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Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 学案（含答案）—高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册下学期期末复习
一、学习目标整合
1 learn some new words and expressions
2 have a further understanding of the unit
3 learn and master infinitive
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
动词不定式(短语)作主语
动词不定式(短语)作主语时，一般表示具体的、个别的或具有将来意味的动作，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，具体用法如下：
1. 用作主语的动词不定式(短语)常出现在谓语动词之后，这时需在句首用形式主语It指代它。其句型有2种：
(1)It+v.+宾语/表语(+ for sb.)+ to do sth.
当表语为名词或为描述动词不定式(短语)所表示的动作的特征的形容词时，用for引出动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语。这类形容词有 difficult，easy，hard，important，interesting等。
例：It takes three generations to make a gentleman.
十年树木，百年树人。
(It+v.+名词短语+ to do sth.)
It is hard task to break up long habit in a short time.
旧习难改。
(It+be+名词短语+ to do sth.)
It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them.
很容易想象他们前面的危险。
(It+be+形容词+ to do sth.)
It is against my principles to do such a thing.
做这样的事违背我的原则。
(It+be+介词短语+ to do sth.)
What a relief it is for us to succeed in our experiment at last!
我们的实验终于成功了，这对我们真是一个极大的安慰！
(it+be+名词短语+ for sb.+ to do sth.)
It was hard for him to live on his small income.
依靠他那点工资维持生活很难。
(It+be+形容词+ for sb.+ to do sth.)
(2)It+v.+表语+of sb.+ to do sth.(表语常为表示人的性格、品质的形容词，如good，kind，nice，foolish，polite，ever，careless等。)
例：It was careless of you to leave your umbrella on the train.
你真粗心，把伞忘在火车上。
2. 动词不定式(短语)作主语可位于句首。
例：To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.
这样做是削足适履。
3."疑问词+动词不定式(短语)"结构
动词不定式(短语)可与疑问词when、where、how、what、which、who等组合，在句中作主语。
例：Where to hold the meeting is still unknown.
会议地点还未知。
How to solve the problem has not been decided yet.
如何解决这个问题还未决定。
练习：
1. It is difficult _____ (breathe) at these altitudes.
2. It is a good idea _____ (apply) what you have learnt to practice.
3. It was a mistake _____ (see) the arts as unnecessary, he added.
4. It is important ______ (take) a positive attitude to life when you are in trouble.
5. It is our duty _____ (conduct) rescue activities if necessary.
6. It is my lifelong ambition _____ (coach) a leading team.
7. It was great _____ (see) them again.
8. It's common for smartphones _____ (come) into contact with various forms of bacteria.
9. Hard as it is _____ (accept) that the scientist has passed away, his spirit will live on.
10. It's a great honour for me _____ (ask) to deliver a speech to everybody here.
答案：
1. to breathe
2. to apply
3. to see
4. to take
5. to conduct
6. to reach
7. to see
8. to come
9. to accept
10. to be asked
四、核心素养对接高考
1. In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier①_____ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool②_____ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a③_____ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25④_____ (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased⑤_____ 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain⑥_____ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described "striking changes" in the geography of BMI. In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries⑦_____ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed⑧_____ (sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people⑨_____ (live) in the countryside, including⑩_____ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
2. The recent announcement by China's National Health Commission (NHC)①_____ it would promote a three-year "weight management" campaign has fueled nationwide enthusiasm. This campaign moves beyond traditional policy approaches②_____ combining nationwide cooperation with community-level engagement.
Over past years, China has witnessed an upward trend in the disease rate of its overweight and obese population. Obesity (肥胖) has become a major public health issue in China, ranking as the③_____ (five) leading risk factor for death and disability in the country.
What④_____ (set) this campaign apart is its comprehensive strategy, excelling through cross-sector cooperation. Sixteen government agencies⑤_____ (joint) work to address obesity's complex challenges, creating targeted plans for different age groups and life phases.⑥_____ (advance) the mission, the NHC crafted the "Nutrition & Exercise Guide", which has gone viral for its localized eating advice that harmonizes cultural food traditions with science-backed⑦_____ (well) principles.
Acknowledging obesity's physical and emotional impacts, the campaign provides personalized health blueprints⑧_____ (feature) meal schedules and workout routines. Furthermore, specialized teams composed of dietitians, traditional medicine experts, and fitness trainers create personalized support networks, monitoring daily progress via health apps, transforming health awareness into⑨_____ engaging daily habit.
It's hoped that strong centralized leadership⑩_____ (pair) with local engagement can effectively address obesity.
3.
Is Seafood Good for Your Brain
In fact, nutrition research over the last 20 years①_____ (reveal) the increasing importance of including fish and seafood in an overall healthy diet. But what exactly does the research tell us about the link between seafood, cognition, mood and brain structure
DHA, is②_____ omega-3 fatty acid that is a building block of our brain. In other words, just as calcium is to our bones, DHA is to our brains. Seafood is the main source of DHA in the diet, so it's not surprising that scientists are making note of links③_____ eating seafood and brain health. Seafood also④_____ (contain) protein, essential vitamins and minerals, and EPA, another type of omega-3 fatty acid that supports brain health.
A body of research has found that EPA and DHA reduce small proteins in the brain that are associated with depression, Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline. Another study⑤_____ (publish) in Neurology in 2021 found that Eating fish at least twice a week may protect delicate blood vessels in the brain from damage that can lead to mild cognitive impairment,⑥_____ (add) to the growing evidence⑦_____ seafood supports brain health. Omega-3 levels can⑧_____ (measure) in the body as a marker of how much seafood people consume.
