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Unit 2 No rules no order—七年级下册英语人教版（2024）期末四步复习法
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 学生将能够理解并使用目标语言谈论学校规则；掌握元音字母e及其字母组合在单词中的发音规则；了解句子重读在交际中的意义；学生将能够理解并使用目标语言谈论学校规则；学生能够理解并掌握新词汇，正确发音并拼写；学生将能够理解并使用目标语言谈论学校规则；掌握元音字母e及其字母组合在单词中的发音规则；了解句子重读在交际中的意义；能读懂 Alice 有关规则的求助信和 Dr. Know 的回信，能对两封信的内容进行梳理和概括，形成结构化的知识框架。
文化意识 学生能够与同学积极合作；让学生认识到遵守规则的重要性，培养纪律意识和责任感；领会遵守规则的重要性，培养规则意识，体会不同文化背景下规则的意义，提升对规则文化的认知和认同；学生能够与同学积极合作；让学生认识到遵守规则的重要性，培养纪律意识和责任感；学生树立规则意识，明白规则在学校、家庭和社会生活中的重要性，自觉遵守规则，培养良好的行为习惯。
思维品质 锻炼学生的口语表达能力和听说能力，能就话题完成开放性的对话，提高在真实语境中的交际能力。
学习能力 能够用英语准确流利地表达对校规的见解，积极参与课堂讨论，在实践中积累学 通过讨论学校规则，培养学生总结和组织信息的能力。通过课堂任务让学生能够运用目标词汇进行语言输出。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
一、重点词汇
1. rule n.规则；规章
2. order n.秩序；命令v.点菜；命令
3. follow v.遵循；跟随
4. late for 迟到
5. arrive v.到达
6. on time 准时
7. hallway n.走廊
8. uniform n.校服；制服
9. litter v.乱扔n.垃圾
10. polite adj.有礼貌的
11. treat v.对待；招待；治疗 n.款待
12. respect n.&v.尊敬
13. if conj.如果
14. jacket n.夹克衫；短上衣
15. have to 不得不
16. everything pron.每件事；一切
17. lend v.借给；借出
18. sweet n.糖果 adj.甜的
19. snack n.点心；小吃
20. of course 当然
21. mobile adj.可移动的
22. mobile phone 手机
23. turn off 关掉(水、电或煤气)
24. turn on 打开
25. queue n.队
26. jump the queue 插队(水、电或煤气)
27. feed v.喂养；饲养
28. leave v.离开；留下
29. absent adj.缺席的；不在的
30. absent from 缺席；不在
31. quietly adv.轻声地；安静地
32. belt n.安全带；腰带；皮带
33. noise n.声音；噪声
34. make noise 制造噪声
35. unhappy adj.不快乐的
36. make one's/ the bed 整理床铺；铺床
37. either adv.也(用于否定词组后)
38. practise v.训练；练习
39. hang v.悬挂
40. hang out 闲逛；常去某处
41. weekday n.工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天)
42. awful adj.糟糕的；讨厌的
43. become v.变成；成为
44. better adj.较好的；adv.较好地
45. person n.人
46. focus v.集中(注意力、精力等)；聚焦
47. focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
48. build v.创建；建造
49. spirit n.精神；情绪
50. think about 思考；考虑
51. relax v.放松；休息
52. advice n.建议；意见
53. a piece of advice 一个建议
54. understand v.理解；领会
55. untidy adj.不整洁的
二、重点句型
1. What rules do we follow
2. Don't be late for school. Arrive on time.
3. Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question.
4. Would you like a sweet
5. We cannot cat eat snacks in class.
6. Why is Alice unhappy
7. I have to hurry to school because I can' be late for school.
8. When I'm at school, I mustn't use my phone in class either.
9. I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays.
10. You can't use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.
11. I must/have to clean my room everyday, and I can't get my desk untidy.
三、重点词汇讲解
（一）rule n.规则；规章
含有rule的常见短语
family rules 家规
school/class rules 校规/班规
traffic rules 交通规则
break a rule 违反规则
make a rule 制订规则
keep/obey/follow the rules 遵守规则
People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
根据交通规则，人们在骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。
（二）order n.秩序 v.&n.点菜
1. n. 治安；秩序
keep...in order 维持……的秩序
The monitor is keeping the class in order.
班长正在维持班级秩序。
2. v. 点(酒菜等)
order sb. sth./order sth. for sb.为某人点某物
He ordered himself a sandwich (=ordered a sandwich for himself).
