三年了。
3. 现在完成时用法辨析
（1）already用于肯定句；yet用于否定句或疑问句。
如：He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。
I haven’t fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。
（2）for+一段时间，表示“持续……”
since+ … ago / 过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来” 。
如：I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。
I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我从三年前开始就在这所学校学习了。
I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 自从我12岁以来就在这学校学习了。
（3）have been to/have gone to/have been（in/at）区别
have been to表示“曾经去过（人已回来）”
have gone to意为“已经去了（人不在这里）”
have been （in/ at …） 表示“待在……一段时间”。
如：Have you ever been to HK 你曾经去过香港吗？
Linda isn’t at home. She has gone to the library. 琳达不在家，她已经去了图书馆。
The Greens have been in China for 10 years. 格林一家人已经待在中国10年了。
（4）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。
如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了）
I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义）
Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？
21．（2025·云南大理·一模）In the past few years, great changes ________ in Dali.
A．take place B．took place C．have taken place D．have been taken place
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，大理发生了很大的变化。
考查现在完成时。根据“In the past few years”可知，句中时态为现在完成时，表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要继续下去的动作或状态，且主语great changes和动词take place之间是主动关系，所以使用have taken place。故选C。
22．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Congratulations! You did a great job in today’s speaking competition.
—Thanks. In fact, I _______ many times for it and my efforts pay off now.
A．am practising B．practise C．will practise D．have practised
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—— 恭喜！你在今天的演讲比赛中表现得非常出色。 —— 谢谢。事实上，我为此练习了很多次，我的努力现在有了回报。
考查现在完成时。根据“and my efforts pay off now”可知，“练习很多次”这个动作发生在过去，对现在产生了影响，所以该句应用现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，主语为I，助动词用have。故选D。
23．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—________ Thomas ________ Kate for five years
—Yes, and they ________ a child two year ago.
A．Has; married; had B．Has; been married to; had
C．Did; marry; have had D．Did; get married to; have had
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——托马斯和凯特结婚已经五年了吗？——是的，而且他们两年前有了一个孩子。
考查现在完成时和一般过去时。get married to sb“和某人结婚”是一个瞬时性动词，延续性动词为be married to sb。根据“for five years”可知，时态是现在完成时，且与延续性动词连用，一般疑问句的结构是“Has/Have+主语+done”结构，主语Thomas是第三人称单数，助动词应用has；根据“two year ago”可知，答句用一般过去时，表示“有了”一个孩子，第三空应用had。故选B。
24．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—Great! The car works again!
—Yes! Your dad ________ the problem. It took him about an hour.
A．is solving B．has solved C．will solve D．was solving
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——太棒了！汽车又开动了！——是的！你爸爸已经解决了这个问题。他花了大约一个小时。
考查时态辨析。is solving正在解决，用于现在进行时；has solved已经解决，用于现在完成时；will solve将会解决，用于一般将来时；was solving正在解决，用于过去进行时。结合“The car works again!”及“It took him about an hour.”可知，父亲花费了一小时修好了车这个动作对现在的影响是汽车可以再次发动了，说明是“已经解决”了这个问题，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选B。
25．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ popular with people at home and abroad since it came out.
A．is B．has been C．was D．will be
【答案】B
【详解】句意：电影《哪吒2》自上映以来一直受到国内外人们的欢迎。
考查动词的时态。根据“since it came out”可知，此处是现在完成时，其结构是have/has done。故选B。
26．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Is your father in
—No, he ________ for three hours.
A．has left B．has been out
C．went out D．has gone out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你爸爸在家吗？——不，他出去三个小时了。
考查现在完成时。has left离开(现在完成时)；has been out出去(现在完成时)；went out出去(一般过去时)；has gone out出去(现在完成时)。根据“for three hours”，可知此处需使用现在完成时，且搭配持续性动词，leave，go out都是瞬间动词。故选B。
27．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）I ______ China for three years but this is the first time I’ve tried hanfu.
