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Unit 1 What's the matter？—八年级下册英语人教版期末四步复习法
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 能听懂发音清晰、语速较慢的简短口头表达，获取关键信息；积累日常生活中常用的习惯用语和交流信息的基本表达方式；积累常用的词语搭配。
文化意识 能初步了解英语的语用特征，选择恰当的交际策略；能意识到错误并进行适当的纠正。能理解与感悟中外优秀文化的内涵。
思维品质 能发现语篇中事件的发展和变化，辨识信息之间的相关性，把握语篇的整体意义；能辨识语篇中的衔接手段，判断句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系。
学习能力 对英语学习有持续的兴趣和较为明确的学习需求与目标；有积极主动的学习态度和较强的自信心。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
重点用法
1. I/We/They/You have a＋疾病名称
She/He has a＋疾病名称
hurt(s)＋身体部位
2. should表达建议或看法
（1）The article is enough difficult to write.
enough作副词时，意为“足够地”，修饰形容词、副词时，放在其后。故应将原句中的enough difficult改为difficult enough。
（2）Thanks for the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries.
“thanks for”意为“因……而感谢”；“thanks to”表示原因，意为“由于，多亏”，to后接原因。该句句意为“由于英语这门语言，我们能从其他国家学到很多东西。”故应将原句中的for改为to。
（3）They are used to get up early now.
该句句意为“他们现在习惯早起。”be used to意为“习惯于做某事”，to为介词，后接动词-ing形式，故应将原句中的get改为getting。
（4）He hurt him. He has a sore back.
该句句意为“他受伤了。他背痛。”hurt意为“伤害”，根据句意可知，此时hurt的动作承受者是主语本身，应用反身代词。故应将原句中的him改为himself。
（5）For my surprise, she failed in the exam.
该句句意为“令我惊讶的是，她居然考试不及格。”to one's surprise意为“使人惊讶的是”，在句中作状语，故应将原句中的for改为to。
Section A
1. "身体部位+ache"常表示"……痛"
2. have a sore+表示身体部位的名"表示……痛"。
3. enough修饰名词时，可放在名词前，也可放在名词后，但在现代英语中，enough通常放在名词前。
4. if引导的条件状语从句：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句为下列情况，从句要用一般现在时：（1）主句为一般将来时；（2）主句为祈使句；（3）主句含有情态动词。
5. （1）hurt 在作不物动词，后面不接宾语，其主语通常为疼痛的身体部位。
（2）作及物动词，意为"使受伤"，后面可接宾语。既可指由可指由于碰撞等造成的身体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害。
6. go to a doctor =go to see a doctor意为"去看医生"。
7. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，其基本结构是"was/were+动词-ing形式"。
Grammar
1. 情态动词should的用法
表示征询意见和提出建议；表示推测；表示义务或责任；表示拒绝、愤怒或惊奇等，常用于疑问句或感叹句中。
反身代词的用法
作宾语 作及物动词（短语）的宾语，常用于teach、hurt、enjoy、dress、buy、help、look after、take care of等后面。
作介词的宾语，常用于by、except、to、for等后面。
作同位语 反身代词在句中通常作名词、代词的同位语，译作"本身；亲自"。反身代词作主语的同位语时，应放在主语之后或句子末尾；作宾语的同位语时，应放在宾语之后。
作表语 反身代词放在be动词、feel、look、seem等系动词后作表语，可以用来描述身体或精神状态。
固定短语 (all) by oneself 独自；单独，for oneself 亲自；为自己，help oneself to... 随便吃/用……，lose oneself in 沉浸于，enjoy oneself 玩儿得高兴；过的愉快，dress oneself 给自己穿衣服，teach oneself 自学，hurt oneself 伤着自己。
Section B
1. have problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难同义表达：have trouble (in) doing sth., have difficulty (in) doing sth.
