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外研版 2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末模拟冲刺卷
（考试时间：70 分钟 试卷满分：90 分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考
证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（满分 50 分）
一、语法选择（本题有 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
It was a Friday afternoon. I 1 out of my school when a car stopped beside me. The driver opened the door. It was my father. “Be quick! Get in!” he told me. I was very 2 , but I did as my father said.
At first, I was worried that something had happened. Then I noticed my mother. She was also 3 the car and was sitting on the back seat. There 4 several bags of clothes and some food beside her. My father was not driving home. Instead, he was driving out of the city. “Where are we going ” I asked.
My parents just smiled and didn’t say 5 to me. Then I began to say to myself, “will my parents give me 6 big surprise We are probably going somewhere exciting, 7 where are we going ”
Without nothing to do, I decided 8 a sleep. And I fell asleep soon. 9 I woke up about one hour later, I saw the sea. 10 excited I was! My father was smiling. “Here we are!” he said, “A happy weekend starts now!”
1．A．am walking B．walked C．was walking
2．A．surprising B．surprised C．surprise
3．A．at B．from C．in
4．A．were B．are C．is
5．A．something B．nothing C．anything
6．A．the B．an C．a
7．A．or B．and C．but
8．A．take B．to take C．taking
9．A．When B．Before C．Though
10．A．What B．How C．What a
二、完形填空（本大题有 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
Eco-Soap Bank (生态香皂银行) is doing a lot for people in Cambodia (柬埔寨). It 11 used soap from hotels and uses it to make new bars. Then it gives out the new soap for free.
Samir Lakhani, from the United States, started his project several years ago. In 2014, he visited Cambodia, and he felt 12 when he watched a mother bathe her baby with detergent (洗衣粉). He learnt that many people in Cambodia are very poor and in 13 of soap badly. He thought maybe he could help to 14 the problem. Lakhani came up with a good 15 —recycling used soap. Each year, millions of tourists visit Cambodia. The country’s hotels use lots of soap and waste a lot too. 16 Lakhani went from hotel to hotel, asking them to donate used soap.
His project 17 with many people’s support. It later became the Eco-Soap Bank. The group takes used soap to recycling places. They clean the soap, cut it up, 18 the soap together, and then put it through a press (模压机). Finally, they make waste soap 19 new bars or liquid (液体) soap. The project has provided over half a million Cambodians with soaps and hygiene (卫生) education. Lakhani has a 20 plan. He wants to start Eco-Soap Bank in every tourism area around the world.
11．A．returns B．collects C．sells D．protects
12．A．surprised B．interested C．excited D．nervous
13．A．need B．time C．place D．worry
14．A．find out B．get out C．look out D．work out
15．A．idea B．result C．reason D．accident
16．A．Because B．Since C．So D．While
17．A．failed B．passed C．grew D．prevented
18．A．pull B．add C．turn D．mix
19．A．with B．into C．from D．through
20．A．stronger B．richer C．bigger D．clearer
三、阅读理解（本大题有 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读 A、B 两篇短文、从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最
佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
A
Frank Holiday, a teacher at North High School in Utah, had a heart attack (心脏病发作) during a class in September. Luckily, the students and teachers helped save his life.
On September 30th 2022, during a game of basketball, something went wrong with the teacher. “He threw the ball to us and then we turned around. We found he was just falling back and then fell on the ground,” said student Bob Smith.
Charlie Burch was having a class next door, “I heard someone shouting and students running down the hall,” Burch said. “Some students ran in my room and asked me to help Mr. Holiday.”
Amy Robinson, a CPR (心肺复苏) trainer, came after Charlie. “I started to use the AED (自动体外除颤器),” she said. But it didn’t work. So Amy Robinson began to practice CPR on Holiday. The other teachers and students joined them. It took them 21minutes of continuous (连续的) CPR to save Holiday’s life.
