Unit 5 The Value of Money 学案(含解析)—高一英语人教版(2019)必修第三册下学期期末复习

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Unit 5 The Value of Money 学案(含解析)—高一英语人教版(2019)必修第三册下学期期末复习

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Unit 5 The Value of Money 学案(含答案)—高一英语人教版(2019)必修第三册下学期期末复习
一、学习目标整合
1 learn some new words and expressions
2 have a further understanding of the unit
3 learn and master model verbs
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
情态动词
一、can/could
1. 表示能力,can表示现在的能力,could主要指过去的能力。
例:You can tell the significance of climate change to us.
你可以告诉我们气候变化的重要意义。
I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.
我本来希望送给彼得一件礼物祝贺他结婚,但没有做到。
注意:
can表示能力的时候,还可以用be able to代替,表示后来通过努力终于做成了某事。
例:He was a good swimmer so he was able to swim to the riverbank when the boat sank.
他是一个很擅长游泳的人,所以当船下沉时,他能够游到河岸上。
2. 表示请求或许可。
当请求允许做某事时,两者均可用,但用could语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时,一般要用can,而不用could。
例:—Can/Could I use your bike tomorrow morning
——我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗?
—Yes, you can./No, I'm afraid not.
——是的,可以。/不,恐怕不行。
You can go with them if you like.
如果你愿意的话,可以和他们一起去。
3. 表示推测。
can表推测时一般用于否定句和疑问句中(could一般无此限制)。表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定时,常用"can/could+have+过去分词"的否定或疑问形式。
例:It can't/couldn't be true.
那不可能是真的。
Can/Could he have heard the news
他听说过这个消息了吗?
4. 表示客观的、一时的情况,意思是"有时候会"。
例:The weather in Shanghai can/could be very cold in winter.
上海冬季可能很冷。
5. 表示惊异、怀疑,不相信的态度(主要用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。
例:How can you be so careless!
你怎么那么粗心呀!
二、may/might
1. 表示请求或允许,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。对may的一般疑问句的肯定回答可用may或can,但作否定回答时要用mustn't或can't。
例:You may come if you wish.
如果你想来,你就来。
May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby
我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗?
—May I smoke here
——我可以在这里吸烟吗?
—No,you mustn't. You'd better not.
——不,不可以。你最好不要吸烟。
2. 表示可能。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气不肯定。
例:The crowds might damage the beauty of the place.
人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。
She may not know about it.
她可能不知道这件事。
3. 用于表祝愿的句子中。
例:May both the bride and groom have happy lives.
祝新娘新郎幸福绵长。
三、must/have to
1. must表示必须,没有时态变化。强调的是一种主观看法,也表示责任或义务。have to表示"必须,不得不",是由于某种外界(客观)原因而"必须,不得不"做某事。mustn't表示禁止做某事;have to的否定形式表示"不必"。have to可用于多种时态中。
例:I work not because I have to, but because I want to.
我工作不是因为我不得不做,而是因为我想做。(客观上需要做这件事)
You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
在设定目标时,你必须牢记这些要点。(主观上要做这件事)
注意:
回答must引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn't,而要用needn't或don't have to。
例:—Must we hand in our exercise books now
——我们现在就必须要交练习本吗?
—Yes, you must.(No, you needn't./No,you don't have to.)
——是的,必须。(不,不必)。
2. must表示猜测。意为"想必,准是,一定",只用于肯定句。
例:The book must be the one you want.
这本书一定是你要的那本。
She' wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.
她戴着钻石项链,她一定很有钱。
3. must还可表示"偏要"。表示说话人不耐烦、不满的情绪。
Why must it rain on Sunday
为什么偏要在星期天下雨?
四、shall
1. 表示征询意见,用于第一、第三人称疑问句。
例:Shall I get you some more tea
再来点茶好吗?
Shall the boy wait outside
让那男孩在外面等吗?
2. 表示说话人的意愿,有"命令、允诺、警告、决心"等意思,用于第二、第三人称陈述句。
例:You shall come on time.
你必须准时到。(命令)
He shall have the book when I finish reading it.
我读完这本书就给他。(允诺)
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.
没有什么事情能阻止我们实施这项计划。(决心)
No reader shall remove a book from the library without permission.
未经许可,读者不准把书带出图书馆。(警告)
3. 表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为"必须;应该"。
例:One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.
我们规定中的其中一项是:每位学生在校期间都要穿校服。
Each part shall respect the articles of this contract.
任何一方都要尊重合同的条款。
五、should
1. 表示义务、责任,意为"应该",用于各种人称。
例:Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend.
在考虑上哪所大学之前,学生应该对大学有一个正确的态度。
You should be polite to your teachers.