2. find+宾语+宾语补足语，该结构中的宾语补足语可以是介词短语、形容词、副词或动词-ing形式。
3. when引导的时间状语从句的省略，在含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词时，常省略从句的主语和be动词。
4. 动词不定式短语作目的状语：动词不定式短语既可位于句首，也可位于句末。如果置于句首，需要用逗号隔开。
5. be ready to do sth. 意为"准备好做某事"，其同义短语为get ready to do sth.。be强调状态，get强调动作。补充：be/get ready for意为"为……做准备"。其中for为介词，其后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
6. so that以便，为了。引导目的状语从句，常与in order that进行转换。此时，从句中常含有can、could、may、might、will、would、should等情态动词。
7. so...that...在该句中引导结果状语从句。so为副词，后面常接形容词或副词的原级。
练习
1. The trip ______ really exciting to me. How I wish to go!
A. sounds B. smells C. tastes D. feels
2. —I tried to make Alice _________ her mind but I found it difficult.
—Well, I saw you _________ that when I went past.
A. changed, do B. changes, doing C. change, to do D. change, doing
3. Susan's uncle has lived in China for five years. She can't wait______ him.
A. visit B. visited C. to visit D. visiting
4. —Do you collect anything
—Yes, I collect stamps. Collecting stamps is my only______.
A. hobby B. lesson C. address D. sport
5. —It's necessary for us______ more about food safety.
—You're right. Now more and more people pay attention to food safety.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned
6. My grandmother didn't know______ WeChat to pay, so I taught her to use it.
A. what to use B. how to use
C. where to use D. when to use
7.—Did you take our son to get ______ X-ray, Bill
—Yes, and I also told him ______ importance of keeping safe in P. E. class.
A. a; an B. a; the C. an; an D. an; the
8. I saw some boy students ________ basketball when I passed the playground.
A. played B. plays C. playing D. to play
答案
1.答案：A
解析：本题考查系动词。根据题干中的"How I wish to go"可知此处是说，这次旅行听起来很让我激动，故所缺的词是sounds"听起来"。
2.答案：D
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: —我尽力让艾丽斯改变主意，但是我发现那很难。—好吧，我路过的时候看到你在劝她改变主意呢。make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，故第一个空应用change; 根据when I went past可知，"我"看到该动作正在进行，see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事，故第二个空应用doing。故选D。
3.答案：C
解析：can't wait to do sth.意为“等不及做某事”，to visit符合题意。
4.答案：A
解析：根据本题语境可知，集邮是我唯一的“爱好”，所缺的词是hobby，故答案为A。
5.答案：C
解析：根据本题语境可推断，对我们来说，了解更多关于食品安全方面的知识是很有必要的。再根据"It's+ adj.+for sb.+to do sth."的句式结构可知答案为C。
6.答案：B
解析：根据本题语境可知，我奶奶不知道如何使用微信付款，how to use 符合题意。
7.答案：D
解析：考查冠词。句意"比尔，你带我们儿子去看X光了吗？是的，我还告诉他在体育课上保持安全的重要性."第一个空，表示泛指拍一个X光片，X-ray是以元音音素开头的因此用an修饰.第二个空，the importance of..."……的重要性"，因此用the，答案是D。
8.答案：C
解析：句意：当我经过操场的时候，我看见一些男学生正在打篮球。play basketball是一个固定短语，意思是打篮球。本句中使用的句型是see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，表示动作正在进行。根据句意可知，我经过操场的时候，男学生们正在打篮球，故选C。
四、核心素养对接中考
一、阅读理解
Every year thousands of people get hurt or die when they are crossing the road. Most of these people are old people and children. The old people often get hurt or die because they can’t see or hear very well. Children usually meet with accidents because of their carelessness. They forget to look and listen before they cross the road.
