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Unit 2 Making a difference 学案（含答案）—外研版（2019）必修第三册高二英语下学期期末复习
一、学习目标整合
知识目标 Master language related to personal stories and biographies; Understand and master the basic usage of -ed as attributive and use new words and expressions to describe people and events.
能力目标 Enhance listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. And summarize personal information from different materials, and use English to describe people’s experiences, characters and emotions.
情感目标 Cultivate one’s own life attitude of persevering in doing good deeds and caring for others, establish the awareness of serving society, and form a correct life attitude and values.
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
过去分词作定语
1、过去分词作定语的位置
① 单个的过去分词作定语，常置于被修饰词前。
the cracked vase 有裂痕的花瓶
the faded curtain 褪色的窗帘
②过去分词短语作定语，常置于被修饰词后，相当于一个定语从句。
All the books borrowed from the library should be returned on time.
所有从图书馆借的书都应该按时归还。
(=All the books which were borrowed from the library should be returned on time.)
注意：
① 有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往置于被修饰词后。
There is little time left. 时间不多了。
②过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, nobody等不定代词或those时，常置于这些词的后面。
Is there anything damaged in the package 包裹里有什么损坏的东西吗？
All those involved must submit a report. 所有相关人员必须提交报告。
③ 有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置的意义不同。
an involved discussion 深入的讨论
the topics involved 涉及的话题
2、过去分词作定语的意义
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作已完成；而及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动意义或已完成，抑或两者兼具。
只表示完成，不表示被动：
retired workers 退休工人
the vanished civilization 消失的文明
只表示被动：
admired celebrities 受仰慕的名人
表示被动和完成：
the project completed last month 上个月完成的项目
the letters mailed this morning 今早寄出的信件
注意：
① 英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉”，其过去分词表被动意义，即“使人产生某种感觉”。
terrifying 令人恐惧的 terrified 受到惊吓的
confusing 令人困惑的 confused 感到困惑的
pleasing 令人高兴的 pleased 感到高兴的
② 有些及物动词的过去分词作定语，并不强调被动意义，而表示一种状态或结果。
The room filled with balloons looked festive.
充满气球的房间看起来很有节日气氛。
The girl absorbed in reading didn’t notice the noise.
专心读书的女孩没有注意到噪音。
3、现在分词与过去分词的区别
① 语态上的区别：现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。
exciting performance 令人兴奋的表演
excited spectators 兴奋的观众
② 时态上的区别：现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已经完成。
boiling water 正在沸腾的水
boiled water 烧开过的水
练习：
1.When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ______ (fall) child.
2.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people ______ (trap) in powerless high-rise buildings.
3.The study ______ (publish) on Tuesday showed that the treatment had a great effect on improving people’s health.
4.Under the guidance of the museum staff, the students appreciated the artworks ______ (create) by our ancestors with keen interest.
5.I’d like to show my sincere apology to all the people ______ (affect) by my inappropriate behaviour.
6.The story ______ (tell) by my grandmother about her childhood is always fascinating.
7.The company ______ (make) up of more than thirty branches all over the country is facing a serious financial crisis.
8.The disc, digitally ______ (record) in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
9.Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions ______ (target) on various age groups.
10.The room is empty except for a bookshelf ______ (stand) in one corner.
四、核心素养对接高考
1. 【2025年河北沧州模拟】
Dr. Mei Gengnian,①_____ (know) as the “Chinese Norman Bethune,” was the captain of China’s first medical team to Ethiopia in 1974. His commitment to improving healthcare in Africa left ②_____ lasting impact. Despite personal health challenges, Dr. Mei treated hundreds of patients. And numerous surgeries ③_____ (perform) under his guidance to improve the locals’ well-being.
Unfortunately, Dr. Mei lost his life in a car accident in 1975 while returning ④_____ a disaster relief mission. His sacrifice (牺牲) was honored with a state funeral by the Ethiopian government, and his tomb is marked by three tombstones carved in Chinese, English, and Amharic, ⑤_____ (symbolize) his long-lasting influence.
Dr. Mei’s legacy (遗志) continues through his son, Mei Xueqian, ⑥_____ joined China’s medical aid efforts in Africa. Mei Xueqian’s work in Ethiopia, where he developed new medical techniques and trained local staff, ⑦_____ (far) strengthened the bond between China and Africa.
Since the 1960s, thousands of Chinese medical professionals ⑧_____ (volunteer) in Africa, providing critical healthcare services and training local personnel. Their efforts have saved countless lives and developed deep friendships between China and African nations.