Thanks to the students and the teachers, Holiday was saved. “I’m thankful that so many people didn’t give up on me,” “Even if it gets hard, don’t give up. I think that’s the lesson here,” Holiday’s doctor said.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
21．Where did the accident happen
A．In a primary school. B．In a hospital.
C．In the UK. D．In a high school.
22．What were the students doing when they found Mr. Holiday fell on the ground
A．They were watching a basketball match.
B．They were playing a basketball game.
C．They were singing in the room.
D．They were swimming.
23．Who was the first to practice CPR on Holiday
A．Jim Smith. B．Charlie Burch.
C．Amy Robinson. D．Holiday’s doctors.
24．How did Frank Holiday feel after he was saved
A．upset B．relaxed C．thankful D．nervous
25．What does the writer mainly want to tell us
A．Don’t give up. B．Eat healthily.
C．Work with others. D．Live a healthy life.
B
Read Across America! (6th—10th March)
Monday, 6th MarchAll the students and teachers are invited to dress up as a character Dr. Seuss created in his books (The Cat in the Hat: Horton Hears a Who: Green Eggs and Hani, etc.).
Tuesday, 7th MarchIn honour of (为致敬) One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish by Dr. Seuss, everyone has to dress in RED and BLUE!
Wednesday, 8th MarchIn honour of Dr. Seuss’s book, Wacky Wednesday, all the students and teachers need to wear crazy hair and crazy clothes, like special shoes and socks.
Thursday, 9th MarchPaint your shirt! Everyone should wear a shirt that has a picture of a city, town, country, or place of interest they have visited.
Friday, 10th MarchPajama (睡衣) Day! In honour of Dr. Seuss’s book, Dr. Seuss’s Sleep Book, everyone has to wear their pajamas to school!
26．How long will “Read Across America!” last
A．5 days. B．6 days. C．7 days. D．8 days.
27．What will the students and teachers do on Tuesday
A．Dress in red and blue. B．Visit a place of interest.
C．Read one of Dr. Seuss’s books. D．Wear pajamas to school.
28．When can the students wear crazy clothes to school
A．On Monday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday. D．On Friday.
29．Which book is Pajama Day about
A．The Cat in the Hat. B．One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish.
C．Dr. Seuss’s Sleep Book. D．Wacky Wednesday.
30．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage
A．Culture. B．Sports. C．Health. D．Science.
C
配对阅读 Ⅰ栏是五个人出现的问题，Ⅱ栏是七条建议。请从Ⅱ栏中为Ⅰ栏中的人们选出适合解决问题的办法，并将其字母编号填写在题号前的括号内。其中有两项是多余的。
Ⅰ Ⅱ
31 Tom played basketball with his friends at the park yesterday. It was windy but he only wore a T-shirt and a pair of shorts. Now he has a fever. 32 Linda’s mother isn’t at home these days. Last night, she ate too much junk food. And she also drank some juice. Now she has a stomachache. 33 Bob’s aunt bought many candies for Bob yesterday. And he ate all of them. Now he can’t eat anything because he has a toothache. 34 Mary visited her grandparents yesterday. Her cousin Kate was there, too. They talked too much. Now she has a sore throat. 35 Mike played football two hours ago. A football hit his left leg. It seemed all right at first. But now he doesn’t feel very well. A．Sweet food isn’t good for your teeth. Don’t eat sweet food now and then go to see a dentist. Don’t forget to brush your teeth in the right way every day. B．You shouldn’t play too many computer games at night. Don’t read in the sun, because it’s not good for your eyes. C． First, you should take your temperature. And then, go to the doctor and get some medicine to reduce the fever (退烧)。 D．Please don’t use your leg now. Let your parents take you to the hospital. Get an X-ray there and rest for some days. E. Now you should stop eating junk food and drinking something cold. And then, go to a doctor. F. Do something different now. For example, get up and go for a walk to relax. I believe you will feel much happier. G. Don’t talk loudly now. Try to drink a lot of water. You can also get some medicine to make your throat better.