A．have gone to B．have been to C．have arrived in D．have been in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我在中国已经待了三年，但这是我第一次尝试汉服。
考查现在完成时。have gone to去了某地；have been to去过某地；have arrived in到达某地，不与时间段连用；have been in在某地待了多长时间。根据“for three years”是一段时间可知，此处指在中国待了三年时间，用have been in。故选D。
28．（2025·江苏南通·一模）—The great scientist Yuan Longping ________ for nearly two years.
—Yes. But he will be greatly missed by all of us.
A．has died B．has passed away C．has been dead D．died
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——伟大的科学家袁隆平已经去世快两年了。——是的。但是我们所有人都会非常想念他。
考查现在完成时和延续性动词。句子中的时间状语“for nearly two years”表示动作或状态的持续，需用现在完成时，且动词需为延续性动词或状态。die和pass away是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用；dead是形容词，表示状态。故选C。
29．（24-25九年级下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）The baby is lying there with his eyes wide open. How long ______ he ______
A．did, wake up B．has, been awake C．has, been up D．has, been waking up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：婴儿躺在那里，眼睛睁得大大的。他醒了多久了？
考查动词时态和延续性动词。wake up醒来，非延续性动词；be awake醒来，表状态；be up通常指“起床”，不强调“醒着的状态”。“How long”是询问“婴儿已经醒了多久”，需用现在完成时“has+过去分词”表示从过去持续到现在的状态，因此用“has been awake”表示婴儿从过去到现在持续醒着的状态。故选B。
30．（2025·云南·一模）My father _______ to Shanghai on business. He will come back in two days.
A．has gone B．has been C．went D．will go
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我爸爸去上海出差了。他将在两天后回来。
考查时态。has gone to去了某地（还没回来）；has been to去过某地（已经回来）；went去，一般过去时；will go将去，一般将来时。根据“He will come back in two days.”可知，父亲去了上海还没回来，A项符合。故选A。
用所给词的正确形式填空。
31．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Some people believe robots (take) most jobs away from humans in the future.
【答案】will take
【详解】句意：有些人认为机器人将来会抢走人类的大部分工作。根据“in the future”可知，是一般将来时，故填will take。
32．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）There (be) at least six underground lines in Wuxi in five years’ time.
【答案】will be
【详解】句意：未来5年，无锡将至少有6条地铁线路。根据“in five years’ time”可知，时态是一般将来时，故填will be。
33．（2024·西藏·中考真题）I (read) stories to my sister while my mother was cooking.
【答案】was reading
【详解】句意：妈妈做饭的时候，我在给妹妹读书。根据“while my mother was cooking”可知，当while引导的时间状语从句强调两个动作同时进行，主从句都用进行时，结合was可知，此处是过去进行时，主语是I，was reading符合句意，故填was reading。
34．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Peter (have) supper with his parents yesterday when the phone rang.
【答案】was having
【详解】句意：彼得昨天正在和他的父母吃晚饭，这时电话响了。根据“Peter...supper with his parents yesterday when the phone rang.”可知，强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故填was having。
35．（2024·西藏·中考真题）China (plan) to export (出口) railway technology to countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路) so far.
【答案】has planned
【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国计划向“一带一路”沿线国家出口铁路技术。根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时(have/has done)，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。主语China是第三人称单数，因此助动词用has，动词用过去分词形式planned。故填has planned。
36．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Have you ever (try) Chinese food outside of China
【答案】tried
【详解】句意：你在国外吃过中国菜吗？try“尝试”，动词。根据“ever”及“Have…”可知，此处是现在完成时态，结构是have done。故填tried。
37．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Can I use your computer to search for information
—Go ahead. The engineer (repair) it.
【答案】has repaired
【详解】句意：——我可以用你的电脑查资料吗？——用吧。工程师已经修好了。根据答语“Go ahead”可知这里说的是已经修好了电脑，所以时态应该用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语是The engineer，单数形式，所以助动词用has，故填has repaired。
38．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）It’s reported that the price of gold (rise) a lot during the last six months.
