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Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？—八年级下册英语人教版期末四步复习法
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 能听懂发音清晰、语速较慢的简短口头表达，获取关键信息；积累日常生活中常用的习惯用语和交流信息的基本表达方式；积累常用的词语搭配。
文化意识 能初步了解英语的语用特征，选择恰当的交际策略；能意识到错误并进行适当的纠正。能理解与感悟中外优秀文化的内涵。
思维品质 能发现语篇中事件的发展和变化，辨识信息之间的相关性，把握语篇的整体意义；能辨识语篇中的衔接手段，判断句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系。
学习能力 对英语学习有持续的兴趣和较为明确的学习需求与目标；有积极主动的学习态度和较强的自信心。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
重点用法
1. ...was/were doing...句型表示过去进行时
2. when和while引导时间状语从句的用法
过去进行时
1. 概念: 表示过去某个时刻或过去一段时间正在进行的动作。
2. 句子结构: 主语 + was/were + doing sth. + 时间状语
3. 时间状语词: at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, at that time, then 等连用, 或者用另一动作来表示过去的时间。
They were playing basketball when she arrived.
While they were playing basketball, she arrived.
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
过去进行时着重描述当时正在持续进行的动作，它的特点是：暂时，持续和未完成，强调过程；一般过去时表示发生过的动作或存在的状态，即表示动作发生过，而且已经结束了，强调结果。
过去进行时侧重表示动作延长的时间长度; 一般过去时表示过去某时发生过某事，侧重说明事实。
注：下列几类动词通常不用过去进行时。
① 表示状态的动词 be；
② 感官动词：feel, hear, see, smell, taste等;
③ 表示思维或心理状态的动词：believe (认为), forget, consider, know, remember, hope, wish, want 等；
④ 表示所属关系的动词：belong, have, own, hold (容纳)等。
when, while区别：
1. when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；
由while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时。
When the teacher came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为： While we were talking, the teacher came in.
2. 如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导。They were singing while we were dancing.
Section A
1. either作副词，常用于否定句中。
2. "with（+no）+名词+副词"结构，在此表示一种伴随状况，该结构有时暗含着某种因果关系，可翻译成"由于……；因为……"。
3. feel like意为感觉像，后常跟名词和动词-ing形式作宾语。
4. win意为"获胜，赢，赢得"，指在竞赛或战争中获得胜利，其宾语多为表示比赛，战争，奖品, 金钱或奖牌等的名词。beat：意为"打败"，指在游戏或竞赛中击败对手，其宾语是比赛或竞争的对手。
5. fallen在此处作形容词，意为"倒下的；落下的"，仅用于名词前作定语。fallen leaves意为"落叶"。
6. in times of 在……的时候/时期，后面常跟一些抽象名词，如trouble，difficulty，stress，celebration等。
Grammar
（一）when 和while引导的时间状语从句
1. when引导的时间状语从句
(1) 表示主句动作发生的特定时间，既可指时间点，也可指时间段。
(2) 从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词；从句的动作和主句的动作既可同时发生，也可以是先后发生。
(3) 从句可位于主句之前或之后，当位于主句之前时，与主句要用逗号分开。
(4) 当主句为将来时或表示将来的意义时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
2. while引导的时间状语从句
(1) 强调主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行，此时，从句用进行时。
(2) 强调主从句动作同时进行时，主从句通常都用进行时。
注意：while引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，且常用进行时。
（二）过去进行时
1. 过去进行时的基本句式
(1) 主语+was/were+动词-ing+其他
(2) 主语+was/were+not+动词-ing+其他。
(3) Was/Were+主语+动词-ing+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语+wasn'/weren't
(4) 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词-ing+其他
注意：
(1) 在一般疑问句的简略回答中，主语要用相应的人称代词。
(2) 对含有过去进行时的句子的主语进行提问的特殊疑问句结构是"Who was/were+动词-ing+其他？"。
2. 过去进行时的基本用法
(1) 表示过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作，常与the whole day，all day yesterday等时间状语连用。有时设有明显的时间状语，可根据上下文语境判断。
(2) 表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作，与表示过去某一时间点的时间状语连用，如at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon，at this time yesterday等。
3. 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。可表示动作的未完成性。
一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态。强调动作已经结束。
Section B
1. 在被动语态中，当不必说明动作的执行者是谁或只强调动作的承受者时，可以省略"by+动作的执行者"。
2. the rest of后接名词或代词宾格。"the rest of..."作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词或代词的数
保持一致。
3. hardly作副词，表示否定含义。在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有hardly时，后面的附加疑问部分要用肯定形式。有类似用法的词还有seldom，never，few等。
4. 过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生/完成的动作或情况。它表示的时间是"过去的过去"。过去完成时的基本结构是"had+过去分词"。
练习
1. —What do you______ this movie
—It's an interesting movie. I like it very much.