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（满分 40 分）
四、短文填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was a summer noon. As I drove along the road in a mountain, I could see some pretty wild flowers. When I 36 (turn) the corner, I saw some volunteers picking up litter on the roadside. I stopped 37 (drive) and smiled at them. They volunteered here 38 such a hot day. How 39 (help) they were! I thought of a spring day long ago.
When my children were younger, we often took a walk around the lake near our home. One spring day, we noticed a lot of litter 40 (lie) on the road. The next day, we brought a big litter bag 41 started to pick up the litter along the way. Finally, the bag was almost full. Tired but excited, we put the bag in 42 empty bin. Before going home, we stopped 43 (have) a final look at the lake as the sun was setting. It looked more beautiful than ever.
I know there are some difficult problems in the world, but how can we solve them The truth is that everything we do 44 (kind) can make a difference. Every time we pick up a piece of litter, we make a difference. Every smile we share makes a difference. Our small act of kindness can make this colourful world even 45 (good).
五、读写综合（本大题分为 A、B 两部分，共 25 分）
A. 回答问题（本题有 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
Every star shines
Let’s learn about autism and how to take care of people with it
科学认识自闭症，从理解与关注开始
Have you ever heard of the term “children of the stars” It’s a special name for children with autism (自闭症). April 2 is World Autism Awareness Day. It was started by the United Nations to help people know more about autism and offer better care and support to those who have it.
Autism affects (影响) how a person grows and learns. It usually starts to show within the first three years of life. The official (官方的) name for this condition is “autism spectrum disorder (自闭症谱系障碍).”
Doctors use a handbook called DSM-5 to diagnose (诊断) autism. It talks about two main autism signs: problems with talking and being with others and doing the same things over and over again.
“When I talk to my daughter or ask her to do something, she won’t pay attention to me,” said Meng Lingdi. Her daughter was diagnosed with autism at 2 years old. “She doesn’t make as much eye contact (接触) with people as other kids do.”
Children with autism also feel physical pain. “Many of them have epilepsy (癫痫) because their brain activity is different from that of other kids,” said Sun Zhongkai at Beijing Stars and Rain Education Institute for Autism (Stars and Rain).
We don’t know exactly what causes autism. But scientists think it might be a mix of things like how we grow, our genes (基因), and our environment. If a family has a child with autism, the chance of their other children having autism is about 10 times higher than usual.
Hao Feifei contributed to this story.
Best ways to interact with autistic people
Liu Wei, a teacher with 20 years of experience at Stars and Rain in teaching people with autism gives us some advice.
Taking classes
Take people with autism to special schools. They can take different classes that help them learn better. Teachers use nature and games to work on skill development (技能发展).
Showing respect and understanding
Treat autistic people with respect (尊重) and understand the things that make them special. Support and include them wherever possible.
Setting some principles
Tell them what is OK and what is not. Give praise (表扬). It makes them feel proud of themselves. It can help them better interact with others.
Looking past speaking
Some people with autism can’t or don’t like to talk. Don’t force (强迫) them to. Use other ways to communicate, like using body language and pictures. Making sure you understand each other is the most important thing.
autism by numbers
10 million
Today, more than 10 million people in China have autism. Among them, children under 14 years old make up about 3 to 5 million of them.
36.9 percent
Out of all kids with developmental disabilities (发展障碍) and mental health disorders (精神障碍), those with autism make up the biggest group, at 36.9 percent.
58 percent
To care for their kids, almost 58 percent of families with kids with autism have only one working parent. They also have to spend a lot of money for their kids to go to special classes, and sometimes they can’t afford these classes.
Special strengths
Autistic people sometimes have special strengths. These strengths can help them and others.
Many autistic people are good at paying attention to small details, which can be very useful in many situations, such as in jobs where you need to be meticulous (谨慎的).
Some autistic people have very good memories, especially for facts, dates, and specific (具体的) events. This ability allows them to remember a lot of information and use it in different situations.
Autistic people are often interested in certain subjects, making them have a lot of knowledge in those areas.