【答案】has risen
【详解】句意：据报道，在过去的六个月里，黄金价格大幅上涨。during the last six months意思是“在过去的六个月里”，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，题干时态为现在完成时。现在完成时结构为“have/has+过去分词” ，主语the price of gold是单数，rise的过去分词是risen，故填has risen。
39．（24-25九年级下·重庆·阶段练习）The development of science (bring) us new changes in the past few years.
【答案】has brought
【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，科学的发展给我们带来了新的变化。根据时间状语“in the past few years”，它常与现在完成时连用，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”。句子的主语是“The development of science”，“development”是不可数名词，所以助动词用has。所给单词bring的过去分词是brought，故填has brought。
40．（24-25九年级下·广东深圳·开学考试）In recent years, our school much greener with the efforts of students and teachers. (grow)
【答案】has grown
【详解】句意：在最近几年里，在师生们的努力下，我们的学校已经变得更绿了。根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，本句用现在完成时，其结构是have/has done的形式。主语是our school，这里助动词用has。grow的意思是“变得”，根据题意，故填has grown。
41．（24-25九年级下·江苏无锡·开学考试）Since Joe (wear) out the old shoes, he’s going to buy a new pair.
【答案】has worn
【详解】句意：由于乔已经穿破了旧鞋，他打算买一双新的。句子中的“since”引导原因状语从句，表示“由于乔已经穿破了旧鞋”，主句使用一般将来时，从句需要强调动作的完成对现在的影响（旧鞋已破，因此需要买新鞋），故使用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）。主语第三人称单数，助动词用has，wear的过去分词为worn。故填has worn。
42．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）While the tourists (ride) along Jiangyin Bund, all of a sudden it began to snow heavily.
【答案】were riding
【详解】句意：当游客们在江阴外滩骑行时，突然下起了大雪。根据“While”可知此处是时间状语从句，需用进行时态，结合“began”可知此处用过去进行时（was/were+doing），主语“the tourists”是复数，be动词用were。故填were riding。
43．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）James (read) the English novel last month, but he still needs four days.
【答案】was reading
【详解】句意：上个月James正在读这本英语小说，但他还需要四天才能读完。由句中“last month”和后句“but he still needs four days to finish it.”可知，此句是说上个月一直在读这本英语小说，还没有读完，应用过去进行时，其构成为“was/were doing”，主语James是第三人称单数，应用was构成过去进行时，故填was reading。
44．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）When we arrived at the top of the mountain, the sun (shine) brightly.
【答案】was shining
【详解】句意：当我们到达山顶时，太阳正灿烂地照耀着。shine照耀，动词；根据“When we arrived at the top of the mountain”可知，when引导的从句是一般过去时态，主句应该用过去进行时。结构为“主语+was/were+动词的现在分词形式”，因为主语“the sun”是单数概念，所以be动词应该用was；shine的现在分词是shining。故填was shining。
45．（2025·甘肃定西·一模）Peter missed my call yesterday because he (drive) home at that time.
【答案】was driving
【详解】句意：彼得昨天没接到我的电话，因为他当时正在开车回家。根据“at that time”可知，此处表示的是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，空处所在句的主语为“he”，应填was driving。故填was driving。
46．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—How soon Wuxi Metro Line 5 (be) in service
—Maybe in two years.
【答案】 will be
【详解】句意：——无锡地铁5号线多久能投入运营？——可能两年后。根据“Maybe in two years.”可知时态是一般将来时。助动词用will，后接be动词原形。故填will；be。
47．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Do you know if Millie is aware of the meeting this Friday morning
—I suppose so, but I (remind) her of it when I meet her.