The most pressing thing in daily life is the behaviors and emotions that emerge when brain is lacking in critical⑨_____ (nutrient). In other words, keeping our brains active is just as important for our mental health as it is for our cognitive health. Nearly 20 years ago, the American Psychlatrle Association concluded that omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA have a⑩_____ (protect) effect on mood disorders.
1.答案
①and②that/which③person's④is considered⑤by⑥was⑦studied⑧sharply⑨living⑩lower
解析：
考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
考查定语从句。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词tool，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用person的名词所有格person's。故填person's。
考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语(a BMI)是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。
考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示"增加了"；increase to表示"增加到"。根据正常的成人BMI数值(18.5-23.9)可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。
考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语(gain)是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。
考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，应该使用过去分词作定语。故填studied。
考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。
2.答案：
①that②by③fifth④sets⑤jointly⑥To advance⑦wellness⑧featuring⑨an⑩paired
解析：
考查同位语从句。句意：中国国家卫生健康委员会(NHC)最近宣布将开展一项为期三年的"体重管理"运动，这激起了全国人民的热情。该空引导同位语从句说明抽象名词announcement的具体内容，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that引导。故填that。
考查介词。句意：这一运动超越了传统的政策方法，通过将全国合作与社区参与相结合。此处表示方式，意为"通过"用介词by，by doing sth. (通过做某事)。故填by。
考查数词。句意：肥胖已成为中国一个重大的公共卫生问题，是导致中国死亡和残疾的第五大风险因素。根据上文定冠词以及句意"第五"可知用序数词fifth。故填fifth。
考查时态。句意：这一运动的独特之处在于其全面的战略，通过跨部门合作取得了突出成就。根据主句系动词is可知为一般现在时，从句主语为What，从句谓语动词set用三单形式。故填sets。
考查副词。句意：16个政府机构共同致力于解决肥胖的复杂挑战，为不同年龄组和生命阶段制定有针对性的计划。修饰动词work用副词jointly作状语。故填jointly。
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了推进这一使命，国家卫生健康中心制定了"营养与运动指南"，该指南因其本地化的饮食建议而走红，该建议将文化饮食传统与科学支持的健康原则相协调。此处advance作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To advance。
考查名词。句意：为了推进这一使命，国家卫生健康中心制定了"营养与运动指南"，该指南因其本地化的饮食建议而走红，该建议将文化饮食传统与科学支持的健康原则相协调。修饰名词principles，表示"健康"用名词wellness，作定语。故填wellness。
考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑到肥胖对身体和情绪的影响，该活动提供了个性化的健康蓝图，包括饮食计划和锻炼计划。此处blueprints与feature为逻辑主动关系，feature用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。
考查冠词。句意：此外，由营养师、传统医学专家和健身教练组成的专业团队创建了个性化的支持网络，通过健康应用程序监控每天的进展，将健康意识转化为一种吸引人的日常习惯。此处habit为泛指，且engaging是发音以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们希望强有力的中央领导和地方参与能够有效地解决肥胖问题。此处pair与leadership构成逻辑被动关系，pair用过去分词作定语。故填paired。
3.答案：
①has revealed②an③between④contains⑤published⑥adding⑦that⑧be measured⑨nutrients⑩protective
解析：
① 考查动词时态。句意：事实上,过去20年的营养研究表明，在整体健康饮食中增加鱼类和海鲜的重要性日益凸显。根据时间状语over the last 20 years"可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为nutrition research，助动词用has。故填has revealed。
② 考查冠词。句意：DHA是一种ω-3脂肪酸，是我们大脑的重要组成部分。acid为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且omega-3发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
③ 考查介词。句意：海鲜是饮食中DHA的主要来源，因此，科学家们注意到吃海鲜与大脑健康之间的联系也就不足为奇了。between...and...为固定搭配，意为在……之间"。故填between。
④ 考查动词时态。句意：海鲜还含有蛋白质、必需维生素和矿物质，以及另一种支持大脑健康的ω-3脂肪酸EPA。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Seafood，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填contains。
⑤ 考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年发表在《神经病学》杂志上的一项研究发现，每周至少吃两次鱼可以保护大脑中的细微血管免受可能导致轻度认知萍碍的损伤，这进一步增加了海鲜有益大脑健康的证据。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，study和publish为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填published。
⑥ 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，add和前面的句子为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填adding。
⑦ 考査同位语从句。句意：2021年发表在《神经病学》杂志上的一项研究发现，每周至少吃两次鱼可以保护大脑中的细微血管免受可能导致轻度认知障碍的损伤，这进一步增加了海鲜有益大脑健康的证据。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词evidence，从句不缺成分，且引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。
⑧ 考查被动语态。句意：人体内的。ω-3水平可以作为衡量人们食用海鲜多少的一个指标。Omega-3 levels和measure为被动关系，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形。故填be measured。
⑨ 考查名词。句意：日常生活中最迫切的问题是大脑缺乏关键营养素时出现的行为和情绪问题。nutrient为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填nutrients。
⑩ 考宜形容词。句意：近20年前，美国精神病学协会得出结论，ω-3脂肪酸中的EPA和DHA对情绪障碍具有保护作用。修饰名词effect，需用形容词protective，作定语。故填protective。

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