资源简介 Unit 6 Nature in words—高二英语下学期期末四步复习法一、学习目标整合知识目标 Master the vocabulary and expressions related to nature - themed literature. Understand and master the key usages of the non-finite verbs.能力目标 Enhance students’ listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills.情感目标 Develop a deep-seated love and reverence for nature. Cultivate qualities like aesthetic appreciation and environmental consciousness and build a correct ecological and cultural value system.二、思维导图回顾知识三、重难知识易混易错非谓语作定状补一、非谓语作定语1.不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。The meeting to be held tomorrow will discuss the annual budget.明天要开的会议将讨论年度预算。2.不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后需要加相应的介词。She is looking for a room to live in. 她在找一间房子住。I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支笔来写字。3.不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等限定的中心词,且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主动关系。He is always the first to arrive and the last to leave.他总是第一个到、最后一个离开。4.被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有:ability,chance,idea,hope,wish,fact,excuse,promise,attempt,way等。She has the ability to solve complex problems.她有解决复杂问题的能力。There's no chance to change the decision now.现在没有机会改变这个决定了。5.主动的 ing 形式作定语,常表示被修饰词的用途或正在进行的动作;其被动形式“being+过去分词”表示正在进行的被动动作。a swimming pool (游泳池)、a sleeping bag (睡袋)the rising sun (正在升起的太阳)、a girl sitting by the window (坐在窗边的女孩)the house being built (正在建造的房子)6.及物动词的过去分词作定语,表示被动并已完成的动作;不及物动词的过去分词作定语通常只表示已完成的动作。the broken window (被打破的窗户)the fallen leaves (落叶)the retired teacher (退休教师,已完成)二、非谓语作状语1.不定式作目的状语意为“为了”,可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性,不定式前也可加in order或so as,但so as to不能用于句首。He studies hard to get into a top university.他努力学习为了进入顶尖大学。In order to catch the early bus, she got up at 5 a.m.为了赶上早班车,她早上 5 点就起床了。2.不定式作结果状语,其前常有only,表示令人意外的结果; ing形式作结果状语常表示自然而然的结果,其前可有thus。He rushed to the station, only to find the train had left.他冲到车站,却发现火车已经开走了。The heavy rain lasted for days, thus causing serious floods.大雨持续多日,因此引发了严重洪灾。3.作时间状语, ing形式相当于when,while,before,since,as引导的时间状语从句。While walking in the park, she met an old friend.=While she was walking in the park, she met an old friend.她在公园散步时遇到了一位老朋友。4.作方式或伴随状语, ing形式表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者伴随的)动作,常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开,相当于并列句。He sat by the window, reading a novel and listening to music.他坐在窗边,一边读小说一边听音乐。5.作原因状语,不定式常用于“主语(人)+系动词+形容词(过去分词)+to do”结构中; ing形式表示的动作与句子主语之间是主动关系;过去分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是被动关系,且常含有完成的意义。She was surprised to hear the news.她听到这个消息很惊讶。Being tired, he fell asleep immediately.由于累了,他立刻睡着了。Surprised by the gift, she didn't know what to say.被礼物惊到,她不知道说什么好。6.作条件状语,过去分词短语相当于if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。Given more time, we could finish the project.=If we were given more time, we could finish the project.如果给更多时间,我们能完成项目。7.作让步状语,过去分词短语相当于though,although,even if等引导的让步状语从句。Though warned of the danger, they still went hiking alone.=Though they were warned of the danger, they still went hiking alone.尽管被警告有危险,他们仍独自去徒步。三、非谓语作宾语补足语1.有些动词及动词短语后接不定式作宾补,即“动词/动词短语+sb.+to do”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有:advise建议;ask要求;cause导致;expect期望;force强迫;invite邀请;persuade说服;require需要;remind提醒;want想要;wish想要depend on依靠; allow允许;beg乞求;encourage鼓励;forbid禁止;intend意欲;order订购;prefer喜爱;teach教;tell告诉;warn警告;wait for等待;call on号召;要求2. ing 形式作宾语补足语时,表主动并且正在进行的动作。I saw him playing basketball on the playground.我看见他正在操场上打篮球。3.过去分词作宾语补足语时,表被动并且已完成的动作。He had his car stolen last night.他的车昨晚被偷了。4.非谓语动词作感官动词和使役动词的宾补(1)使役动词have,make,let后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,表示“使,让”的含义。The boss made the employees work overtime every day.=The boss got the employees to work overtime every day.老板让员工每天加班。(2)have sb. doing sth. 用于否定句中,常与can't,won't等连用,表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。I can't have you smoking in the living room.我不容许你在客厅抽烟。