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Unit 8 Once upon a Time知识点总结与练习
七下人教版（2024）英语
一、重点词汇
（一）基础词汇
/ 让教学更有效 高效备课 | 英语学科
once adv. 曾经；一次
upon prep. 在……上
riddle n. 谜语
load n. 担子；负载
flour n. 面粉
servant n. 仆人
master n. 主人
carry v. 携带；搬运
solve v. 解决
puzzle v. 使困惑
erase v. 擦掉
pour v. 倒出
dirt n. 泥土
disappear v. 消失
confidently adv. 自信地
finally adv. 最后
exited adj. 兴奋的
line n. 线；线条
prize n. 奖品
kingdom n. 王国
baker n. 面包师
strongest adj. 最强壮的（最高级）
thinnest adj. 最瘦的（最高级）
weakest adj. 最弱的（最高级）
gladly adv. 高兴地
（二）拓展词汇
solve（动词，解决）→ solution（名词，解决方案）
puzzle（动词，使困惑）→ puzzled（形容词，困惑的）
erase（动词，擦掉）→ eraser（名词，橡皮擦）
confident（形容词，自信的）→ confidently（副词，自信地）
finally（副词，最后）→ final（形容词，最后的）
strong（形容词，强壮的）→ strongest（最高级，最强壮的）
thin（形容词，瘦的）→ thinnest（最高级，最瘦的）
weak（形容词，弱的）→ weakest（最高级，最弱的）
glad（形容词，高兴的）→ gladly（副词，高兴地）
excite（动词，使兴奋）→ excited（形容词，兴奋的）
二、短语归纳
once upon a time 从前
tell stories 讲故事
share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某事
one day 某一天
bite through 咬穿
set sb. free 释放某人
come back 回来
break one’s leg 摔断腿
try to do sth. 努力做某事
because of 由于
join a war 参战
save one’s life 救某人的命
turn out well 结果很好
go wrong 出岔子
promise to do sth. 承诺做某事
long ago 很久以前
don’t have to do sth. 没必要做某事
why not (do sth.) 为什么不做某事？
the lightest load 最轻的担子
make a line 画一条线
三、词义辨析
（一）used to vs. would
区别 used to would
含义 过去常常做某事（现在不做了） 过去的习惯性动作（不涉及现在）
例句 He used to play football.（他过去常踢足球。） Every summer, we would go to the beach.（每年夏天，我们都会去海滩。）
（二）say vs. tell
say：强调说话的内容，后接说话内容或that从句。
例：She said, “I’m happy.”（她说：“我很开心。”）
tell：强调告诉某人某事，后接人或双宾语。
例：He told me a story.（他给我讲了一个故事。）
（三）ago vs. before
ago：用于从现在算起的过去时间，与一般过去时连用。
例：He left two hours ago.（他两小时前离开。）
before：用于从过去某时间点算起的更早时间，与过去完成时连用。
例：I had seen him before.（我之前见过他。）
四、重点句型
Once upon a time, there was a king who loved riddles.
从前，有一位喜欢谜语的国王。
The baker poured out a line of flour next to the kings line.
面包师在国王的线旁边倒出一条面粉线。
“Make this line shorter without erasing any part of it,” the king said.
国王说：“不擦掉这条线的任何部分，让它变短。”
The baker chose the biggest load to carry.
面包师选择了最大的担子来扛。
Most of the bread was eaten during the trip.
大部分面包在旅途中被吃掉了。
Unlucky things may turn out well.
不幸的事情可能会有好的结果。
五、语法聚焦
（一）一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）
结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。
规则动词：直接加 -ed（如 work → worked）。
不规则动词：需特殊记忆（如 go → went，eat → ate）。
时间状语：yesterday, last week, ago, in 2023等。
否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形。
例：He didn’t go to school yesterday.（他昨天没去上学。）
疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？
例：Did you finish your homework （你完成作业了吗？）
（二）There be 句型的过去式
结构：There was/were + 某物/人 + 地点。
单数：There was a party last night.（昨晚有一场派对。）
复数：There were many people in the park.（公园里有很多人。）
就近原则：be动词的单复数由靠近它的主语决定。
例：There was a pen and two books on the desk.（书桌上有一支笔和两本书。）
（三）直接引语与间接引语
直接引语：引用原话，用引号。
例：He said, “I will help you.”（他说：“我会帮助你。”）
间接引语：转述他人的话，去掉引号，时态和人称可能变化。
例：He said that he would help me.（他说他会帮助我。）
时态变化：
一般现在时 → 一般过去时
现在进行时 → 过去进行时
现在完成时 → 过去完成时
时间状语变化：
today → that day
yesterday → the previous day
now → then
练习题
（一）词汇填空（根据首字母或汉语提示写单词）
The b______ baked the finest bread in the kingdom.
