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Unit 3 War and peace 学案（含答案）—外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册高二英语下学期期末复习
一、学习目标整合
知识目标 Master the vocabulary and expressions related to war and peace. Understand and master the key usages of the subject-verb agreement.
能力目标 Improve students’ listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. Be able to analyze and evaluate different viewpoints on war and peace.
情感目标 Develop a deep-seated longing for peace and a sense of respect for war heroes.
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
主谓一致
一、名词作主语时的主谓一致
1．形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数的名词people，police，cattle等作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。
The police are searching for the missing child.
警方正在搜寻失踪的孩子。
2．只有复数形式的名词goods，clothes，remains等作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。
The goods in this store are of high quality.
这家商店的商品质量很好。
3．表示由两部分构成的成双成套的名词glasses，trousers，shoes，scissors，gloves等作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。
这类名词前若有pair of，type of等修饰时，谓语动词根据量词的单复数而定。
Two pairs of scissors are needed for the art project.
这个美术项目需要两把剪刀。
4．集体名词crowd，family，team，group，government，committee，class，union，firm，staff，public等作主语，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式，强调各个成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。
The committee has made its decision. (强调整体)
委员会已作出决定。
The committee members are arguing about the plan. (强调成员)
委员会成员在争论这个计划。
5．clothing，furniture，baggage/luggage，scenery，jewellery，equipment等不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
The furniture in this room is made of solid wood.
这个房间的家具是实木做的。
6．单复数同形的名词means，sheep，deer等作主语，根据其表达的单复数的意义确定谓语动词的单复数。
Every means has been tried to solve the problem. (单数)
为解决这个问题，所有方法都试过了。
Three sheep are grazing on the hillside. (复数)
三只羊在山坡上吃草。
二、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致
1.主语由and或both...and连接，谓语动词用复数
Both Tom and Lily are fond of playing the piano.
汤姆和莉莉都喜欢弹钢琴。
2.主语由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，not...but...等连接 主谓一致采取就近原则
Neither the students nor the teacher is satisfied with the result.
学生和老师都对结果不满意。
(1)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no，each，many a，every等修饰，谓语动词要用单数。
Many a boy and (many a) girl has participated in the competition.
许多男孩和女孩都参加了比赛。
(2)当and连接的两个名词指同一个人同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词要用单数。
The singer and dancer is performing on stage. (同一人，dancer 前无冠词)
那位歌手兼舞者正在舞台上表演。
练习：
1.The teacher, as well as her students, ______ (invite) to attend the meeting last year.
2.Skipping meals ______ (be) a bad way to lose weight.
3.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed ______ (academic) and personally.
4.Let me take a minute to sum ______ the main points of this discussion.
5.With the intention of achieving his academic goals, he ______ (commit) to his study ever since.
6.Up to now, medical technology ______ (advance) greatly throughout the world.
7.To free ourselves ______ physical and mental tension, we all need deep thought and inner quietness.
8.The guy ______ (sign) up for three volunteer activities in the past five years.
9.I ______ (telephone) Jane when someone knocked at the door.
10.Jim's spoken English is so poor that we can ______ (bare) understand what he means.
四、核心素养对接高考
1. 【2024年四川德阳模拟】
The Sinking of The Lisbon Maru (里斯本号的沉没)
An open-air premiere of the documentary film The Sinking of The Lisbon Maru took place on Dongji Island in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province, on Aug 23, 2024.
The event took place in 1942, ①_____ the Japanese military commandeered the Lisbon Maru to carry 1,816 Allied prisoners of war (POW) from Hong Kong to Japan. Near the waters of Dongji Island, as the Japanese had not marked it ②_____ a POW vessel in violation of the Geneva Conventions (日内瓦公约), the ship was mistakenly torpedoed by a United States submarine. Amid a hail of bullets, local fishermen ③_____ (brave) rescued 384 Allied POWs.