A. look up B. cheer on C. think of D. warm up
2. —______
—I don't know. Maybe you can ask Mrs. James to know more.
A. What happened B. How was it
C. What else D. Ready
3. —Do you mind______ the window It's too cold.
—Not at all.
A. don't open B. don't opening C. not opening D. not to open
4. Sarah was______ in passing the driving test last week after a year's training. Now she feels rather proud.
A. successful B. succeed C. success D. successfully
5. Anhui is famous______ Mount Huang. Many visitors all over the world come to visit it.
A. as B. for C. of D. to
6. We find______ impossible for us______ a foreign language well in a short time
A. it; to learn B. one; learn C. that; to learn D. it; learning
7. His problem isn't as______ as you think. You need to think about it carefully.
A. simple B. special C. hard D. Good
8. Nancy didn't know anyone in the new school, so she decided to join an after-school club ______ some new friends
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
答案
1.答案：C
解析：固定句式"What do you think of... "意为“你认为……怎么样？”故选C项。
2.答案：A
解析：句意为：—发生了什么事 —我不知道。也许你可以问问詹姆斯夫人来了解更多。根据答句可知此处是问发生了什么事，故选A项。
3.答案：C
解析：固定搭配mind not doing sth.意为“介意不做某事”，故选C项。
4.答案：A
解析：be successful in表示“在某方面成功”，符合语境。故选A项。
5.答案：B
解析：be famous as 意为“作为……而出名”;be famous for 意为“因……而出名”;be famous to意为“被……熟知”。由Mount Huang及语境可知选B项。
6.答案：A
解析：固定结构“find it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”意为“觉得对某人来说做某事是……的”。故选A项。
7.答案：A
解析：句意为:他的问题不像你想的那样简单。你需要仔细考虑它。simple意为“简单的”；special意为“特殊的”；hard意为“困难的”；good意为“好的”。根据语境，故选A项。
8.答案：A
解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。此处动词不定式短语作目的状语，故"to meet"符合题意。
四、核心素养对接中考
一、阅读理解
It was eleven o'clock at night. A large woman was walking towards home. She had a large purse with everything but money. It hung right behind her shoulder. A boy ran up and tried to snatch(抢夺) her purse. The large woman simply turned around, caught the boy by his shirt, and shook him until his teeth rattled.
After that, the woman asked, "Boy, don't you feel ashamed of yourself "
"I'm sorry," whispered the boy.
"What did you want to do it for Your face is dirty. Nobody at home told you to wash your face "
The boy shook his head.
"Then," the woman shouted, "it will get washed this evening. You are going to remember Mrs. Jones!" She dragged the frightened boy behind her and got to her door.
"Are you taking me to the police " The boy asked.
"Not with that face! Have you been home to eat yet " "There's nobody at my house."
"Then we'll eat," said Mrs. Jones, "I believe you're hungry, so you tried to steal." "I wanted a pair of leather shoes," said the boy.
"Well, you didn't have to snatch my purse to get things you want. Besides, there's little money in it."