你对老师应该有礼貌。
2. 表示可能性很大的猜测,说明说话人对客观事物的真实性作出较大可能的判断,意为"想必一定,照说应该;估计"等。
The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.
这部电影是一流演员主演的,估计拍得很好。
3. 表示说话人的惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感,意为"居然,竟然"。
Amazing! You should wear slippers at work.
真令人惊讶,你竟然穿着拖鞋上班!
六、will/would
1. 表示意志或意愿。will指现在,would指过去,用于否定句表示"不肯,不乐意"。
例:I will never do that again.
我决不会再做那种事了。
2. 表示征求意见或提出请求。主要用于第二人称疑问句中,will和would均可用,would此时不表示过去,而是表示委婉语气。
例:Will/Would you pass me the book
请你把书递给我好吗?
3. will和would可分别表示现在和过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,意为"总是;常常"。
例:Fish will die without water.
没有水,鱼会死去。
When my parents were away, my grandmother would take care of me.
我父母外出的时候,总是祖母照看我。
七、need
1. 用作情态动词,need意为"需要,有必要",一般用于否定句或疑问句中。疑问句中把need提前,否定形式是在need后加not。
例:You needn't come here this afternoon.
你今天下午不必来。
2. 用作实义动词,意为"需要,有必要",可以用于各种句式中。
例:You don't need to go now.
你不必现在就走。
I need to have a rest.
我需要休息一下。
Do we need to finish all the work today
我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗?
八、dare
1. dare作情态动词时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去形式为dared。
例:How dare you say I'm unfair
你怎么敢说我不公平?
He dare not speak English before such a crowd, dare he
他不敢在这么多人面前说英语,是吗?
If we dared not go there that day, we couldn't get the beautiful flowers.
如果那天我们不敢去那里,我们就得不到美丽的花。
2. dare作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。
例:I dare to swim across this river.
我敢游过这条河。
He doesn't dare (to) answer.
他不敢回答。
练习:
1. If you work well, you ______ get a chance of promotion.
2. You ______ smoke in this part of the hospital. It's not allowed.
3 We ______ have different opinions in organising class activities, but we can discuss together to make them better.
4. It _______ be Tom who broke the window, because he has been studying at home all day long.
5. He ______ be at home, for the lights are on.
6. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it ______ be rather cold sometimes.
7. —Can't you stay a little longer
—It's getting late. I really _______ go now. My daughter is at home alone.
8. I love the weekends, because I _______ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
9. _______ I have a word with you It won't take long.
10. Life is unpredictable; even the poorest _______ become the richest.
答案:
1. shall/will
2. mustn't
3. may/might
4. can't
5. must
6. can
7. must
8. needn't
9. Can
10. might
四、核心素养对接高考
1. Chinese TV dramas, known as C-dramas, are gaining popularity abroad. Flourished Peony, set in the glorious Tang Dynasty, serves①_______a prime example. Its stunning sets and detailed costumes, paired with a powerful story of female development,②_______(earn) it a high score of 9.3 out of 10 on Rakuten Viki and lots of positive reviews on MyDramaList lately.
It's not a single success. Guardians of the Dafeng, an exciting time-travel detective drama, and the second season of Joy of Life,③_______follows a man with modern-day insights going through an ancient dynasty, have also attracted a large number of overseas viewers.
What makes C-dramas so④_______(appeal) Love stories, told in a more low-key yet interesting way⑤_______(compare) to Western dramas, play a crucial role.⑥_______(additional), cultural elements like the beautiful props and gorgeous costumes are a major attraction. Moreover, stories centered around strong-willed female characters deeply connect with young audiences. Dramas such as The Double, where a daughter looks for⑦_______(just) for her family's tragedy, and The Legend of Shen Li, about a woman who turns into a phoenix and has⑧_______(adventure), are well-liked overseas.
In conclusion, C-dramas, often adapted from Chinese online novels, act as⑨_______cultural bridge. They enable people around the world⑩_______(learn) about Chinese lifestyle, emotions, and traditional values, effectively crossing cultural boundaries.
2. 2024年新课标Ⅱ卷英语真题
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,①_______is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common②_______(theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust."Some of the things that Tang was writing about③_______(be) also Shakespeare's concerns. I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways④_______Romeo and Juliet."
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion,⑤_______(inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,⑥_______(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international⑦_______(visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed⑧_______(find)the connection between the two great writers.
⑨_______(recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said,"It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language⑩_______see how Tang's play was being performed."
3. 2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷英语真题
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the①_______(fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
②_______Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell③_______(sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up④_______(see) them. When he looked down, he⑤_______(accidental) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes⑥_______screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry⑦_______(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly⑧_______(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
"He saved my⑨_______(son) life,"said Mrs. Brown."I don't know⑩_______to thank him."