Honesty is a common feature of autistic people. They often like to communicate directly.
Autistic people’s unique and different ways of thinking can help develop creative and innovative (创新的) ideas in art, science, and other areas.
SOURCES: CHINA DISABLED PERSONS’ FEDERATION, NHC, CDC, POSITIVE AUTISM
THINK AND DISCUSS
How can society support the talents of people with autism
● Provide special education opportunities to help develop their talents;
● Provide them with jobs that they are good at;
● Use technology to help grow their creativity;
Answer the questions:
46．Who are also named “children of the stars”
47．At what age does a child with autism begin to show signs
48．Which sign does Meng Lingdi’s daughter show
① Problems with talking and being with others.
② Doing the same things over and over again.
49．Why do some children with autism have epilepsy
50．What might cause autism according to scientists
B. 书面表达（本题 15 分）
51．为了提高社区居民的环保意识、创建优质的居住环境，社区居委会正在举办以“Live a Low-Carbon Life”为题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示写一篇英语短文参加活动。
提示：
1.为什么要过低碳生活？
2.如何过低碳生活？请提出三条建议。
要求：
1.语句通顺，逻辑清晰，可适当发挥；
2.100词左右 (开头已给出，不计入总词数)。
参考词汇：energy能源；plastic 塑料；mode 模式
Live a Low-Carbon Life
As we all know, protecting the environment is important.
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《外研版 2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末模拟冲刺卷 （含答案解析）01》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B C A C C C B A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B A A D A C C D B C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D B C C A A A B C A
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 C E A G D
1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文讲述了一个周五下午，作者被父母突然接走，最终发现是去海边度过一个惊喜周末的故事。
1．句意：我正走出学校时，一辆车停在了我旁边。
am walking正在走（现在进行时）；walked走（一般过去时）；was walking正在走（过去进行时）。根据“when a car stopped”，可知主句需用过去进行时描述背景动作。故选C。
2．句意：我非常惊讶，但我照爸爸说的做了。
surprising令人惊讶的（修饰物）；surprised感到惊讶的（修饰人）；surprise惊讶（名词或动词）。主语是“I”，需用形容词描述人的感受。故选B。
3．句意：然后我注意到了我妈妈。她也在车里，坐在后座上。
at在（小地点等）；from从；in在……里面。“in the car”表示“在车内”。故选C。
4．句意：她旁边有几袋衣服和一些食物。
were是（are的过去式，用于复数主语）；are是（一般现在时，用于复数主语）；is是（一般现在时，用于单数主语）。“bags”为复数，且全文为过去时。故选A。
5．句意：我父母只是微笑着，什么也没对我说。
something某事 / 某物（一般用于肯定句）；nothing没有什么；anything任何事/物（一般用于否定句和疑问句）。“didn’t say”否定句中用anything。故选C。
6．句意：我父母会给我一个大惊喜吗？
the这/那（定冠词，表特指）；an一个（用于元音音素开头单词前）；a一个（用于辅音音素开头单词前）。“big surprise”为泛指，且“big”以辅音音素开头。故选C。
7．句意：我们可能要去某个令人兴奋的地方，但是我们要去哪里呢？
or或者；and和；but但是。后句为转折疑问，需用but。故选C。
8．句意：没什么事可做，我决定睡一觉。
take拿/取（动词原形）；to take拿/取（动词不定式）；taking拿/取（现在分词）。“decide to do”为固定搭配。故选B。
9．句意：大约一个小时后我醒来时，我看到了大海。
When当……时候；Before在……之前；Though虽然。描述醒来瞬间的动作，用when。故选A。
10．句意：我是多么兴奋啊！
What多么（用于修饰名词的感叹句）；How多么（用于修饰形容词或副词的感叹句）；What a多么一个（用于修饰可数名词单数的感叹句）。这里 “excited” 是形容词，后面直接跟主语 “I” 和谓语 “was”，所以要用 “How”。故选B。
11．B 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文主要讲述美国的Samir Lakhani创办生态香皂银行的故事。他看到柬埔寨人缺香皂，便想出回收酒店废弃香皂再利用的办法，项目在众人支持下发展壮大，还计划在全球旅游区推广。