(3)have/get/make+宾语+done让……被……/遭遇某事(强调被动性动作)She will get her hair cut this weekend.她这周末要去剪头发。练习:1.No matter what you say, I will stand ______ the decision I have made before.2.I reached the airport early only ______ (tell) that the flight had been delayed.3.______ (live) in Beijing for years, I almost know every place quite well.4.She claims that she has evidence which could prove her ______ (innocent).5.Rick appeared, ______ (bend) his head a little to keep clear of the top of the door.6.He makes up his mind to take every opportunity ______ (make) his dream come true.7.The stadium ______ (build) at present in our city is intended for the coming sports meeting.8.When we visited my old family home, memory came ______ (flood) back.9.Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever ______ (write).10.According to the expert, the temple has a history ______ (date) back to the early Tang Dynasty.四、核心素养对接高考1. 【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷真题】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). ①_____ (cover) an area about three times ②_____ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ③_____ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ④_____ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ⑤_____ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ⑥_____ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ⑦_____ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and ⑧_____ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve ⑨_____ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ⑩_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.2. 【2025年河南驻马店模拟】July 31 ①_____ (mark) World Ranger Day, and its theme this year is “30 by 30”, which is about ensuring that at least 30 percent of the planet is ②_____ (effect) conserved and managed by 2030, as outlined in the Global Biodiversity Framework agreed upon by world leaders and decision-makers at the 2022 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity.Without rangers, many species would likely be extinct, and the ecosystems would be in a more degraded state. Rangers are, in many cases, putting their lives ③_____ risk, so that the people can enjoy fresh air, fresh water and a healthy planet.Globally, there are about 286,000 rangers according to the International Ranger Federation. Since the last World Ranger Day, at least 140 rangers ④_____ (lose) their lives in the line of duty, with 53 percent of these fatalities occurring in Asia and 30 percent in Africa. While this figure is slightly lower than the 148 ranger deaths reported in 2023, it remains high, ⑤_____ (bring) the total to 1,319 ranger deaths over the past decade. A troubling trend is that homicides account for the ⑥_____ (major) of these deaths (27 percent), ⑦_____ (follow) closely by animal encounters (26 percent).The federation highlights that the global number of rangers is significantly below ⑧_____ is needed. With the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aiming ⑨_____ (ensure) that 30 percent of the planet is conserved by 2030, it points out that it is crucial to invest not only in our current rangers ⑩_____ also in the training of future rangers to achieve the goal.答案以及解析三、1.答案:by解析:考查介词。句意:不管你说什么,我都坚持我以前做的决定。stand by坚持(原有的决定、承诺或声明)。故填by。2.答案:to be told解析:考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:我早早到达机场,却被告知航班延误了。根据空前的only可知此处应用动词不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果。I与tell之间为被动关系,因此用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be told。3.答案:Having lived解析:考查现在分词的完成式作原因状语。句意:在北京住了多年,我几乎对每一个地方都很熟悉。句中已有谓语动词know,因此设空处应用非谓语动词。I与live之间为主动关系,且live表示的动作发生在know之前,因此用现在分词的完成式。故填Having lived。4.答案:innocence解析:考查名词。句意:她声称她有证据可以证明她的清白。根据空前的形容词性物主代词her可知设空处应用名词,表示“清白,无辜”,故填innocence。5.答案:bending解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:Rick到了,他稍微低头以避开门楣。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语appeared,故此处应用非谓语动词。bend与其逻辑主语 Rick 之间为主动关系,因此本空应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填bending。6.