Following the real story told by the people ④_____ (involve), the film uses realistic special effects and animated scenes ⑤_____ (portray) the brutality. of war vividly, the cold-bloodedness of the invaders, and the heroic ⑥_____ (deed) of local fishermen.
“My grandfather often recounted the ⑦_____ (thrill) sea, rescue, reminding us to remember history and cherish the special friendship forged between the Chinese and British people during the war,” said Wu Buwei, a descendant of the fishermen. “The kindness and bravery of our ancestors are expected ⑧_____ (pass) down.”
“By screening the film on Dongji Island, we aim to provide ⑨_____ unique and immersive viewing experience, allowing the audience to feel the sea breeze and hear the waves, connecting them more deeply with the story,” said Fang Li, the film’s ⑩_____ (direct) and producer. [ezhejiang. | Updated: August 26, 2024]
2.
It’s 1812 in Moscow. Napoleon has invaded Russia, and his troops get nearer to ①_____ city every day. Emperor Alexander I has left Moscow behind, and its inhabitants aren't certain of what to do next. In the ②_____ (absent) of an authority figure ③_____ knows what he is doing, the people of Moscow just decide ④_____ (have) a good time.
This story is depicted by the prominent author Leo Tolstoy in his novel War and Peace.
As I read, I felt like I could see why Tolstoy’s writing in War and Peace continued to influence film and television. He writes from one character’s point of view until a ⑤_____ (differ) major character emerges and then gives the narrative (描述).
Dramatizing the ways that the small actions of lots of people add up to a major impact ⑥_____ (be) difficult. Tolstoy’s solution is outstanding. Instead of ⑦_____ (describe) the long sweep of history, he portrays (描述) the lives of ordinary people in the face ⑧_____ wartime.
War and Peace has a great many ⑨_____ (theme), but its central one might be: We are all people. Nothing is certain, but it is. And that is when things change, for ⑩_____ (good) or for worse.
答案以及解析
三、
1.答案：was invited
解析：考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:去年老师和她的学生们被邀请参加了会议。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语last year可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，as well as连接的两个名词，谓语动词的单复数由前面的名词决定，即句子主语是The teacher，谓语动词与teacher保持一致,teacher与invite是被动关系，应使用被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was invited。
2.答案：is
解析：本题考查主谓一致。主语"Skipping meals"是动名词短语，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
3.答案：academically
解析：考查副词。句意:现在大多数大学都为大一的学生提供专门设计的课程,以帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。设空处与personally并列,修饰动词succeed,应用副词形式。故填academically。
4.答案：up
解析：考查副词。句意:让我花1分钟把这次讨论的要点做个总结。sum up为固定短语,意为“总结,概括”。故填up。
5.答案：has been committed
解析：根据时间状语 “ever since”（自从那时起）可知，句子要用现在完成时。“he” 与 “commit” 之间是被动关系，即 “他致力于学习” 是 “他被使致力于学习” 的意思，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为 “have/has been+过去分词”，主语是 “he”，故填 has been committed。
6.答案：has advanced