11．句意：生态香皂银行从酒店收集用过的肥皂，并用它制作新的香皂块。
returns返回；collects收集；sells卖；protects保护。根据“used soap from hotels and uses it to make new bars. Then it gives out the new soap for free.”可知，生态香皂银行是把酒店用过的肥皂收集起来再利用，“collects”符合语境。故选B。
12．句意：2014年，他访问柬埔寨，当看到一位母亲用洗衣粉给婴儿洗澡时，他感到惊讶。
surprised惊讶的；interested感兴趣的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的。根据“when he watched a mother bathe her baby with detergent (洗衣粉)”可知，看到用洗衣粉给婴儿洗澡这种不恰当的行为，应是感到惊讶，“surprised”合适。故选A。
13．句意：他了解到柬埔寨很多人非常贫穷，极其需要香皂。
need需要；time时间；place地方；worry担忧。“in need of”是固定短语，意为“需要”，这里表示人们需要香皂。故选A。
14．句意：他认为或许他能帮助解决这个问题。
find out查明；get out出去；look out小心；work out解决。根据“recycling used soap”可知，Lakhani想通过回收用过的香皂来解决人们缺少香皂的问题。故选D。
15．句意：Lakhani想出了一个好主意——回收用过的香皂。
idea主意；result结果；reason原因；accident事故。根据“Lakhani came up with a good…recycling used soap.”可知，是想出了一个好主意。故选A。
16．句意：所以，Lakhani一家酒店一家酒店地走访，请求他们捐赠用过的香皂。
Because因为；Since自从；So所以；While当……时候。前后是因果关系，前面说酒店浪费香皂，所以他去请求捐赠，故选C。
17．句意：他的项目在很多人的支持下发展壮大。
failed失败；passed通过；grew成长；prevented阻止。根据“It later became the Eco-Soap Bank.”可知，项目在支持下发展壮大，故选C。
18．句意：他们清洗香皂，切碎，把香皂混合在一起，然后用模压机压制。
pull拉；add添加；turn转动；mix混合。根据“They clean the soap, cut it up, …the soap together, and then put it through a press (模压机).”可知，这里是说把切碎的香皂混合起来，故选D。
19．句意：最后，他们把废弃香皂制成新的香皂块或液体香皂。
with和，用；into变成；from来自；through通过。根据“”可知，“turn...into...”是固定搭配，意为“把……变成……”。故选B。
20．句意：Lakhani有一个更大的计划。
stronger更强壮的；richer更富有的；bigger更大的；clearer更清楚的。根据“He wants to start Eco-Soap Bank in every tourism area around the world.”可知，他想在世界上每个旅游区都创办生态香皂银行，这是一个更大的计划。故选C。
21．D 22．B 23．C 24．C 25．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了北高中的老师弗兰克 霍利迪心脏病发作，学生和老师合力救他的事情。
21．细节理解题。根据“Frank Holiday, a teacher at North High School in Utah, had a heart attack during a class in September.”可知，事情发生在北高中。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“On September 30th 2022, during a game of basketball, something went wrong with the teacher. ‘He threw the ball to us and then we turned around. We found he was just falling back and then fell on the ground,’ said student Bob Smith.”可知，当发现老师摔倒时，学生们正在打篮球。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“Amy Robinson, a CPR trainer, came after Charlie. ‘I started to use the AED,’ she said. But it didn’t work. So Amy Robinson began to practice CPR on Holiday.”可知，艾米 罗宾逊是第一个对霍利迪进行心肺复苏的人。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“‘I’m thankful that so many people didn’t give up on me,’”可知，弗兰克 霍利迪被救后很感激。故选C。
25．主旨大意题。根据“Even if it gets hard, don’t give up. I think that’s the lesson here,”可知，文章主要想告诉我们即使困难也不要放弃。故选A。
26．A 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了某学校从3月6日到10日安排的关于全美阅读的活动信息。