How can we lessen(减少) traffic accidents All of us must follow the traffic rules. For the drivers, they shouldn’t drive too fast. If they drive too fast, it will be very difficult to stop the cars in a very short time. For the pedestrians(行人), it’s very important to be careful when they are walking on the road. Therefore, when we walk across the road, we must try to walk along the pavements(人行道). We must stop and look both sides before crossing the road. Look left first, next look right, then look left again. Only when we are sure that the road is clear, we can cross it. The right way to cross the road is to walk quickly. It’s not safe to run. If people run across the road, they may fall down. Students should try to help children, old people or blind people to cross the road, and never play in the street.
1.What is the right way to cross the road
a. Run quickly.
b. Walk quickly.
c. Stop and look both sides.
d. Make sure that the road is clear.
A.abc B.acd C.bcd D.abd
2.The old people often get hurt or die when crossing the road because they ________.
A.are not careful B.forget to look and listen
C.can’t see or hear very well D.often run across the road
3.How should drivers drive according to the passage
A.Drive slowly. B.Let people go before.
C.Look left and right carefully. D.Stop driving if they see pedestrians.
4.What can you do as a student to help lessen traffic accidents
A.To clean the road in time. B.To play carefully in the road.
C.To help kids to cross the road. D.To run across the road quickly.
5.What is the best title for this article
A.How to Lessen Traffic Accidents
B.How to Cross the Road
C.How to Drive a Car
D.How to Help the Old and the Young
二、情景交际
A. Can I try a piece now B. Would you like some C. The cake looks very nice. D. Shall I go to her party E. How soon will Rita come back from work F. What's that on the top
A: Hey, Mum! ①_____
B: Thank you.
A:②_____
B: That's cheese.
A: Mm, the cake must be delicious. ③_____
B: Sorry. It's for your sister Rita's birthday. You have to wait for her and then we eat it together.
A: ④_____
B: In an hour.
A: I see. But now I'm really hungry.
B: Here are some chicken hamburgers. ⑤_____
A: Yes, please. Get one for me.
答案
一、阅读理解
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段句子“We must stop and look both sides before crossing the road. Look left first, next look right, then look left again. Only when we are sure that the road is clear, we can cross it. The right way to cross the road is to walk quickly.”可知，我们过马路前必须停下来向两边看看。先向左看，然后向右看，再向左看。只有确信道路畅通，才能过马路。过马路的正确方法是快速走。可知文中没有提到快跑。故是bcd。故选C。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段句子“The old people often get hurt or die because they can't see or hear very well.”可知，老人经常受伤或死亡是因为他们不能很好的看马路周边的情况或者他们的听力有一定的问题。故选C。
3.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段句子“For the drivers, they shouldn't drive too fast.”可知，对于司机来说，他们不应该开得太快。也就是说，司机应该开慢点。故选A。
4.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Students should try to help children, old people or blind people to cross the road, and never play in the street.”可知，学生应该努力帮助孩子，老年人或者盲人过马路，不要在马路上玩耍。也就是说，作为学生可以帮助孩子们过马路。故选C。
5.答案：A
解析：标题归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其“Every year thousands of people get hurt or die when they are crossing the road.”可知，当他们过马路时每年都有成千上万的人受伤或死亡。根据“How can we lessen(减少) traffic accidents All of us must follow the traffic rules.”可知，我们大家都必须遵守交通规则来减少交通事故。所以文章想要告诉我们如何能减少交通事故。故选A。
二、情景交际
答案：①-⑤ CFAEB
解析：①根据下文的"Thank you." 可知，设空处是表达赞美，结合选项，故选C项。
②根据下文的"That's cheese." 可知设空处是想问某物是什么，故选F项。
③根据the cake must be delicious和下文的"Sorry. It's for your sister Rita's birthday."可知，设空处是问自己能不能吃一块蛋糕。故选A项。
④根据下文的"In an hour."可知，设空处是问丽塔还要多久回来。故选E项。
⑤根据上文的"Here are some chicken hamburgers." 和下文的"Yes, please. Get one for me." 可知，设空处表示“你想来一些吗？”故选B项。

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