答案:to make解析:句意为:他决心把握一切机会实现他的梦想。opportunity意为“机会”,其后常接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to make。7.答案:being built解析:考查现在分词的被动式作定语。句意:我们市目前在建的体育场是为即将到来的运动会准备的。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语is intended,因此设空处用非谓语动词。The stadium与build之间为被动关系,根据时间状语at present可知应填being built。故填being built。8.答案:flooding解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:当我们参观我的旧居时,往事涌上心头。“come flooding back” 是固定用法,其中 “flooding” 是现在分词作方式状语,“memory came flooding back” 表示 “记忆如潮水般涌来”,“flood” 与 “memory” 之间是主动关系,即 “记忆如潮水般涌回”。故填 flooding。9.答案:written解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:如今,《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。分析句子结构可知,“ever ______ (write)” 作后置定语修饰 “works”。“write” 与 “works” 之间是被动关系,即 “著作被写”,所以用过去分词作定语,“write” 的过去分词是 “written”,“works ever written” 表示 “有史以来写的著作”。故填 written。10.答案:dating解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:据专家介绍,这座寺庙的历史可以追溯到唐朝早期。动词短语“date back to”和逻辑主语“history”之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词,作后置定语。故填dating。四、1.答案:Covering; the; were; to increase; is designed; and; populations; eventually; as; that解析:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。①考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语,空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系,应用现在分词形式作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。②考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知,此处考查倍数表达法,即为:倍数+the size of+比较成分,因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。③考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。④考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语,故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。⑤考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。⑥考查连词。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处前后为并列关系,应用并列连词and。故填and。⑦考查名词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处和and后的复数名词homes并列,且在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population ,意为“种群”,且应用复数形式。故填populations。⑧考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处后为动词achieve,空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve,结合语意可知,此处意为“最终”,应用副词eventually。故填eventually。⑨考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语serve as,意为“充当”,故空处应填介词as。故填as。⑩考查定语从句。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知,空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词,指代先行词species,指物,在从句中作主语,且先行词前有all修饰,故只能用关系代词that。故填that。2. 答案:marks; effectively; at; have lost; bringing; majority; followed; what; to ensure; but解析:这是一篇说明文。文章围绕世界护林员日展开,介绍其主题,护林员牺牲现状及数量缺口,强调需加大护林员培养投入 。①考查时态。句意:7月31日是世界护林员日。这里考查谓语动词,July 31与mark为主动关系,句子陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语July 31是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填marks。②考查副词。句意:今年的主题是 “2030年达到30%”,即到2030年,确保地球上至少 30% 的区域得到有效保护和管理。此处用副词作状语修饰动词conserved and managed。故填effectively。③考查固定短语。句意:在很多情况下,护林员们冒着生命危险,让人们能够享受新鲜的空气、干净的水和一个健康的地球。这里考查put...at risk,是固定短语,意为“使…… 处于危险中”。故填at。④考查时态。句意:自上一个世界护林员日以来,至少有140名护林员在执行任务中牺牲。这里考查谓语动词,主语at least 140 rangers与lose为主动关系,Since the last World Ranger Day是现在完成时的时间标志,所以用现在完成时,主语at least 140 rangers是复数,助动词用have。故填have lost。⑤考查非谓语。句意:虽然这一数字略低于2023年报告的148名护林员死亡人数,但仍然很高,使得过去十年护林员死亡总数达到1319人。逗号前是完整句子,此处用非谓语动词,bring和逻辑主语this figure是主动关系,再由句意可知,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填bringing。⑥考查名词。句意:一个令人不安的趋势是,谋杀占这些死亡人数的大多数(27%)。这里考查the majority of,是固定短语,意为“大多数……”。故填majority。⑦考查非谓语。句意:紧随其后的是与动物遭遇(26%)。这里考查非谓语,follow和逻辑主语homicides是被动关系,再由句意可知,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填followed。⑧考查宾语从句。句意:该联盟强调,全球护林员的数量远远低于实际所需的数量。“ 8 is needed”是宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,由句意可知,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。⑨考查非谓语。句意:《昆明 - 蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》旨在到 2030 年确保地球上 30% 的区域得到保护。这里考查aim to do sth.,是固定用法,意为“旨在做某事”。故填to ensure。⑩考查固定搭配。句意:它指出,不仅要投资于我们现有的护林员,还要投资于未来护林员的培训,以实现这一目标。这里考查not only...but also...,是固定搭配,意为“不但…… 而且……”。故填but。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览