【答案】will remind
【详解】句意：——你知道Millie是否意识到这个星期五上午的会议？——我猜想她知道，但是当我遇到她时，我会提醒她的。根据“this Friday morning”可知，会议还没有开，所以答语用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形。故填will remind。
48．（24-25九年级上·甘肃平凉·阶段练习）They believe that they (be) back next year.
【答案】will be
【详解】句意：他们相信他们明年会回来。句子是宾语从句，主句是现在时，根据“next year”可知从句用一般将来时will do。故填will be。
49．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）The boy asks whether there (be) little clean water for people to drink in the future.
【答案】will be
【详解】句意：男孩问将来是否没有干净的水供人们饮用。根据“in the future”可知，时态是一般将来时，will be符合句意，故填will be。
50．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Some people believe that dreams can tell them what (happen) in the future.
【答案】will happen
【详解】句意：有些人相信梦能告诉他们将来会发生什么。根据句中的时间状语in the future可知，从句的时态是一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形。故填will happen。
51．（23-24七年级下·上海宝山·开学考试）Don’t worry, he (catch) up with the other soon.
【答案】will catch/is going to catch
【详解】句意：别担心，他很快就会赶上其他人的。分析句子结构可知，soon“不久”，是一个表示将来时间的副词，提示句子时态为一般将来时，空格处应该使用将来时态的动词，catch up with是一个固定短语，意为“赶上”，一般将来时由will或be going to加上动词原形构成，句子的主语是he是第三人称单数形式，用will或is going to。故填will/is going to catch。
52．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）On Christmas Eve, I opened the window, only to find that it (snow) and the snow began to pile up slowly.
【答案】was snowing
【详解】句意：在圣诞前夜，我打开窗户，发现外面正在下雪，雪开始慢慢堆积。根据“I opened the window, only to find that it…”可知，空格处在句子中作谓语，表示在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，主语为“it”，be动词用was。故填was snowing。
53．（2025九年级·湖南·专题练习）The telephone rang while I (listen) to music last night.
【答案】was listening
【详解】句意：昨晚我在听音乐时，电话响了。while引导的时间状语从句强调主句动作发生时，从句的动作正在进行，根据last night“昨晚”可知，时态为过去时，从句应用过去进行时，谓语动词结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语是I，be动词应用was，listen的现在分词是listening。故填was listening。
54．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Gina and Tina (read) stories at this time yesterday.
【答案】were reading
【详解】句意：昨天这个时候吉娜和蒂娜正在读故事。根据“at this time yesterday.”可知此处描述昨天这个时候正在做的事情，用过去进行时，主语是Gina and Tina，be动词用were。故填were reading。
55．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—You look tired and sleepy with dark circles under eyes. What’s wrong with you
—I stayed up late last night. I (write) my report from 9 o’clock to midnight.
【答案】was writing
【详解】句意：——你看起来又累又困，眼睛下面有黑眼圈。你怎么了？——我昨晚熬夜了。我从9点到午夜一直在写报告。根据“last night”和“from 9 o’clock to midnight”可知，此处表示在过去某段时间内正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时，主语为“I”，应填was writing。故填was writing。
56．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Terribly sorry, what did you say just now I (listen) to a voice message on the mobile.
【答案】was listening
【详解】句意：非常抱歉，你刚才说什么了？我正在手机上听一个语音留言。根据语境可知，刚才说话的时候正在听语音留言，所以，此句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，listen的现在分词是listening，因主语I是第一人称，所以，be动词用was。故填was listening。
57．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The train (reach) in a few minute.
【答案】will reach
【详解】句意：火车将在几分钟后到达。根据“in a few minute”可知是一般将来时，结构是“will+动词原形”。故填will reach。
58．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）Sooner or later, there (be) more people falling in love with traditional Chinese clothes.
【答案】will be
【详解】句意：迟早会有更多的人爱上中国传统服装。根据“Sooner or later”可知，此处是一般将来时，根据“there”可知，此处是there be句型，其一般将来时的结构为there will be。故填will be。
59．（2025九年级·湖南·专题练习）Hurry up! The sky is covered with black clouds. I’m afraid it (rain).
