资源简介 中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台2024-2025学年七年级英语下册单元速记巧练(人教版2024)Unit1 Animal Friends 速记巧练语法特殊疑问词why, what和where一、why1.含义:why意为“为什么”,是一个疑问副词,用于引导特殊疑问句来询问原因。2.用法:(1)在一般现在时的特殊疑问句中,如果句子的谓语动词是实义动词,主语是第三人称单数,那么why后面的助动词就用does,否则用do,句中的谓语动词均用原形。例如:Why does he go to the hospital (他为什么去医院?)Because he is ill.(因为他病了。)Why还可以用于向别人提出建议,句型为“Why don't you+动词原形+其他 ”或“Why not+动词原形+其他 ”,意为“为什么不……呢 ”。例如:Why don't you go out for a walk (你为什么不出去散散步呢?)二、what1.含义:what意为“什么”,是一个疑问代词,用于引导特殊疑问句来询问事物、行为或职业等。2.用法:(1)对主语提问:What is in your pocket (你口袋里有什么?)(2)对宾语提问:What did you buy (你买了什么?)(3)询问职业:What is your mother (你妈妈是干什么的?)注意,What is +人?此句型是问人的职业,一般译为“是干什么的?”。三、where1.含义:where意为“哪里”,是一个疑问副词,用于引导特殊疑问句来询问地点或位置。2.用法:(1)询问具体地点:Where do you live (你住在哪里?)(2)在句子中作状语,不能对主语提问。例如:I am going to Japan.(我准备去日本。)回答只能用表示地点的词语或句子,如:In Tokyo.(在东京。)四、注意事项特殊疑问句不能用yes或no来回答,而是需要给出具体的答案。在实际运用中,特殊疑问句的结构可能会有所变化,但基本遵循“疑问词+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他成分”的规则。可数名词单复数一、可数名词的定义可数名词是指可以数清数量的名词,它们有单数和复数两种形式。当指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;当指两个或多个人或事物时,用复数形式。二、可数名词单数变复数的规则1.一般情况:在词尾加-s。例如:book(书)→ books(书们),car(汽车)→ cars(汽车们)。2.以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词:在词尾加-es。例如:bus(公共汽车)→ buses(公共汽车们),watch(手表)→ watches(手表们)。3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词:先将y改为i,再加-es。例如:city(城市)→ cities(城市们),factory(工厂)→ factories(工厂们)。但注意,以元音字母+y结尾的名词,复数形式只加-s,如:boy(男孩)→ boys(男孩们)。4.以o结尾的名词:多数加-es,如:hero(英雄)→ heroes(英雄们),potato(土豆)→ potatoes(土豆们)。但也有例外,如:zoo(动物园)→ zoos(动物园们),radio(收音机)→ radios(收音机们)。此外,某些外来词也只加-s,如:photo(照片)→ photos(照片们),piano(钢琴)→ pianos(钢琴们)。5.以f或fe结尾的名词:多数将f或fe改为v,再加-es。例如:leaf(叶子)→ leaves(叶子们),half(一半)→ halves(一半们)。但也有例外,如:roof(屋顶)→ roofs(屋顶们)。6.不规则变化:有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,需要单独记忆。例如:man(男人)→ men(男人们),woman(女人)→ women(女人们),tooth(牙齿)→ teeth(牙齿们),foot(脚)→ feet(脚们),child(孩子)→ children(孩子们),mouse(老鼠)→ mice(老鼠们)。三、可数名词单复数在实际语境中的应用1.在句子中作主语:单数形式:The book is on the table.(书在桌子上。)复数形式:The books are on the table.(书们在桌子上。)2.在句子中作宾语:单数形式:I like this book.(我喜欢这本书。)复数形式:I like these books.(我喜欢这些书。)3.在句子中作定语:单数形式:a red book(一本红色的书)复数形式:red books(红色的书们)特殊名词单复数1.单复数形式相同的名词:有些名词的单数和复数形式是相同的,如:Chinese(中国人),Japanese(日本人),sheep(绵羊),deer(鹿),fish(鱼,当表示不同种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾-es变为fishes,但通常fish作“鱼”解时仍被视为不可数名词,其复数形式表示“鱼的条数”而非“鱼的种类”)。2.集体名词:有些集体名词只用作复数形式,如:people(人们),police(警察)。这些名词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。例如:The people are happy.(人们很高兴。)3.不可数名词:与可数名词相对的是不可数名词,它们没有单复数之分,通常表示抽象概念、物质或液体等。不可数名词的量度通常用“数词+量词+名词”的结构来表示。例如:a piece of bread(一片面包),a bottle of milk(一瓶牛奶)。语法专练语法单项选择1.—Where is Jack —He with Jim ________ in the school library.A.is reading B.are reading C.reads D.read2.— ________ is Zibo getting popular these days —Because of its barbecue (烧烤).A.When B.Where C.What D.Why3.— ________ is the book sale — It's in the library.A.How B.When C.Where D.What4.— ________ do you eat vegetables —To be healthy.A.When B.Where C.What D.Why5.—Mum is too busy to make dinner for us.—Let's do it ourselves, ________ we shouldn't depend on our parents too much.A. so B.because C.but D.or6. — Where ________ Kathy________ from — She comes from the USA.A. does;/ B.is;come C.are;come D.does;come7..