资源简介

(共37张PPT)
Unit 5 Languages Around the World
Discovering Useful Structures
定语从句II
when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词
time, hour, day, year, moment, occasion 时刻，age年代，period阶段, stage时期，interval 间隙等词
并在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于介词(in/on/during)+which
I’ll never forget the moment in which (when) I studied in the classroom.
关系副词--Where
引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。
The school where (in which) my son studies is near a park.
The school is near a park.
My son studies in this school.
分解
where作地点状语
where还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation, stage, point, case, position, condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。
The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in. 事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。
You have reached a point______ medicine can’t help.
We are in a position ________ we may lose a lot of money.
I have reached the stage _____ I just don’t care any more.
where
where
where
关系副词--Why
引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+ which” 来替换。
Do you know the reason why (for which) he is so upset
Do you know the reason.
He is so upset.
分解
why作原因状语
定语从句的进化之路
This is the stadium where the 2022 World Cup final will be held.
This is the stadium.
The 2022 World Cup final will be held at the stadium.
This is the reason.
Many girls like watching the World Cup for the reason.
This is the reason why many girls like watching the World Cup.
定语从句的进化之路
1.Qatar is the host country.
2.The 2022 World Cup is being held in Qatar.
Qatar where the 2022 World Cup is being held is the host country.
定语从句的进化之路
1. The World Cup is a big event in the field of football.
2. Many strong football teams will fight for the championship in the World Cup.
The World Cup where many strong football teams will fight for the championship is a big event in the field of football.
定语从句的进化之路
介词+which=关系副词
This is the stadium at which the 2022 World Cup final will be held.
This is the stadium.
The 2022 World Cup final will be held at the stadium.
at which=where
This is the stadium where the 2022 World Cup final will be held.
This is the reason.
Many girls like watching the World Cup for the reason.
This is the reason why many girls like watching the World Cup.
for which=why
This is the reason for which many girls like watching the World Cup.
介词+which=关系副词
1.Qatar (卡塔尔) is the host country.
2.The 2022 World Cup is being held in Qatar.
Qatar in which the 2022 World Cup is being held is the host country.
in which=where
Qatar is the host country where the 2022 World Cup is being held.
介词+which=关系副词
二、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句时, 关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词”代替。
1. 关系代词的确定
在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中, 关系代词只能用which或whom，（先行词指物时, 用which; 先行词指人时, 用whom）
介词+关系代词
He is the man in whom you can believe.
2. “二动”看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配。
He gave me some books with which I am not very familiar.
1. “一先”看介词与先行词搭配。
This is our classroom in which there is a teacher’s desk.
The farm on which my father works is far from the town.
介词+which/whom, 介词如何选择
介词选择的三个原则
“一先”，即根据先行词的习惯搭配或意义来确定介词。
“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定介词。
“三意义”，即根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。
3. “三意义”根据句意而定。
The soldier, without whom I wouldn't have suvived the earthquake, retired（退休） last week.
介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是人, 关系代词只能为whom. 如先行词是物, 关系代词只能为which.
用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。
1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands
2. China is a powerful country, _______ _______ we are proud.
3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games.
4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly.
5. Do you remember the day _______ _______ you joined our club
with whom
without which
under which
of which
on which
The patient whom she is looking after is her father.
并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前
有些“动词+介词”被视为一个固定的词组, 不可分割, 这时不能把介词置于关系代词前, 如：look for, look after, pay attention to, take care of , look forward to, go through等。
The patient after whom she is looking is her father.
×
特别提示：
介词+关系代词
关系代词 VS. 关系副词
判断依据：先行词在从句中作什么成分
① 从句缺少主、宾、定
关系代词
关系副词
② 从句缺状语
方法：分析从句句子成分
This is the place __________we visited last time.
This is the place _______ we visited my grandparents last time.
从句缺少宾语
从句不缺主语，宾语
关系副词和关系代词的选择
where
that/which
★不能看到地点就用where，要看从句缺什么成分
I still remember the time ______we first met each other.
I still remember the time __________we spent together.
when
which/that
关系副词和关系代词的选择
★不能看到时间就用when，要看从句缺什么成分
从句不缺主语，宾语
从句缺少宾语
This is the reason ______ she cried.
This is the reason _________ she gave me.
不及物动词，从句不缺成分
缺少直接宾语
give sb sth 给某人某物
that/which
why
关系副词和关系代词的选择
★不能看到reason就用why，要看从句缺什么成分
1. Many lessons are now available online, from ______ students can choose for free.（2020江苏卷）
2. We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.（2019江苏卷）
3. Their child is at the stage_________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.（2019江苏卷）
which
when
where
高考真题
总结
定语从句三步走：
一、先找出主句；
二、确定先行词
三、判断关系词在从句中做的成分
定
语
从
句
的
引
导
词
关系代词
关系副词
指人
指物
that(主语/宾语/表语), which(主语/宾语),who(主语/宾语), whom(宾语), whose(定语)，as(主语/宾语/表语)
that(主语、宾语), which(主语、宾语), whose(定语)
where (地点状语)
when (时间状语)
why (原因状语)
Ps:关系词在从句中做状语时，连接词有时可以用介词+which/whom来替换关系副词
Summary
关系副词：when where why
关系副词 指代 在定语从句中担任成分 相当于介词+which
when
where
why
时间
时间状语
at/in/on /during... which
地点
地点状语
in/at... which
原因
原因状语
for which
定语从句中的注意事项
way后面的定语从句
先行词way后面的定语从句缺少宾语用that，which或省略
若定语从句缺少状语，用in which， that或省略。
The way __________ he explained to us was quite simple.
The way ___________ he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
that/which/不填
that/in which/不填
定语从句与非谓语的转化
I love the stories that were written by Lu Xun.
This is the house that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
My sister who lives in America doesn’t like fast food.
I love the stories written by Lu Xun.
This is the house built by my grandfather forty years ago.
My sister living in America doesn’t like fast food.

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