The king made a r______ every year and gave a prize to the solver.
The l______ was so heavy that the servant couldn’t carry it.
The f______ poured water over the line to make it disappear.
The baker p______ out a line of flour next to the kings line.
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空
The king ______ (make) a new riddle last year.
The baker ______ (choose) the biggest load to carry.
They ______ (walk) for days before reaching the town.
Most of the bread ______ (eat) during the trip.
The boy ______ (glad) lifted the load.
（三）单项选择
—What did you do yesterday
—I ______ to the park.
A. go B. goes C. went D. gone
______ there a line on the ground
A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were
The baker ______ a prize by the king.
A. win B. wins C. won D. winning
He ______ to be a teacher before he became a baker.
A. use B. uses C. used D. is used
She said, “I can solve the riddle.” → She said that she ______ solve the riddle.
A. can B. could C. will D. would
（四）句型转换
The king drew a line on the ground.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ the king ______ on the ground
The baker solved the riddle.（改为一般疑问句）
______ the baker ______ the riddle
“Don’t touch the line,” the king said.（改为间接引语）
The king told them ______ ______ touch the line.
There were many servants in the kingdom.（改为否定句）
There ______ ______ many servants in the kingdom.
The load was heavy.（改为感叹句）
______ ______ the load was!
（五）阅读理解
Once upon a time, there was a rich man who wanted to make a trip to another town. He took ten servants with him. They would carry the things to sell and the food to eat on their trip.
A little boy asked to go with them. The rich man said, “You are the smallest and weakest. You must carry the lightest load.” The boy chose the biggest load, which was bread.
On the trip, they walked for days. Most of the bread was eaten during the trip. When they arrived at the town, the boy’s load was almost empty.
How many servants did the rich man take
A. Ten. B. Nine. C. One. D. None.
What did the boy choose to carry
A. A horse. B. Bread. C. Flour. D. Dirt.
Why was the boy’s load almost empty
A. He ate the bread. B. He sold the bread.
C. He lost the bread. D. He gave the bread away.
What can we learn from the story
A. Always choose the lightest load.
B. Bread is the best food for a trip.
C. Smart choices can make things easier.
D. Rich men are always kind.
（六）书面表达
假设你是李华，你的朋友Mike对寓言故事感兴趣。请你写一封邮件，向他介绍你最喜欢的寓言故事“The Emperors New Clothes”，内容包括：
故事的主要人物和情节；
你喜欢这个故事的原因；
你从故事中学到的道理。
提示重点短语：
once upon a time
tell lies
tell the truth
be afraid of
要求：60-80词，格式正确，语言通顺。
答案及解析
（一）词汇填空
【答案】baker
【解析】根据“baked the finest bread”可知是面包师，填baker。
【答案】riddle
【解析】“国王每年出一个谜语”，填riddle。
【答案】load
【解析】“担子太重”，填load。
【答案】farmer
【解析】“农夫倒水”，填farmer。
【答案】poured
【解析】“倒出面粉线”，填poured（过去式）。
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空
【答案】made
【解析】last year提示过去式，用made。
【答案】chose
【解析】choose的过去式是chose。
【答案】walked
【解析】一般过去时，用walked。
【答案】was eaten
【解析】面包被吃，用被动语态was eaten。
【答案】gladly
【解析】副词修饰动词lifted，填gladly。
（三）单项选择
【答案】C
【解析】yesterday提示过去式，用went，故选C。
【答案】B
【解析】a line为单数，过去式用was，故选B。
【答案】C
【解析】一般过去时，用won，故选C。
【答案】C
【解析】used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事”，填used，故选C。
【答案】B
【解析】直接引语中的can变为间接引语时用could，故选B。
（四）句型转换
【答案】What did; draw
【解析】对动作提问用What，后接一般疑问句语序，填What did; draw。
【答案】Did; solve
【解析】一般过去时一般疑问句用Did提问，动词还原为solve。
【答案】not to
【解析】祈使句间接引语用tell sb. not to do sth.，填not to。
【答案】weren’t any
【解析】There be句型否定句在were后加not，缩写为weren’t，any用于否定句。
【答案】How heavy
【解析】感叹句结构“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”，填How heavy。
（五）阅读理解
【答案】A
【解析】根据第一段“He took ten servants with him.”可知选A。
【答案】B
【解析】第二段“The boy chose the biggest load, which was bread.”，故选B。
【答案】A
【解析】第三段“Most of the bread was eaten during the trip.”，故选A。
【答案】C
【解析】男孩选择面包，途中被吃掉，说明聪明的选择能使事情变容易，选C。
（六）书面表达（略）
（提示：开头用“Once upon a time”引出故事，描述皇帝被骗子欺骗，最后被小孩揭穿的情节，使用“tell lies” “be afraid of”等短语，最后总结“讲真话的重要性”。）

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