解析：句意为:到目前为止,医疗技术在世界各地已经有了很大的进步。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语Up to now(到目前为止)可知,此处应使用现在完成时,表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响;主语 medical technology不可数,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填 has advanced。
7.答案：from
解析：考查固定短语。句意:为了把自己从身体上和精神上的紧张中解放出来,我们都需要深刻的思考和内心的平静。free sb. from sth.意为“使某人摆脱某事”。故填from。
8.答案：has signed
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这家伙在过去的五年里报名参加了三次志愿者活动。根据“in the past five years”可知此处使用现在完成时，主语guy表示单数意义，助动词使用has,故填has signed。
9.答案：was telephoning
解析：句意为: 我正在给简打电话, 这时候有人敲门。be doing…when…为固定句型, 意为 “正在做……这时……”; when 引导的时间状语从句的时态为一般过去时, 故主句应用过去进行时, 且主语为 I, be 动词应用 was。故填 was telephoning。
10.答案：barely
解析：考查副词。句意:吉姆的英语口语很差,我们几乎不能理解他的意思。设空处修饰动词understand,应用副词形式。barely意为“几乎不”。故填barely。
四、
1. 答案：when; as; bravely; involved; to portray; deeds; thrilling; to be passed; a; director
解析：这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了纪录电影《里斯本号的沉没》。
①考查定语从句。句意：事件发生在1942年，当时日本军队征用了“里斯本”号，将1816名盟军战俘从香港运送到日本。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是1942，关系词在从句中作时间状语，使用关系副词when引导，故填when。
②考查介词。句意：由于日本违反《日内瓦公约》，没有将其标记为战俘船，该船在东集岛附近水域被一艘美国潜艇错误地用鱼雷击中。mark…as…“将……标记为……”，故填as。
③考查副词。句意：在枪林弹雨中，当地渔民勇敢地救出了384名盟军战俘。空处修饰动词rescued，应填副词形式，故填bravely。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：影片根据亲历者讲述的真实故事，运用逼真的特效和动画场面，生动地描绘了战争的残酷，侵略者的冷血，以及当地渔民的英勇事迹。involve和people之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填involved。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to portray。
⑥考查名词复数。句意：同上。deed是可数名词，结合“of local fishermen”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，故填deeds。
⑦考查形容词。句意：“祖父经常向我们讲述那场惊心动魄的海上救援，提醒我们铭记历史，珍惜中英两国人民在二战期间结下的特殊友谊，” 一名渔民的后裔Wu Buwei说。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词短语sea rescue，修饰物应用形容词thrilling，故填thrilling。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：我们祖先的善良和勇敢应该被传承下去。be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”，且pass down和主语The kindness and bravery of our ancestors之间是被动关系，故此处使用动词不定式的被动式，故填to be passed。
⑨考查冠词。句意：“通过在东集岛放映这部电影，我们的目标是提供一种独特的、身临其境的观影体验，让观众感受到海风，听到海浪，将他们与故事更深入地联系起来，”电影导演兼制片人方励说。experience在句中用作可数名词，且表示泛指，使用不定冠词修饰，unique发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
⑩考查名词。句意：同上。根据空前的名词所有格film’s和并列名词producer可知，此处使用名词director，作Fang Li的同位语。故填director。
2. 答案：the; absence; who/that; to have; different; is; describing; of; themes; better
解析：①考查冠词。句意:这是1812年的莫斯科。拿破仑已经入侵俄国,他的军队每天都离这座城市更近一点。此处特指上文提到的Moscow,故填the。
②考查名词。句意:在缺乏一个知道自己在做什么的当权人物的情况下,莫斯科人民只是决定好好享受一下。in the absence of 为固定搭配,表示“在缺乏……的情况下”,故填absence。
③考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,指代an authority figure,且在从句中作主语,故填who或that。
④考查动词不定式。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”,故填to have。
⑤考查形容词。句意:他从一个角色的角度写作,直到一个不同的主要角色出现,然后交代出故事。设空处修饰空后的character,填形容词形式,故填different。
⑥考查时态和主谓一致。句意:要生动地表达出许多人的微小的行为加起来产生重大影响的这种方式是很困难的。根据语境可知,此处是对客观事实的描述,应用一般现在时,又因为主语是Dramatizing the ways,故填is。
⑦考查动名词。句意:他没有描述漫长的历史,而是描述了普通人面临战争时期的生活。设空处作介词 of的宾语,应用动名词形式,故填describing。
⑧考查介词。 in the face of 意为“面对……”,故填of。
⑨考查名词复数。theme是可数名词,且其前有a great many修饰,故填themes。
⑩考查固定搭配。for better or for worse为固定搭配,表示“无论好坏,不管怎样”,故填better。

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