Dr. Mei Gengnian’s life and work showcase the spirit of ⑨_____ (selfless) and devotion that defines China’s medical aid missions. His legacy continues to inspire future generations ⑩_____ (improve) global health and enhance international cooperation.
2. 【2025年江苏南通模拟】
Mei Lanfang is a legendary figure in Peking Opera. In early 1930, Mei embarked on a tour of the US. Few moments in history ①_____ (bring) the US and China closer than the six months Mei spent captivating American audiences with his Peking Opera performances. Mei’ s visit to America came at a time ②_____ many Americans held misconceptions about China. Part of ③_____ he was emphasizing during his trip was the need for respect for Chinese people and Chinese culture.
Mei excelled in performing the “dan” roles — or, female lead roles and skillfully blended traditional elements with modern phenomena such as film and visual displays. His approaches to character types were also innovative, moving ④_____ the strict limitations of previous eras. These approaches were vital in making Peking Opera accessible and ⑤_____ (appeal) to international audiences. Despite language barriers, he gained international ⑥_____ (recognize) through his costumes, body movements and dance.
During his visit, he forged friendships with Western ⑦_____ (contemporary), including silent film actor Charlie Chaplin. By engaging with such ⑧_____ (influence) personalities, Mei was able to lift the status of Peking Opera in the eyes of American audiences. You can see it in the way Americans wrote reviews of how deeply ⑨_____ (touch) and respectful they felt towards him and realized the gravity of cultural exchanges.
Mei’s groundbreaking performances not only introduced Peking Opera to international audiences but also set a standard for artistic excellence that ⑩_____ (continue) to inspire contemporary practitioners.
答案以及解析
三、
1.答案：falling
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处前面由定冠词the修饰，后面是名词child，因此应使用fall的分词形式作定语。再结合句意可知，child和fall之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行，故应该使用现在分词作定语，表示“正在掉落的”。故填falling。
2.答案：trapped
解析：句意:青少年们爬上几十层楼梯,为被困在断电的高层建筑中的老人送水和食物。逻辑主语elderly people与trap之间是被动关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填trapped。
3.答案：published
解析：句意为:周二发表的这项研究表明,这种疗法对改善人们的健康有很大的作用。本句已有谓语动词showed,设空处应用非谓语动词,动词 publish 和名词study之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填 published。
4.答案：created
解析：考查过去分词作定语。句意:在博物馆工作人员的指导下,学生们饶有兴趣地欣赏了我们祖先创作的艺术作品。本空在句中作定语,修饰名词artworks,被修饰名词artworks和动词create之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。故填created。
5.答案：affected
解析：考查过去分词作定语。句意:我想向所有受我不当的行为影响的人表示诚挚的歉意。本空在句中作定语,修饰名词people,被修饰名词people和动词affect之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。故填affected。
6.答案：told
解析：考查过去分词作定语。句意:我祖母讲述的关于她童年时光的故事总是令人着迷。本空在句中作定语,修饰名词story,被修饰名词story和动词tell之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。故填told。
7.答案：made
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这家在全国有三十多家分公司的公司正面临着严重的财务危机。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the company之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填made。
8.答案：recorded
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这张在录音室里用数码录制的唱片，在那晚的派对上听起来棒极了。分析句子结构可知，“digitally ______ (record) in the studio” 作后置定语修饰 “the disc”。“record” 与 “the disc” 之间是被动关系，即 “唱片被录制”，所以用过去分词作定语，“record” 的过去分词是 “recorded”，“digitally recorded in the studio” 表示 “在录音室里数码录制的”。故填 recorded。
9.答案： targeted
解析：句意为:图书馆经常会举办针对不同年龄段的阅读小组活动。句中已有谓语 will hold,设空处作后置定语,应用非谓语形式;target为及物动词,target... on…表示“把……对准……”,此处target 和 sessions 之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填 targeted。