【答案】is going to rain
【详解】句意：快点！天空布满了乌云。我担心要下雨了。rain“下雨”，动词；分析句子可知，句子描述的是根据当前情况（乌云密布）对未来（下雨）的预测，应用be going to do sth.表示根据当前迹象或证据预测的未来事件，it为第三人称单数，be动词要用is，故填is going to rain。
60．（24-25九年级上·甘肃陇南·期末）My mother asks me if I (visit) my grandparents next Saturday.
【答案】will visit
【详解】句意：我妈妈问我下周六是否去看望我的祖父母。由“next Saturday”可知，此句时态为一般将来时，在if引导的宾语从句中，谓语动词“visit”要用“will + 动词原形”的结构，will visit表示“将去拜访”。故填will visit。
61．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）They (visit) the Golden Gate Bridge this afternoon, aren’t they
【答案】are going to visit
【详解】句意：他们今天下午要参观金门大桥，是吗？根据“aren’t they ”可知，谓语动词含有be动词。结合“this afternoon”可知，应用一般将来时：be going to do，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are going to visit。
62．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The holiday you are looking forward to (start) in five days.
【答案】will start
【详解】句意：你期待的假期五天后就要开始了。“you are looking forward to”是定语从句，修饰“The holiday”；根据“in five days”可知，时态为一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，故填will start。
63．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My sister (read) a book in the study when I arrived home.
【答案】was reading
【详解】句意：当我到家时，我姐姐正在书房看书。此处描述过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”；主语“My sister”是第三人称单数，助动词用was，read的现在分词为reading。故填was reading。
64．（24-25九年级上·甘肃天水·期末）Have they (repair) the broken window
【答案】repaired
【详解】句意：他们修理过这个破窗户了吗？根据句中的助动词“Have”，可知该句为现在完成时，动词需用过去分词形式，repair的过去分词是repaired。故填repaired。
65．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）—Where’s Tommy
—He (go) to the city library with friends. He’ll be back this afternoon.
【答案】has gone
【详解】句意：——Tommy在哪里？——他和他的朋友去了城市图书馆。他今天下午会回来。 根据“He … (go) to the city library with friends.”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示“去了某地”，其结构为have/has gone to，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has gone。
66．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）The cost of living in this city (rise) by 30% over the past few years.
【答案】has risen
【详解】句意：过去几年里，这个城市的生活成本上涨了30%。根据“over the past few years”可知，句子为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+过去分词；主语The cost of living为第三人称单数，助动词为has；rise的过去分词为risen。故填has risen。
67．（24-25九年级上·内蒙古通辽·期末）—Hey, what’s going on I don’t even know you.
—I’m so sorry, madam. I have you for someone else. (mistake)
【答案】mistaken
【详解】句意：——嘿，怎么回事？我甚至都不认识你。——非常抱歉，女士。我把您错认成别人了。由“I have”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，此空用过去分词，“mistake”表示“弄错”，其过去分词为mistaken。故填mistaken。
68．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期末）The old couple (marry) for about fifty years.
【答案】have been married
【详解】句意：这对老夫妇结婚大约五十年了。根据“for about fifty years”可知，他们的婚姻从过去持续至今，用现在完成时，且要用延续性动词，结构为have/has been married，主语The old couple表示两个人，助动词用have。故填have been married。
69．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Recently, a number of people (fall) in love with Hanfu.
【答案】have fallen
【详解】句意：最近，很多人爱上了汉服。根据“Recently”可知，本句是现在完成时，主语是a number of people，助动词用have。故填have fallen。
70．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）I (visit) Mucheng Park several times, so I know a lot about it.
【答案】have visited
【详解】句意：我去过牧城公园好几次，所以我对它了解很多。根据“several times”可知，此处为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”；主语为“I”，所以填have；visit的过去分词为visited。故填have visited。
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