他为自己点了一个三明治。
（三）follow v.遵循；跟随
1. v.遵循
follow one's/the advice 听从(某人的)建议
follow the rules 遵守规则
follow the tips 遵循指示
Follow these tips, and you can enjoy your summer safely.
遵循这些指示，你就可以安全地享受你的夏天。
We must follow the rules at home and school.
我们必须遵守家规和校规。
2. v. 跟随
follow sb. 跟随某人
Follow me. I'll show you the way.
跟着我，我来给你带路。
3. v. 理解，明白(说明或意思)
Listen to me carefully, or you can't follow me.
认真听我讲，否则你会不明白。
（四）arrive v.到达
1. arrive
arrive in+大地点名词
arrive at+小地点名词
arrive+地点副词(here/there/home)
2. get to
get to+地点名词(若接here/there/home等地点副词，要省略to)
3. reach reach+地点
The train will arrive in/get to/reach Beijing in two hours.
这列火车将在两小时后到达北京。
（五）everything pron.每件事；一切
复合不定代词
1. 作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式
Everything is possible as long as you work hard.
只要努力，一切皆有可能。
2. 形容词、动词不定式或else修饰everything时应后置。
We can do everything useful to help.
我们可以尽一切可能提供帮助。
（六）lend v. 借给；借出
lend 与 borrow 辨析
1. lend
"借给；借出"，指主语把自己的东西"借出"给别人使用。
lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
2. borrow
"借；借用"，指主语从别人处"借入"东西自己使用。
borrow sth. from sb.
向某人借某物
（七）Would you like... 你想要……吗？
1. Would you like sth. 你想要某物吗？
肯定回答：Yes, please.
否定回答：No, thanks.
---Would you like some fruit 你想吃点水果吗
---Yes, please./No, thanks. 好的，谢谢。/不了，谢谢。
2. Would you like to do sth. 你想做某事吗？
肯定回答：Yes, I'd love/like to.或 Sure./Of course.
否定回答：Sorry, I'm afraid I can't./I'd love to, but…
---Would you like to go there with me
你想跟我一起去那儿吗？
---Sorry, I'm afraid I can't. I have to look after my little sister.
对不起，恐怕不行。我得照看我的妹妹。
（八）of course 当然
肯定答语，相当于 sure/certainly。若表示“当然不”要用of course not。
-It's cold outside. Would you mind closing the window
外面很冷，你介意关一下窗户吗？
-Of course not. I will do it at once.
当然不介意。我马上关。
（九）turn off 关(水、电或煤气)
为“动词+副词”型短语。
The lights are still on. Please turn them off.
灯还亮着，请把它们关掉。
人称代词作宾语时，要放在turn与off之间
Please remember to turn off the tap (=turn the tap off) after you wash your hands.
洗完手后请记得关水龙头。
四、重点语法
（一）情态动词
1. 在情态动词后，动词用原形。
2. 情态动词can的句型结构
（1）肯定句：主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他.
You can play basketball at the weekend.
（2）否定句：主语+can't (cannot)+动词原形+其他.
We can't run in the hallways.
（3）一般疑问句及回答：
-Can+主语+动词原形+其他
-Yes, 主语+can. / No, 主语+can't.
-Can the students listen to music in class
-Yes, they can. / No, they can't.
3. 情态动词must的句型结构
（1）肯定句：主语+must+动词原形+其他.
He must wear a uniform to school.
（2）否定句：主语+mustn't/must not+动词原形+其他.
You mustn't speak like that.
（3）一般疑问句及回答：
-Must+主语+动词原形+其他
-Yes, 主语+must./No, 主语+needn't/don't have to.
-Must I be home before 8 o'clock
-Yes, you must. / No, you needn't/don't have to.
4. 情态动词have to的句型结构
have to 表示“不得不；必须”，强调客观需要，有“不得不、被逼无奈做某事”的意思。
have to既有人称、单复数的变化、也有动词时态的变化。
（1）肯定句：主语+have/has/had to+动词原形+其他.
She has to look after her mother at home.
（2）否定句：主语+don't/doesn't/didn't have to+动词原形+其他.
We don't have to clean the room today.
（3）一般疑问句及回答：
-Do/Does/Did+主语+have to+动词原形+其他
-Yes, 主语+do/does/did./No, 主语+don't/doesn't/didn't.
-Does he have to go to bed now
-Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
（3）特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does/did+主语+have to+动词原形+其他
What do you have to do
5. must VS have to
（1）相同点
表示“必须”，有时二者可互换。
We have to/must follow the rules.
（2）不同点
①must通常表示说话人的主观看法，语气比较强烈；
We must hurry. I don't want to miss the beginning of the show.
have to往往强调客观需要。
We have to hurry. The train is leaving in five minutes.