10.答案：standing
解析：考查现在分词作定语。句意: 除了角落里立着的一个书架外, 房间里空无一物。本空修饰名词bookshelf, 且名词bookshelf与动词stand之间为主动关系, 故本空应用现在分词作定语。故填standing。
四、
1. 答案：known; a; were performed; from; symbolizing; who; further; have volunteered; selflessness; to improve
解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了梅庚年医生的生平事迹以及他对中非医疗合作的贡献。
①考查非谓语动词。句意：梅庚年博士，被誉为“中国的白求恩”，是1974年中国第一支赴埃塞俄比亚医疗队的队长。本句已有谓语动词was，所以know应该用非谓语动词形式，且逻辑主语Dr. Mei Gengnian和know“知道”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填known。
②考查冠词。句意：他对改善非洲医疗保健的承诺产生了持久的影响。leave a/an...impact意为“有……的影响”，且lasting为辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
③考查动词语态。句意：在他的指导下进行了许多手术，以改善当地人的福祉。本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，perform“做”和主语surgeries之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were performed。
④考查介词。句意：不幸的是，梅博士在1975年一次救灾任务返回途中死于车祸。return from意为“从……返回”，为固定搭配。故填from。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：埃塞俄比亚政府为他举行了国葬以表彰他的牺牲，他的墓前立着三块分别用中文、英文和阿姆哈拉文雕刻的墓碑，象征着他深远持久的影响。本句已有谓语动词is marked，所以symbolize“象征”应该用非谓语动词形式，它和逻辑主语his tomb之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填symbolizing。
⑥考查定语从句。句意：梅医生的遗志通过他的儿子梅学谦得以延续，梅学谦加入了中国对非洲的医疗援助工作。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mei Xueqian，指人，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。
⑦考查副词比较级。句意：梅学谦在埃塞俄比亚的工作进一步加强了中国和非洲之间的联系。本空修饰动词strengthened，表示“更进一步”，应用副词比较级further，作状语。故填further。
⑧考查时态。句意：自20世纪60年代以来，数千名中国医疗专业人员自愿前往非洲，提供关键的医疗服务，培训当地人员。根据Since the 1960s可知，volunteer“自愿”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语thousands of Chinese medical professionals是复数，所以助动词用have。故填have volunteered。
⑨考查名词。句意：梅庚年博士的生平和工作展示了无私和奉献的精神，这定义了中国医疗援助任务的特点。本空和devotion并列，作of的宾语，应用名词selflessness“无私”。故填selflessness。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：他的遗志继续激励着后代提高全球健康和加强国际合作。本句已有谓语动词continues，所以improve“改善，提高”应该用非谓语动词形式，inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”，本空应用动词不定式，作宾补。故填to improve。
2. 答案：have brought; when; what; beyond; appealing; recognition; contemporaries; influential; touched; continues
解析： 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是梅兰芳于1930年赴美演出的经历及其对中美文化交流所做出的杰出贡献。
①考查动词时态。句意：历史上很少有时刻像梅兰芳用他的京剧表演迷住美国观众的那六个月一样，使中美两国走得如此之近。此处为句子的谓语，根据句意，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，所以使用现在完成时，主语Few moments为名词复数。故填have brought。
②考查定语从句。句意：梅访问美国之际，正值许多美国人对中国持有误解之时。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词time指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。
③考查宾语从句。句意：他在这次旅行中强调的部分内容是需要尊重中国人民和中国文化。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少emphasizing的宾语，结合句意，此处指的是事情，所以使用连接代词what。故填what。
④考查介词。句意：他对角色类型的处理也是创新的，超越了前几个时代的严格限制。结合句意，此处表达“超越”的意思，应为介词beyond。故填beyond。
⑤考查形容词。句意：这些方法对于让京剧对国际观众来说既可及又有吸引力至关重要。此处为形容词作宾补，appeal的形容词为appealing意为“吸引人的”符合句意与accessible为并列关系。故填appealing。
⑥考查名词。句意：尽管存在语言障碍，他还是通过服装、身体动作和舞蹈获得了国际认可。此处名词作宾语，recognize的名词为recognition意为“认可”，且为不可数名词。故填recognition。
⑦考查名词复数形式。句意：在访问期间，他与包括无声电影演员查理·卓别林在内的西方同时代人建立了友谊。此处为名词作宾语，结合句意以及下文的“including silent film actor Charlie Chaplin”可知，此处指的是多个“当代人物”，所以使用名词复数形式。故填contemporaries。
⑧考查形容词。句意：通过与这些有影响力的人物交往，梅能够提升京剧在美国观众眼中的地位。此处为形容词作定语修饰personalities，influence的形容词为influential意为“有影响力的”符合句意。故填influential。
⑨考查形容词。句意：你可以从美国人写的评论中看到他们对他感到多么深刻地被触动和尊敬，并意识到文化交流的重要性。此处与空后的respectful为并列关系，所以此处是形容词作表语，touch的形容词为touched意为“受感动的”，表示受到感动的状态。故填touched。
⑩考查动词时态。句意：梅兰芳的开创性演出不仅将京剧介绍给国际观众，还为艺术卓越设定了一个继续激励当代从业者的标准。此处定语从句的谓语动词，结合句意，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，主语that指代的先行词a standard 为第三人称单数，所以此处使用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填continues。

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