— ________do you want to see them — ________they're interesting.Why;So B.Why;Because C.Because;So D.So;Why8..—________ is the weather like today —It’s sunny. The children ________ kites in the park.What, is flying B.What, are flying C.How, are flying D.How, is flying9.There are many ________ on the farm and they are lovely.A.sheep B.cow C.mouse D.horse10.There is some _________ in the table.A.tomato B.egg C. milk D.rice二、 语法单句填空——用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The teacher asked the students to bring their _______ (notebook) to class.2.Look at those _______ (tomato) on the vine; they are so red and juicy.3.My family and I enjoy watching _______ (documentary) about nature.4.The library has a large collection of _______ (storybook) for children.5.The _______ (policeman) are investigating the case of the stolen jewels.6.In the summer, we often go to the beach to swim in the _______ (wave).7.The _______ (mouse) in the kitchen are driving us crazy!8.The _______ (leaf) on the tree are turning yellow as autumn approaches.9.The _______ (photo) on the wall are taken by my father during his trip to Europe.10.The _______ (family) who live next door are very kind and helpful.11.Our school has a lot of _______ (activity) for students to participate in after school.12.My brother and I enjoy playing _______ (chess) together in our free time.13.There are many _______ (wolf) in the forest at night.14.The _______ (child) in the orphanage need more love and care from society.15.My sister loves reading different kinds of _______ (story).三、按要求完成句子,每空一词。1. That panda comes from China.(对画线部分提问)does that panda 2.Tom and Jerry like pet dogs because they are very cute.(对画线部分提问)Tom and Jerry pet dogs 3.The koala comes from Australia.(改为同义句)The koala Australia.4. Dolphins can help people because they are smart.(改为同义句)Dolphins are smart, they can help people.My school is very beautiful now.(对画线部分提问)is school now 四、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Julia is my good friend. She is an 1. ________ ( Australia). It's Sunday today. The weather is 2. ________ (sun). She gets up at seven. After 3. ________ (have) breakfast,she does her homework from nine 4. ________ eleven. In 5. ________ afternoon, she goes to the zoo with her parents. She loves animals. There are many kinds of 6. ________ (animal) in the zoo, such as lions, tigers, elephants , pandas and koalas. Julia likes the pandas. They are from China.They are shy, so she can't be 7.________( noise) when she gets close to (靠近)them. The lions are from Africa. Julia doesn't like them, 8. ________ they are scary. Julia takes many photos of the animals there. She wants to show 9. ________ ( they ) to her friends next week. Now, she is watching Animal World on TV in the living room. She thinks this TV show is very 10. ________ (interest).She can know a lot about animals.参考答案一、DCDBD BBACA二、1.notebooks2.tomatoes3.documentaries4.storybooks5.policemen6.waves7.mice8.leaves9.photos10.families11.activities12.chess13.wolves14.children15.stories三、1.Where;come from2.Why do;like3.is from4.So/And;5.How;your四、1. Australian2. sunny3. having/eating4. to5. the6. animals7. noisy8. because9. them10. interesting21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览