26．细节理解题。根据“(6th—10th March)”可知，从3月6日至10日，共5天。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“everyone has to dress in RED and BLUE!”可知，每个人都得穿红色和蓝色的衣服。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据“Wednesday, 8th March”和“all the students and teachers need to wear crazy hair and crazy clothes, like special shoes and socks.”可知，周三所有的学生和老师都需要有疯狂的头发、穿疯狂的衣服。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“Pajama (睡衣) Day! In honor of Dr. Seuss’s book, Dr. Seuss’s Sleep Book, everyone has to wear their pajamas to school!”可知，睡衣日！为了纪念苏斯博士的书《苏斯博士睡眠书》，每个人都应该穿睡衣上学！故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据短文开头“Read Across America! (6th—10th March)”以及文章内容可知，短文介绍了某学校从3月6日到10日安排的关于全美阅读的活动，这样的文章可以在报纸的文化部分看到。故选A。
31．C 32．E 33．A 34．G 35．D
【导语】本文是将五个人出现的问题和七条建议进行匹配。
31．根据“Tom played basketball with his friends at the park yesterday. It was windy but he only wore a T-shirt and a pair of shorts. Now he has a fever.”可知，汤姆昨天在有风天气穿得少，现在发烧了。选项C“首先，你应该量体温。然后，去看医生并拿些退烧药。”与之匹配。故选C。
32．根据“Linda’s mother isn’t at home these days. Last night, she ate too much junk food. And she also drank some juice. Now she has a stomachache.”可知，琳达吃了太多垃圾食品还喝了果汁，现在胃痛。选项E“现在你应该停止吃垃圾食品和喝冷饮。然后，去看医生。”与之匹配。故选E。
33．根据“Bob’s aunt bought many candies for Bob yesterday. And he ate all of them. Now he can’t eat anything because he has a toothache.”可知，鲍勃吃了太多糖果，现在牙痛。选项A“甜食对你的牙齿不好。现在别吃甜食了，然后去看牙医。每天不要忘记用正确的方式刷牙。”与之匹配。故选A。
34．根据“Mary visited her grandparents yesterday. Her cousin Kate was there, too. They talked too much. Now she has a sore throat.”可知，玛丽昨天说话太多，现在喉咙痛。选项G“现在不要大声说话。尽量多喝水。你也可以拿些药来让喉咙好些。”与之匹配。故选G。
35．根据“Mike played football two hours ago. A football hit his left leg. It seemed all right at first. But now he doesn’t feel very well.”可知，迈克左腿被足球踢到，现在不舒服。选项D“现在请不要用你的腿。让你的父母带你去医院。在那里拍个X光片，休息几天。” 与之匹配。故选D。
36．turned 37．driving 38．on 39．helpful 40．lying 41．and 42．an 43．to have 44．kindly 45．better
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者描述自己在夏日中午看到志愿者在路边捡垃圾的经历，以及回忆自己和孩子们在湖边捡垃圾的往事，阐述了小小的善举能带来大不同的观点。
36．句意：当我转过弯道时，我看到一些志愿者在路边捡垃圾。根据下文“I saw some volunteers”可知，这里是描述过去发生的动作，即当作者开车转过弯道的时候，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式turned。故填turned。
37．句意：我停止开车，向他们微笑。根据下文“smiled at them”可知，此处是指作者停止开车，向他们微笑；考查stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，固定搭配，所以这里应用动名词形式driving。故填driving。
38．句意：他们在如此炎热的一天在这儿做志愿活动。根据“such a hot day”可知，此处是指如此炎热的一天，是具体的某一天，应用介词on。故填on。
39．句意：他们是多么乐于助人啊！how引导的感叹句结构为“How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”，且根据“they were”可知，这里应用help的形容词形式helpful“有帮助的，乐于助人的”。故填helpful。
40．句意：一个春天，我们注意到路上有很多垃圾。根据“noticed a lot of litter … on the road”可知，此处是指注意到路上有很多垃圾正躺在路上；考查notice sth. doing sth.“注意到某物正在做某事”，所以这里应用现在分词lying。故填lying。
41．句意：第二天，我们带了一个大垃圾袋，然后开始沿路捡垃圾。分析句子结构可知，“brought a big litter bag”和“started to pick up the litter along the way”是两个连续的动作，应用and连接表示顺承关系。故填and。
42．句意：我们把袋子放进一个空垃圾桶里。根据空后“empty bin”可知，此处是指一个空的垃圾桶，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“empty”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰。故填an。