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt,"said Henry.
1.答案:
①as②have earned③which④appealing⑤compared⑥Additionally⑦justice⑧adventures⑨a⑩to learn
解析:
考查介词。句意:以盛唐为背景的《国色芳华》就是最好的例子。短语serve as表示"作为"。故填as。
考查时态。句意:它令人惊叹的场景和细致的服装,加上一个强有力的女性发展故事,在乐天维基上获得了9.3分的高分,最近在MyDramaList上也获得了很多好评。根据lately可知为现在完成时,主语为Its stunning sets and detailed costumes,助动词用have。故填have earned。
考查定语从句。句意:令人兴奋的穿越侦探剧《大奉打更人》和《庆余年》第二季也吸引了大量海外观众,《庆余年》讲述了一个具有现代眼光的男人穿越古代王朝的故事。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Joy of Life,在从句作主语,指物。故填which。
考查形容词。句意:是什么让C剧如此吸引人?用形容词appealing,作宾语补足语,修饰C-dramas,故填appealing。
考查非谓语动词。句意:与西方戏剧相比,爱情故事以一种更低调但更有趣的方式讲述,发挥着至关重要的作用。短语be compared to表示"与……相比",过去分词作状语。故填compared。
考查副词。句意:此外,文化元素,如美丽的道具和华丽的服装是一个主要的吸引力。修饰后文句子用副词additionally,首字母大写。故填Additionally。
考查名词。句意:《墨雨云间》讲述的是一个女儿为她的家庭悲剧寻求正义的故事,《与凤行》讲述的是一个女人变凤凰冒险的故事,这些电视剧在海外都很受欢迎。作介词的宾语,表示"正义"用名词justice,不可数。故填justice。
考查名词的数。句意:《墨雨云间》讲述的是一个女儿为她的家庭悲剧寻求正义的故事,《与凤行》讲述的是一个女人变凤凰冒险的故事,这些电视剧在海外都很受欢迎。此处表示"经历很多冒险",应用复数形式,故填adventures。
考查冠词。句意:总而言之,经常改编自中国网络小说的电视剧起到了文化桥梁的作用。此处bridge为泛指,且cultural是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
考查非谓语动词。句意:它们使世界各地的人们了解中国的生活方式、情感和传统价值观,有效地跨越了文化界限。短语enable sb. to do sth.表示"使某人能够……"。故填to learn。
2.答案:
①who②themes③were④to⑤inspired⑥was built⑦visibility⑧to find⑨Recalling⑩and
解析:
① 考查定语从句。句意:为了纪念被誉为"亚洲莎士比亚"的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为"Tang Xianzu",在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示人,用关系代词who引导。故填who。
② 考查名词的数。句意:莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说,尽管他们从未见过面,但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为"there be"句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词"are"可判断,本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
③ 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:"汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。"这里为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为"some of the things",复数。故填were。
④ 考查固定短语。句意:"汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。"固定短语:be similar to,意为"和……相似",符合句意。故填to。
⑤ 考查非谓语动词。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词"a six-meter-tall pavilion"和动词"inspire"之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填inspired。
⑥ 考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语"Two years later"可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为"a six-meter-tall pavilion",单数,和动词"build"之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was built。
⑦ 考查名词。句意:Edmondson说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式,visibility"知名度"为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
⑧ 考查非谓语动词。句意:Edmondson说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词"amazed"后的原因状语,用动词不定式形式。故填to find。
⑨ 考查非谓语动词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:"听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。"非谓语动词担当状语,主语"Edmondson"和动词"recall"之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式担当状语;出现在句首,首字母大写。故填Recalling。
⑩ 考查连词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:"听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。"空前"hear the Chinese language"和空后"see how Tang's play was being performed"为并列结构,用and连接。故填and。
3.答案:
①falling②The③asleep④to see⑤accidentally⑥and⑦was fixing⑧threw⑨son's⑩how
解析:
① 考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为"掉落",child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
② 考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为"某某一家人",the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。
③ 考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词,意为"睡觉",其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配,意为"熟睡的",asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
④ 考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
⑤ 考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词,意为"意外的,失误的",其副词为accidentally,意为"意外地,失误地",符合句意。故填accidentally。
⑥ 考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写连词,连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。
⑦ 考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为"修理",其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
⑧ 考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的and started构成并列结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词,意为"扔",过去时为threw。故填threw。
⑨ 考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life与提示词son之间是所属关系,故应该使用名词所有格。故填son's。
⑩ 考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how意为"如何",符合句意。故填how。

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