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(共22张PPT)
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
　Discovering Useful Structures
Grammar
Let’s have a review
1. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times ... (P62)
2. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. (P62)
3. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past. (P62)
4. It dates back to several thousand years to the use of longgu — ancient Chinese people. (P62)
5. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. (P62)
Activity 1
relative pronouns 关系代词
指人
who (主语，宾语)
whom (宾语)
whose (定语)
that (主语，宾语)
指物
whose (定语)
that (主语，宾语)
which (主语，宾语)
Activity 1
1 Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate
·It was a time when people were divided geographically.
·Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
·There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.
·These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
Describe your favourite things
Activity 2
·It was a time when people were divided geographically. Information：a time for an event when... geographically 是定语从句，修饰 a time，when 在从句中作时间状语。
·Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. Information：a location for an event where... direction 是定语从句，修饰 one unified country，where 在从句中作地点状语。
·There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. Information：a reason for an action ·why... language 是定语从句，修饰reasons，why 在从句中作原因状语。
·These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Information：a location for an action ·on which... people 是“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰 animal bones and shells，on which=on the animal bones and shells。
Activity 2
Fill in the table to complete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause.
Then use the phrases to make complete sentences.
Activity 2
Activity 2
When I started studying German，it was a struggle/ str ɡl/. The words felt strange on my tongue/t /，and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up，and that I would never live in a country ________________ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain； the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day ________________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place ________________ I could think in this foreign language，and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal ________________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings，not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason ____________my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks，Mum!
Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary.
where/in which
when/on which
where/at which
that/which
why
Activity 3
Language points
小结 3
why引导定语从句时，先行词为reason时，关系词在从句中 作原因状语。
There are many reasons.
people learn a foreign language _____________.
for many reasons
There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.
定语从句:why
why
1. Do you know the reason ______she is under stress.
2. The reason ______she passed the test is that she made great efforts.
why
牛刀小试
当堂小测
1．There was a time___________ he hated going to school.
2．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has
different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement.
3．The reason________ he passed the test is that he made great efforts.
4.Do you still remember the first day ______ you went to high school
5.Do you know the real reason ______ Anne didn't go to the get-together
6.I’ll never forget the moment_______ I studied in the classroom.
where
when
why
why
when
when
达标检测
介词 + which / 介词 + whom 的介词在定语从句中的情况
1. 定语从句中的固定搭配
2. 先行词的具体意义
3. 所表达的意思
4. 部分 + of + which/whom e.g. most of which twenty of whom ...
Julie was good at German and French, both of which she spoke fluently.
The company has 200 workers, the majority of whom are male.
Jack introduced his friend to me with whom I was not very familiar.
搭配: be familiar with
Jim dug a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside. through prep. 穿过
I will never forget the day on which we worked together in the countryside.
on the day
★不能看到reason, 就用why.看从句缺什么成分
This is the reason _____ he was late.
This is the reason ____________he told us for his being late.
why
that/which
关系副词 相当于 被代替的先行词 在从句中作成分
where
when
why
in,at等介词+which
表示地点的名词
at,in,on,during等介词+which
地点状语
表示时间的名词
时间状语
for+which
reason
原因状语
Summarize
Textbook: P111
Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary.
1. The days are gone _______ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
2. The USA is a country ______ many different dialects are spoken.
3. The reason _________ he explained at the meeting sounds reasonable.
4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
5. I saw a house, the windows of ______ were broken.
when
where
that/which
where
which
Practice
关系副词= 介词+关系代词（which/ whom)
when, where, why
when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which
(介词同先行词搭配)
(2) where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which
(介词同先行词搭配)
(3) why的先行词只有reason，why在从句中作原因状语。
why=for which
(4)先行词指物时，whose= the + n. of which
My friend—Cilla
I have a new friend _______ name is Cilla. I first met her in 1999 ____ we were in junior one. She was a little shy and introverted(内向的). But when I know more about her, I found she always kept an optimistic attitude to the life, ______ impressed me a lot. To tell you the truth, I like the way __________she treated life and friends. That’s the reason____ we become good friends. It is 2012_____she got her master degree from Xi’an International Studies University ____ is the best foreign language university in Northwest. After graduation, she works as a teacher in a small county _____her husband lives in for 8 years. Now she is teaching in Guanggang Middle school ______ many excellent students are struggling for their dream.
whose
when
which
that/inwhich/-
why
when
which
which
where
用适当的关系词填空（一个）。
1. Do you still remember the first day ______ you went to
high school
2. I paid a visit to Fudan University _______ my father
studied thirty years ago.
3. Do you know the real reason ______ Anne didn't go to
the get-together
4. Tomorrow I will bring here the magazine for _______
you asked.
5. Peter put himself in a situation _______ he had to leave
the company.
6. There was a time ______ my daughter was crazy about
pop music.
7. The restaurant _______ I have eaten a wonderful meal
is going to close down.
8. There are two main reasons ______ this situation has
been allowed to continue.
when
where
why
which
where
when
where
why
Mother's story
When you came to this world，she held you in her arms and thought to herself that she would give you everything that she had.
When you were 1 year old, she was busy doing housework. Then came the moment when you called her mama for the first time, and you made her cry with joy.
When you were 2 years old, she stood by the side of your little bed where you were sleeping, singing songs softly.
When you were 3 years old, she celebrated your birthday and sent you the first birthday presents that delivered her deep love.
Thank you！
(where, when, why, prep.+which/whom)
Unit 5

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