There was a long silence. After he washed his face and turned around wondering what to do next, he saw the door open. He could run, run, run and run.
In the comer of the room, Mrs. Jones was heating some beans. She didn't watch the boy to see if he was going to run, nor did she watch her purse which she left behind on the bed. But the boy took care to sit on the far side of the room, away from the purse, where he thought she could easily see him.
"Do you need somebody to get milk or something " The boy asked.
"I don't unless you want," said Mrs. Jones.
As they ate, she didn't ask about where he lived or his family or anything that would embarrass him. Instead she said "eat some more, boy!"
When they finished eating, she got up. "Now here, take this ten dollars and buy your shoes Next time, don't snatch my purse, nor anyone else's shoes got in bad ways will burn your feet!"
The boy really wanted to say something to Mrs. Jones. But he failed to say a word as he turned at the foot of the steps and looked up at the large woman.
1. According to the passage, we can learn that the woman _______.
A. caught the boy right away B. held the purse in her arms
C. walked home in the morning D. had a purse with much money
2. What does the underlined word "dragged" in the passage mean
A. threw B. pushed C. pulled D. knocked
3. What can you infer from the underlined sentence
A. The boy felt frightened and was waiting for a chance to escape.
B. The boy wanted Mrs. Jones to punish him because of his mistake.
C. The boy knew Mrs. Jones would give him some money to buy shoes.
D. The boy realized his mistake and didn't want Mrs. Ones to doubt him.
4. What does the story tell us
A. Every dog has its day. B. It's never too late to correct.
C. Don't put all eggs in one basket. D. Many hands make light work.
二、情景交际
A: Hi, Sally. Where are you going
B: Hi, Jim. ①______ We want to watch Water Planet on TV together.
A: Water Planet What kind of program is it I know nothing about it.
B: ②______ It's wonderful. And it's science fiction, too.
A: Well, can you tell me more about it
B: Sure. It tells stories about Long Yi and Long Ke. ③______
A: Is it exciting
B: Yes. ④______
A: Do you watch TV every day
B: No, I have to do my homework on weekdays. ⑤______
A: Oh, I'm free on the weekend, too. Can I watch it with you
B: Sure! Let's go!
A. I can't watch it.
B. Oh, it's a cartoon.
C. I'm going to Tom's home.
D. How about going to his home
E. I can only watch TV on the weekend.
F. The stories are so funny and educational.
G. I think it is one of the most exciting cartoons this year in China.
答案
一、阅读理解
1.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据"The large woman simply turned around, caught the boy by his shirt, and shook him until his teeth rattled."可知，男孩跑过来想抢钱包的时候，这位女士就立刻抓住了男孩。故选A。
2.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据"She ... the frightened boy behind her and got to her door"和下句"Are you taking me to the police "可知，这个小男孩很惊恐，害怕被女人带到警察局，所以女人应该是拖着小男孩。故选C。
3.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据"But the boy took care to sit on the far side of the room, away from the purse, where he thought she could easily see him."可知，此处描述了小男孩小心翼翼坐在房间另一边的状态，可推断出男孩意识到自己的错误，不想让琼斯夫人怀疑他再次偷钱包。故选D。
4.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲了一个善良的女士将一个要偷她手提包的男孩带回家并且照顾他，最终感动男孩，使他改正错误的故事。因此本文是告诉读者，改正错误，什么时候都不晚。故选B。
二、情景交际
答案：CBFGE
解析：①根据"Where are you going "可知，此处应回答地点，故选C项。
②根据"What kind of program is it "可知，此处应回答节目的类型，故选B项。
③根据前一句可知，此处应进一步谈论这部卡通片的具体内容，故选F项。
④根据"Is it exciting "可知，此处与该卡通片是否令人激动有关，故选G项。
⑤根据"No, I have to do my homework on weekdays."和"Oh, I'm free on the weekend, too."可知，此处应表示可以在周末看电视，故选E项。

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