②它们的否定式含义大不相同。
mustn't表示“不准；禁止”；
You mustn't talk to your mother like that.
don't have to表示“不必”。
You don't have to come if you don't want to.
③must没有人称和数的变化。
I/We/You/They must do something about it.
have to有人称和数的变化。
I have to finish my work today.
She has to work late today.
They have to clean their room.
五、单元写作
如何写与规章制度相关的文章
本单元的主题是“规章制度”我们常接触到的有家规(family rules)校规(school rules)、班规(class rules)和交规(traffic rules)等。
与此相关的写作通常有：
①写有关规章制度的求助信；
②介绍家规/校规/班规等；
③对别人提出的有关规章制度的问题给出建议。
写有关规章制度的求助信时，要注意以下几点：
①注意书信格式和称呼得体；
②具体写作时，先点明写信目的。然后详细描述让你感到烦恼的规章制度，最后表明希望得到回复；
③注意情态动词can，have to与must的用法。
词句积累
1. 活动
get up early 早起；do some sports/exercise 做一些运动；watch TV 看电视；finish the homework 完成家庭作业；play computer games 玩电脑游戏；listen to music 听音乐；eat junk food 吃垃圾食品；eat healthy food 吃健康的食物
2. 要求
have to不得不；must 必须；mustn’t不准,禁止；can能，可以；can’t不能，不可以；ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某；allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事；before/after dinner 晚餐前/后
3. 感受
unhappy 不开心； relaxed放松的； bored厌烦的；tired 疲倦的；awful糟糕的；stressed 焦虑的；strict 严格的；hopeless 无望的；angry生气的
句型积累
1. 开头
Hi there! I need your help.
嗨，你好！我需要您的帮助。
I’m having a problem. Can you help me
我有一个问题。您能帮帮我吗？
I’m writing to you because I’m in trouble.
我写信给您是因为我遇到了麻烦。
I feel unhappy and I need your advice.
我感到不开心，需要您的建议。
2. 中间句
My parents make too many rules.
我的父母制订了太多的规矩。
I have to get up early and do exercise.
我必须早起锻炼。
My parents believe that doing exercise is good for my health.
我父母认为做运动对我的健康。
I must finish my homework first after school. Its so boring.
放学后我必须先完成作业。这很无聊。
I can't eat junk food. They think I should eat more vegetables and fruit.
我不能吃垃圾食品。他们认为我应该多吃蔬菜和水果。
3. 结尾句
These rules make me unhappy. I don't know what to do.
这些规矩让我很不开心。我不知道该怎么办。
I feel like I have no freedom. What should Ido
我觉得我没有自由。我该怎么办？
I’m looking forward to your reply.
我期待您的回复。
I hope you can give me some good ideas.
我希望您能给我一些好主意。
练习
1. I think doing gymnastics is very _____ because it is good for us.
A. quiet B. important C. interesting D. funny
2. To save energy, you should _____ your computer if you don't use it.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
3. —Can you give me some _____ on learning English well
—Sure. Watching English programs is a good way.
A. news B. advice C. decisions D. messages
4. You can join the English club to practice _____ English.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaks D. speaking
5. —It is the first time that I have taken a vacation in Dongying.
—Me too. _____ here is so nice. I love the city.
A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything
6. In China, you can call 110 and ask the police for help _____ you get into trouble.
A. although B. if C. before D. so
7. The delicious food and _____ waiters made us happy with the restaurant.
A. slow B. tired C. awful D. polite
8. - Would you like some ice cream
- _____. It's my favorite.
A. Yes, please B. No, thanks C. I'd like to D. No, I'm not thirsty
答案
1. 答案：B
解析：句意：我认为做体操是非常重要的，因为它对我们有好处。A项意为"安静的"；B项意为"重要的"；C项意为"有趣的"；D项意为"滑稽好笑的"。根据句意可知选B。
2. 答案：B
解析：根据题干中的"为了节约能源"可知，如果你不使用电脑，你应该把它关掉，turn off 符合题意，故选B。
4. 答案：B
解析：问句问的是"你能给我一些有关学好英语的建议吗？"，advice 符合题意。
5. 答案：D
解析：句意：你可以加入英语俱乐部来练习说英语。practice doing sth. 意为"练习做某事"，故选D。
6. 答案：D
解析：考查复合不定代词。根据设空处后的"我喜欢这个城市"可知，这里的一切都很好，everything意为"一切"，符合题意，故选D。
7. 答案：D
解析：slow缓慢的；tired 疲惫的；awful 糟糕的；polite有礼貌的。根据题干中的"使我们对这家餐厅很满意"可知，服务员很有礼貌，故选D。
8. 答案：A
解析：考查"Would you like sth. "的答语。问句的含义是"你想要一些冰激凌吗 "，根据答语中的"它是我最喜欢的"可知，符合题意的答语是"Yes，please"。
四、核心素养对接中考
一、阅读理解
When you want to ask your teacher a question during the maths class, what do you do Do you simply shout out your question as soon as it comes into your mind Or do you put up your hand and wait until the teacher calls your name
If you put up your hand first, it's maybe because your teacher has a rule that tells what you should do when you have a question. Can you imagine (想象) what it would be like if everyone could simply talk whenever they want during class
What if everyone could simply get up and do whatever they want to do during class Do you think much learning would take place Everyone needs an orderly and peaceful classroom. If there are no rules, the classroom will be chaotic!