43．句意：在回家前，当太阳落山时，我们停下来最后看了一眼湖。根据“we stopped … a final look at the lake”可知，此处是指他们停下来去看一眼湖；考查stop to do sth.“停下来去做另一件事”，固定搭配，所以这里应用动词不定式to have。故填to have。
44．句意：事实是我们友善地做的每件事都能有所不同。分析句子结构可知，这里应用kind的副词形式kindly“友善地，和蔼地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词“do”。故填kindly。
45．句意：我们小小的善举能让这个多彩的世界变得更好。空前“even”修饰比较级，所以这里应用good的比较级better，表示小小的善举能让这个多彩的世界变得更好。故填better。
46．The children with autism. 47．Before three years old. 48．① 49．Because their brain activity is different from that of other kids. 50．It might be because of a mix of things like how we grow, our genes, and our environment.
【导语】本文介绍了自闭症的基本知识、症状表现、可能成因以及如何关爱和支持自闭症患者。
46．根据文章第一段“Have you ever heard of the term ‘children of the stars’ It’s a special name for children with autism”可知，“children of the stars”是对自闭症儿童的称呼，故填The children with autism.
47． 根据文章第二段“It usually starts to show within the first three years of life”可知，自闭症通常在孩子三岁前显现，故填Before three years old.
48．根据文章第四段“When I talk to my daughter or ask her to do something, she won’t pay attention to me”和“She doesn’t make as much eye contact with people as other kids do”可知，Meng Lingdi的女儿表现出与他人交流的困难，对应选项①，故填①。
49． 根据文章第五段“Many of them have epilepsy because their brain activity is different from that of other kids”可知，自闭症儿童患癫痫的原因是大脑活动与常人不同，故填Because their brain activity is different from that of other kids.
50．根据文章第六段“But scientists think it might be a mix of things like how we grow, our genes, and our environment”可知，科学家认为自闭症可能是由成长方式、基因和环境共同作用引起的，故填It might be because of a mix of things like how we grow, our genes, and our environment.
51．例文
Live a Low-Carbon Life
As we all know, protecting the environment is important. Living a low-carbon life is crucial for us. Currently, the excessive emission of carbon dioxide has led to global warming and various environmental problems. Here are some ways to live a low-carbon life.
First, choose green transportation. We can walk or ride bikes for short-distance trips, and take buses or subways instead of driving cars when going far. Second, reduce the use of plastic products. Replace plastic bags with reusable cloth bags and avoid using disposable plastic tableware. Third, save energy. Turn off lights and electrical appliances when leaving rooms, and try to use natural light during the day.
Let’s take action and live a low-carbon life to make the earth a better place.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本题是一篇材料作文；
②时态：本文用一般现在时；
③提示：介绍低碳生活，提出关于低碳生活的建议，需要遵照所给要求，信息覆盖全面，适当补充细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，阐述低碳生活的重要性，以及过低碳生活的原因；
第二步，提出关于低碳生活的建议，注意细节充分，三观正确；
第三步，号召大家一起过低碳生活，注意用词准确，行文流畅。
[亮点词汇]
①be crucial for 对……很重要
②instead of 代替，反而
③take action 采取行动
[高分句型]
①Living a low-carbon life is crucial for us.（动名词作主语）
②Let’s take action and live a low-carbon life to make the earth a better place.（不定式做目的状语）
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