You may feel like there are too many rules. After all, you have rules at home. You have rules at school. You have rules in the sports you play and the clubs you take part in. Why do we have so many rules
To live in a society, we must have rules. Some rules are informal(非正式的). Your teacher and parents will be angry with you when you break these rules. Some are very important rules. They are known as laws, and breaking them can have bad consequences (后果), such as going to jail (监狱) or paying a fine.
When you learn to drive, you'll know how many rules you should follow when driving on the road. The rules for driving have a common goal—to keep you safe. If you make a list of the rules you follow each day, you can quickly realise how many of them exist (存在) to keep you safe and make your life more enjoyable. If there are no rules to follow, things could get dangerous.
1.The writer uses the maths class as an example to show _____.
A. students should act freely during class
B. everyone should keep quiet in the classroom
C. classroom rules help to keep class in order
D. teachers should answer students' questions in class
2.The underlined word "chaotic" in Paragraph 3 means _____.
A. in the middle B.in a mess C. in order D. in the right way
3.What can we learn from the passage
A. Sports rules are not important.
B. Young students can do whatever they want to do.
C. People go to jail if they break informal rules.
D. The rules for driving help people keep safe on the road.
4.The writer wants to tell us _____.
A. following rules helps people live safely and happily
B. driving on the road can have bad consequences
C. listing the rules is the best way to stay away from trouble
D. people can live happily if there are no rules to follow
二、情景交际
A: Hello, e here, please. ①_____
B: Yes, Mr Brown. First we can't wear hats in the school.
A: That's right.
B: ②_____
A: Good. Everyone should be on time. What else
B: ③_____
A: You're right, but you can eat outside.
B: And we can listen to music outside, but not in the classroom.
A: Yes.
B: ④_____
A: Yes, you should be friendly. Can we run in the hallways, little boy
B: No, it's dangerous.
A: You are right, my little boy. Then why did you run in the hallways
B: Sorry, Mr Brown. I won't do that again. ⑤_____
A. We can't eat in the classroom.
B. Don't be late for class.
C. I can follow the rules.
D. We can't fight with anyone.
E. Do you have to follow the rules
F. Do you know the rules in the school
G. Do we have to eat in the dining hall
答案
一、阅读理解
1.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段的“Everyone needs an orderly and peaceful classroom. If there are no rules, the classroom will be chaotic!”可推知，作者使用数学课的例子来说明课堂规则有助于保持课堂秩序。
2.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Everyone needs an orderly and peaceful classroom. If there are no rules, the classroom will be chaotic!”可知，没有规则就不会有一个有序平静的教室，即教室将是“混乱的”，因此chaotic意为“混乱的”，与in a mess同义。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的“The rules for driving have a common goal—to keep you safe.”可知，驾驶规则的目的是确保人们在道路上的安全，故选D项。
4.答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据“If you make a list of the rules you follow each day...to keep you safe and make your life more enjoyable.”可知，文章主要讨论了规则的重要性，规则可以确保我们的安全，并让我们的生活变得更愉快。故选A项。
二、情景交际
答案：FBADC
解析：①根据Yes及"First we can't wear hats in the school."可知F选项(你知道学校的规则吗？)符合语境。
②根据"Good. Everyone should be on time."可知，此处和时间有关。B选项(上课不要迟到。)符合语境。
③根据“You're right，but you can eat outside.”可知，此处和吃东西的地点有关，且设空处应在陈述某一事实。A选项(我们不能在教室里吃东西。)符合语境。
④根据“Yes，you should be friendly.”可知，此处和人际交往有关。D选项(我们不能和任何人打架。)符合语境。
⑤根据"I won't do that again."可知，C选项(我能遵守规则。)符合语境。

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